Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 11022-2011 Common specifications for high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear standards. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 11022-2011:
——The original"General"in Clause 1 has been modified as "Scope" in Clause 1 and "Normative references"in Clause 2, and the content of "Scope"has also been modified (see Clauses 1 and 2, or Clause 1 of 2011 Edition);
——The terms "internal insulation", "site pollution severity class", "highest voltage for equipment", "supply voltage (of auxiliary and control circuits)" and "thermal time constant" are added (see Clause 3);
——The content of "Normal and special service conditions" is moved to Clause 4 (see Clause 4, or Clause 2 of 2011 Edition);
——The ambient air temperature range in "Normal service conditions"has been modified (see 4.1, or 2.2 of 2011 Edition);
——The original Figure 1 "altitude correction factor" and calculation formula have been deleted (see 2.3.2 of 2011 Edition);
——The pollution requirements and ambient air temperature range for indoor application under "Special service conditions" has been added (see 4.2.3 and 4.2.4);
——The wind speed requirements under "Special service conditions" has been modified, and the requirement for "ice coating" has been deleted (see 4.2.6, or 2.3.6 and 2.3.7 of 2011 Edition);
——The description of rated values has been added (see 5.1.);
——The rated voltage class and rated insulation level applicable to switchgear of generator system have been added, and the calculation method of additional voltage in column (3) and column (5) has been added in Table 1 (see 5.2 and 5.3);
——The rated insulation level of rated voltage range II has been modified (see 5.3, or 4.3 of 2011 Edition);
——The original "rated current" has been changed into "rated continuous current" (see 5.5, or 4.5 of 2011 Edition);
——The peak coefficients of rated peak withstand current at different time constants and rated frequencies have been added (see 5.7);
——The original 4s requirement of the rated short-circuit duration has been changed into 1s (see 5.8, or 4.8 in 2011 Edition);
——The title of the original subclause "Closing and opening devices and auxiliary and control circuits" has been changed into "Auxiliary and control circuits", and the corresponding content has been modified (see 5.9 and 5.10, or 4.9 and 4.10 in 2011 Edition).
——The requirements for "tolerance", "ripple voltage", "voltage drop" and "power interruption" in the original rated voltage have been deleted (see 4.9.3, 4.9.4 and 4.9.5 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirement that "the diameter of fastening screws and bolts shall not be less than 12mm" in "Earthing of switchgear and controlgear" has been deleted (see 5.3 of 2011 Edition);
——The normal operation of electrical circuit has been added (see 6.4.1);
——The requirements for "enclosure" in the original "Auxiliary and control equipment" have been deleted (see 5.4.2 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirement for "Protection against electric shock" have been modified (see 6.4.2, or 5.4.3 in 2011 Edition);
——The content of "fire hazard" have been deleted (see 4.5.4 of 2011 Edition);
——The requirements for "Manually operated actuators" have been added (see 6.8);
——The original "Low-pressure and high-pressure locking and monitoring device" and its content has been modified as "Pressure/liquid level indication" and requirements (see 6.10, or 5.9 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirements for "nameplate" have been modified and Table 9 has been added (see 6.11, or 5.10 in 2011 Edition) ;
——The content of the protection level of "Protection against mechanical impact of equipment under normal service conditions (IK code)" (Table 7 of 5.13.4 in 2011 Edition).
——The requirements for the maximum permissible value of the relative leakage rate of "closed pressure system for gas" have been modified (see 6.16.3, r 5.15.3 in 2011 Edition);
——The tightness requirements for controlled pressure system for liquid and closed pressure system for liquid have been deleted (see 5.16.2 and 5.16.3 in 2011 Edition);
——"Filling pressure/levels for insulation and/or switching and operation" have been added (see 6.22);
——The type test requirements related to plant transfer and off-site production [see item b) of 6.1.1 in 2011 Edition];
——The grouping of type tests and the quantity of test objects have been deleted (see 6.1.2 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirement that "the type test report of performance verification shall be used together with the original type test report" [see item c) of 7.1.1];
——The requirements of "A statement that the test object complies with the drawings submitted" and "the location, laboratory name where the tests were conducted and date of test" have been added in "Information to be included in type test report" (see 7.1.3, or 6.1.4 in 2011 Edition);
——The test criterion in item b) of 7.2.5 has been modified (see 6.2.5 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirements for the polarity of test voltage processing as well as the descriptions of the symbols used in Tables 10-13 have been added (see 7.2.6 and notes in Tables 10-13);
——The voltage values applied by terminals on both sides in the optimal method (see 7.2.7.2, or 6.2.7.2 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirements for voltage distribution of the phase-to-phase insulation test in switching impulse voltage test has been modified (see 7.2.8.3, or 6.2.8.3 in 2011 Edition);
——Application scope of radio interference voltage (RIV) test has been modified (see 7.3, or 6.3 in 2011 Edition);
——Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test and resistance measurement of contacts and connections in the main circuit as a condition check have been added (see 7.4.3 and 7.4.4);
——The original "temperature rise test" has been changed into "continuous current test", and content of the original "temperature rise" have been included (see 7.5, or 4.5.2 and 6.5 in 2011 Edition);
——The rated current values of switchgear and controlgear that may be tested after connecting the three poles in series in the continuous current test have been modified (see 7.5.2, or 6.5.2 in 2011 Edition);
——"OG" (oxidizing gas) and "NOG" (non-oxidizing gas) have been introduced to replace the original "gas" and "SF6" respectively (see Table 14 of 7.5.5.1, or Table 3 of 4.5.2 in 2011 Edition);
——The temperature rise/temperature limits of components in Tables 1, 2 and 4 have been modified (see Table 14 of 7.5.5.1, or Table 3 of 4.5.2 in 2011 Edition);
——Accessible surface categories and their corresponding permissible temperature rise/temperature limits have been added (see Table 14 of 7.5.5.1);
——The standard ambient air temperature during the tightness test has been added, and the acceptable ambient air temperature range during the test has been provided (see 7.8.1.1, or 6.8.1 in 2011 Edition);
——The requirements of recording the curve of applied voltage for radio interference levels have been deleted (see 6.9.1 in 2011 Edition).
