标准编号:	GB 4706.1-2005
中文名称:	家用和类似用途电器的安全 第1部分: 通用要求
英文名称:	Household and Similar Electrical Appliances – Safety - Part 1: General Requirements
中标分类:	K09    卫生、安全、劳动保护
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	13.120 13.120    家用品安全 13.120
发布机构:	国家质量监督检验检疫总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2005-08-26
实施日期:	2006-8-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB 4706.1-1998 家用和类似用途电器的安全 第一部分：通用要求
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	90000 字
翻译价格(元):	940.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

All provisions of this standard are compulsory.

GB 4706 is a safety standard series for household and similar electrical appliances, and consists of the following parts:

Part 1: General Requirements;

Part 2: special requirement.

This part is the first part of GB 4706.

This part is identical to IEC 60335-1 "Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1: General requirements" (Edition 4.1) (2004). In this part, the contents with corresponding national standard available references the national standards; the ones without corresponding national standard available reference IEC standards listed.

The arrangement order of Chapter 2 "normative references" in this part is different from the one of IEC 60335-1.

This part replaces GB 4706.1-1998 "Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1: General requirements". There are main differences from GB 4706.1-1998 in the following aspects:

1) Chapter 14 in this part is "transient overvoltage". In GB 4706.1-1998, this chapter is blank.

2) Add Note 5 in 19.1.

3) Add notes in 19.2 and 19.3: Controls that operate during the test of Chapter 11 are allowed to operate.

4) Cancel Note 2 from 19.9.

5) Cancel Note 1 and 3 from 19.11. Note 2 is revised as "in general, examination of the appliance and its circuit diagram will reveal the fault conditions which have to be simulated, so that testing can be limited to those cases that may be expected to give the most unfavorable results".

6) Add article 19.11.3~ 19.11.4.7 in Chapter 19, and theses articles are not specified in GB 4706.1-1998.

7) Add "The appliance shall not undergo a dangerous malfunction, and there shall be no failure of protective electronic circuits if the appliance is still operable"; this requirements is not specified in GB 4706.1-1998.

8) The explanation about Chapter 29 is added this chapter:

Appliances shall be constructed so that the clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation are adequate to withstand the electrical stresses to which the appliance is liable to be subjected.

Compliance is checked by the requirements and tests of 29.1 to 29.3.

If coatings are used on printed circuit boards to protect the microenvironment (Type A coating) or to provide basic insulation (Type B coating), Annex J applies. The micro-environment is pollution degree 1 under Type A coating. There are no creepage distance or clearance requirements under Type B coating. These requirements are not specified in GB 4706.1-1998.

9) Add article 29.1.1~ 29.1.5 in Chapter 29, and these articles are not specified in GB 4706.1-1998.

10) add article 29.2.3~ 29.1.5 in Chapter 29, and these articles are not specified in GB 4706.1-1998.

After the implementation, this part will be replaces GB 4706.1-1998 gradually, because the special requirements applied to household electric appliance used in coordination with this part may be revised and improved for a long time. Before completing these standards, this part is only applicable to the newly-revised special requirements on household electric appliance used in coordination with this part.

In this part, Annex B, Annex C Annex D, Annex, Annex F, Annex G, Annex H, Annex I, Annex J, Annex K, Annex M, Annex N and Annex R are normative; Annex A, Annex L, Annex O, Annex P and Annex Q are informative; among them, Annex I, Annex Q and Annex R are newly added.

This part is proposed by the China Light Industry Federation.

This part is explained by and under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee 46 on Household Appliances Condenser of Standardization Administration of China.

Drafting organizations: China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, Guangzhou Electric Apparatus Research Institute

Participating organization: Haier Group, Jiangsu Chunlan Refrigerating Equipment Stock Co. Ltd., China Quality Certification Center, Shanghai Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Guangzhou Electrical Safety Testing Institute, Philips Electronics Hong Kong Ltd., Chengdu Rainbow Appliance (Group) Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Shinco Air-conditionor Co., Ltd., Ningbo FOTILE Kitchen Ware Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Kangquan Electrical Water Heater Co., Ltd., Ningbo Huikang (International) Co., Ltd., Guangdong (Midea) United Refrigeration Equipment Company, Panasonic Wanbao Compressor (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Xi'an Daikin Qing'an Compressor Co. Ltd., A. O. Smith (China) Water Heater Co., Ltd., Matsushita Electric (China) Co., Ltd., Electrolux (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., Zhuhai Gree Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Ningbo AUX Air Conditioning Company

Chief drafting staffs: Han Zuolaing, Ma Dejun, Xue Shouren, Hou Quanduo, Peng Yongtian, Zhou Xiaoming, Lu Mei, Wu Liaolan, Xu Tanrong, Zheng Chongkai, Zhang Hui, Zhu Jianjun, Wang Zhongwei, Wan Huaxin, Liu Xaingdong, Gao Xiaodong, Ouyang Na, Jia Weiqiang, Xu Zhong, Zhu Yongding, Wang Yali, Xie JInxiong, Zheng Feixia, Mao Binjun

This part was firstly issued in October 1984, firstly revised in January 1992, and secondly revided in December 1998.





IEC Foreword

1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes other International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.

2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.

3) These IEC resolutions and agreement in the forms of standard, technical report or rules are published for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense.

4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.

5) While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user.

6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This part of international standard IEC 60335 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61: Safety of household and similar electrical appliances.

The fourth edition of this standard replaces the third edition (1991) and its amendment 1 (1994) and amendment 2 (1999). It forms a technical revision edition.

This standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Voting report

61/1965/FDIS 61/1998/RVD

This amendment is based on the following documents:

FDIS Voting report

61/2569/FDIS 61/2639/RVD

All data when the related standard and amendments are approved by voting can be found out in above document.

The committee has decided that the general requirements and the amendments will be implemented till 2006, and at that time, the standard will be

• reconfirmed,

• withdrawn,

• replaced by a revised edition, or

• amended.

These general requirements are to be used in conjunction with applicable special requirements. The special requirements contain Chapters to supplement or modify the corresponding (articles) Chapters in this part to provide the relevant requirements for each type of appliance.

Annexes B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, M, N and R form an integral part of this standard.

Annexes A, L, O, P and Q are for information only.

Note 1: The following annexes contain provisions suitably modified from other IEC standards:

– Annex E Needle flame test IEC 60695-2-2

– Annex F Capacitors IEC 60384-14

– Annex G Safety isolating transformers IEC 61558-1 and IEC 61558-2-6

– Annex H Switches IEC 61058-1

– Annex J Coated printed circuit boards IEC 60664-3

– Annex N Proof tracking test IEC 60112

– Annex R Software evaluation IEC 60730-1

Note 2: The following print types are used:

– requirements: in roman type;

– test specifications: in italic type;

– notes: in small roman type.

Words in bold in the text are defined in Chapter 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and associated noun are also in bold.

The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.

– Chapter 3: Steady conditions are defined (Poland).

– 3.4.2: Safety extra-low voltage shall not exceed 30 V (42.4 V peak) (USA).

– 5.7: The ambient temperature is 25 ℃ ± 10 ℃ (Japan and USA).

– 5.14: Accessible metal parts that are not liable to become energized (such as metal nameplates or decorative parts on a plastic enclosure) do not need to be earthed. Accessible non-metallic parts need only provide basic insulation (USA).

– 6.1: Class 0 appliances and class 0I appliances are not allowed (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Israel, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Singapore, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia).

– 6.2: Protection against harmful ingress of water is determined by methods other than those given in IEC 60529 (USA).

– 7.1: The IP number is not required to be marked (USA).

– 7.6: Some of these symbols are not used (USA).

– 7.8: Additional methods are permitted for identifying earthing terminals and terminals for neutral conductors (USA).

– 7.12.2: The requirements for full disconnection do not apply (Japan, USA).

– 7.14: Different tests are used (USA).

– 8.1.1: The test is not necessarily repeated with the 20 N force (USA).

– 8.1.1: Protection against contact with live parts of the lamp cap is not required (USA).

– 8.1.2 and 8.1.3: The test probe 13 and test probe 41 are not used (USA).

– 8.1.5: Built-in appliances, fixed appliances and appliances delivered in separate units are not required to be protected by at least basic insulation before installation (USA).

– Chapter 9: The ability of a motor to start without blowing a quick-acting fuse is required (USA).

