标准编号:	GB/T 41134.1-2021
中文名称:	电驱动工业车辆用燃料电池发电系统 第1部分：安全
英文名称:	Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks—Part 1: Safety
中标分类:	K82    化学电源
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	27.070 27.070    燃料电池 27.070
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2021-12-31
实施日期:	2022-7-1
标准状态:	现行
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	40000 字
翻译价格(元):	2600.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization — Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.



This document is Part 1 of GB/T 41134 Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks. The following parts of GB/T 41134 have been issued:



——Part 1: Safety;



——Part 2: Performance test methods.



This document has been redrafted and modified in relation to IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 Fuel cell technologies — Part 4-101: Fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road vehicles and auxiliary power unit (APU) — Safety of electrically powered industrial trucks.



The following structural changes have been made with respect to IEC 62282-4-101: 2014:



——Subclauses 4.16 and 4.17 have been added;



——Test conditions have been added into 5.1 c);



——Subclauses 5.11.1 and 5.11.2 have been added;



——Subclauses 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 have been added;



——Subclauses 4.3.3 ~ 4.3.8, 4.9.1 ~ 4.9.10, 4.10.1 ~ 4.10.8, 4.13.10, 5.17.1 ~ 5.17.3 have been deleted, and 4.13.11 has been adjusted to 4.13.10 herein, 4.13.12 adjusted to 4.13.11 and 4.13.13 adjusted to 4.13.12;



——Subclause 5.20 in IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 has been deleted, and 5.21 has been adjusted to 5.20 herein, 5.22 adjusted to 5.21 and 5.23 adjusted to 5.22;



——Figures 2, 3 and 4 and Table 1 have been deleted, and Figure 5 in IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 has been changed to Figure 2 herein, Figure 6 changed to Figure 3, Table 2 changed to Table 1, Table 3 changed to Table 2 and Table 4 changed to Table 3;



——Annex A to IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 has been adjusted to Annex B hereto.



Technical differences between this document and IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 are marked with perpendicular single line (|) in the outside page margin of the provisions concerned.



The following main technical differences have been made with respect to IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 and the reasons are as follows:



——The normative references in the international standard have been added, deleted and replaced, and the differences between normative references of this document and normative references in IEC 62282-4-101: 2014 have been listed in Annex A hereto;



——The terms and definitions of modified check valves, maximum allowable working pressure, maximum operating pressure and zone system of classification have been modified (see 3.3, 3.14, 3.16 and 3.26);



——For convenience of use, the requirements for hydrogen pressure vessels metal hydride vessels, overvoltage protection, regulating valves, ventilation measures, electrostatic discharge, electrical components of fuel cell power system, internal wires, external wires, lamps and lampholders, etc. have been modified for compliance with the current national standards (see 4.2.3.2, 4.2.4, 4.3.2, 4.5.2, 4.9, 4.10, 4.13.1.3, 4.13.2, 4.13.3 and 4.13.8);



——The requirements for insulation resistance and vibration resistance have been added (see 4.16 and 4.17);



——The performance requirements for safety and test methods for generals for type test have been added [see 5.1 c)];



——For convenience of use, the contents of some tests have been modified, such as fuel container securement test, dielectric voltage-withstand test, rain test, enclosure loading test and needle flame test for thermoplastic materials, for compliance with the current national standards (see 5.3, 5.11, 5.17, 5.18.1, 5.19 and 6.1);



——For convenience of use, the logo has been modified for compliance with the current national standard (see Clause 7);



——For convenience of use, some requirements and test methods for overpressure and thermal protection, ventilation facilities to prevent combustible gas and vapor accumulation, electrostatic discharge, electrical insulation, environmental test and adhesion test of sign boards have been deleted (see 4.3.2 ~ 4.3.8, 4.9.1 ~ 4.9.10, 4.10.1 ~ 4.10.8, 4.13.10, 5.17.1 ~ 5.17.3 and 5.20 of IEC 62282-4-101: 2014).