——The test voltages (common mode/differential mode) of the oscillatory wave immunity test have bee modified (see 7.9.2.3, or 6.9.2.4 in 2011 Edition);
——The steady-state damp heat test in the additional tests of auxiliary and control circuits has been deleted (see 6.10.5.4 in 2011 Edition);
——The test criterion of X-ray test of vacuum interrupter has been added (see 7.11.3);
——The informative Annexes E, H and I of the previous edition have bee deleted.
——Annex A (informative) has bee added.
——Annex B (informative) has bee added;
This standard is modified IEC 62271-1:2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear.
Compared with IEC 62271-1:2017, this standard is structurally changed, and the annex numbers have been adjusted according to the sequence mentioned in the text.
The main technical differences with respect to IEC 62271-1:2017 and their reasons are as follows:
——The adjustments on technical differences are made for the normative references of this standard to adapt to the technical conditions in China, which are mainly reflected in Clause 2 "Normative references", with the following specific content:
● IEC 60038:2009 has been replaced by GB/T 156-2017, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC 60071-1:2006 has been replaced by GB/T 311.1-2012, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC 60071-2:1996 has been replaced by GB/T 311.2-2013, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC 60296 has been replaced by GB 2536, which is modified in relation to international standard;
● IEC 60050(441):1984 is replaced by GB/T 2900.20-2016, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC 60270 has been replaced by GB/T 7354, which is modified in relation to international standard;
● IEC 60480 has been replaced by GB/T 8905, which is modified in relation to international standard;
● IEC/TR CISPR 18-2 has been replaced by GB/T 11604, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC 60060-1:2010 has been replaced by GB/T 16927.1-2011, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
● IEC/TS 60815-1:2008 has been replaced by GB/T 26218.1-2010, which is modified in relation to international standard.
● IEC/TS 60815-2:2008 has been replaced by GB/T 26218.2-2010, which is modified in relation to international standard.
● IEC/TS 60815-3:2008 has been replaced by GB/T 26218.3-2011, which is modified in relation to international standard.
● IEC 60050-131:2002, IEC 60050-151:2001, IEC 60050-192:2015, IEC 60050-351, IEC 60050-441:1984, IEC 60050-551, IEC 60001 IEC 60050-605, IEC 60050-614:2016, IEC 60050-811, IEC 60050-826:2004, IEC 60068-2-1:2007, IEC 60068-2-2:2007, IEC 60068-2-30:2005, IEC 60376, IEC 61000-6-5 and IEC 62271-4 have been deleted;
● References for GB/T 762, GB/T 2423 (all parts), GB/T 4025, GB/T 4728.1, GB/T 4796.1, GB/T 4797 (all parts), GB/T 4798 (all parts), GB/T 5169 (all parts), GB/T 5465.2, GB/T 6113 (all parts), GB/T 11023, GB/T 12022, GB/T 13540, GB/T 17627, GB/T 25840, GB/T 28534, GB/T 28537, GB/T 28811 and GB/T 34662 have been added.
——The applicable voltage range and frequency range have been modified to meet the actual situation of China's power grid (see Clause 1).
——Subclauses 3.4.1 and 3.4.2 have been deleted, and 3.4 was revised as "3.4 switching device, no specific definition", because it has been defined in GB/T 2900.20, and is not made here again.
——The rated voltage values of range I and range II have been modified to meet the actual situation of China's power grid (see 5.2).
——The rated voltage and rated insulation level of switchgear of generator system have been added to meet the needs of switchgear of generator system (see 5.2 and 5.3).
——The rated insulation levels of range I and range II have been modified to meet the requirements of insulation coordination in China (see 5.3).
——The calculation method of additional voltage in column (3) and column (5) of Table 1 have been added (see 5.3).
——Tables 2 and 4 of IEC 62271-1:2017 have been deleted, because they are not applicable to China's voltage.
——The DC time constants of 133ms and 150ms have been added, and the corresponding peak coefficients have been provided to meet the needs of switchgear of generator system (see 5.7).
——The optimal value of rated short-circuit duration has been modified to meet the actual requirements of China's power grid (see 5.8).
——The requirement of "if the power supply voltage is less than or equal to 30% of the rated power supply voltage, it shall not be tripped" has been added to meet the actual situation in China (see 6.9).
