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Introduction Mounted digital display electric measuring instruments are installed in various power distribution cabinets and boxes, which are widely used in industrial and mining enterprises, electric power, metallurgy, chemical engineering, energy, medical and transportation, etc. The application scenarios are constantly widened. The Edition 2008 of GB/T 22264 series of standards has been issued and used for more than 10 years. With the changes of technology and market, it can no longer adapt to the development of technology and the needs of users. GB/T 22264 aims to standardize the technical specifications and safety requirements of mounted digital display electric measuring instruments in combination with the latest product technologies and user requirements at home and abroad, and put forward corresponding test methods, so as to provide a product specification for manufacturers and users who use such electric measuring instruments, reflecting most requirements of product ordering technical specifications. This revision intends to modify the title of Part 8 of GB/T 22264. GB/T 22264 covers the following eight parts: ——Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common to all parts; ——Part 2: Special requirements for ammeters and voltmeters; ——Part 3: Special requirements for wattmeters and varmeters; ——Part 4: Special requirements for frequency meters; ——Part 5: Special requirements for phase meters and power factor meters; ——Special requirements for insulation resistance meters; ——Part 7: Special requirements for multi-function instruments; ——Part 8: Test methods. In recent years, the international safety requirements for the product have become increasingly stringent. This revision, combined with IEC 61010-1:2010 and GB/T 17215.211-2021, has modified the safety-related content, clarified the terms used, and improved product safety performance. Mounted digital display electric measuring instruments — Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common to all parts 1 Scope This standard specifies terms and definitions, product classification, grading and conformity, technical requirements, information, general signs and symbols, packaging, storage and transportation, and inspection rules for mounted digital display electric measuring instruments. This standard is applicable to newly manufactured mounted digital display electric measuring instruments for measuring various electric parameters in power distribution systems with nominal frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz below 750 V DC and 690 V AC. Note: The above-mentioned "in power distribution system below 750V DC" does not apply to frequency meter, phase meter and power factor meter. This document is applicable to the following mounted electric measuring instruments with digital display for measuring electric parameters: ——ammeter and voltmeter; ——wattmeter and varmeter; ——frequency meter; ——phase meter and power factor meter; ——insulation resistance meter; ——multi-function instruments of any two or more combinations of the above forms; ——digital display part of electrical measuring instrument with dual analogue-digital display. This document is not applicable to: ——electric measuring instruments having only direct-action analog indications; ——portable digital display electric measuring instruments; ——special purpose instruments for which other standards (or industry standards) apply. Note: This document does not specify the size of the instrument. See GB/T 1242-2000 for the size requirements of the instrument. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing — Part 2: Test methods — Tests A: Cold GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2:Test methods — Tests B: Dry heat GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Test method — Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) GB/T 2423.5-2019 Environmental testing—Part 2: Test methods—Test Ea and guidance: Shock GB/T 2423.10-2019 Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests methods — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) GB/T 2829-2002 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of process stability) GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 5169.10-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products — Part 10: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods — Glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product GB/T 16927.1 High-voltage test techniques — Part 1: General definitions and test requirements GB/T 17215.9311-2017 Electricity metering equipment — Dependability — Part 311: Accelerated reliability testing — Elevated temperature and humidity GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Electrostatic discharge immunity test GB/T 17626.3 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility — Testing and Measurement Techniques — Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity Test GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Surge immunity test GB/T 17626.6 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields GB/T 17626.11 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests GB/T 17626.18 Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity test GB/T 25480-2010 Basic environmental conditions and testing methods for transportation and storage of instruments CISPR 32:2015 Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment — Emission requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 17215.9311-2017 and the following apply. 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 electric measuring instrument instrument for measuring electrical quantity or non-electrical quantity by electrical or electronic methods [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-04, modified] 3.1.2 digital display instrument measuring instrument that displays the measurand value in digital form [Source: IEC 60050-300: 2001, 312-02-10] Note 1 to entry: This term refers only to the form of the display and not to the operating principle of the instrument. Note 2 to entry: Unless otherwise specified, all AC quantities stated in this document are root mean square (r.m.s.) values. 3.1.3 dual analogue-digital display method of indicating the measurand with a digital display and a light band scale [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-05-09, modified] 3.1.4 single function instrument instrument for measuring only one electrical or non-electrical parameter [Source: IEC 60050-300: 2001, 312-02-22] 3.1.5 multi-function instrument instrument with a single display that measures more than one electrical parameter or non-electrical parameter (e.g., current, voltage, and power) [Source: IEC 60050-300: 2001, 312-02-23] 3.1.6 ammeter measuring instrument of current [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-01, modified] 3.1.7 voltmeter measuring instrument of voltage [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-03, modified] 3.1.8 wattmeter measuring instrument of power [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-06, modified] 3.1.9 varmeter measuring instrument of reactive power [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-07] 3.1.10 frequency meter instrument for measuring the frequency of periodic quantities [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-12, modified] 3.1.11 phase meter instrument that measures the phase difference between two AC quantities of the same frequency, using one of them as the reference phase [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-13] 3.1.12 power factor meter instrument for measuring the ratio of active power to apparent power in a circuit [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-14] 3.1.13 insulation resistance meter instrument for measuring insulation resistance [Source: GB/T 2900.79-2008, 313-01-11] 3.1.14 warm-up time time duration between the moment of energization and the moment when the instrument is ready for use, as specified by this standard [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-18, modified] 3.1.15 preconditioning time time elapsed from the moment the specified measurand value is added to the internal test circuit to the moment when the instrument reaches the required accuracy [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-19, modified] 3.1.16 preliminary adjustment pre-operation for adjustment of the instrument adjustable mechanism as required by the product technical documentation 3.1.17 peak factor ratio of the peak of the periodic volume to its root mean square value [Source: IEC 60050-103: 2009, 103-06-15] 3.1.18 distortion factor ratio of the root mean square of the harmonic content to the root mean square of the fundamental wave content [Source: OIML R 46-1/-2:2012, 2.2.13] 3.2 Terms of instrument structure characteristics 3.2.1 measuring circuit (of an instrument) internal circuit part of a meter that is powered by voltage and current, one or both of which are the major factors in determining the measured display value 3.2.2 current circuit measuring circuit through which the current is equal to or proportional to the current connected to an instrument Note: The current may be: ——the current directly measured; ——proportional current supplied by external current transformer; ——current introduced by external shunt. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-01-01, modified] 3.2.3 voltage circuit measuring circuit on which the voltage applied is the voltage of the circuit to which the instrument is connected Note: The voltage may be: ——voltage directly measured; ——proportional voltage supplied by external voltage transformer or voltage divider; ——voltage divided by external series resistor or impedance. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-01-02, modified] 3.2.4 auxiliary supply AC or DC supply other than the measured quantity 3.3 Input-related terms 3.3.1 input terminal connection terminal applying the measured (converted) quantity to the instrument 3.3.2 input signal signal applied to the input 3.3.3 overload amount of input load exceeding the upper limit of the measuring range is overload, which is expressed by its difference [Source: GB/T 2900.1-2008, 3.3.148, modified] 3.3.4 transformation ratio of a current transformer ratio of primary current to secondary current of current transformer [Source: IEC 60050-321: 1986, 321-01-17] 3.3.5 transformation ratio of a voltage transformer ratio of primary voltage to secondary voltage of voltage transformer [Source: IEC 60050-321: 1986, 321-01-18] 3.3.6 series mode voltage unwanted part of the input voltage superimposed on the measured voltage Note: Typical examples of series mode voltages are induced voltages, such as ripples or thermoelectric EMFs on a DC current signals. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-01-04] 3.3.7 common mode voltage part with the same amplitude and phase or polarity in each input voltage present between each input terminal and the reference point Note: The reference point may be the chassis end, the measuring ground end or an inaccessible point. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-01-03] 3.3.8 series mode rejection ratio; SMRR ratio of a series mode voltage causing a specified change in the output information to a voltage causing the same change in the output caused by the measurand Note 1: Series mode rejection ratio is generally expressed in decibels and is dependent on frequency, waveform and measurement method. Note 2: Series mode rejection ratio can also be applied to for quantities other than voltage. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-06-22] 3.3.9 common mode rejection ratio; CMRR ratio of the voltage applied between the specified reference point and the input terminal (when connected by a specified circuit) to the voltage applied between the input terminals to produce the same output Note 1: Common mode rejection ratio is generally expressed in decibels and is dependent on frequency, waveform and measurement method. Note 2: Common mode rejection ratio may also be applied to quantities other than voltage. [Source: GB/T 2900.89-2012, 312-06-21] 3.4 Output-related terms 3.4.1 output terminal connection terminal that provides measured output information in the form of a specified voltage (current) or outputs in a specified impedance state 3.4.2 output signal analog or digital representation of the measurand generated through the