The following editorial changes have been made in this document:



——To be consistent with the existing standard in China, this standard has been renamed "Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks — Part 1: Safety";



——Annex A (Informative) "Differences between normative references of this document and normative references in IEC 62282-4-101: 2014" have been added; The Chinese documents consistent and corresponding with the international normative references in this document are as follows:



——GB/T 5169 (All Parts) Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products [IEC 60695 (All Parts)]



——GB/T 14536.1-2008 Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60730-1: 2003, IDT)



——GB/T 18615-2002 Non-alloyed and stainless steel fittings for corrugated flexible metallic hoses (eqv ISO 10806: 1994)



——GB/T 29729-2013 Essential requirements for the safety of hydrogen systems (ISO/TR 15916: 2004, NEQ)



Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.



This document was proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.



This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Fuel Cell and Flow Battery of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 342).

 

Introduction



GB/T 41134 deals with categories such as safety, performance and interchangeability of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks. This standard is applicable to industrial electric trucks with fuel cell power systems because such an application is urgently demanded in the world.



Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks can work in hybrid mode or multiple modes. This standard breaks down their different modes and provides a clear framework for the design and test of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks. It is used for evaluating the performance of different combined fuel cell modes of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks.



Users of this standard may optionally carry out the test items, described in this standard, which are suitable for their purposes. This document does not exclude other test methods.



GB/T 41134 is proposed to consist of two parts.



——Part 1: Safety, which presents the safety requirements and test methods for structure, circuit and fuel of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks.



——Part 2: Performance test methods, which presents a unified and repeatable test method related to the electrical, thermal and environmental performance of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks.





Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks — Part 1: Safety



1 Scope



This part of GB/T 41134 covers safety requirements for fuel cell power systems intended to be used in electrically powered industrial trucks.



This standard applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks.



This standard applies to fuel cell powered industrial trucks for handling, pushing, towing, lifting, stacking or placing goods, such as forklifts, single-bucket loaders.



This standard covers the fuel cell power system as defined in 3.8 and Figure 1.



This standard applies to d.c. type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not exceeding 150 V d.c. for indoor and outdoor use.



This standard covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system.



The following fuels are considered within the scope of this standard:



——gaseous hydrogen;



——methanol.



The following are not included in the scope of this standard:



——detachable type fuel source containers;



——hybrid trucks that include an internal combustion engine;



——reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems;



——fuel cell power systems intended for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres;



——fuel storage systems using liquid hydrogen.

 



Note: A fuel cell power system may contain all or some of the above components.

Figure 1 Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks



2 Normative references



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.



GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use

GB 3836.1-2010 Explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Equipment — General requirements (IEC 60079-0: 2007, MOD);

GB 3836.4-2010 Explosive atmospheres — Part 4: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"

GB 3836.14-2014 Explosive atmospheres — Part 14: Classification of areas — Explosive gas atmosphere (IEC 60079-10-1: 2008, IDT);

GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529: 2013, IDT)

GB 4706.66-2008 Household and similar electrical appliance-safety — Particular requirements for pumps (IEC 60335-2-41: 2004, IDT)

GB 4943.1-2011 Information technology equipment — Safety — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60950-1: 2005, MOD)

GB/T 5099.1-2017 Seamless steel gas cylinders — Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1100 MPa (ISO 9809-1: 2010, NEQ);

GB/T 5169.9-2013 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 9:Guidance for assessing the fire hazard — Preselection testing procedures — General guidelines (IEC 60695-1-30: 2008, IDT)

GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 16: Test flames — 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods (IEC 60695-11-10: 2013, IDT)

GB/T 5169.21-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 21: Abnormal heat — Ball pressure test (IEC 60695-10-2: 2014, IDT)

GB/T 5169.22-2015 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 22: Test flames — 50 W flame — Apparatus and confirmational test method (IEC 60695-11-4: 2011, IDT)

GB/T 5226.1-2019 Electrical safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1: 2016, IDT)

GB/T 7127.1-2000 Brake hose assemblies for hydraulic braking systems of road vehicles used with non-petroleum-base brake fluid (eqv ISO 3996: 1995)