——The lower limit value of power supply voltage has been modified from "70% (DC)" to "65% (DC)" to meet the actual situation in China (see 6.9.3).
——The requirements of type test cycle have been added to conform to the actual situation in China (see 7.1.1).
——The voltage values applied by the terminals on both sides in 7.2.7.2 optimization method have been modified to ensure the unity of the test voltage.
——The voltage distribution requirements for the phase-to-phase insulation test in 7.2.8.3 has been modified to ensure the consistency of the test.
——The test voltage requirements in 7.2.12 condition inspection have been modified and Note 2 has been added to conform to the actual situation in China.
——The ambient temperature during tightness testing has been modified to coordinate with the relevant standards in China (see 7.8.1.1).
——The Annex I (informative) in IEC 62271-1:2017 has been deleted because it is not applicable to the China's standards.
The editorial modifications of this standard are present as follows:
——In order to be consistent with the available standard series, the name of this standard has been changed to Common specifications for high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear standards.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this standard may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this standard shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This standard was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee 65 on High-voltage Switch Gear of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 65).
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 2706-1989;
——GB 763-1990;
——GB 11022-1989, GB/T 11022-1999 and GB/T 11022-2011.
Common specifications for high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear standards
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, service conditions, rated values, design and structure, as well as requirements of type test and routine test of high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear.
This standard is applicable to alternating-current switchgear and controlgear designed and installed indoors/outdoors and operating in power systems with ≥3kV voltage and ≤50Hz frequency.
This standard is applicable to all high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standards for specific types of switchgear and controlgear.
Note 1: In order to facilitate the use of this standard, the voltage range of high-voltage switchgear generally refers to the rated voltage of 3.6kV or above. In practice, the rated voltage range of medium-voltage switchgear is usually 3.6kV-63kV；The rated voltage range of high voltage switchgear is 72.5kV-252kV. The rated voltage range of extra-high voltage switchgear is 363kV-800kV. The rated voltage range of ultra-high voltage switchgear is 1100kV or above.
Note 2: The high-voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear with rated frequency of 60Hz may refer to this standard.
Note 3: The high voltage alternating-current switchgear and controlgear applied to electrified railway power supply and distribution system may refer to this standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 156-2007 Standard voltages (IEC 60038:2009, MOD)
GB/T 311.1-2012 Insulation co-ordination—Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (IEC 60071-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 311.2-2013 Insulation co-ordination—Part 2: Application guide (IEC 60071-2:1996, MOD)
GB/T 762 STANDARD current ratings (GB/T 762-2002, IEC 60059:1999, EQV)
GB/T 2423 (all parts) Environmental testing—Part 2: Test methods
GB 2536 Fluids for electrotechnical applications—Unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgear (GB 2536-2011, IEC 60296:2003, MOD)
GB/T 2900.20-2016 Electrotechnical terminology—High-voltage switchgear and controlgear (IEC 60050(441):1984, MOD)
GB/T 4025 Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface (MMI), marking and identification—Actuating principles (GB/T 4025-2010,IEC 60073:2002,IDT)
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529:2013, IDT)
GB/T 4585 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on a.c.systems (GB/T 4585-2004, IEC 60507:1991, IDT)
GB/T 4728.1 Graphical symbols for electrical diagrams—Part 1: General information (GB/T 4728.1-2018,IEC 60617 data-base,MOD)
GB/T 4796.1 Classification of environmental conditions—Environmental parameters and their severities (IEC 4796.1-2017, IEC 60721-1:2002, IDT)
GB/T 4797(all parts) Classification of environmental conditions—Environmental conditions appearing in nature
GB/T 4798 (all parts) Classification of environmental conditions—Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities
GB 4824 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment—Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement (GB 4824-2019, CISPR 11:2015, IDT)
GB/T 5095.2 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment Basic testing procedures and measuring methods—Part 2: General examination, electrical continuity and contact resistance tests, insulation tests and voltage stress tests (GB/T 5095.2-1997, IEC 60512-2:1985, IDT)
GB/T 5169 (all parts) Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products
GB/T 5465.2 Graphical symbols for use on electrical equipment—Part 2: Graphical symbols (GB/T 5465.2-2008, IEC 60417:2007, IDT)
GB/T 6113 (all parts) Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods [CISPR 16 (all parts)];
GB/T 7354 High-voltage test techniques—Partial discharge measurements (GB/T 7354-2018, IEC 60270:2000, MOD)
GB/T 8905 The guide for management and measuring SF6 gas in electrical equipment (GB/T 8905-2012, IEC 60480:2004, MOD)
GB/T 11021 Electrical insulation—Thermal evaluation and designation (GB/T 11021-2014, IEC 60085:2007, IDT)
GB/T 11023 Test method of SF6 gas tightness for high-voltage switchgear
GB/T 11287 Electrical relays—Part 21: Vibration, shock, bump and seismic tests on measuring relays and protection equipment—Section one: Vibration tests (sinusoidal) (GB/T 11287-2000, IEC 60255-21-1:1988, IDT)
GB/T 11604 Testing procedure of radio interference generated by high voltage equipment (GB/T 11604-2015, IEC/TR CISPR 18-2:2010, MOD).