– 10.1 and 10.2: Positive limits of 5 % for heating appliances and 10 % for motor-operated appliances are required and in general there are no negative deviations (USA).

– 11.4, 11.5 and 11.6: Heating appliances and heater circuits of combined appliances are operated at rated power input or rated voltage, whichever is the more severe; all other appliances and circuits are operated at rated voltage (USA).

– 11.8, table 3: Temperature rise limits for certain materials are different (USA).

– 13.2: The test circuit and some leakage current limits are different (India, USA).

– 13.3: The values of certain test voltages are different depending on the rated voltage (USA).

– 13.3: A 500 VA test transformer is used (USA).

– 15.1.1 and 15.1.2: The IP system is not used and the tests are different (USA).

– 15.3: The test is conducted with a relative humidity of (88 ± 2) % at a temperature of 32 ℃ ± 2 ℃ (USA).

– 16.2: The test is conducted at nominal supply voltage, and some of the leakage current values are different (USA).

– 16.3: Some test voltages and methods are different (USA).

– 19.1: The circuit protection device is permitted to provide necessary protection (USA).

– 19.2 to 19.4: Generally the tests are conducted at nominal supply voltage or rated power input (USA).

– 19.11: Different tests are carried out to evaluate solid state devices used in protective electronic circuits (USA).

– 19.13: The temperature rise limits of table 9 are not applicable (USA).

– 20.1: A stability test at 15° is not conducted, and an appliance tested in an overturned position is judged under abnormal test criteria (USA).

– 21.1: The impact force is applied by a falling steel ball instead of the spring hammer (USA).

– Chapter 22: The d.c. component in the appliance neutral is limited (Australia).

– 22.1: The IP system is not used and the tests are different (USA).

– 22.2: The second paragraph of this Article dealing with single-phase class I appliances with heating elements cannot be complied with because of the supply system (France and Norway).

– 22.2: Double-pole switches or protective devices are required (Norway).

– 22.2: Disconnection of the neutral is not necessary for all stationary appliances (USA).

– 22.2: The supply cord is not required to be fitted with a plug (Ireland).

– 22.3: The test is different (USA).

– 22.6: This test is not conducted (USA).

– 22.11: Different criteria for snap-on constructions are required (USA).

– 22.12: Positive forms of securement are required (USA).

– 22.14: Sharp edges are evaluated by means of a sharp edge testing device (USA).

– 22.35 and 22.36: Metal parts are generally not required to be separated by double or reinforced insulation (USA).

– 22.44: Appliances may be acceptable based on additional evaluation (USA).

– 22.46: The evaluation of software is different (USA).

– 23.5: Requirements for insulated internal wiring are different (USA).

– 23.7: The requirement only applies to wiring that is accessible when making supply connections (USA).

– 24.1.3: The number of cycles is different and the note does not apply (USA).

– 24.1.4: The number of cycles is different and note 1 does not apply (USA).

– 24.3: The requirement for full disconnection does not apply (USA).

– 25.1: The supply cord is not required to be fitted with a plug (Ireland).

– 25.3: A set of supply leads is not permitted (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands).

– 25.3: The use of a set of terminals for connection of a flexible cord is not generally permitted (USA).

– 25.8: Conductor cross-sectional areas are different (Australia, New Zealand and USA).

– 25.8: 0.5 mm2 supply cords are not allowed for class I appliances (Australia and New Zealand).

– 25.10: Green insulation is also permitted (USA).

– 25.13: Only one separate insulation is required (USA).

– 25.16: A pull of 35 lbs is applied except for small appliances. Generally the torque test is not applied (USA).

– 26.3: The tests only apply to terminals for connection to fixed wiring (USA).

– 26.6: Cross-sectional areas are specified according to American Wire Gauge (AWG) (USA).

– 27.6: The requirement does not apply (USA).

– 28.1: Generally, tests of this type are not required (USA).

– Chapter 29: The requirements for clearances and creepage distances are different (USA).

– 29.1 Different rated impulse voltages are used between 50 V and 150 V (Japan).

– 29.3 The third dashed item of the test specification does not apply (Germany).

– 30.1: The minimum value for the ball-pressure test for parts retaining live parts is 95 ℃ or 40 K higher than the Chapter 11 temperature rise. For enclosures, the minimum value is 75 ℃ or a mould-stress test is conducted at 10 K above the Chapter 11 temperature (USA).

– 30.2.1: An ignition test cannot be used to assure a slow burning rate (USA).

– Annex B, 7.12: Appliances having non-replaceable batteries shall be marked with an appropriate symbol when the batteries have a content of mercury or cadmium exceeding 0.025 % by weight (Sweden and Switzerland).

– Annex B, 21.101: The requirement is different (USA).

– Annex I: The annex applies to motors having a working voltage not exceeding 30 V (USA).



Contents

1 Scope 1

2 Normative References 1

3 Definitions 5

4 General Requirement 11

5 General Conditions for the Tests 11

6 Classification 13

7 Marking and instructions 14

8 Protection against access to live parts 19

9 Starting of motor-operated appliances 20

10 Power input and current 21

11 Heating 22

12 Void 26

13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature 26

14 Transient overvoltages 28

15 Moisture resistance 29

16 Leakage current and electric strength 31

17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits 33

18 Endurance 33

19 Abnormal operation 33

20 Stability and mechanical hazards 40

21 Mechanical strength 41

22 Construction 42

23 Internal wiring 50

24 Components 52

25 Supply connection and external flexible cords 54

26 Terminals for external conductors 60

27 Provision for earthing 63

28 Screws and connections 64

29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation 67

30 Resistance to heat and fire 72

31 Resistance to rusting 75

32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards 75

Annex A (informative) Routine tests 81

Annex B (normative) Appliances powered by rechargeable batteries 83

Annex C (normative) Ageing test on motors 85

Annex D (Normative) Thermal motor protectors 86

Annex E (Normative) Needle flame test 87

Annex F (Normative) Capacitors 88

Annex G (normative) Safety isolating transformers 90

Annex H (normative) Switches 91

Annex I (normative) Motors having basic insulation that is inadequate for the rated voltage of the appliance 92

Annex J (normative) Coated printed circuit boards 94

Annex K (normative) Overvoltage categories 95

Annex L (informative) Guidance for the measurement of clearances and creepage distances 96

Annex N (normative) Proof tracking test 99

Annex O (informative) Selection and sequence of the tests of Chapter 30 100

Annex Q (informative) Sequence of tests for the evaluation of electronic circuits 103

Annex R (normative) Software evaluation 105







 

Introduction

It has been assumed in the drafting of this international standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.

This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal situations that can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which electromagnetic phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances.

This standard takes into account the requirements of GB 16895 as far as possible so that there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply mains. However, national wiring rules may differ.

If the functions of an appliance are covered by different parts 2 of GB 4706, the relevant part 2 is applied to each function separately, as far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into account.

Note 1: Throughout this publication, when “Part 2” is mentioned, it refers to the relevant part of GB 4706.

This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.

Individual countries may wish to consider the application of the standard, as far as is reasonable, to appliances not mentioned in a part 2, and to appliances designed on new principles.

An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to have other features which impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.

An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply with the standard.

Note 2: Standards dealing with non-safety aspects of household appliances are

– IEC standards published by TC 59 concerning methods of measuring performance;

– CISPR 11, CISPR 14-1, IEC 61000-3-2 and IEC 61000-3-3 concerning electromagnetic emissions;

– CISPR 14-2 concerning electromagnetic immunity.





Household and Similar Electrical Appliances – Safety –

Part 1: General Requirements

1 Scope

This part deals with the safety of electrical appliances for household and similar purposes, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances.

Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light industry and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.

Note 1: Examples of such appliances are catering equipment, cleaning appliances for industrial and commercial use, and appliances for hairdressers.

As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account – the use of appliances by young children or infirm persons without supervision, – playing with the appliance by young children.

Note 2: Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply authorities and similar authorities.

Note 3: This standard does not apply to

– appliances intended exclusively for industrial purposes;

– appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas);

– audio, video and similar electronic apparatus (GB 8898);

– appliances for medical purposes (GB 9706.1);

– hand-held motor-operated electric tools (GB 3883.1);

– personal computers and similar equipment (GB 4943);

– transportable motor-operated electric tools (GB 13960).



2 Normative References

The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in GB 4706, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to excluding correction to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties whose enter into agreement according to these specifications are encouraged to research whether the latest editions these labels are applied or not. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document is applicable to this part.