GB/T 14048.3-2017 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units (IEC 60947-3: 2015, IDT)

GB/T 14048.5-2017 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching element — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1: 2016, MOD)

GB/T 14536.19-2017 Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use — Particular requirements for electrically operated water valves including mechanical requirements (IEC 60730-2-17: 2007, IDT)

GB/T 16839.1-2018 Thermocouples — Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances (IEC 60584-1: 2013, IDT)

GB/T 16855.1-2018 Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1: 2015, IDT)

GB/T 16895.21-2020 Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety — Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41: 2017, IDT)

GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems — Part 1: Principles requirements and tests (IEC 60664-1: 2007, IDT)

GB/T 17799.1-2017 Electromagnetic compatibility — Generic standards — Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments

GB 17799.3-2012 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Generic standards — Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments

GB 18384-2020 The safety requirement of electric vehicles

GB/T 18422-2013 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies — Determination of air permeability (ISO 4080: 2009, IDT)

GB/T 18426-2001 Rubber or plastics-coated fabrics — Low-temperature bend test (ISO 4675: 1990, IDT)

GB/T 19212.1-2016 Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and combinations thereof — Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61558-1: 2009, MOD)

GB/T 23606-2009 Copper-hydrogen embrittlement test method (ISO 2626: 1973, MOD)

GB/T 23658-2009 Elastomeric seals — Material requirement for seals used in pipes and fittings carrying gaseous fuels and hydrocarbon fluid (ISO 16010: 2005, MOD)

GB/T 24135-2009 Rubber-or plastics-coated fabrics — Accelerated ageing tests (ISO 1419: 1995, IDT)

GB/T 27544-2011 Industrial trucks — Electrical requirements

GB/T 28164-2011 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes — Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application (IEC 62133: 2002, IDT)

GB/T 29838-2013 Fuel cell modules (IEC 62282-2: 2012, MOD)

GB/T 30718-2014 Compressed hydrogen surface vehicle refueling connection devices (ISO 17268: 2006, NEQ)

GB/T 33292-2016 Metal hydride hydrogen storage system for fuel cells backup power

GB/T 35544-2017 Fully-wrapped carbon fiber reinforced cylinders with an aluminum liner for the on-board storage of compressed hydrogen as a fuel for land vehicles

GB/T 37499-2019 Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances — Particular requirements — Automatic and semi-automatic valves (ISO 23551-1: 2012, MOD)

ISO 1421 Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics — Determination of tensile strength and elongation at break

ISO 4038 Road vehicles — Hydraulic braking systems — Simple flare pipes, tapped holes, male fittings and hose end fittings

ISO 10380 Pipework — Corrugated metal hoses and hose assemblies

ISO 10442 Petroleum, chemical and gas service industries — Packaged, integrally geared centrifugal air compressors

ISO 10806 Pipework — Fittings for corrugated metal hoses

ISO 1114-4 Transportable gas cylinders — Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents — Part 4: Test methods for selecting metallic materials resistant to hydrogen embrittlement

ISO 13226 Rubber — Standard reference elastomers (SREs) for characterizing the effect of liquids on vulcanized rubbers

ISO 14113 Gas welding equipment — Rubber and plastics hose and hose assemblies for use with industrial gases up to 450 bar (45MPa)

ISO 15500-12 Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components — Part 12: Pressure relief valve (PRV)

ISO/TR 15916 Basic considerations for the safety of hydrogen systems

ISO 15649 Petroleum and natural gas industries — Piping

IEC 60695 Fire hazard testing

IEC 60730-1: 2013 Automatic electrical controls — Part 1: General requirements

IEC 61204-7 Low-voltage switch mode power supplies — Part 7: Safety requirements

IEC/TS 61430 Secondary cells and batteries — Test methods for checking the performance of devices designed for reducing explosion hazards — Lead acid starter batteries

IEC 62103 Electronic equipment for use in power installations



3 Terms and definitions



For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.