GB/T 12022 Industrial sulfur hexafluoride
GB/T 13540 Seismic qualification for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear (GB/T 13540-2009, IEC 62271-2:2003, MOD)
GB/T 6927.1-2011 High-voltage test techniques—Part 1: General definitions and test requirements (IEC 60060-1:2010, MOD)
GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test (GB/T 17626.4-2018, IEC 61000-4-4:2012, IDT)
GB/T 17626.11 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage dips,short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests (GB/T 17626.11-2008, IEC 61000-4-11:2004, IDT)
GB/T 1 7626.17 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port immunity tests (GB/T 17626.17-2005, IEC 61000-4-17:2002, IDT)
GB/T 17626.18 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Oscillatory waves immunity test (GB/T 17626.18-2016, IEC 61000-4-18:2011, IDT)
GB/T 17626.29 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port immunity tests (GB/T 17626.29-2006, IEC 61000-4-29:2000, IDT)
GB/T 17627 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment—Definitions, test and procedure requirements, test equipment (GB/T 17627-2019, IEC 61180:2016, MOD).
GB/T 17799.2 Electromagnetic compatibility—Generic standards—Immunity for industrial environments (GB/T 17799.2-2003, IEC 61000-6-2:1999, IDT)
GB/T 20138 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts (IK code) (GB/T 20138-2006, IEC 62262:2002, IDT)
GB 21711.7-2018 Electromechanical elementary relays—Part 7: Test and measurement procedures (IEC 61810-7:2006, IDT)
GB/T 25840 Guidance concerning the permissible temperature rise for parts of electrical equipment in particular for terminals (GB/T 25840-2010, IEC/TR 60943:2009, IDT).
GB/T 26218.1-2010 Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions—Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles (IEC/TS 60815-1:2008, MOD)
GB/T 26218.2-2010 Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions—Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c.systems (IEC/TS 6081 5-2:2008, MOD)
GB/T 26218.3-2011 Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions—Part 3: Composite insulators for a.c.systems (IEC/TS 60815-3:2008, MOD)
GB/T 28534 The health and environmental impact on release of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) used in high-voltage switchgear and controlgear (GB/T 28534-2012, IEC 62271-303:2008, MOD).
GB/T 28537 Use and handling of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) in high-voltage switchgear and controlgear (GB/T 28537-2012, IEC 62271-303:2008, MOD)
GB/T 28811 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Digital interfaces based on IEC 61850 (GB/T 28811-2012, IEC 62271-3:2006, MOD)
GB/T 34662 Electrotechnical equipment—Temperatures of touchable hot surfaces (GB/T 34662-2017, IEC Guide 117:2010, IDT).
IEC 61850 (all parts) Communication networks and systems for power utility automation
IEC TR 62271-306 High voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 306: Guide to IEC 62271-100, IEC 62271-1 and other IEC standards related to alternating current circuit-breakers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.20-2016 and the following apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions specified in GB/T 2900.20-2016 are listed below.
Note: Terms and definitions are classified according to GB/T 2900.20-2016. For consistency, references other than GB/T 2900.20-2016 are classified according to the classification method in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
switchgear and controlgear
general term covering switching devices and their combination with associated control, measuring, protective and regulating equipment, also assemblies of such devices and equipment with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 3.1]
3.1.2
external insulation
distances in atmospheric air and along the surfaces in contact with atmospheric air of solid insulation of the equipment which are subject to dielectric stresses and to the effects of atmospheric and other environmental conditions (such as pollution, humidity and vermin) from the site
[GB/T 2900.57-2008, definition 604-03-02]
3.1.3
internal insulation
internal distances of the solid, liquid or gaseous parts of the insulation of equipment which are protected from the effects of atmospheric and other external conditions
[GB/T 2900.57-2008, definition 604-03-03]
3.1.4
degree of protection
extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against ingress of solid foreign objects and/or ingress of water and against mechanical impact
Note: Modified definition 3.3 in GB/T 4208-2017.
3.1.5
IP code
coding system to indicate the degrees of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, ingress of solid foreign objects, ingress of water and to give additional information in connection with such protection
Note: Modified definition 3.4 in GB/T 4208-2017.
3.1.6
protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts
protection of persons against:
- contact with hazardous low-voltage live parts;
- contact with hazardous mechanical parts;
- approach to hazardous high-voltage live parts below adequate clearance inside an enclosure.
Note 1: This protection may be provided:
- by means of the enclosure itself;
- by means of barriers as part of the enclosure or distances(gaps) inside the enclosure.
Note 2: Modified definition 3.6 in GB/T 4208-2017.
3.1.7
IK code
coding system to indicate the degree of protection provided by an enclosure against harmful external mechanical impacts
[GB/T 20138-2006, definition 3.3]
3.1.8
maintenance
combination of all technical and management actions intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it may perform as required
Note 1: Management is assumed to include supervision activities.
Note 2: Modified definition 192-06-01 in GB/T 2900.99-2016.
3.1.9
visual inspection
visual investigation of the principal features of the switchgear and controlgear
Note 1: This inspection is generally directed toward pressures and/or levels of fluids, tightness, position of relays, pollution of insulating parts, but actions such as lubricating, cleaning, washing, etc. which may be carried out with the switchgear and controlgear in service are also included.