GB 1406 Types and dimensions of Edison screw lamp caps (GB 1406-2001, eqv IEC 60061-1: 1999)

GB/T 1804 General tolerances - Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications (GB/T 1804-2000, eqv ISO 2768-1: 1989)

GB/T 2423.2 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat (GB/T 2423.2-2001, idt IEC 60068-2-2: 1974)

GB/T 2423.8 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Ed: Free fall (GB/T 2423.8-1995, idt IEC 60068-2-32: 1990)

GB 3667 A.C. motor capacitors (GB 3667-1997, idt IEC 60252: 1992)

GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (GB 4208-1993, eqv IEC 60529: 1989)

GB/T 5169.5-1997 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products-Part 2: Test methods-Section 2: Needle-flame test (idt IEC 60695-2-2: 1991)

GB/T 5169.11 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products-Test methods-Glow-wire end-product test and guidance (GB/T 5169.11-1997, idt IEC 60695-2-11: 1994)

GB/T 5169.12 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products-Test methods-Glow -wire flammability test on materials (GB/T 5169.12-1999, idt IEC 60695-2-12: 1994)

GB/T 5169.13 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products-Test methods-Glow-wire ignitability test on materials (GB/T 5169.13-1999, idt IEC 60695-2-13: 1994)

GB/T 5169.16 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products--Part 16:50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods (GB/T 5169.16-2002, IEC 60695-11-10: 1999, IDT)

GB/T 7153 Directly heated positive step-function temperature coefficient thermistors -- Part 1:Generic specification (GB/T 7153-2002, IEC 60738-1: 1998, IDT)

GB/T 12113-2003 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current (IEC 60990: 1999, IDT)

GB/T 14472-1998 Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment --Part 14: Sectional specification Fixed capacitors for electromagnetic interference suppression and connection to the supply mains (idt IEC 60384-14: 1993)

GB/T 16935.1-1997 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests (idt IEC 60664-1: 1992) IEC 60664-1

Amendment 1 (2000)

Amendment 2 (2002) )

GB 17465.1 Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes -- Part 1: General requirements (GB 17465.1-1998, eqv IEC 60320-1: 1994)

GB 17465.2 Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes -- Part 2: Interconnection couplers for household and similar equipment (GB 17465.2-1998, eqv IEC 60320-2-2: 1990)

GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility--Testing and measurement techniques--Electrostatic discharge immunity test (GB/T 17626.2-1998, idt IEC 61000-4-2: 1995)

GB/T 17626.3 Electromagnetic compatibility--Testing and measurement techniques-- Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test (GB/T 17626.3-1998, idt IEC 61000-4-3: 1995)

GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility-- Testing and measurement techniques --Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test (GB/T 17626.4-1998, idt IEC 61000-4-4: 1995)

GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility--Testing and measurement techniques--Surge immunity test (GB/T 17626.5-1999, idt IEC 61000-4-5: 1995)

GB/T 17626.6 Electromagnetic compatibility --Testing and measurement techniques --Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields (GB/T 17626.6-1998, idt IEC 61000-4-6: 1996)

GB/T 17626.11-1999 Electromagnetic compatibility Testing and measurement techniques Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests (idt IEC 61000-4-11: 1994)

IEC 61000-4-11 amendment 1 (2000) )

GB/T 17627.1 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment Part 1: Definitions, test and procedure requirements (GB/T 17627.1-1998, eqv IEC 61180-1: 1992)

GB/T 17627.2 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment Part 2: Measuring system and test equipment (GB/T 17627.2-1998, eqv IEC 61180-2: 1994)

GB 17935 Edison screw lamp holders (GB 17935-1999, idt IEC 60238: 1996)

IEC 60068-2-75 Environmental testing - Part 2-75: Tests - Test Eh: Hammer tests

IEC/TR3 60083 Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC )

IEC 60085 Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation

IEC 60112: 2003 Method for the Determination of the Proof and the Comparative Tracking Indices of Solid Insulating Materials

IEC 60127 (all parts) miniature fuses

IEC 60227 (all parts) Polyvinyl Chloride Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750 V IEC 60245 (all parts) Rubber insulated cables – Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V

IEC 60249-2-4: 1987 Base materials for printed circuits. Part 2: Specifications. Specification No. 4: Epoxide woven glass fabric copper-clad laminated sheet, general purpose grade

Amendment 1 (1989)

Amendment 2 (1992)

Amendment 3 (1993)

Amendment 4 (1994)

Amendment 5 (2000)

IEC 60249-2-5: 1987 Base Materials for Printed Circuits Part 2: Specifications Specification No. 5: Epoxide Woven Glass Fabric Copper-Clad Laminated Sheet of Defined Flammability (Vertical Burning Test)

Amendment 1 (1989)

Amendment 2 (1992)

Amendment 3 (1993)

Amendment 4 (1994)

Amendment 5 (2000)

IEC 60320-2-3 Appliance coupler for household and similar general purposes - Part 2-3: Appliance coupler with a degree of protection higher than IPX0

IEC 60417-DB: 2002 Graphical symbols for use on equipment

IEC 60598-1: 2003 Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests

IEC 60664-3: 1992 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3: Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution

IEC 60695-10-2 Fire hazard testing - Part 10-2: Abnormal heat - Ball pressure test

IEC 60730-1: 1999 Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use - Part 1: General requirements

IEC 60730-2-8: 2000 Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use - Part 2-8: Particular requirements for electrically operated water valves, including mechanical requirements

IEC 60906-1 IEC system of plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: Plugs and socket-outlets 16A 250V a.c.

IEC 60999-1: 1999 Connecting Devices - Electrical Copper Conductors - Safety Requirements for Screw-Type and Screwless-Type Clamping Units - Part 1: General Requirements and Particular Requirements for Clamping Units for Conductors from 0.2 mm Squared up to 35 mm Squared

IEC 61000-4-13 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-13: Testing and measurement techniques - Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low frequency immunity tests

IEC 61032: 1997 Protection of persons and equipment by enclsures-probes for verification

IEC 61058-1: 2000

IEC 61058-1 amendment 1 (2001) )

IEC 61558-1: 1997 Safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar products – Part 1: General requirements and tests

IEC 61558-2-6: 1997 Safety of transformers, reactors, power supply units and similar products for supply voltages up to 1 100 V - Part 2-6: Particular requirements and tests for safety isolating transformers and power supply units incorporating safety isolating transformers

IEC 61770 Electric appliances connected to the water mains - Avoidance of backsiphonage and failure of hose-sets

ISO 7000 Graphical symbols for use on equipment -- Index and synopsis

ISO 9772: 2001 Cellular plastics -- Determination of horizontal burning characteristics of small specimens subjected to a small flame

Note: if there are differences between the national standard and the referenced IEC standards, the IEC standards are referenced for concrete analysis.



3 Definitions

An Index of the defined terms is provided at the end of this publication.

3.1 When the terms “voltage” and “current” are used, they are r.m.s. values, unless otherwise specified.

3.1.1 Rated voltage

Voltage assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer

3.1.2 Rated voltage range

Voltage range assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer, expressed by its lower and upper limits

3.1.3 Working voltage maximum

Voltage to which the part under consideration is subjected when the appliance is supplied at its rated voltage and operating under normal operation.

Note 1: The different positions of controls and switching devices are taken into account.

Note 2: Working voltage takes into account resonant voltages.

Note 3: When deducing the working voltage, the effect of transient voltages is ignored.

3.1.4 Rated power input

Power input assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer

3.1.5 Rated power input range

Power input range assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer, expressed by its lower and upper limits

3.1.6 Rated current

Current assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer.

Note: If no current is assigned to the appliance, the rated current is

– For heating appliances, the current calculated from the rated power input and the rated voltage;

– For motor-operated appliances and combined appliances, the current measured when the appliance is supplied at rated voltage and operated under normal operation.

3.1.7 Rated frequency

Frequency assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer.

3.1.8 Rated frequency range

Frequency range assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer, expressed by its lower and upper limits.

3.1.9 Normal operation

Conditions under which the appliance is operated in normal use when it is connected to the supply mains.

3.1.10 Rated impulse voltage

Voltage derived from the rated voltage and the overvoltage category of the appliance, characterizing the specified withstand capability of its insulation against transient over-voltages.

3.1.11 Dangerous malfunction

Unintended operation of the appliance that may impair safety.