instrument [Source: GB/T 2900.90-2012, 314-04-06, modified] 3.5 Terms related to instrument performance 3.5.1 performance characteristics of the ability of the instrument to achieve the expected function [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-06-11, modified] 3.5.2 measuring range range limited by the two values of the measurand, within which the error limit of the instrument is specified Note: An instrument may be used for several measuring ranges. [Source: GB/T 290077-2008, 311-03-12, modified] 3.5.3 span algebraic difference between the upper and lower limits of the measuring range [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-13] 3.5.4 reference conditions values and (or) ranges specified for a set of influence quantities under which the allowable error limits of the instrument are minimized [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-06-02, modified] 3.5.5 reference value specified value of a certain influence quantity under reference conditions [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-07-01] 3.5.6 reference range specified range of influence quantity values under reference conditions [Source: GB/T 290077-2008, 311-07-02] 3.5.7 intrinsic error error of instrument in use under reference conditions [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-08, modified] Note: This term is used to approximate the "true value". 3.5.8 accuracy class classification of instruments, each of which shall conform to a set of specifications for errors [Source: GB/T 290077-2008, 311-06-09, modified] 3.5.9 full scale value upper limit of measuring range Note: The full scale value may not be the maximum display value. 3.5.10 nominal value quantity against which the relative performance of the instrument is determined 3.5.11 nominal voltage Un voltage value against which the relative performance of the instrument is determined 3.5.12 nominal current In current value against which the relative performance of the instrument is determined 3.5.13 nominal frequency fn frequency value against which the relative performance of the instrument is determined 3.5.14 variation difference between the display values of the instrument for the same measured value or the difference between the values of the material measure when two different values are successively taken for a certain influence quantity [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-07-03, modified] 3.5.15 nominal range of use value range specified for the influence quantity, in which the variation caused by the influence quantity does not exceed the specified value [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-07-05] 3.5.16 operating error error of performance characteristic obtained at any point within the nominal range of use 3.5.17 resolution smallest observable change in the display value that causes the measurand to change [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-03-10, modified] 3.5.18 stability ability of an instrument to maintain its performance characteristics constant over a specified time interval when all other conditions are equal Note: It may be divided into short-term (24 h) stability and long-term (over 90 d) stability in terms of the length of time. [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-06-12, modified] 3.5.19 repeatability degree of consistency between continuous measurements of the same measurand under the same measuring conditions. The same measuring conditions are as follows: ——the same measuring steps; ——the same observer; ——use the same measuring instrument under the same conditions; ——in the same laboratory; ——the time interval is relatively short. [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-06-06] 3.5.20 response time time required to apply an input signal at a specified quantity until its display value stabilizes within a specified error range 3.5.21 step response time duration from the moment when the measurand undergoes a specified abrupt change to the moment when the displayed value reaches and maintains its steady-state value within a specified limit [Source: GB/T 2900.77-2008, 311-06-04, modified] 3.5.22 polarity response time