Note 2: Observations resulting from inspection may lead to the decision to carry out overhaul.
Note 3: This inspection may be used for determining the state of tested objects on e.g. cracks in solid insulators.
3.1.10
diagnostic test
comparative test of the characteristic parameters of switchgear and controlgear to verify that it performs its functions, by measuring one or more of these parameters
Note: The result from a diagnostic test may lead to the decision to carry out overhaul.
3.1.11
overhaul
work performed with the objective of repairing or replacing parts in order to restore the component and/or the switchgear and controlgear to an acceptable condition (within tolerance)
Note: Out-of-tolerance parts may be determined by inspection, test, inspection or according to the requirements of the maintenance manual of the manufacturer. Replacing parts may be determined by inspection, diagnostic test, examination or as required by manufacturer's maintenance manual.
3.1.12
failure
loss of ability to perform as required
Note 1: A failure of an item is an event that results in a fault of that item.
Note 2: Qualifiers, such as catastrophic, critical, major, minor, marginal and insignificant, may be used to categorize failures according to the severity of consequences, the choice and definitions of severity criteria depending upon the field of application.
Note 3: Qualifiers, such as misuse, mishandling and weakness, may be used to categorize failures according to the cause of failure.
Note 4: Modified definition 192-03-01 in GB/T 2900.99-2016.
3.1.13
major failure (of switchgear and controlgear)
failure of switchgear and controlgear which causes the cessation of one or more of its fundamental functions
Note: A major failure may result in an immediate change in the system operating conditions, for example, the backup protective equipment will be required to remove the fault or will result in mandatory removal from service within 30 min for unscheduled maintenance.
3.1.14
minor failure (of switchgear and controlgear)
any failure of a constructional element or a subassembly which does not cause a major failure of the switchgear and controlgear
3.1.15
defect
imperfection in the state of an item (or inherent weakness) which may result in one or more failures of the item itself, or of another item under the specific service or environmental or maintenance conditions, for a stated period of time
3.1.16
ambient air temperature
temperature, determined under prescribed conditions, of the air surrounding the complete switching device or fuse
Note: For switching devices or fuses installed inside an enclosure, it is the temperature of the air outside the enclosure.
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 3.13]
3.1.17
monitoring
observation of the operation of a system or part of a system to verify correct functioning by detecting incorrect functioning, this being done by measuring one or more variables of the system and comparing the measured values with the specified values
Note: Some definitions are given for this term in GB/T 2900 (all parts). They are related to different cases of application.
3.1.18
supervision
activity, performed either manually or automatically, intended to observe the state of an item
Note: Automatic supervision may be performed internally or externally to the item.
3.1.19
site pollution severity class
classification of pollution severity at a site, from very light to very heavy, as a function of the SPS (site pollution severity)
Note 1: Five pollution levels are qualitatively defined from very light to very heavy: a-very light, b-light, c-medium, d-heavy and e-very heavy.
Note 2: Modified definition 3.1.13 in GB/T 26218.1-2010.
3.1.20
Non-sustained destructive discharge (NSDD)
disruptive discharge associated with current interruption that does not result in the resumption of power frequency current or, in the case of capacitive current interruption, does not result in current in the main load circuit
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear
3.2.1
test object
equipment needed to represent the switchgear and controlgear for a particular type
3.3 Parts of assemblies
3.3.1
transport unit
part of switchgear and controlgear intended for transportation without being dismantled
3.3.2
busbar
low-impedance conductor to which several electric circuits may be connected at separate points
Note: In most cases, the bus bar is composed of rod-shaped conductors.
[GB/T 2900.83-2008, definition 151-12-30]
3.4 switching devices
no specific definition
Note: The specific definition of specific switching device may be found in GB/T 2900.20 or specific product standards.
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear
3.5.1
enclosure
housing affording the type and degree of protection suitable for the intended application
Note 1: Enclosures provide protection of persons or livestock against access to hazardous parts. Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means (whether attached to the enclosure or formed by the enclosed equipment) suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes, are considered as a part of the enclosure, if they are secured in position either by means of interlocks, keys, or by hardware requiring a tool to be removed.
Note 2: Modified definition 826-12-20 in GB/T 2900.71-2008.
3.5.2
hazardous part
part that is hazardous to approach or touch
[GB/T 4208-2017, definition 3.5]
3.5.3
contact (of a mechanical switching device)
conductive parts designed to establish circuit continuity if they touch and which, due to their relative motion during an operation, open or close a circuit or, in the case of hinged or sliding contacts, maintain circuit continuity
Note: Modified definition 7.5 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.4
auxiliary circuit (of a switching device)
all the conductive parts of a switching device which are intended to be included in a circuit other than the main circuit, the earthing circuit and the control circuits of the device
Note 1: Some auxiliary circuits fulfill supplementary functions such as signaling, interlocking, etc., and, as such, they may be part of the control circuit of another switching device.
Note 2: Modified definition 7.4 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.5
control circuit (of a switching device)
all the conductive parts (other than the main circuit) of a switching device which are included in a circuit used for the closing operation or opening operation, or both, of the device
Note: Modified definition 7.3 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.6
auxiliary switch (of a mechanical switching device)
switch containing one or more control and/or auxiliary contacts mechanically operated by a switching device
Note: Modified definition 7.11 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.7
control switch (for control and auxiliary circuits)
mechanical switching device which serves the purpose of controlling the operation of switchgear or controlgear, including signaling, electrical interlocking, etc.