3.1

abnormal operation

operation of the fuel cell power system with any one electrical or control component malfunction or failure, in any failure mode regarded as reasonably probable in the FMEA; but excluding accidental rupture or breakdown of the containers of flammable liquids, vapours and/or gases



3.2

bonding

permanent joining of metallic parts to form a positive electrically conductive path that provides electrical continuity between non-current carrying metal parts and is capable of conducting any fault current that may occur

Note to entry: This applies to bonding within the fuel cell power system and between the fuel cell power system and truck and does not refer to the means to ground the truck itself, such as with a grounding strap or with tyres. Acceptable methods of bonding shall be by any positive means, such as by a clamp, rivet, bolt, screw, welded joint, soldered or brazed joint, or a bonding jumper with a closed loop connector secured by a screw.



3.3

check-valve

valve that automatically prevents medium countercurrent through medium force by a disc (valve disc)

[Source: GB/T 21465-2008, 2.2.1.8]



3.4

circuit, limited power

circuit involving a peak voltage greater than 42.4 V a.c. (30 V r.m.s.) or 60 V d.c. and power after 60 s of operation comply with the values outlined in Tables 2B and 2C of GB 4943.1-2011

Note to entry: A circuit that is low voltage under both normal and single fault conditions is referred to in GB 4943.1-2011 as a safety extra low voltage (SELV).



3.5

low-voltage circuit

circuit involving a peak open-circuit voltage of less than 42.4 V a.c. (30 V r.m.s.) or 60 V d.c. supplied by a battery, a fuel cell, a transformer having a maximum volt-ampere (VA), rating of less than 100 VA and a maximum secondary output of 30 V a.c. or by a combination of a transformer and a fixed impedance that as a system, complies with GB/T 19212.1-2016

Note to entry: A circuit derived by connecting a resistance in series with a voltage supply circuit as a means of limiting the voltage and current, is not considered to be a low-voltage circuit.



3.6

dilution boundary

extent of a flammable area or zone created by a limited release of flammable gas or vapour, internal to the fuel cell power system or truck in which it is mounted, and controlled by mechanical ventilation or other effective means

Note to entry: This is outlined in GB 3836.14-2014.



3.7

electrostatic discharge; ESD

discharge created by static electricity



3.8

fuel cell power system

generator system that uses one or more fuel cell module(s) to generate electric power and heat

Note to entry: See Figure 1 for a block diagram of a fuel cell power system. A fuel cell power system may contain all or some of the components shown in Figure 1. The fuel cell power system for use with industrial trucks will be in one of the forms as outlined in 3.9 and 3.10.

[Source: GB/T 28816-2020, 3.49, modified]



3.9

self-contained system

complete system incorporated into its own housing that is intended to replace or combine with a battery system to power an industrial truck

Note to entry: Display and control functions may be located outside the system's housing in proximity to the operator's compartment. However, if counterweight is required outside the system’s housing or direct communication is required between the system and the truck controller, then it will be considered an integrated system (see 3.10).

 

3.10

integrated fuel cell power system

complete system of fuel cell modules and components that are incorporated into the industrial truck with the various components of the system potentially distributed throughout the truck



3.11

hazardous (classified) areas

any work area or space where combustible dust, ignitable fibres, or flammable, volatile liquids, gases, vapours or mixtures are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures as defined by GB 3836.14-2014



3.12

integral

something that is either contained within the fuel cell power system or is external, but is a part of the fuel cell power system



3.13

lower flammability limit; LFL

minimum concentration of fuel in a fuel-air mixture where a combustion can be ignited by an ignition source

Note to entry: A fuel-air mixture is flammable when combustion can be started by an ignition source. The main component concerns the proportions or composition of the fuel-air mixture. A mixture that has less than a critical amount of fuel, known as the lower flammability limit (LFL) or more than a critical amount of fuel, known as the rich or upper flammability limit (UFL), will not be flammable.



3.14

maximum allowable working pressure; MAWP

maximum pressure at which a fuel cell or fuel cell power system may be operated

Note 1 to entry: See Annex B for a comparison table of pressure terms.