3.2

3.2.1 Detachable cord

Flexible cord, for supply or interconnection, intended to be connected to the appliance by means of a suitable appliance coupler.

3.2.2 Interconnection cord

External flexible cord provided as part of a complete appliance for purposes other than connection to the supply mains.

Note: A remote hand-held switching device, an external interconnection between two parts of an appliance and a cord connecting an accessory to the appliance or to a separate signalling circuit are examples of interconnection cords.

3.2.3 Supply cord

Flexible cord, for supply purposes, that is fixed to the appliance.

3.2.4 Type X attachment

Method of attachment of the supply cord such that it can easily be replaced.

Note: The supply cord may be specially prepared and only available from the manufacturer or its service agent. A specially prepared cord may include a part of the appliance.

3.2.5 Type Y attachment

Method of attachment of the supply cord such that any replacement is intended to be made by the manufacturer, its service agent or similar qualified person

3.2.6 type Z attachment

method of attachment of the supply cord such that it cannot be replaced without breaking or destroying the appliance

3.2.7 Supply leads

Set of wires intended for connecting the appliance to fixed wiring and accommodated in a compartment within or attached to the appliance

3.3

3.3.1 Basic insulation

Insulation applied to live parts to provide basic protection against electric shock.

3.3.2 Supplementary insulation

Independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation, in order to provide protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation.

3.3.3 Double insulation

Insulation system comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation.

3.3.4 Reinforced insulation

Single insulation applied to live parts, that provides a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation under the conditions specified in this standard.

Note: It is not implied that the insulation is one homogeneous piece. The insulation may comprise several layers which cannot be tested singly as supplementary insulation or basic insulation.

3.3.5 Functional insulation

insulation between conductive parts of different potential which is necessary only for the proper functioning of the appliance.

3.3.6 Protective impedance

Impedance connected between live parts and accessible conductive parts of class II constructions so that the current, in normal use and under likely fault conditions in the appliance, is limited to a safe value.

3.3.7 Class 0 appliance

Appliance in which protection against electric shock relies upon basic insulation only, there being no means for the connection of conductive accessible parts, if any, to the protective conductor in the fixed wiring of the installation, reliance in the event of a failure of the basic insulation being placed upon the environment

Note: Class 0 appliances have either an enclosure of insulating material which may form a part or the whole of the basic insulation, or a metal enclosure which is separated from live parts by an appropriate insulation. If an appliance with an enclosure of insulating material has provision for earthing internal parts, it is considered to be a class I appliance or class 0I appliance.

3.3.8 Class 0I appliance

Appliance having at least basic insulation throughout and incorporating an earthing terminal but having a supply cord without earthing conductor and a plug without earthing contact 60335-1

3.3.9 Class I appliance

Appliance in which protection against electric shock does not rely on basic insulation only but which includes an additional safety precaution, in that conductive accessible parts are connected to the protective earthing conductor in the fixed wiring of the installation in such a way that conductive accessible parts cannot become live in the event of a failure of the basic insulation Note: This provision includes a protective earthing conductor in the supply cord.

3.3.10 Class II appliance

Appliance in which protection against electric shock does not rely on basic insulation only but in which additional safety precautions are provided, such as double insulation or reinforced insulation, there being no provision for protective earthing or reliance upon installation conditions

Note 1: Such an appliance may be of one of the following types:

– an appliance having a durable and substantially continuous enclosure of insulating material which envelops all metal parts, with the exception of small parts, such as nameplates, screws and rivets, which are isolated from live parts by insulation at least equivalent to reinforced insulation; such an appliance is called an insulation-encased class II appliance;

– an appliance having a substantially continuous metal enclosure, in which double insulation or reinforced insulation is used throughout; such an appliance is called a metal-encased class II appliance;

– an appliance which is a combination of an insulation-encased class II appliance and a metal-encased class II appliance.

Note 2: The enclosure of an insulation-encased class II appliance may form a part or the whole of the supplementary insulation or of the reinforced insulation.

Note 3: If an appliance with double insulation or reinforced insulation throughout has provision for earthing, it is considered to be a class I appliance or a class 0I appliance.

3.3.11 Class II construction

Part of an appliance for which protection against electric shock relies upon double insulation or reinforced insulation

3.3.12 Class III appliance

Appliance in which protection against electric shock relies on supply at safety extra-low voltage and in which voltages higher than those of safety extra-low voltage are not generated

3.3.13 class III construction

part of an appliance for which protection against electric shock relies upon safety extra-low voltage and in which voltages higher than those of safety extra-low voltage are not generated 3.3.14 Clearance

Shortest distance in air between two conductive parts or between a conductive part and the accessible surface

3.3.15 Creepage distance

Shortest distance along the surface of insulation between two conductive parts or between a conductive part and the accessible surface

3.4

3.4.1 Extra-low voltage

Voltage supplied from a source within the appliance that does not exceed 50 V between conductors and between conductors and earth when the appliance is supplied at rated voltage

3.4.2 Safety extra-low voltage

Voltage not exceeding 42 V between conductors and between conductors and earth, the no-load voltage not exceeding 50 V

When safety extra-low voltage is obtained from the supply mains, it is to be through a safety isolating transformer or a convertor with separate windings, the insulation of which complies with double insulation or reinforced insulation requirements.

Note 1: The voltage limits specified are based on the assumption that the safety isolating transformer is supplied at its rated voltage.

Note 2: Safety extra-low voltage is also known as SELV.

3.4.3 Safety isolating transformer

Transformer, the input winding of which is electrically separated from the output winding by an insulation at least equivalent to double insulation or reinforced insulation, that is intended to supply an appliance or circuit at safety extra-low voltage

3.4.4 Protective extra-low voltage circuit

Earthed circuit operating at safety extra-low voltage which is separated from other circuits by basic insulation and protective screening, double insulation or reinforced insulation

Note 1: Protective screening is the separation of circuits from live parts by means of an earthed screen.

Note 2: A protective extra-low voltage circuit is also known as a PELV circuit.

3.5

3.5.1 Portable appliance

Appliance that is intended to be moved while in operation or an appliance, other than a fixed appliance, having a mass less than 18 kg

3.5.2 Hand-held appliance

Portable appliance intended to be held in the hand during normal use

3.5.3 Stationary appliance

Fixed appliance or an appliance which is not a portable appliance

3.5.4 Fixed appliance

Appliance that is intended to be used while fastened to a support or while secured in a specific location

3.5.5 Built-in appliance

Fixed appliance intended to be installed in a cabinet, in a prepared recess in a wall or in a similar location

3.5.6 Heating appliance

Appliance incorporating heating elements but without any motor

3.5.7 Motor-operated appliance

Appliance incorporating motors but without any heating element

Note: Magnetically driven appliances are considered to be motor-operated appliances.

3.5.8 Combined appliance

Appliance incorporating heating elements and motors

3.6

3.6.1 Non-detachable part

Part that can only be removed or opened with the aid of a tool or a part that fulfills the test of 22.11

3.6.2 Detachable part

Part that can be removed without the aid of a tool, a part that is removed in accordance with the instructions for use, even if a tool is needed for removal, or a part that does not fulfill the test of 22.11.

Note 1: If for installation purposes a part has to be removed, this part is not considered to be detachable even if the instructions state that it is to be removed.

Note 2: Components that can be removed without the aid of a tool are considered to be detachable parts.

Note 3: A part that can be opened is considered to be a part that can be removed.

3.6.3 Accessible part

Part or surface that can be touched by means of test probe B of IEC 61032, and if the part or surface is metal, any conductive part connected to it

3.6.4 Live part

Conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal use, including a neutral conductor but, by convention, not a PEN conductor

Note 1: Parts, accessible or not, complying with 8.1.4 are not considered to be live parts.

Note 2: A PEN conductor is a protective earthed neutral conductor combining the functions of both a protective conductor and a neutral conductor.

3.6.5 Tool

Screwdriver, coin or any other object that may be used to operate a screw or similar fixing means

3.7

3.7.1 Thermostat

Temperature-sensing device, the operating temperature of which may be either fixed or adjustable and which during normal operation keeps the temperature of the controlled part between certain limits by automatically opening and closing a circuit

3.7.2 Temperature limiter

Temperature-sensing device, the operating temperature of which may be either fixed or adjustable and which during normal operation operates by opening or closing a circuit when the temperature of the controlled part reaches a predetermined value

Note: It does not make the reverse operation during the normal duty cycle of the appliance. It may or may not require manual resetting.