Note 1: A control switch consists of one or more contact elements with a common actuating system.
Note 2: Modified definition 6.44 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.8
auxiliary contact
contact included in an auxiliary circuit and operated by the switching device
Note: Modified definition 7.10 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.9
control contact
contact included in a control circuit of a switching device and operated by this device
Note: Modified definition 7.9 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.10
connection (bolted or the equivalent)
two or more conductors designed to ensure permanent circuit continuity if forced together by means of screws, bolts or the equivalent
3.5.11
position indicating device
part of a mechanical switching device which indicates whether it is in the open, closed, or where appropriate, earthed position
Note: Modified definition 7.39 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.12
monitoring device
device intended to observe automatically the status of an item
3.5.13
pilot switch
non-manual control switch actuated in response to specified condition of an actuating quantity
Note: The actuating quantity may be pressure, temperature, velocity, liquid level, elapsed time, etc.
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 6.46]
3.5.14
partition (of an assembly)
part of an assembly separating one compartment from other compartments
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 5.7]
3.5.15
actuator
part of the actuating system to which an external actuating force is applied
Note: The actuator may take the form of a handle, knob, push-button, roller, plunger, etc.
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 7.36]
3.5.16
splice
connecting device with barrel(s) accommodating electrical conductor(s) with or without additional provision to accommodate and secure the insulation
Note: Modified definition 581-24-19 in GB/T 4210-2015.
3.5.17
terminal
point of interconnection of an electric circuit element, an electric circuit or a network with other electric circuit elements, electric circuits or networks
Note 1: For an electric circuit element, the terminals are the points at which or between which the related integral quantities are defined. At each terminal, there is only one electric current from outside into the element.
Note 2: The term "terminal" has a related meaning in GB/T 2900.83-2008.
Note 3: Modified definition 131-11-11 in GB/T 2900.74-2008.
3.5.18
terminal block
assembly of terminals in a housing or body of insulating material to facilitate interconnection between multiple conductors
Note: Modified definition 581-26-26 in GB/T 4210-2015.
3.5.19
contactor
mechanical contactor
mechanical switching device having only one position of rest, operated otherwise than by hand, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions including operating overload conditions
Note 1: Contactors may be designated according to the method by which the force for closing the main contacts is provided.
Note 2: Modified definition 6.31 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.20
starter
combination of all the switching means necessary to start and stop a motor in combination with suitable overload protection
Note 1: Starters may be designated according to the method by which the force for closing the main contacts is provided.
Note 2: Modified definition 6.36 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.5.21
vacuum interrupter
component being part of a switching device in which electrical contacts operate in a highly evacuated, hermetically sealed environment
3.5.22
operation counter
device indicating the number of operating cycles a mechanical switching device has accomplished
3.5.23
coil
set of series-connected turns, usually coaxial
Note: Modified definition 151-13-15 in GB/T 2900.83-2008.
3.5.24
auxiliary and control circuits
- control and auxiliary circuits, mounted on or adjacent to the switchgear or controlgear, including circuits in central control cubicles;
- equipment for monitoring, diagnostics, etc. that is part of the auxiliary circuits of the switchgear or controlgear;
- circuits connected to the secondary terminals of instrument transformers, that are part of the switchgear or controlgear
3.5.25
subassembly (of auxiliary and control circuits)
part of auxiliary and control circuits, with regard to function or position, having its own interface and normally placed in a separate enclosure
3.5.26
interchangeable subassembly (of an auxiliary and control circuits)
subassembly which is intended to be placed in various positions within an auxiliary and control circuits, or intended to be replaced by other similar subassemblies
Note: An interchangeable subassembly has an accessible interface.
3.5.27
interlocking device
device which makes the operation of a switching device dependent upon the position or operation of one or more other pieces of equipment
[GB/T 2900.20-2016, definition 7.31]
3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear
3.6.1
dependent power operation (of a mechanical switching device)
operation by means of energy other than manual, where the completion of the operation is dependent upon the continuity of the power supply (to solenoids, electric or pneumatic motors, etc.)
Note: Modified definition 8.14 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.6.2
stored energy operation (of a mechanical switching device)
operation by means of energy stored in the drive mechanism itself prior to the completion of the operation and sufficient to complete it under predetermined conditions
Note 1: This kind of operation may be subdivided according to:
- the manner of storing the energy (spring, weight, etc.);
- the origin of the energy (manual, electric, etc.);
- the manner of releasing the energy (manual, electric, etc.).
Note 2: Modified definition 8.15 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.6.3
independent unlatched operation
stored energy operation where energy is stored and released in one continuous operation such that the speed and force of the operation are independent of the rate of applied energy
Note: The energy stored for the operation may originate from the operator (manual) or a power source.
