Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 4208-2008 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code); in addition to a number of editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 4208-2008 (the previous edition):
——The second characteristic numeral 9 is added in IP code arrangement in 4.1;
——The meaning of second characteristic numeral 9 is added in 4.2;
——The example of three markings labeled for enclosures of IPX5/IPX7/IPX9 is added in 4.3;
——The application scope of second characteristic numeral above 6 is revised in Chapter 6;
——The waterproof test method and main test condition for second characteristic numeral 9 are added in Table 8;
——The water spray test for second characteristic numeral 9 is added in 14.2.9;
——Figure 7 "Fan Jet Nozzle Dimensions" is added;
——Figure 8 "Fan Jet Nozzle Resulting Dimensions of Spraying Hole for Checking Purpose" is added;
——Figure 9 "Example of Different Quality Achievement of the Surface Finish of the Fan Jet Nozzle" is added;
——Figure 10 "Set-up for Measuring the Impact Force of the Water Jet for Determining the Protection Against High Pressure and Temperature Water Jet, Degree of Protection Against Ingress of Water IP X9" is added;
——Figure 11 "Impact Force Distribution" is added;
——Figure 12 "Test Set-up for Determining the Protection Against High-pressure and Temperature Water Jet; Degree of Protection Against Ingress of Water IP X9 for Small Enclosures" is added;
——B.25 in Annex B is added.
This standard is, by means of translation, identical to IEC 60529: 2013 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code) (English Version).
Chinese documents having corresponding consistency relationship with the normative international documents referenced in this standard are given below:
——GB/T 2900.73-2008 Electrotechnical Terminology - Earthing and Protection against Electric Shock (IEC 60050-195: 1998, MOD)
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 25 National Technical Committee on Electric Safety of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 4208-1984, GB 4208-1993 and GB/T 4208-2008.
Introduction
This standard describes a system for classifying the degrees of protection provided by the enclosures of electrical equipment. Whilst this system is suitable for use with most types of electrical equipment, it should not be assumed that all the listed degrees of protection are applicable to a particular type of equipment. The manufacturer of the equipment should be consulted to determine the degrees of protection available and the parts of equipment to which the stated degree of protection applies.
The adoption of this classification system, wherever possible, will promote uniformity in methods of describing the protection provided by the enclosure and in the tests to prove the various degrees of protection. It should also reduce the number of types of test devices necessary to test a wide range of products.
This second edition of IEC 60529 takes account of experiences with the first edition, and clarifies the requirements. It provides for an optional extension of the IP Code by an additional letter A, B, C, or D if the actual protection of persons against access to hazardous parts is higher than that indicated by the first characteristic numeral.
This Amendment 2 introduces a new degree of protection IP X9 whereas no modifications of the existing degrees of protection specified in GB/T 4208-2008 are made. Thus no modifications of the existing test method are made.
In general, enclosures with an IP coding to the first edition would be eligible for the same code according to this edition.
Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code)
1 Scope
This standard applies to the classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment with a rated voltage not exceeding 72.5 kV.
The object of this standard is to give:
a) Definitions for degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical equipment as regards:
1) protection of persons against access to hazardous parts inside the enclosure;
2) protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects;
3) protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to the ingress of water.
b) Designations for these degrees of protection.
c) Requirements for each designation.
d) Tests to be performed to verify that the enclosure meets the requirements of this standard.
It will be specified in the product standards to decide on the extent and manner in which, the classification is used in their standards and to define “enclosure” as it applies to their equipment. However, it is recommended that for a given classification the tests do not differ from those specified in this standard. If necessary, complementary requirements may be included in the relevant product standard. A guide for the details to be specified in relevant product standards is given in Annex B.
For a particular type of equipment, different requirements may be specified in product standards provided that at least the same level of safety is ensured.
This standard deals only with enclosures that are in all other respects suitable for their intended use as specified in the relevant product standard and which from the point of view of materials and workmanship ensure that the claimed degrees of protection are maintained under the normal conditions of use.
This standard is also applicable to empty enclosures provided that the general test requirements are met and that the selected degree of protection is suitable for the type of equipment to be protected.