3.7.3 Thermal cut-out

Device which during abnormal operation limits the temperature of the controlled part by automatically opening the circuit, or by reducing the current, and is constructed so that its setting cannot be altered by the user

3.7.4 Self-resetting thermal cut-out

Thermal cut-out that automatically restores the current after the relevant part of the appliance has cooled down sufficiently

3.7.5 Non-self-resetting thermal cut-out

Thermal cut-out that requires a manual operation for resetting, or replacement of a part, in order to restore the current

Note: Manual operation includes disconnection of the appliance from the supply mains.

3.7.6 Protective device

Device, the operation of which prevents a hazardous situation under abnormal operation conditions

3.7.7 Thermal link thermal cut-out which operates only once and requires partial or complete replacement

3.8

3.8.1 All-pole disconnection

Disconnection of both supply conductors by a single initiating action or, for three-phase appliances, disconnection of the three supply conductors by a single initiating action

Note: For three-phase appliances, the neutral conductor is not considered to be a supply conductor.

3.8.2 Off position

Stable position of a switching device in which the circuit controlled by the switch is disconnected from its supply or, for electronic disconnection, the circuit is de-energized

Note: The off position does not imply an all-pole disconnection.

3.8.3 Visibly glowing heating element

Heating element that is partly or completely visible from the outside of the appliance and has a temperature of at least 650 ℃ when the appliance has been operated under normal operation at rated power input until steady conditions have been established

3.8.4 PTC heating element

Element intended for heating consisting mainly of positive temperature coefficient resistors that are thermally sensitive and have a rapid non-linear increase in resistance when the temperature is raised through a particular range

3.8.5 User maintenance

Any maintenance operation stated in the instructions for use, or marked on the appliance, that the user is intended to perform

3.9

3.9.1 Electronic component

Part in which conduction is achieved principally by electrons moving through a vacuum, gas or semiconductor

Note: Neon indicators are not considered to be electronic components.

3.9.2 Electronic circuit

Circuit incorporating at least one electronic component

3.9.3 Protective electronic circuit

Electronic circuit that prevents a hazardous situation under abnormal operating conditions

Note: Parts of the circuit may also be used for functional purposes.

3.9.4 Software class B

Software that includes code intended to prevent hazards if a fault, other than a software fault, occurs in the appliance

3.9.5 Software class C

Software that includes code intended to prevent hazards without the use of other protective devices.



4 General Requirement

Appliances shall be constructed so that in normal use they function safely so as to cause no danger to persons or surroundings, even in the event of carelessness that may occur in normal use.

In general this principle is achieved by fulfilling the relevant requirements specified in this standard and compliance is checked by carrying out all the relevant tests.

5 General Conditions for the Tests

Unless otherwise specified, the tests are carried out in accordance with this Chapter.

5.1 Tests according to this standard are type tests.

Note: Routine tests are described in annex A.

5.2 The tests are carried out on a single appliance that shall withstand all the relevant tests.

However, the tests of Chapters 20, 22 (except 22.11 and 22.18) to 26, 28, 30 and 31 may be carried out on separate appliances. The test of 22.3 is carried out on a new appliance.

Note 1: Additional samples may be required if the appliance has to be tested under different conditions, for example if it can be supplied with different voltages.

If an intentionally weak part becomes open circuit during the tests of Chapter 19, an additional appliance may be needed.

The testing of components may require the submission of additional samples of these components.

If the test of annex C has to be carried out, six samples of the motor are needed.

If the test of annex D has to be carried out, an additional appliance may be used.

If the tests of annex G are carried out, four additional transformers are needed.

If the tests of annex H are carried out, three switches or three additional appliances are needed.

Note 2: The cumulative stress resulting from successive tests on electronic circuits is to be avoided. It may be necessary to replace components or to use additional samples. The number of additional samples should be kept to a minimum by an evaluation of the relevant electronic circuits.

Note 3: If an appliance has to be dismantled in order to carry out a test, care is to be taken to insure that it is reassembled as originally supplied. In case of doubt, subsequent tests may be carried out on a separate sample.

5.3 The tests are carried out in the order of the Chapters. However, the test of 22.11 on the appliance at room temperature is carried out before the tests of Chapter 8. The tests of Chapter 14 and 21.2 and 22.24 are carried out after the tests of Chapter 29.

If it is evident from the construction of the appliance that a particular test is not applicable, the test is not carried out.

1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Definitions
4 General Requirement
5 General Conditions for the Tests
6 Classification
7 Marking and instructions
8 Protection against access to live parts
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
10 Power input and current
11 Heating
12 Void
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature
14 Transient overvoltages
15 Moisture resistance
16 Leakage current and electric strength
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits
18 Endurance
19 Abnormal operation
20 Stability and mechanical hazards
21 Mechanical strength
22 Construction
23 Internal wiring
24 Components
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords
26 Terminals for external conductors
27 Provision for earthing
28 Screws and connections
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation
30 Resistance to heat and fire
31 Resistance to rusting
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards
Annex A (informative) Routine tests
Annex B (normative) Appliances powered by rechargeable batteries
Annex C (normative) Ageing test on motors
Annex D (Normative) Thermal motor protectors
Annex E (Normative) Needle flame test
Annex F (Normative) Capacitors
Annex G (normative) Safety isolating transformers
Annex H (normative) Switches
Annex I (normative) Motors having basic insulation that is inadequate for the rated voltage of the appliance
Annex J (normative) Coated printed circuit boards
Annex K (normative) Overvoltage categories
Annex L (informative) Guidance for the measurement of clearances and creepage distances
Annex N (normative) Proof tracking test
Annex O (informative) Selection and sequence of the tests of Chapter
Annex Q (informative) Sequence of tests for the evaluation of electronic circuits
Annex R (normative) Software evaluation