3.6.4
positively driven operation
operation which, in accordance with specified requirements, is designed to ensure that auxiliary contacts of a mechanical switching device are in the respective positions corresponding to the open or closed position of the main contacts
Note 1: A positively driven operating device is made by the association of a moving part, linked mechanically to the main contact of the primary circuit, without the use of springs, and a sensing element. In the case of mechanical auxiliary contacts, this sensing element may be simply the fixed contact, directly connected to the secondary terminal. In the case where the function is achieved electronically, the sensing element may be a static transducer (optical, magnetic, etc.) associated with a static switch, or associated with an electronic or electro-optic transmitting element.
Note 2: Modified definition 8.12 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.6.5 Terms and definitions relative to pressure (or density)
3.6.5.1
rated filling pressure pre (or density ρre) for insulation and/or switching
pressure (in Pa), for insulation and/or for switching, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, to which the assembly is filled before being put into service, or automatically replenished
3.6.5.2
rated filling pressure prm (or density ρrm) for operation
pressure (in Pa), for operation, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, to which the energy storage device is filled before being put into service or automatically replenished
3.6.5.3
alarm pressure pae (or density ρae) for insulation and/or switching
pressure (in Pa), for insulation and/or for switching, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, at which a monitoring signal may be provided
3.6.5.4
alarm pressure pam (or density ρam) for operation
pressure (in Pa), for operation, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, at which a monitoring signal from the energy storage device may be provided
3.6.5.5
minimum functional pressure pme (or density ρme) for insulation and/or switching
pressure (in Pa), for insulation and/or for switching, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, at which and above which rated characteristics of switchgear and controlgear are maintained
3.6.5.6
minimum functional pressure pmm (or density ρmm) for operation
pressure (in Pa), for operation, referred to the standard atmospheric air conditions of 20℃ and 101.3kPa (or density), which may be expressed in relative or absolute terms, at which and above which rated characteristics of switchgear and controlgear are maintained and at which a replenishment of the energy storage device becomes necessary
Note: This pressure is often designated as interlocking or lockout pressure.
3.6.6 Terms and definitions relating to gas and vacuum tightness
3.6.6.1
controlled pressure system for gas
volume which is automatically replenished from an external compressed gas supply or internal gas source
Note 1: Examples of controlled pressure systems are air-blast circuit-breakers or pneumatic drive mechanisms.
Note 2: A volume may consist of several permanently connected gas-filled compartments.
3.6.6.2
closed pressure system for gas
volume which is replenished if needed by manual connection to an external gas source
Note: Example of closed pressure systems are SF6 single-pressure circuit-breakers.
3.6.6.3
sealed pressure system
volume for which no further liquid, gas or vacuum processing is required during its expected operating duration
Note 1: Examples of sealed pressure systems are vacuum interrupters or some SF6 circuit-breakers.
Note 2: Sealed pressure systems are completely assembled and tested in the factory.
Note 3: Expected operating duration starts when the device is sealed.
3.6.6.4
absolute leakage rate
F
amount of gas escaped by time unit
Note: The absolute leakage rate is usually expressed in Pa×m3×s-1.
3.6.6.5
permissible leakage rate
Fp
maximum permissible absolute leakage rate of gas specified for a part, a component or a sub-assembly, or by using the tightness coordination chart, for an arrangement of parts, components or subassemblies connected together in one pressure system
3.6.6.6
relative leakage rate
Frel
absolute leakage rate related to the total amount of gas in the system at filling pressure (or density)
Note 1: The relative leakage rate is expressed in percentage per year or per day.
3.6.6.7
time between replenishments
tr
time elapsed between two replenishments performed manually if the pressure (density) reaches the alarm level, to compensate the leakage rate F
Note 1: This value is applicable to closed pressure systems.
3.6.6.8
number of replenishments per day
N
number of replenishments to compensate the leakage rate F in a 24-hour continuous period. This value is applicable to controlled pressure systems.
3.6.6.9
pressure drop
∆p
drop of pressure in a given time caused by the leakage rate F, without replenishment
3.6.6.10
tightness coordination chart
survey document supplied by the manufacturer, used if testing parts, components or sub-assemblies, to demonstrate the relationship between the tightness of a complete system and that of the parts, components and/or sub-assemblies
3.6.6.11
sniffing
action of slowly moving a leak meter sensing probe around an assembly to locate a gas leak
3.6.6.12
cumulative leakage measurement
measurement which takes into account all the leaks from a given assembly to determine the leakage rate
3.6.7 Terms and definitions relating to liquid tightness
3.6.7.1
absolute leakage rate
Fliq
amount of liquid escaped by time unit
Note: The absolute leakage rate is usually expressed in cm 3×s-1.
3.6.7.2
permissible leakage rate
Fp(liq)
maximum permissible leakage rate specified by the manufacturer for a liquid pressure system
3.6.7.3
number of replenishments per day
Nliq
number of replenishments to compensate the leakage rate Fliq
3.6.7.4
pressure drop
∆Pliq
drop in pressure in a given time caused by the leakage rate Fliq without replenishment
3.7 Characteristic quantities
3.7.1
isolating distance (of a pole of a mechanical switching device)
clearance between open contacts meeting the withstand voltage requirements specified for disconnectors
Note: Modified definition 9.32 in GB/T 2900.20-2016.
3.7.2
rated value
value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating conditions of a component, device, equipment or system
Note: Modified definition 151-16-08 in GB/T 2900.83-2008.