Measures to protect both the enclosure and the equipment inside the enclosure against external influences or conditions such as mechanical impacts, corrosion, corrosive solvents (for example, cutting liquids), fungus, vermin, solar radiation, icing, moisture (for example, produced by condensation) and explosive atmospheres, and the protection against contact with hazardous moving parts external to the enclosure (such as fans), are matters for the relevant product standard to be protected.
Barriers external to the enclosure and not attached to it and obstacles which have been provided solely for the safety of personnel are not considered as a part of the enclosure and are not dealt with in this standard.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2421.1-2008 Environmental Testing - General and Guidance (IEC 60068-1: 1988, IDT)
GB/T 2423.37-2006 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Methods - Test L: Dust and Sand (IEC 60068-2-68: 1994, IDT)
IEC 60050-195: 1998 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 195: Earthing and Protection against Electric Shock
IEC 60050(826): 1982 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 826: Electrical Installations of Buildings
IEC 60071-2: 1996 Insulation Co-ordination – Part 2: Application Guide
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
enclosure
a part providing protection of equipment against certain external influences and, in any direction, protection against direct contact
Note: This definition taken from the existing International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) needs the following explanations under the scope of this standard:
1) Enclosures provide protection of persons or livestock against access to hazardous parts.
2) Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means – whether attached to the enclosure or formed by the enclosed equipment – suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes are considered as a part of the enclosure, except when they can be removed without the use of a key or tool.
[IEC 826-03-12]
3.2
direct contact
contact of persons or livestock with live parts
Note: This IEV definition is given for information. In this standard “direct contact” is replaced by “access to hazardous parts”.
[IEC 826-03-05]
3.3
degree of protection
the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against ingress of solid foreign objects and/or against ingress of water and verified by standardized test methods
3.4
IP code
a coding system to indicate the degrees of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, ingress of solid foreign objects, ingress of water and to give additional information in connection with such protection
3.5
hazardous part
a part that is hazardous to approach or touch
3.5.1
hazardous live part
a live part which, under certain conditions of external influences, can give an electric shock
[IEC 60050-195, definition 195-06-05]
3.5.2
hazardous mechanical part
a moving part, other than a smooth rotating shaft, that is hazardous to touch
3.6
protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts
the protection of persons against
——contact with hazardous low-voltage live parts
——contact with hazardous mechanical parts
——approach to hazardous high-voltage live parts below adequate clearance inside an enclosure
Note: This protection may be provided
——by means of the enclosure itself;
——by means of barriers as part of the enclosure or distances inside the enclosure.
3.7
adequate clearance for protection against access to hazardous parts
a distance to prevent contact or approach of an access probe to a hazardous part
3.8
access probe
a test probe simulating in a conventional manner a part of a person or a tool, or the like, held by a person to verify adequate clearance from hazardous parts
3.9
object probe
a test probe simulating a solid foreign object to verify the possibility of ingress into an enclosure
3.10
opening
a gap or aperture in an enclosure which exists or may be formed by the application of a test probe at the specified force
4 Designations
The degree of protection provided by an enclosure is indicated by the IP Code in the following way:
4.1 Arrangement of the IP Code
Where a characteristic numeral is not required to be specified, it shall be replaced by the letter “X” (“XX” if both numerals are omitted).
Additional letters and/or supplementary letters may be omitted without replacement.
Where more than one supplementary letter is used, the alphabetic sequence shall apply.
If an enclosure provides different degrees of protection for different intended mounting arrangements, the relevant degrees of protection shall be indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions related to the respective mounting arrangements.
Details for the marking of an enclosure are given in Chapter 10.
4.2 Elements of the IP Code and their meanings
A brief description of the IP Code elements is given in the following chart. Full details are specified in the clauses indicated in the last column.
4.3 Examples for the use of letters in the IP Code
The following examples are to explain the use and arrangement of letters in the IP Code. For more comprehensive examples see Chapter 9.
IP44——no letters, no options;
IPX5——omitting first characteristic numeral;
IP2X——omitting second characteristic numeral.
IP20C——using additional letter;
IPXXC——omitting both characteristic numerals, using additional letter.
IPX1C——omitting first characteristic numeral, using additional letter.