家用和类似用途电器的安全
第1部分：通用要求
1 范围
本部分涉及单相器具额定电压不超过250 V，其他器具额定电压不超过480 V的家用和类似用途电器的安全。
不作为一般家用，但对公众仍可能引起危险的器具，例如打算在商店、轻工业和农场中由非专业的人员使用的器具也属于本部分的范围。
注1：这种器具的示例为：工业和商业用炊事设备、清洁器具以及在理发店使用的器具。
就实际情况而言，本部分所涉及的各种器具存在的普通危险，是在住宅和住宅周围环境中所有的人可能会遇到的。
然而，一般说来本部分并未涉及：
——无人照看的幼儿和残疾人使用器具时的危险；
——幼儿玩耍器具的情况。
注2：注意下述情况：
——对于打算用在车辆、船舶或航空器上的器具，可能需要附加要求。
——在许多国家中，全国性的卫生保健部门、全国性劳动保护部门、全国性供水管理部门以及类似的部门都对器具规定了附加要求。
注3：本部分不适用于：
——专为工业用途而设计的器具；
——打算使用在经常产生腐蚀性或爆炸性气体（如灰尘、蒸气或瓦斯气体）特殊环境场所的器具；
——音频、视频和类似电子设备（GB 8898），
——医用电气设备（GB 9706.1）；
——手持式电动工具（GB 3883.1），
——信息技术设备（GB 4943）；
可移动式电动工具（GB 13960）。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的条款通过GB 4706的本部分的引用而成为本部分的条款。凡是标注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单（不包括勘误内容）或修订版均不适用于本部分，然而，鼓励根据本部分达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是未标注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本部分。
GB 1406 螺口式灯头的型式和尺寸（GB 1406—2001，eqv IEC 60061-1：1999）
GB/T 1804 一般公差 未注公差的线性和角度尺寸的公差（GB/T 1804—2000，eqv ISO 2768-1：1989）
GB/T 2423.2 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验B：高温（GB/T 2423.2—2001，idt IEC 60068-2-2：1974）
GB/T 2423.8 电工电子产品环境试验 第二部分：试验方法 试验Ed：自由跌落（GB/T 2423.8—1995，idt IEC 60068-2-32：1990）
GB 3667 交流电动机电容器（GB 3667—1997，idt IEC 60252：1992）
GB 4208 外壳防护等级（IP代码）（GB 4208—1993，eqv IEC 60529：1989）
GB/T 5169.5—1997 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第2部分：试验方法 第2篇：针焰试验（idt IEC 60695-2-2：1991）
GB/T 5169.11 电工电子产品着火危险试验 试验方法 成品的灼热丝试验和导则（GB/T 5169.11—1997，idt IEC 60695-2-11：1994）
GB/T 5169.12 电工电子产品着火危险试验 试验方法 材料的灼热丝可燃性试验（GB/T 5169.12—1999，idt IEC 60695-2-12：1994）
GB/T 5169.13 电工电子产品着火危险试验 试验方法 材料的灼热丝起燃性试验（GB/T 5169.13—1999，idt IEC 60695-2-13：1994）
GB/T 5169.16 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第16部分：50 W水平与垂直火焰的试验方法（GB/T 5169.16—2002，IEC 60695-11-10：1999，IDT）
GB/T 7153 直热式阶跃型正温度系数热敏电阻器 第1部分：总规范（GB/T 7153—2002，IEC 60738-1：1998，IDT）
GB/T 12113—2003 接触电流和保护导体电流的测量方法（IEC 60990：1999，IDT）
GB/T 14472—1998 电子设备用固定电容器 第14部分：分规范 抑制电源电磁干扰用固定电容器（idt IEC 60384-14：1993）
GB/T 16935.1—1997 低压系统内设备的绝缘配合 第一部分：原理、要求和试验（idt IEC 60664-1：1992）
IEC 60664-1 增补件1（2000）
增补件2（2002）1)
GB 17465.1 家用和类似用途的器具耦合器 第一部分：通用要求（GB 17465.1—1998，eqv IEC 60320-1：1994） .
GB 17465.2 家用和类似用途的器具耦合器 第二部分：家用和类似设备用互连耦合器（GB 17465.2—1998，eqv IEC 60320-2-2：1990）
GB/T 17626.2 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 静电放电抗扰度试验（GB/T 17626.2—1998，idt IEC 61000-4-2：1995）
GB/T 17626.3 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频电磁场辐射抗扰度试验（GB/T 17626.3—1998，idt IEC 61000-4-3：1995）
GB/T 17626.4 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度试验（GB/T 17626.4—1998，idt IEC 61000-4-4：1995）
GB/T 17626.5 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 浪涌（冲击）抗扰度试验（GB/T 17626.5—1999，idt IEC 61000-4-5：1995）
GB/T 17626.6 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频场感应的传导骚扰抗扰度（GB/T 17626.6—1998，idt IEC 61000-4-6：1996）
GB/T 17626.11—1999 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电压暂降、短时中断和电压变化的抗扰度试验（idt IEC 61000-4-11：1994）
IEC 61000-4-11 增补件1（2000）2)
GB/T 17627.1 低压电气设备的高电压试验技术 第一部分：定义和试验要求（GB/T 17627.1—1998，eqv IEC 61180-1：1992）
GB/T 17627.2 低压电气设备的高电压试验技术 第二部分：测量系统和试验设备（GB/T 17627.2—1998，eqv IEC 61180-2：1994）
GB 17935 螺口灯座（GB 17935—1999，idt IEC 60238：1996）
IEC 60068-2-75 环境试验 第2-75部分：试验方法-试验Eh：冲击试验
IEC/TR3 60083 在IEC成员国中使用的家用和类似用途标准化插头和插座3)
IEC 60085 电气绝缘的耐热评价和分级
IEC 60112：2003 固体绝缘材料在潮湿条件下相对漏电起痕指数和耐漏电起痕指数测定方法
IEC 60127（所有部分） 微型熔断器
IEC 60227（所有部分） 额定电压450/750 V及以下的聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆
IEC 60245（所有部分） 额定电压450/750 V及以下的橡胶绝缘电缆
IEC 60249-2-4：1987 印制电路用基材 第2部分：规范 第4号规范：普通级的覆铜箔环氧玻璃布层压板
增补件1（1989）
增补件2（1992）
增补件3（1993）
增补件4（1994）
增补件5（2000）
IEC 60249-2-5：1987 印刷电路用基材 第2部分：规范 第5号规范：规定易燃性的覆铜箔环氧玻璃布层压板（垂直燃烧试验）
增补件1（1989）
增补件2（1992）
增补件3（1993）
增补件4（1994）
增补件5（2000）
IEC 60320-2-3 家用和类似用途的器具耦合器 第2-3部分：保护等级高于IPXO的器具耦合器
IEC 60417-DB：2002 设备用图形符号
IEC 60598-1：2003 灯具一般安全要求与试验
IEC 60664-3：1992 低压系统内设备的绝缘配合 第3部分：利用涂覆层以达到印制电路板组件的绝缘配合
IEC 60695-10-2 着火危险试验 第10部分：减少处于着火中的电器产品非正常热效应的导则和试验方法——第2节：使用球压试验对非金属材料制成品的耐热试验方法
IEC 60730-1：1999 家用和类似用途电自动控制器 第1部分：通用要求
IEC 60730-2-8：2000 家用和类似用途电自动控制器 电动水阀的特殊要求（包括机械要求）
IEC 60906-1 家用和类似用途的IEC制插头和插座 第1部分：交流16 A/250 V插头和插座
IEC 60999-1：1999 连接装置 铜导体 螺纹形式和非螺纹形式夹紧件 第1部分：0.2 mm2到（包括）35 mm2铜导体夹紧件的通用要求和特殊要求
IEC 61000-4-13 电磁兼容（EMC） 第4部分：测试测量技术 第13节低频抗扰度试验，包括电源a.c信号谐波和相互谐波