3.7.3
highest voltage for equipment
Um
greatest value of phase-to-phase voltage (RMS value) for which the equipment is designed in respect of its insulation as well as other characteristics which relate to this voltage in the relevant equipment standards
Note 1: Under normal service conditions specified by the relevant apparatus committee this voltage may be applied continuously to the equipment.
Note: Modified definition 604-03-01 in GB／T 2900.57-2008.
3.7.4
supply voltage (of auxiliary and control circuits)
RMS value or, if applicable, the DC value, of the voltage existing at a given instant at a point of supply, measured over a given time interval
Note 1: If a supply voltage is specified for instance in the supply contract, then it is called "declared supply voltage".
Note 2: The supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits is measured at the circuit terminals of the apparatus itself during its operation, including, if necessary, the auxiliary resistors or accessories supplied or required by the manufacturer to be installed in series with it, but not including the conductors for the connection to the electricity supply.
Note 3: Modified definition 614-01-03 IEC 60050-614:2016.
3.7.5
thermal time constant
time required for a switchgear to reach a steady temperature rise under adiabatic conditions
4 Normal and special service conditions
4.1 Normal service condition
4.1.1 General
Unless otherwise specified, high-voltage switchgear and controlgear, including the operating devices and the auxiliary equipment which form an integral part of them, are intended to be used in accordance with their rated characteristics and the normal service conditions listed in 4.1.
Operation under normal service conditions is considered to be covered by the type tests according to this document and relevant product standard.
4.1.2 Indoor switchgear and controlgear
The normal service conditions for indoor switchgear and controlgear are:
a) the ambient air temperature does not exceed 40℃ and its average value, measured over a period of 24h does not exceed 35℃. The ambient air temperature does not drop below –5℃;
b) there is no influence from solar radiation;
c) the altitude does not exceed 1000m;
d) the ambient air is not significantly polluted by dust, smoke, corrosive and/or flammable gases, vapors or salt and would be considered as having site pollution severity class (SPS) "a" according to GB/T 26218.1-2010;
e) the conditions of humidity are as follows:
— The average value of the relative humidity, measured over a period of 24h, does not exceed 95%;
— The average value of the water vapor pressure, over a period of 24h, does not exceed 2.2kPa;
— The average value of the relative humidity, over a period of one month, does not exceed 90%;
— The average value of the water vapor pressure, over a period of one month, does not exceed 1.8kPa.
Note 1: Condensation may be expected where sudden temperature changes occur in periods of high humidity.
Note 2: High humidity may also be due to ground level rainwater or for underground applications, from incoming cable raceways connected to switchgear.
f) vibrations due to causes external to the switchgear and controlgear or earth tremors do not exceed the impact of vibrations caused by operation of the switchgear itself.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Normal and special service conditions
4.1 Normal service condition
4.2 Special service condition
5 Ratings
5.1 General
5.2 Rated voltages (Ur)
5.3 Rated insulation level (Ud, Up, Us)
5.4 Rated frequency fr
5.5 Rated continuous current (Ir)
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (Ik)
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (Ip)
5.8 Rated duration of short-circuit (tk)
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (Ua)
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems
5.12 Rated filling pressure/levels for insulation and/or switching
6 Design and construction
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear
6.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear
6.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits
6.5 Dependent power operation
6.6 Stored energy operation
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation)
6.8 Manually operated actuators
6.9 Operation of releases
6.10 Pressure/liquid level indication
6.11 Nameplates
6.12 Locking devices
6.13 Position indication
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness
6.17 Tightness of liquid
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability)
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
6.20 X-ray emission
6.21 Corrosion
6.22 Filling pressure/levels for insulation and/or switching and operation
7 Type tests
7.1 General
7.2 Insulation test
7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test
7.4 Circuit resistance measurement
7.5 Continuous current test
7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests
7.7 Verification of the protection
7.8 Tightness tests
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)
7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
7.11 X-radiation test for vacuum interrupters
8 Routine tests
8.1 General
8.2 Dielectric test on the main circuit
8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit
8.5 Tightness test
8.6 Design and visual checks
9 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear
9.1 General
9.2 Selection of rated values
9.3 Cable-interface considerations
9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions
9.5 Environmental aspects
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders
10.1 General
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders
10.3 Information with tenders
11 Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions and maintenance
11.1 General
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation
11.3 Installation
11.4 Operating instructions
11.5 Maintenance
12 Safety
12.1 General
12.2 Precautions by manufacturers
12.3 Precautions by users
13 Influence of the product on the environment
Annex A (Informative) Pollution levels and minimum nominal unified specific creepage distance across external insulation of switchgear
Annex B (Informative) References for auxiliary and control circuit components
Annex C (Informative) List of symbols
Annex D (Normative) Method for the weatherproofing test for outdoor switchgear and controlgear
Annex E (Normative) Tolerances on test quantities during tests
Annex F (Informative) Extension of validity of type tests
Annex G (Normative) Identification of test objects
Annex H (Normative) Determination of the equivalent RMS value of a short-time current during a short-circuit of a given duration
Annex I (Informative) Information and technical requirements to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders
Annex J (Informative) Electromagnetic compatibility on site
Bibliography