IP3XD——omitting second characteristic numeral, using additional letter.
IP23S——using supplementary letter.
IP21CM——using additional letter and supplementary letter.
IPX5/IPX7/IPX9——giving three degrees of protection by an enclosure against water jets, temporary immersion and high pressure and temperature water jet for “versatile” application.
5 Degrees of Protection against Access to Hazardous Parts and against Solid Foreign Objects Indicated by the First Characteristic Numeral
The designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that conditions stated in both 5.1 and 5.2 are met.
The first characteristic numeral indicates that:
The enclosure provides protection of persons against access to hazardous parts by preventing or limiting the ingress of a part of the human body or an object held by a person;
The enclosure provides protection of equipment against the ingress of solid foreign objects.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by the first characteristic numeral if it also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests would obviously be met if applied.
5.1 Protection against access to hazardous parts
Table 1 gives brief descriptions and definitions for the degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the first characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
To comply with the conditions of the first characteristic numeral, adequate clearance shall be kept between the access probe and hazardous parts.
The tests are specified in Chapter 12.
Foreword i Introduction iii 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Designations 5 Degrees of Protection against Access to Hazardous Parts and against Solid Foreign Objects Indicated by the First Characteristic Numeral 6 Degrees of Protection against Ingress of Water Indicated by the Second Characteristic Numeral 7 Degrees of Protection against Access to Hazardous Parts Indicated by the Additional Letter 8 Supplementary Letters 9 Examples of Designations with the IP Code 10 Marking 11 General Requirements for Tests 12 Tests for Protection against Access to Hazardous Parts Indicated by the First Characteristic Numeral 13 Tests for Protection against Solid Foreign Objects Indicated by the First Characteristic Numeral 14 Tests for Protection against Water Indicated by the Second Characteristic Numeral 15 Tests for Protection Against Access to Hazardous Parts Indicated by the Additional Letter Annex A (Informative) Examples of IP Coding for the Verification of Protection of Low-voltage Equipment Against Access to Hazardous Parts Annex B (Informative) Summary of Specified Requirements in Relevant Product Standard Bibliography