duration from the moment when the input signal is applied at a specified value to the moment when the polarity of the display value changes 3.5.23 overload recovery time duration from the moment when the specified overload input signal is removed to the moment when the display value of the instrument reaches a stable value within the measuring range 3.6 Terms related to inspection 3.6.1 type test conformity test on one or several instruments of the same type selected by the manufacturer to verify that the type of instrument meets all the requirements specified in this document 3.6.2 routine inspection end-of-manufacturing inspection conformity evaluation of each product in manufacturing or after completion 3.6.3 periodic inspection inspection to determine whether the stability of the production process within the specified period meets the requirements, from a batch by batch inspection of a batch or several batches of samples taken from the inspection 4 Product classification, grading and conformity 4.1 Classification 4.1.1 Classification by measured electrical parameters It may be divided into single-function instrument and multi-function instrument such as ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter, varmeter, frequency meter, phase meter, power factor meter, insulation resistance meter, etc. 4.1.2 Classification by measurement methods of voltage and current It may be divided into root-mean-square measuring instrument and non-root-mean-square measuring instrument. 4.1.3 Classification by phase of measurement It may be divided into single-phase instrument and multi-phase instrument. 4.1.4 Classification by property of measuring circuit It may be divided into DC instrument and AC instrument. 4.1.5 Classification by power supply It may be divided into self-supply instrument and instrument with auxiliary supply. 4.1.6 Classification by the access modes of the measurand to the instrument It may be divided into direct access instrument and indirect access instrument. 4.1.7 Classification by display modes It may be divided into all-digital display and digital display with trend display (analog indication). Contents Foreword i Introduction vi 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 General terms 3.2 Terms of instrument structure characteristics 3.3 Input-related terms 3.4 Output-related terms 3.5 Terms related to instrument performance 3.6 Terms related to inspection 4 Product classification, grading and conformity 4.1 Classification 4.2 Grading 5 Technical requirements 5.1 Standard electric quantity 5.2 Reference conditions and intrinsic errors 5.3 Nominal range of use and variation 5.4 Safety requirements 5.5 Electrical requirements 5.6 Accuracy and performance requirements 5.7 Electromagnetic compatibility 5.8 Structural requirements 5.9 Climate impacts 5.10 Reliability 6 Information, conventional signs and symbols 6.1 Information 6.2 Signs, symbols and their locations 6.3 Marking of nominal range of use and reference value or reference range 6.4 Marks and symbols for terminals 7 Inspection rules 7.1 Type test 7.2 Routine tests (End-of-manufacturing inspection) 7.3 Periodic inspection 8 Packaging, storage and transportation 8.1 Packaging 8.2 Storage and transportation Annex A (Nominative) Allowable error and changes Annex B (Nominative) Relation between relative humidity and ambient temperature Annex C (Informative) Peck temperature-humidity model Bibliography Figure B.1 Relationship between ambient temperature and relative humidity Table 1 Groups of use Table 2 Standard nominal voltage Table 3 Standard nominal current Table 4 Reference conditions and allowable deviations Table 5 Nominal range of use limits and allowable variation Table 6 Surface temperature limits under normal operating condition Table 7 Temperature limits for terminals Table 8 Peak pulse voltages Table 9 AC voltage (r.m.s value) Table 10 Power consumption Table 11 Electromagnetic compatibility test grade and technical requirements Table 12 Temperature and test duration of high temperature test Table 13 Temperature and duration of low temperature test Table 14 Symbols for Instruments Table 15 Information display location ICS 17.220.20 CCS N 23 GB 中华人民共和国国家标准 GB/T 22264.1—2022 代替GB/T 22264.1—2008 安装式数字显示电测量仪表 第1部分:定义和通用要求 Mounted digital display electric measuring instruments— Part 1:Definitions and general requirements common to all parts 2022-04-15发布 2022-11-01实施 国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会 发布 前言 本文件按照GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分:标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。 