IEC 61032：1997 检验外壳防护用的试具
IEC 61058-1：2000 器具开关 第1部分：通用要求
IEC 61058-1 增补件1（2001）4)
IEC 61558-1：1997 电力变压器，电源装置和类似产品的安全 第1部分：通用要求和试验
IEC 61558-2-6：1997 电力变压器、电源装置及类似设备的安全 第2部分：一般用途的安全隔离变压器的特殊要求
IEC 61770 连接水源的器具 避免虹吸和软管组件失效
ISO 7000 设备用图形符号 通用符号
ISO 9772：2001 泡沫塑料 承受小火焰的小试样水平燃烧特性的测定
注：如果国标与本标准所引用的IEC标准有差异，参照IEC标准作具体分析。
____________________
1）1.2版（2002）为包括第1版及其1号和2号增补件的合并版。
2）1.1版（2001）为包括第1版及其1号增补件的合并版。
3）插头的型式尺寸应符合国标GB 1002和GB 1003。
4）3.1版（2001）为包括第3版及其1号增补件的合并版。
3 定义
3.1 除另行规定外，术语“电压”和“电流”都是指有效值（r.m.s）。
3.1.1
额定电压 rated voltage
由制造商为器具规定的电压。
3.1.2
额定电压范围 rated voltage range
由制造商为器具规定的电压范围，用其上限值和下限值来表示。
3.1.3
工作电压 working voltage
器具以额定电压并在正常工作条件下运行时，考虑的那部分所承受的最高电压。
注1：考虑控制器和开关装置不同位置的影响。
注2：工作电压考虑了谐振电压。
注3：在确定工作电压时，可忽略瞬间电压的影响。
3.1.4
额定输入功率 rated power input
由制造商为器具规定的输入功率。
3.1.5
额定输入功率范围 rated power input range
由制造商为器具规定的输入功率范围，用其上限值和下限值来表示。
3.1.6
额定电流 rated current
由制造商为器具规定的电流。
注：如果没有为器具规定电流，则额定电流：
——对于电热器具，为由额定输入功率和额定电压计算出的电流值；
——对于电动器具和组合型器具，为器具以额定电压在正常工作条件下运行时测得的电流值。
3.1.7
额定频率 rated frequency
由制造商为器具规定的频率。
3.1.8
额定频率范围 rated frequency range
由制造商为器具规定的频率范围，用其上限值和下限值来表示。
3.1.9
正常工作 normal operation
当器具与电源连接时，其按正常使用进行工作的状态。
3.1.10
额定脉冲电压 rated impulse voltage
根据器具的额定电压和过电压类别而确定的电压，用来表明器具绝缘耐受瞬态过电压的规定承受能力。
3.1.11
危险性功能失效 dangerous malfunction
可能危害安全的意外运行。
3.2
3.2.1
可拆卸软线 detachable cord
打算通过一个适合的器具耦合器与器具连接的用于供电或互连的软线。
3.2.2
互连软线 interconnection cord
不用作电源连接而作为完整器具的一部分提供的外部软线。
注：互连软线的示例为：遥控用手持形状装置、器具的两个部分间外部互连和将附件连接到器具或连接到单独信号电路的软线。
3.2.3
电源软线 supply cord
固定到器具上，用于供电的软线。
3.2.4
X型连接 type X attachment
能够容易更换电源软线的连接方法。
注：该电源软线可以是专门制备并仅能从制造商或其服务机构处得到的。专门制备的软线也可包含器具的一部分。
3.2.5
Y型连接 type Y attachment
打算由制造商、它的服务机构或类似的具有资格的人员来更换电源软线的连接方法。
3.2.6
Z型连接 type Z attachment
不打碎或不损坏器具就不能更换电源软线的连接方法。
3.2.7
电源引线 supply leads
用于将器具连到固定布线并被容纳在一个间室内的一组电线，该间室可以在器具内或附着在器具上。
3.3
3.3.1
基本绝缘 basic insulation
施加于带电部件对电击提供基本防护的绝缘。
3.3.2
附加绝缘 supplementary insulation
万一基本绝缘失效，为了对电击提供防护而施加的除基本绝缘以外的独立绝缘。
3.3.3
双重绝缘 double insulation
由基本绝缘和附加绝缘构成的绝缘系统。
3.3.4
加强绝缘 reinforced insulation
在本标准规定的条件下，提供等效于双重绝缘的防电击等级而施加于带电部件上的单一绝缘。
注：这并不意味该绝缘是个同质体，它也可以由几层组成，但它不像附加绝缘或基本绝缘那样能逐一地被进行试验。
3.3.5
功能性绝缘 functional insulation
仅为器具的固有功能所需，而在不同电位的导电部件之间设置的绝缘。
3.3.6
保护阻抗 protective impedance
连接在带电部件和Ⅱ类结构的易触及导电部件之间的阻抗，在正常使用中及器具出现可能的故障状态时，它将电流限制在一个安全值。
3.3.7
0类器具 class 0 appliance
电击防护仅依赖于基本绝缘的器具。即它没有将导电性易触及部件（如有的话）连接到设施的固定布线中保护导体的措施，万一该基本绝缘失效，电击防护依赖于环境。
注：0类器具或有一个可构成部分或整体基本绝缘的绝缘材料外壳，或有一个通过适当绝缘与带电部件隔开的金属外壳。如果装有绝缘材料外壳的器具有内部部件接地的措施，则认为是Ⅰ类器具，或是0Ⅰ类器具。
3.3.8
0Ⅰ类器具 class 0Ⅰ appliance
至少整体具有基本绝缘并带有一个接地端子的器具，但其电源软线不带接地导线，插头也无接地插脚。
3.3.9
Ⅰ类器具 class Ⅰ appliance
其电击防护不仅依靠基本绝缘而且包括一个附加安全防护措施的器具。其防护措施是将易触及的导电部件连接到设施固定布线中的接地保护导体上，以使得万一基本绝缘失效，易触及的导电部件不会带电。
注：此防护措施包括电源线中的保护性导线。
3.3.10
Ⅱ类器具 class Ⅱ appliance
其电击防护不仅依靠基本绝缘，而且提供如双重绝缘或加强绝缘那样的附加安全防护措施的器具。该类器具没有保护接地或依赖安装条件的措施。
注1：该类器具可以是下述类型之一：
——具有一个耐久的并且基本连续的绝缘材料外壳的器具，除铭牌、螺钉和铆钉等小零件外，其外壳能将所有的金属部件包围起来，该外壳提供了至少相当于加强绝缘的防护措施将这些小金属零件与器具的带电部件隔离。该类型器具被称为带绝缘外壳的Ⅱ类器具。
——具有一个基本连接的金属外壳，其内各处均使用双重绝缘或加强绝缘的器具，该类型器具被称为有金属外壳的Ⅱ类器具。
——由带绝缘外壳的Ⅱ类器具和有金属外壳的Ⅱ类器具组合而成的器具。
注2：带绝缘外壳的Ⅱ类器具，其壳体可构成附加绝缘或加强绝缘的一部分或全部。
注3：如果一个各处均具有双重绝缘或加强绝缘的器具又带有接地的防护措施，则此器具被认为是Ⅰ类或0Ⅰ类器具。
3.3.11
Ⅱ类结构 class Ⅱ construction
器具中依赖于双重绝缘或加强绝缘来提供对电击的防护的某一部分。
3.3.12
Ⅲ类器具 class Ⅲ appliance
依靠安全特低电压的电源来提供对电击的防护，且其产生的电压不高于安全特低电压的器具。
3.3.13
Ⅲ类结构 class Ⅲ construction
器具的一部分，它依靠安全特低电压来提供对电击的防护，且其产生的电压不高于安全特低电压。
3.3.14
电气间隙 clearance
两个导电部件之间，或一个导电部件与器具的易触及表面之间的空间最短距离。
3.3.15
爬电距离 creepage distance
两个导电部件之间，或一个导电部件与器具的易触及表面之间沿绝缘材料表面测量的最短路径。
3.4
3.4.1
特低电压 extra-low voltage
器具内部的一个电源所供给的电压，当器具在额定电压下工作时，该电压在导线之间以及在导线与地之间均不超过50 V。
3.4.2
安全特低电压 safety extra-low voltage
导线之间以及导线与地之间不超过42 V的电压，其空载电压不超过50 V。
当安全特低电压从电网获得时，应通过一个安全隔离变压器或一个带分离绕组的转换器，此时安全隔离变压器和转换器的绝缘应符合双重绝缘或加强绝缘的要求。
注1：这里规定的电压限值是假定该安全隔离变压器的输入电压为额定电压条件下的。
注2：安全特低电压也可用SELV表示。
3.4.3
安全隔离变压器 safety isolating transformer
向一个器具或电路提供安全特低电压，而且至少使用与双重绝缘或加强绝缘等效的绝缘材料将其输入线组与输出绕组进行电气隔离的变压器。
3.4.4
保护特低电压电路 protective extra-low voltage circuit
与其他电路以基本绝缘和保护屏蔽、双重绝缘或加强绝缘隔离的，以安全特低电压工作的接地电路。
注1：保护屏蔽是通过一个接地隔板将电路与带电部件隔离。
注2：保护特低电压电路也可用PELV电路表示。
3.5
3.5.1
便携式器具 portable appliance
在工作时预计会发生移动的器具或质量少于18 kg的非固定式器具。
3.5.2
手持式器具 hand-held appliance
在正常使用期间打算用手握持的便携式器具。
3.5.3
驻立式器具 stationary appliance
固定式器具或非便携式器具。
3.5.4
固定式器具 fixed appliance
紧固在一个支架上或固定在一个特定位置进行使用的器具。
3.5.5
嵌装式器具 bum-in appliance
打算安装在橱柜内、墙中预留的壁龛内或类似位置的固定式器具。
3.5.6
电热器具 heating appliance
装有电热元件而不带有电动机的器具。