Note 2 to entry: The maximum allowable working pressure is expressed in Pa.

Note 3 to entry: The maximum allowable working pressure is the pressure used in determining the setting of pressure limiting/relieving devices installed to protect a component or system from accidental over-pressuring.

[Source: GB/T 28816-2020, 3.86.3, modified]



3.15

maximum continuous load rating

maximum continuous power that can be sustained by the fuel cell power system independent of any electrical energy storage device or storage component at 25°C and ambient pressure 0.1 MPa

 

3.16

maximum operating pressure; MOP

maximum pressure, specified by part/system manufacturers, at which the part or system is designed to operate continuously

Note 1 to entry: The maximum operating pressure is expressed in Pa.

Note 2 to entry: See Annex B for a comparison table of pressure terms.

[Source: GB/T 28816-2020, Definition 3.86.4, modified]



3.17

normal release

limited internal localized volumes of flammable vapour concentrations released during normal operation that may include fuel cell purge



3.18

normal operation

all operating and non-operating modes encountered during product use that are not the result of a failure



3.19

pressure relief device; PRD

pressure and/or temperature activated device used to prevent the pressure from rising above a predetermined maximum and thereby prevent failure of a pressurized part or system



3.20

thermally activated pressure relief device; TPRD

pressure relief device that activated thermally



3.21

safety control

automatic controls and interlocks including relays, switches, sensors and other auxiliary equipment used in conjunction therewith to form a safety control system, which is intended to prevent unsafe operation of the controlled equipment



3.22

safety critical component

component, device, circuit, software or similar part whose failure would affect the safety of the fuel cell power system as determined in 4.15



3.23

service pressure

nominal working pressure

pressure, as specified by the manufacturer, at a uniform gas temperature of 15°C and full gas content

Note 1 to entry: This term only relates to the hydrogen pressure vessel.

Note 2 to entry: See Annex B for a comparison table of pressure terms.



3.24

gas purge

protective operation to remove gases and/or liquids, such as fuel, hydrogen, air or water, from a fuel cell power system



3.25

touch current

electric current through a human body or an animal body when it touches one or more accessible parts



3.26

zone system of classification

means for classifying areas into hazardous areas and non-hazardous areas, based on the frequency and duration of flammable gas

Note 1 to entry: Hazardous areas include the following zones:

——Zone 0: A location in which explosive gases appears continuously or frequently or are present for long periods of time, e.g., hydrogen carrying devices in a power system

——Zone 1: A location in which explosive gases are likely to exist under normal operating conditions, e.g., the fuel cell stack, fuel supply system and exhaust gas (hydrogen) discharge port in a power system.

——Zone 2: A location in which explosive gases are impossible to exist or possible to exist in a short time under normal operating conditions.

Note 2 to entry: Except for the above-mentioned zones, other zones in a power system are non-hazardous areas.



4 Construction requirements for safety



4.1 General



4.1.1 Any component of a product covered by this document shall comply with the requirements for that component. Normative references for standards covering components used in the products covered by this document are given in Clause 2.



4.1.2 A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement of the normative referenced standards that:



a) involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in the product covered by this document, or



b) is superseded by a requirement in this document.



4.1.3 Any component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of use.



4.1.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.