本文件是GB/T 22264的第1部分。GB/T 22264已经发布了以下部分: ——第1部分:定义和通用要求; ——第2部分:电流表和电压表的特殊要求; ——第3部分:功率表和无功功率表的特殊要求; ——第4部分:频率表的特殊要求; ——第5部分:相位表和功率因数表的特殊要求; ——第6部分:绝缘电阻表的特殊要求; ——第7部分:多功能仪表的特殊要求; ——第8部分:推荐的试验方法。 本文件代替GB/T 22264.1—2008《安装式数字显示电测量仪表 第1部分:定义和通用要求》,与GB/T 22264.1—2008相比,除结构调整和编辑性改动外,主要技术变化如下: ——更改了范围,增加了“本文件适用于新制造的直流750V以下和交流690V以下、标称频率为50Hz或60Hz的配用电系统中测量各种电参量的安装式数字显示电测量仪表”(见第1章,2008年版的第1章)。 ——根据电工术语标准,结合实际修改了术语和定义(见第3章,2008年版的第3章): · 增加了电流表、电压表、功率表、参比值、参比范围、标称电压、标称电流等术语和定义; · 删除了外部测量线路、辅助线路、输入电流和电压的最大允许值、输入零电流、输入阻抗、输入量、辅助端、辅助输出信号、输出信息、输出状态、输出阻抗、额定值的术语和定义; · 更改了电测量仪表、模拟/数字双显示、预热时间、预处理时间、过负载、测量范围、阶跃响应时间等术语和定义。 ——更改了分类方式: · 增加了“按测量电流的属性分类:可分为直流仪表和交流仪表”(见4.1.4); · 增加了“按被测量接入仪表方式分类:可分为直接接入式仪表和间接接入式仪表”(见4.1.6); · 将“使用工作条件分类”改为“按环境条件分类”,组别增加了Ⅲ组:-40℃~70℃(3K7级),相对湿度更改为“不大于95%”(见4.1.9)。 ——增加了标准电量值(见5.1)。 ——更改了表4参比条件及允许偏差(见5.2.1.2,2008年版的5.1.2、表2): · 将“交流被测量的频率”改为“频率(直流仪表、频率表除外)”,其参比值或参比范围“45Hz~65Hz”改为“标称频率值”,允许偏差±0.3%; · 影响量增加了电压(电流表、电压表除外)、标称频率的外电场; · 将交流供电波形允许偏差“β=0.05”改为“畸变因数的1%”。 ——增加了基本误差公式中误差系数a、b由制造商给出的规定(见5.2.2)。 ——删除了满度值的定义和相位表及功率因数表满度值相关规定(见2008年版的5.3)。 ——更改了表5标称使用范围限值和允许改变量(见5.3.1,2008年版的6.1): · 将“相对湿度”改为“相对湿度(无凝露)”,其标称使用范围限值“93%”改为“95%”; · 影响量增加了电压(电流表、电压表除外); · 将“交流被测量的频率”改为“频率(直流仪表、频率表除外)”,其标称使用范围限值“见各相关部分”改为“标称频率值的±2%”; · 将交流供电波形标称使用范围限值“β=0.5”改为“畸变因数的5%”; · 将直流供电电压的纹波标称使用范围限值“ΔV/V0≤1%”改为“4%”。 ——细化了有关安全要求,有助于配用电系统安全性能的提高与核查(见5.4,2008年版的7.1)。 ——更改了自热的技术要求(见5.5.1,2008年版的7.2.1)。 ——更改了温升电压/电流电路施加的限值(见5.5.2,2008年版的7.2.2)。 ——更改了多功能仪表显示器的显示规定(见5.5.4.2,2008年版的7.2.4.2)。 ——将“输出接口”改为“输入输出接口”(见5.5.5,2008年版的7.2.5)。 ——增加了“数据输入接口”“输入输出接口的防护”相关内容(见5.5.5.1、5.5.5.4)。 ——更改了对电磁骚扰的抗扰度的技术要求,电快速瞬变脉冲群试验等级2级改为4级(见5.7.1,2008年版的7.4.1)。 ——增加了结构通用要求(见5.8.1)。 ——更改了振动试验和冲击试验条款(见5.8.5,2008年版的6.5.5、6.5.6)。 ——更改了高温、低温、交变湿热条款(见5.9.1、5.9.2、5.9.3,2008年版的7.6.3、7.6.4、7.6.5)。 ——更改了“平均寿命”技术要求,并将“平均寿命”改为“可靠性”(见5.10,2008年版的7.7)。 ——更改了信息(见6.1,2008年版的9.1): · 将“被测量单位”改为“被测量名称或单位”; · 将“制造厂给出的参考型号(若有时)”改为“产品型号”; · 将“额定值”改为“标称值”; · 删除了“显示位数为 位及以上仪表的温度参比值或参比范围”“安装等级”“污染等级”“各量程的输入阻抗值”等信息; · 增加了测量范围。 ——更改了仪表用标志符号表格(见表14,2008年版的表6): · 增加了C-1~C-11安全符号; · 删除了F-31、F-42、F-43通用符号。 ——更改了包装、贮存与运输条款(见第8章,2008年版的第8章)。 ——增加了规范性附录“相对湿度和环境温度的关系”(见附录B)。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由中国机械工业联合会提出。 本文件由全国电工仪器仪表标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 104)归口。 本文件于2008年8月首次发布,本次为第一次修订。 引言 装式数字显示电测量仪表安装在各种配电柜、配电箱中,广泛应用于工矿企业、电力、冶金、化工、能源、医疗和交通等领域,应用场景不断拓宽。2008年版的GB/T 22264系列标准颁布使用已有10余年,随着技术和市场的变化,已不能适应技术的发展和用户需求。 GB/T 22264旨在结合国内外最新产品技术和用户需求,规范安装式数字显示电测量仪表的技术规范和安全要求,并提出相应的试验方法,为制造商和使用此类电测量仪表的用户提供一个产品规范,体现产品订货技术规范的大部分要求。 此次修订,拟修改GB/T 22264的第8部分的名称。GB/T 22264由以下8个部分构成: ——第1部分:定义和通用要求; ——第2部分:电流表和电压表的特殊要求; ——第3部分:功率表和无功功率表的特殊要求; ——第4部分:频率表的特殊要求; ——第5部分:相位表和功率因数表的特殊要求; ——第6部分:绝缘电阻表的特殊要求; ——第7部分:多功能仪表的特殊要求; ——第8部分:试验方法。 近年来,国际上对产品的安全要求越来越严格,此次修订,结合IEC 61010-1:2010和GB/T 17215.211-2021,修改了安全相关内容,明确了使用的条款,提高了产品安全性能。 安装式数字显示电测量仪表 第1部分:定义和通用要求 1 范围 本文件规定了安装式数字显示电测量仪表的术语和定义,产品分类、分级和符合性,技术要求,信息、通用标志和符号,包装、贮存与运输以及检验规则。 本文件适用于新制造的直流750V以下和交流690V以下、标称频率为50Hz或60Hz的配电系统中测量各种电参量的安装式数字显示电测量仪表。 注:上述提及的“直流750V以下的配电系统中”不适用于频率表、相位表和功率因数表。 本文件适用于以下具有数字显示的测量电参量的安装式电测量仪表: ——电流表和电压表; ——功率表和无功功率表; ——频率表; ——相位表和功率因数表; ——绝缘电阻表; ——上述形式的任意两种及以上组合的多功能仪表; ——具有模拟/数字双显示的电测量仪表的数字显示部分。 本文件不适用于: ——只具有直接作用模拟指示的电测量仪表; ——便携式数字显示电测量仪表; ——另有国家标准(或行业标准)的特殊用途仪表。 注:本文件对仪表的尺寸要求未作规定,仪表的尺寸要求见GB/T 1242—2000。