外壳防护等级(IP代码) 1 范围 本标准适用于额定电压不超过72.5 kV，借助外壳防护的电气设备的防护分级。 本标准的目的如下： a)规定电气设备下述内容的外壳防护等级： 1)对人体触及外壳内的危险部件的防护； 2)对固体异物进入外壳内设备的防护； 3)对水进入外壳内对设备造成有害影响的防护。 b)防护等级的标识。 c)各防护等级标识的要求。 d)按本标准的要求对外壳作验证试验。 各类产品引用外壳防护等级的程度和方式，以及采用何种外壳，留待产品标准决定，对具体的防护等级所采用的试验应符合本标准的规定，必要时，在有关产品标准中可增加补充要求。可在有关产品标准中作具体规定的细则参见附录B。 对特殊型式的设备，产品标准可以规定不同的要求，但至少要保证相同的安全水平。 本标准仅考虑在各方面都符合有关产品标准规定的外壳，在正常使用条件下，外壳的材料和工艺应保证达到所需要的防护等级。 如果某类设备满足试验一般要求而且所选择的防护等级适用于该设备型式，则本标准也适用于该型式设备的空外壳。 有关机械损坏、锈蚀、腐蚀性溶剂(如切削液)、霉菌、虫害、太阳辐射、结冰、潮湿(如凝露引起的)、爆炸性气体等外部影响或环境条件对外壳和壳内设备破坏的防护措施以及防止与外壳外部危险运动部件(如风扇)的接触由有关产品标准规定。 不与外壳连接的隔板以及专门为人身安全设置的阻挡物，不看作外壳的一部分，本标准不予研究。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 2421.1—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 概述和指南(IEC 60068-1：1988，IDT) GB/T 2423.37—2006 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验L：沙尘试验(IEC 60068-2-68：1994，IDT) IEC 60050-195：1998国际电工术语 第195部分：接地与电击防护 IEC 60050(826)：1982国际电工术语 第826章：建筑物电气装置 IEC 60071-2：1996绝缘配合 第2部分：使用导则 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 外壳 enclosure 能防止设备受到某些外部影响并在各个方向防止直接接触的设备部件。 注：本条定义来自现行国际电工词汇(IEV)，在本标准的范围内作如下解释： 1)外壳提供人或畜接近壳内危险部件的防护。 2)防止或限制本标准规定的试具进入的隔板、形成孔洞或其他开口的部件，不论是附在外壳上的还是包覆设备的，都算作外壳的一部分，不使用钥匙或工具就能移除的部件除外。 [IEC 826-03-12] 3.2 直接接触direct contact 人或畜与带电部分的接触。 注：根据IEV定义给出的信息，本标准中“直接接触”被“接近危险部件”取代。 [IEC 826-03-05] 3.3 防护等级degree of protection 按标准规定的检验方法，确定外壳对人接近危险部件、防止固体异物进入或水进入所提供的保护程度。 3.4 IP代码 IP code 表明外壳对人接近危险部件、防止固体异物或水进入的防护等级，并且给出与这些防护有关的附加信息的代码系统。 3.5 危险部件hazardous part 接近或接触时有危险的部件。 3.5.1 危险带电部分hazardous live part 在某些条件下能造成伤害性电击的带电部分。 [IEC 60050-195，定义195-06-05] 3.5.2 危险机械部件hazardous mechanical part 接触会有危险的运动部件。光滑旋转轴除外。 3.6 外壳对接近危险部件的防护protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts 外壳对人体： ——接触危险的低压带电部件的防护； ——接触危险的机械部件的防护； ——在外壳内没有足够空间情况下防止接近危险高压带电部件。 注：这种防护可借助于： ——外壳本身； ——作为外壳一部分的隔板或借助于壳内距离来达到。 3.7 防止接近危险部件的足够间隙 adequate clearance for protection against access to hazardous parts 防止触及试具接触或接近危险部件的距离。 3.8 触及试具access probe 能方便地模仿人体的一部分或模仿工具或类似物，由人手持来检验距离危险部件是否有足够间隙的检验工具。 3.9 物体试具object probe 模仿固体异物检验其进入外壳的可能性的检验工具。 3.10 开口opening 外壳本身存在的或通过试具施加规定的外力后形成的孔洞或缝隙。 4标识 外壳提供的防护等级用IP代码以下述方式表示。 4.1 IP代码的配置
7 附加字母所表示的防止接近危险部件的防护等级 附加字母表示对人接近危险部件的防护等级。 附加字母仅用于： ——接近危险部件的实际防护高于第一位特征数字代表的防护等级； ——第一位特征数字用“X”代替，仅需表示对接近危险部件的防护等级。 例如，这类较高等级的防护是由挡板、开口的适当形状或与壳内部件的距离来达到的。 表4列出了能方便地代表人体的一部分或人手持物体以及对接近危险部件的防护等级的含义等内容，这些内容均由附加字母表示。 表4 附加字母所表示的对接近危险部件的防护等级 附加字母 防护等级 试验条件参见章条 简要说明 含义 A 防止手背接近 直径50 mm的球形试具与危险部件应保持足够的间隙 15.2 B 防止手指接近 直径12 mm，长80 mm的铰接试指与危险部件应保持足够的间隙 15.2 C 防止工具接近 直径2.5 mm，长100 mm的试具与危险部件应保持足够的间隙 15.2 D 防止金属线接近 直径1.0 mm，长100 mm的试具与危险部件应保持足够的间隙 15.2
如果外壳适用于低于某一等级的各级，则仅要求用该附加字母标识该等级。如果试验明显地适用于任何低于该级的所有各级，则低于该等级的试验不必进行。 试验见第15章。 IP代码的示例见附录A。 8 补充字母 在有关产品标准中，可由补充字母表示补充的内容。补充字母放在第二位特征数字或附加字母之后。 补充的内容应与本标准的要求保持一致，产品标准应明确说明进行该级试验的补充要求。 补充内容的标识字母及含义如下： 字母 含 义 H 高压设备 M 防水试验在设备的可动部件(如旋转电机的转子)运动时进行 S 防水试验在设备的可动部件(如旋转电机的转子)静止时进行 W 提供附加防护或处理以适用于规定的气候条件