Foreword i
Introduction iv
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Construction requirements for safety
4.1 General
4.2 Hydrogen and other fluid containing parts
4.3 Over-pressure and thermal protection
4.4 Regulators
4.5 Operating and shut-off valves
4.6 Filters
4.7 Pumps and compressors
4.8 Electrically operated pressure sensing and controlling devices
4.9 Ventilation measures
4.10 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
4.11 Discharges including methanol emissions and waste materials
4.12 System enclosures (self-contained system)
4.13 Fuel cell power system electrical components
4.14 Control circuits
4.15 Safety/hazard analysis
4.16 Insulation resistance
4.17 Requirements for vibration resistance
5 Performance requirements for safety and type tests
5.1 General
5.2 Vibration test
5.3 Fuel container securement test
5.4 Endurance test
5.5 External leakage test
5.6 Ultimate strength test
5.7 Potential failure modes test
5.8 Temperature test
5.9 Continuity test
5.10 Touch current test
5.11 Dielectric voltage-withstand test
5.12 Non-metallic tubing test for accumulation of static electricity
5.13 Limited power circuit test
5.14 Maximum VA test
5.15 Abnormal operation test (electric equipment failures)
5.16 Emission of effluents test (only for methanol fuel cells)
5.17 Rain test
5.18 System enclosure test (self-contained system)
5.19 Needle flame test for thermoplastic materials
5.20 Test for elastomeric seals, gaskets and tubing
5.21 Test for permeation of non-metallic tubing and piping
5.22 Test for electrical output leads
6 Routine tests
6.1 Dielectric voltage-withstand test
6.2 External leakage test
7 Markings
7.1 General
7.2 Markings of fuel cell power system
7.3 Marking of components
8 Instructions
8.1 General
8.2 Maintenance instructions
8.3 Operating instructions
8.4 Installation instructions
Annex A (Informative) Differences between normative references of this document and normative references in IEC 62282-4-101:
Annex B (Informative) Comparison of pressure terms
Bibliography