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 2423.1—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验A:低温 GB/T 2423.2—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验B:高温 GB/T 2423.4—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验Db:交变湿热(12h+12h循环) GB/T 2423.5—2019 环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验Ea和导则:冲击 GB/T 2423.10—2019 环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验Fc:振动(正弦) GB/T 2829—2002 周期检验计数抽样程序及表(适用于对过程稳定性的检验) GB/T 4208—2017 外壳防护等级(IP代码) GB/T 5169.10—2017 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第10部分:灼热丝/热丝基本试验方法 灼热丝装置和通用试验方法 GB/T 13384 机电产品包装通用技术条件 GB/T 16927.1 高电压试验技术 第1部分:一般定义及试验要求 GB/T 17215.9311—2017 电测量设备 可信性 第311部分:温度和湿度加速可靠性试验 GB/T 17626.2 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 静电放电抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.3 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频电磁场辐射抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.4 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.5 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 浪涌(冲击)抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.6 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频场感应的传导骚扰抗扰度 GB/T 17626.11 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电压暂降、短时中断和电压变化的抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.18 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 阻尼振荡波抗扰度试验 GB/T 25480—2010 仪器仪表运输、贮存基本环境条件及试验方法 CISPR 32:2015 多媒体设备的电磁兼容性 辐射要求(Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment—Emission requirements) 3 术语和定义 GB/T 17215.9311—2017界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 通用术语 3.1.1 电测量仪表 electric measuring instrument 用电工或电子方法对电量或非电量测量的仪器仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-04,有修改] 3.1.2 数字显示仪表 digital display instrument 以数字形式显示被测量值的测量仪表。 [来源:IEC 60050-300:2001,312-02-10] 注1:本术语只涉及显示的形式,而不涉及仪表的工作原理。 注2:除非另有说明,本文件中所述的交流量均为方均根值(r.m.s.)。 3.1.3 模拟/数字双显示 dual analogue-digital display 用数字显示和光带标度尺表示被测量的方法。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-05-09,有修改] 3.1.4 单功能仪表 single function instrument 仅用于测量一种电参量或非电参量的仪表。 [来源:IEC 60050-300:2001,312-02-22 ] 3.1.5 多功能仪表 multi-function instrument 具有单一显示器,测量一种以上电参量或非电参量的仪表(如测量电流、电压和功率的仪表)。 [来源:IEC 60050-300:2001,312-02-23] 3.1.6 电流表 ammeter 测量电流的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-01,有修改] 3.1.7 电压表 voltmeter 测量电压的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-03,有修改] 3.1.8 功率表 wattmeter 测量功率的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-06,有修改] 3.1.9 无功功率表 varmeter 测量无功功率的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-07] 3.1.10 频率表 frequency meter 测量周期量的频率的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-12,有修改] 3.1.11 相位表 phase meter 测量两个同频率交流电量的相位差的仪表,以其中之一作为参考相位。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-13] 3.1.12 功率因数表 power factor meter 测量电路中有功功率对视在功率比值的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-14] 3.1.13 绝缘电阻表 insulation resistance meter 测量绝缘电阻的仪表。 [来源:GB/T 2900.79—2008,313-01-11] 3.1.14 预热时间 warm-up time 由本文件规定的从通电时刻到仪表可以使用时刻之间持续的时间。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-18,有修改] 3.1.15 预处理时间 preconditioning time 从规定的被测量值加到内部测试电路时刻起,到仪表达到准确度要求的时刻所经历的时间。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-19,有修改] 3.1.16 预调整 preliminary adjustment 按产品技术文件要求,对仪表可调整机构进行调整的预操作。 3.1.17 峰值因数 peak factor 周期量的峰值与其方均根值之比。 [来源:IEC 60050-103:2009,103-06-15] 3.1.18 畸变因数 distortion factor 谐波含量的方均根值与基波量的方均根值之比。 [来源:OIML R 46-1/-2:2012,2.2.13] 3.2 仪表结构特性术语 3.2.1 (仪表)测量电路 measuring circuit (of an instrument) 仪表的内部电路部分,由电压和电流供电,其中的一个或两者是决定被测量显示值的主要因素。 3.2.2 电流电路 current circuit 一种测量电路,通过它的电流等于或正比于接入仪表的电流。 注:该电流可以是: ——直接被测量的电流; ——由外接的电流互感器提供的成正比电流; ——由外接分流器引入的电流。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-01-01,有 修改] 3.2.3 电压电路 voltage circuit 一种测量电路,在其上所施加的电压是仪表所连接电路的电压。 注:该电压可以是: ——直接被测量的电压; ——由外接的电压互感器或分压器提供的成比例电压; ——外接串联电阻器或阻抗器分压的电压。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-01-02,有 修改] 3.2.4 辅助电源 auxiliary supply 除被测量以外的交流或直流电源。 3.3 与输入相关的术语 3.3.1 输入端 input terminal 把被测(转换)量施加到仪表的连接端子。 3.3.2 输入信号 input signal 施加到输入端的信号。 3.3.3 过负载 overload 输入负载超过测量范围的上限值的超出量为过负载,以其差值表示。 [来源:GB/T 2900.1—2008,3.3.148,有修改] 3.3.4 电流互感器的变比 transformation ratio of a current transformer 电流互感器初级电流与其次级电流之比。 [来源:IEC 60050-321:1986,321-01-17] 3.3.5 电压互感器的变比 transformation ratio of a voltage transformer 电压互感器初级电压与其次级电压之比。 [来源:IEC 60050-321:1986,321-01-18] 3.3.6 串模电压 series mode voltage 输入电压中叠加在被测电压上的不需要的部分。 注:串模电压的典型例子是感应电压,例如直流电流信号上的纹波或热电动势。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-01-04] 3.3.7 共模电压 common mode voltage 存在于每个输入端子与参考点之间的各输入电压中幅值和相位或极性相同的部分。 注:参考点可以是底盘端、测量地端或一个不可触及的点。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-01-03] 3.3.8 串模抑制比 series mode rejection ratio;SMRR 使输出信息发生规定变化的串模电压,与由被测量引起的能使输出产生相同变化的电压之比。 注1:串模抑制比一般用分贝表示,可与频率、波形和测量方式有关。 注2:串模抑制比也可用于电压以外的其他量。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-06-22] 3.3.9 共模抑制比 common mode rejection ratio;CMRR 加在规定参考点和输入端(用规定电路连在一起时)之间的电压与为了产生相同输出而在输入端子间需加的电压之比。 注1:共模抑制比一般用分贝表示,可与频率、波形和测量方式有关。 注2:共模抑制比也可用于电压以外的其他量。 [来源:GB/T 2900.89—2012,312-06-21] 3.4 与输出相关的术语 3.4.1 输出端 output terminal 仪表以规定的电压(电流)形式提供被测量输出信息或以规定的阻抗状态输出的连接端子。 3.4.2 输出信号 output signal 被测量经仪表产生的模拟或数字形式的表示。 [来源:GB/T 2900.90—2012,314-04-06,有修改] 3.5 关于仪表性能的术语 3.5.1 性能 performance 仪表实现预期功能的能力的特性。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-06-11,有修改] 3.5.2 测量范围 measuring range 由被测量的两个值限定的范围,在该范围内规定了仪表的误差限。 注:一台仪表可以有几个测量范围。 [来源:GB/T 290077—2008,311-03-12,有修改] 3.5.3 量程 span 测量范围上限和下限的代数差。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-13] 3.5.4 参比条件 reference conditions 规定的一组影响量的值和(或)范围,在该条件下,仪表的可容许的误差限最小。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-06-02,有修改] 3.5.5 参比值 reference value 参比条件下某一影响量的规定值。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-07-01] 3.5.6 参比范围 reference range 参比条件下影响量值的规定范围。 [来源:GB/T 290077—2008,311-07-02] 3.5.7 基本误差 intrinsic error 仪表在参比条件下使用时的误差。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-08,有修改] 注:该术语用于逼近“真值”。 3.5.8 准确度等级 accuracy class 仪表的分级,各级仪表应符合有关误差的一组规范。 [来源:GB/T 290077—2008,311-06-09,有修改] 3.5.9 满度值 full scale value 测量范围的上限。 注:满度值可以不是最大显示值。 3.5.10 标称值 nominal value 确定仪表相关性能所依据的量值。 3.5.11 标称电压 nominal voltage Un 确定仪表相关性能所依据的电压值。 3.5.12 标称电流 nominal current In 确定仪表相关性能所依据的电流值。 3.5.13 标称频率 nominal frequency fn 确定仪表相关性能所依据的频率值。 3.5.14 改变量 variation 当某一影响量相继取两个不同的值时,指示仪表对同一被测量值的显示值的差或实物量具的值的差。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-07-03,有修改] 3.5.15 标称使用范围 nominal range of use 对影响量规定的取值范围。在该范围内影响量所引起的改变量不超出规定值。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-07-05] 3.5.16 工作误差 operating error 在标称使用范围内任意一点上得到的性能特性的误差。 3.5.17 分辨力 resolution 导致显示值发生可观察到的被测量的最小变化。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-03-10,有修改] 3.5.18 稳定性 stability 在所有其他条件相同时,仪表在规定的时间间隔内保持其性能特性不变的能力。 注:按时间长短可分为短期(24h)稳定性和长期(90d以上)稳定性。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-06-12,有修改] 3.5.19 重复性 repeatability 在同样的测量条件下,同一被测量的连续测量结果相符的接近程度。同样的测量条件有: ——同样测量步骤; ——同一观测者; ——在同样的条件下使用同一测量仪表; ——在同一实验室; ——时间间隔比较短。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-06-06] 3.5.20 ——响应时间 response time 按规定的量值施加输入信号,到它的显示值达到稳定在规定的误差范围所需要的时间。 3.5.21 阶跃响应时间 step response time 从被测量经受一规定突然变化的时刻开始到显示值达到并在规定限内维持其稳态值为止的持续时间。 [来源:GB/T 2900.77—2008,311-06-04,有修改] 3.5.22 极性响应时间 polarity response time 按规定的量值施加输入信号时刻起,到引起显示值极性改变时刻为止的持续时间。 3.5.23 过负载恢复时间 overload recovery time 从去掉规定的过载输入信号起,到仪表在量程内显示值达到稳定的持续时间。 3.6 与检验相关的术语 3.6.1 型式试验 type test 为检验仪表的型式是否符合本文件规定的全部要求,而对制造商选出的同一型式的一台或多台仪表进行的符合性试验。 3.6.2 例行检验 routine inspection 出厂检验 对制造中或完成后的每一个产品所进行的符合性评价。 3.6.3 周期性检验 periodic inspection 为判断在规定周期内生产过程的稳定性是否符合规定要求,从逐批检验合格的某个批或若干批中抽取样表的检验。 4 产品分类、分级和符合性 4.1 分类 4.1.1 按测量的电参量分类 可分为电流表、电压表、功率表、无功功率表、频率表、相位表、功率因数表、绝缘电阻表等单功能仪表和多功能仪表。 4.1.2 按电压、电流的测量方式分类 可分为方均根值测量仪表和非方均根值测量仪表。 4.1.3 按测量的相分类 可分为单相仪表和多相仪表。 4.1.4 按测量电路的属 性分类 可分为直流仪表和交流仪表。 4.1.5 按供电电源分类 可分为自电源仪表和带辅助电源仪表。 4.1.6 按被测量接入仪表方式分类 可分为直接接入式仪表和间接接入式仪表。 4.1.7 按显示方式分类 可分为全数字显示,数字显示带趋势显示(模拟指示)两种。 4.1.8 按显示位数分类 可分为 , ,4, , ,5, , ,6, 等。 注:凡首位显示值不足2者称1/2位,不足6者称3/4位。 4.1.9 按环境条件分类 按温度和湿度的严酷程度,仪表可分为三个组别,对应的组别应符合表1的规定。 表1 使用组别 使用组别 温度的标称使用范围 温度的极限工作范围 相对湿度 Ⅰ -10℃~45℃(3K5级修订) -25℃~+55℃ 不大于95% Ⅱ -25℃~55℃(3K6级) -40℃~+70℃ Ⅲ -40℃~70℃(3K7级) -55℃~+85℃ 4.2 分级 4.2.1 准确度等级指数应从1-2-5 序列及其十进倍数和小数中选择,如0.05、0.1、0.2、0.5.1、2级等。 4.2.2 多功能仪表的每种功能可以有不同的等级指数。 4.2.3 对同时具有直流和交流测量功能的仪表(如电流表和电压表),可有不同的等级指数。 4.3 与本文件要求的符合性 4.3.1 检查是否遵守本文件规定的试验方法在GB/T 22264.8中给出。 4.3.2 如果为确定基本误差而规定作预处理,则制造商应说明预处理时间和被测量的值。但预处理时间不得超过30min。 4.3.3 仪表应按8.1的要求包装,以确保运输到用户后,在规定的条件下符合本文件对基本误差的要求。 5 技术要求 5.1 标准电量值 5.1.1 电压 5.1.1.1 标称电压 仪表的标称电压应等于表2所列的一个或多个标称电压。 |
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GB/T 22264.1-2022, GB 22264.1-2022, GBT 22264.1-2022, GB/T22264.1-2022, GB/T 22264.1, GB/T22264.1, GB22264.1-2022, GB 22264.1, GB22264.1, GBT22264.1-2022, GBT 22264.1, GBT22264.1 |