1 范围
本文件规定了电驱动工业车辆用燃料电池发电系统的安全要求。
本文件适用于采用气态氢燃料电池发电系统和直接甲醇燃料电池发电系统的电驱动工业车辆。
本文件适用于燃料电池驱动用于搬运、推顶、牵引、起升、堆垛或码放各种货物的工业车辆,如叉车、单斗装载机等。
本文件适用于3.8和图1所定义的燃料电池发电系统。
本文件适用于室内和室外使用的额定输出电压不超过150V的直流型燃料电池发电系统。
本文件涉及的燃料电池发电系统,其燃料源容器永久地附在工业车辆或燃料电池发电系统上。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB 2894 安全标志及其使用导则
GB 3836.1-2010 爆炸性环境 第1部分:设备通用要求(IEC 60079-0:2007,MOD)
GB 3836.4-2010 爆炸性环境 第4部分:由本质安全性“i”保护的设备
GB 3836.14-2014 爆炸性环境 第14部分:场所分类爆炸性气体环境 (IEC 60079-10-1:2008,IDT)
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
非正常运行
燃料电池发电系统在任何电气或控制部件故障或失效的情况下,或在失效模式分析(FMEA)程序确认的任一失效模式下运行,但不包括易燃液体、蒸汽和/或气体容器的意外破裂或损坏。
3.2
连接
永久性地连接金属部件以形成一种正导电的导电路径,可以在非载电金属部件之间提供电气连接并且能够传导可能发生的任何故障电流。
注:适用于燃料电池发电系统内部以及燃料电池发电系统和车辆之间的连接,不涉及如通过接地端或轮胎将车辆本身接地的措施。可接受任何主动的方式,比如夹子、铆钉、螺栓、螺丝、焊接或钎焊的接头,或者是用螺丝固定的闭环连接器。
3.3
止回阀
启闭件(阀瓣)借助介质作用力、自动阻止介质逆流的阀门。
4 结构安全要求
4.1 总则
4.1.1 本文件中所涵盖产品的任何部件均应符合该部件的要求。用于本文件所涵盖产品中使用的部件的规范性引用文件在第2章中给出。
4.1.2 部件在下列情况下不需要符合规范性引用文件中的具体要求:
a) 涉及在本文件所涵盖的产品中,应用该部件时不需要的特性;或
b) 被本文件的要求所替代的。
4.1.3 任何部件应在符合其设定的条件下使用。
4.1.4 如某部件的结构特性不完整或性能上有限制时。此部件仅可在受限条件下使用,例如温度应不超过规定的限制并在相关特定条件使用。
4.2 承载氢气和其他流体的部件
4.2.1 通则
4.2.1.1 承载压力或流体部件应对该流体耐受。
4.2.1.2 氢系统加注接口应符合GB/T 30718-2014的要求。
4.2.1.3 接触氢气的金属部件应能耐受ISO/T R15916所述的氢脆。如采用ISO/T R15916所述材料以外的材料,可根据ISO 11114-4或GB/T 23606-2009对氢脆敏感性进行评估。
4.2.1.4 承载流体的部件应考虑可能受大气腐蚀或可能造成流体泄漏导致危险情况的风险,该部件应由耐腐蚀材料制作,或涂覆耐腐蚀的防护涂层。
4.2.1.5 任何涉及氢气以外流体密封安全的弹性体部件,如果发生泄漏(例如,电气部件和接触液体的部件之间的垫片)将产生危险。如适用,则该部件应当满足GB/T 24135-2009、ISO 1421、ISO 13226、GB/T 23658-2009和GB/T 18426-2001规定的应用条件。
4.2.1.6 用于氢气密封的弹性体部件应满足氢气环境使用要求。应考虑ISO/T R15916中概述的弹性材料作为参考和指导。材料在初始及热处理(根据使用温度)后的抗拉强度和伸长率应根据5.20的方法评估。
4.2.2 管道、软管和管件
4.2.2.1 当输送气体或蒸气的压力超过103.4kPa(表压),或液体压力超过1103kPa,或温度超过
120℃时,管道和相关部件的设计、制造和测试应符合ISO 15649的规定。
4.2.2.2 低于4.2.2.1规定的压力和/或温度水平下使用的管道和非金属管道应根据本文件的要求进行评估,同时考虑所用的材料、流体及压力和温度等使用条件。用于氢气或甲醇燃料的非金属管道的设计、制造和测试应符合4.2.2.6的附加要求。
4.2.2.3 燃料电池发电系统外所使用涉及的氢气或甲醇燃料的非金属软管,受物理应力的影响,应符合流体静压试验、附着力(橡胶)、弹性、低温弹性、耐臭氧(橡胶外保护层的软管)、耐紫外线(塑料覆盖的软管)、气体渗透性、导电性、以及ISO 14113规定的端部接头测试,材料应满足氢燃料的使用要求,或液体(甲醇等)符合4.2.1的要求。软管长度大于1.5m时,应采用不锈钢丝编织加固。
4.2.2.4 柔性金属连接件及相关配件在用于输送氢气时,应符合ISO 10806和ISO 10380的要求。
4.2.2.5 氢燃料管道应最大限度地减少摩擦,并保持排气系统部件和电气系统部件至少51mm 的间隙。​
5安全性能要求和型式试验
5.1总则
5.2振动试验
5.2.1通则
6例行试验
6.1绝缘耐电压试验
在生产中所有产品应进行5.11中规定的测试。
7标识
7.1通则
应对燃料电池发电系统上所有需要注意安全的部位进行标识,安全标识应符合GB 2894的规定。
7.2发电系统的标识
每个燃料电池发电系统都应配备有数据铭牌及标签的组合,保证易读,便于系统正确安装和使用。标识中应清楚说明使用限制,尤其应说明燃料电池发电系统应在具有足够通风条件的区域使用。铭牌/标签应包括以下内容:
a)制造商的名称(带商标)与地址﹔
b)型号和产品名称;
c)发电系统的序列号和生产日期;
d)燃料电池的类型;
e)电输出参数(额定功率/电压/电流类型/频率/相);
f)辅助功率消耗;
g)尺寸;
h)重量(发电系统重量、配置重量);
8说明书
8.1概述
说明书的一般要求如下:
a)燃料电池发电系统应提供中文使用说明书﹔
b)按照8.2-8.4的要求,说明书应包括维修、操作和安装说明;
c)说明书应包括线路图和燃料管线布置图;
d)操作和储存说明应描述在使用时燃料可能造成的危害,以及采取的预防措施;
e)在燃料电池和/或工业车辆安装手册中应包括安装、维护、充电和搬运的信息;
f)手册中应包括关于破损燃料电池的回收和处理的信息。
附录A(资料性)本文件与IEC 62282-4-101:2014规范性引用文件的差异
附录B(资料性)压力条款的比较
参考文献