3.5.7
电动器具 motor-operated appliance
装有电动机而不带有电热元件的器具。
注：磁驱动器具认为是电动器具。
3.5.8
组合型器具 combined appliance
装有电动机和电热元件的器具。
3.6
3.6.1
不可拆卸部件 non-detachable part
只有借助于工具才能取下或打开的部件或能够通过22.11试验的部件。
3.6.2
可拆卸部件 detachable part
不借助于工具就能取下的部件，按使用说明中的要求可以被取下的部件（即使需要用工具才能将其取下）或不能通过22.11试验的部件。
注1：为了安装必须取下的部件，即使使用说明中声明用户可取下它，也不认为该部件是可拆卸的。
注2：不借助于工具就能取下的元件，认为是可拆卸部件。
注3：能被打开的部件认为是可取下的部件。
3.6.3
易触及部件 accessible part
用IEC 61032的B型试验探棒能触到的部件或表面，如果该部件或表面是金属的，则应包括与其连接的所有导电性部件。
3.6.4
带电部件 live part
打算在正常使用时通电的导线或导电性部件，按惯例包括中性导线，但不包括PEN导线。
注1：凡是符合8.1.4要求的易触及或不易触及部件都认为是非带电部件。
注2：PEN导线是指将保护导线和中性导线两种功能结合在一起的保护接地中性线。
3.6.5
工具 tool
可以用来旋动螺钉或类似固定装置的螺丝刀、硬币或任何其他物件。
3.7
3.7.1
温控器 thermostat
动作温度可固定或可调的温度敏感装置，在正常工作期间，其通过自动接通或断开电路来保持被控部件的温度在某些限值之间。
3.7.2
限温器 temperature limiter
动作温度可固定或可调的温度敏感装置，在正常工作期间，当被控部件的温度达到预先设定值时，其以断开或接通电路的方式来工作。
注：在器具的正常工作循环期间，它不得造成反向工作，它可要求也可不要求其具有手动复位的功能。
3.7.3
热断路器 thermal cut-out
在非正常工作期间，通过自动切断电路或减少电流来限制被控件温度的装置，其结构使用户不能改变其整定值。
3.7.4
自复位热断路器 self-resetting thermal cut-out
器具的有关部件充分冷却后，能自动恢复电流的热断路器。
3.7.5
非自复位热断路器 non-self-resetting thermal cut-out
要求手动复位或更换部件来恢复电流的热断路器。
注：手动操作包括切断器具与电源的连接。
3.7.6
保护装置 protective device
在非正常工作条件下工作的装置，它的动作能防止出现一种危险状况。
3.7.7
热熔体 thermal link
只能一次性工作，事后要求部分或全部更换的热断路器。
3.8
3.8.1
全极断开 all-pole disconnection
由一个单触发动作造成两根电源导线断开；或对于三相器具，由一个单触发动作造成三根电源导线断开。
注：对三相器具，中性导线不认为是电源导线。
3.8.2
断开位置 off position
是一个开关装置的稳定位置，在此位置时，由开关控制的电路与其电源是断开的。或者，对于电子断开，即电路不施加电能。
注：断开位置并不意味着全极断开。
3.8.3
可见灼热的电热元件 visibly glowing heating element
从器具外部可以部分或全部看见的电热元件，当器具在正常工作条件下，以额定输入功率工作直至稳定状态建立时，该电热元件的温度不低于650℃。
3.8.4
PTC电热元件 PTC heating element
主要是由正温度系数的热敏电阻构成的用于加热的元件，当温度在特定的范围内升高时，其阻值迅速地非线性增长。
3.8.5
用户维护保养 user maintenance
通过使用说明中的声明或器具上的标识，打算由用户来完成的各种维护保养工作。
3.9
3.9.1
电子元件 electronic component
主要是通过电子在真空、气体或半导体中运动来完成传导的部件。
注：氖光指示灯不被认为是电子元件。
3.9.2
电子电路 electronic circuit
至少装有一个电子元件的电路。
3.9.3
保护电子电路 protective electronic circuit
防止非正常运行状态下出现危险的电子电路。
注：电路中的部分也可以起到功能作用。
3.9.4
B级软件 software class B
含有代码的软件，用于防止器具由于非软件故障而引起的危险。
3.9.5
C级软件 software class C
含有代码的软件，用于防止没有使用其他保护装置时出现的危险。
4 一般要求
各种器具的结构应使其在正常使用中能安全地工作，即使在正常使用中出现可能的疏忽时，也不会引起对人员和周围的环境的危险。
一般来说，通过满足本部分中规定的各项相关要求来实现上述准则，并且通过进行所有的相关试验来确定其是否合格。
5 试验的一般条件
除非另有规定，试验应按本章的要求进行。
5.1 按本部分进行的试验为型式试验。
注：例行试验已在附录A中描述。
5.2 各项试验应在一个器具上进行，此器具应能够经受所有有关的试验。但第20章、第22章（22.11和22.18除外）～第26章、第28章、第30章和第31章的试验可在另外单独的几台器具上进行。22.3的试验是在一个新的器具上进行。
注1：如果器具必须以不同的条件进行试验，则可能要求附加试样，例如器具能以不同的电压供电。如果一个预置的薄弱零件在第19章的试验期间成为开路，则可能需要一个另外的试样。
元件试验可以要求提供这些元件的附加试样。
如果必须进行附录C中的试验，则需要六个电动机试样。
如果必须进行附录D中的试验，则可使用增加的器具。
如果必须进行附录G中的试验，则需要另外四个附加的变压器。
如果必须进行附录H中的试验，则需要三个开关或另外三个器具。
注2：应该避免在电子电路上连续试验造成的累积应力，必要时更换元件或使用附加的试样。应该使得评估各相关电子电路所需最少的附加试样数量。
注3：如果为了进行一项试验，不得不把器具拆散，则应注意确保能按原交付状态进行重新组装。有怀疑时，可在另外单独的试样上进行后面的各项试验。
5.3 除非另有规定，试验均按各章条的顺序进行。但22.11的试验在第8章试验前，在处于室温的器具上进行。第14章、21.2及22.24的试验在第29章的试验之后进行。
如果由于器具结构的原因使得某一项特有的试验明显地不适用，则可以不进行该项试验。
5.4 当试验中的各种器具还使用其他形式的能源（如：气体）时，则必须考虑消耗其他能源对器具所带来的影响。
5.5 器具或它的任一运动部件，都应处在正常使用中可能出现的最不利位置上进行试验。
5.6 带有控制器或开关装置的器具，如果它们的整定位置可由用户改动，则应将这些控制器或装置调到最不利的整定位置上进行试验。
注1：如果不借助于工具就能触到控制器的调节装置，则不论此整定位置是否用手还是用工具来进行改动，此条都适用；如果不借助于工具不能触到调节装置，位置也不打其让用户改动的，则此条不适用。
注2：充分的密封措施可认为能防止用户改动整定位置。
5.7 试验在无强制对流空气且环境温度为20℃±5℃的场所进行。
如果某一部位的温度受到温度敏感装置的限制或被相变温度所影响（例如当水沸腾时），若有疑问时，则环境温度保持在23℃±2℃。
5.8.1 交流器具在额定频率下进行试验。而交直流两用器具则用对器具最不利的电源进行试验。
没有标出额定频率或标有50 Hz～60 Hz频率范围的交流器具，则用50 Hz或60 Hz中最不利的那种频率进行试验。
5.8.2 具有多种额定电压的器具，以最不利的那个电压为基础进行试验。
对标有额定电压范围的电动器具和组合型器具，当规定其电源电压等于其额定电压乘以一个系数时，其电源电压等于：
——如果系数大于1，则为其额定电压范围的上限值乘以此系数；
——如果系数小于1，则为其额定电压范围的下限值乘以此系数。
当没有规定系数时，电源电压为其额定电压范围内的最不利电压。
注1：如果一个电热器具被设计有一个额定电压范围，则其电压范围的上限值通常是其范围内的最不利电压。
注2：设计为多个额定电压或额定电压范围的组合型器具和电动器具，则可能需要在额定电压或额定电压范围的最小值、中间值以及最大值下进行几次试验，以找出最不利电压。
5.8.3 标有额定输入功率范围的电热器具和组合型器具，当规定其输入功率等于其额定输入功率乘以一个系数时，其输入功率等于：
——如果系数大于1，则为其额定输入功率范围的上限值乘以此系数；
——如果系数小于1，则为其额定输入功率范围的下限值乘以此系数。
5.8.4 标有额定电压范围和与此额定电压范围的平均值相对应的额定输入功率的器具，当规定其输入功率等于其额定输入功率乘以一个系数时，其输入功率等于：
——如果系数大于1，则为与其额定电压范围的上限值相对应的、计算的输入功率乘以此系数；
——如果系数小于1，则为与其额定电压范围的下限值相对应的、计算的输入功率乘以此系数。
当没有规定系数时，其输入功率与在额定电压范围内的最不利电压下的输入功率一致。
5.9 当器具的制造商提供一些可供选择的电热元件或附件时，则器具用那些会导致出现最不利结果的元件或附件进行试验。
5.10 按器具的交付状态进行试验。但按单一器具来设计，却以若干个组件的形式来交付的器具，则先按制造商的使用说明组装后再进行试验。
嵌装式器具和固定式器具，按制造商的使用说明安装后进行试验。
5.11 打算用柔性软线连接到固定布线的器具，则把相适用的柔性软线连接到器具上再进行试验。
5.12 电热器具和组合型器具，当规定器具必须在输入功率乘以一个系数条件下工作时，此情况只适用于那些无明显正温度系数电阻的电热元件。
对于PTC电热元件以外的有明显正温度系数电阻的电热元件，其电源电压的确定是通过按额定电压给器具供电，直至电热元件达到工作温度。然后，让电源电压迅速增加到需给出有关试验所要求的输入功率的那个值，在整个试验中应一直保持该供电电压值。
注：一般来说，如果在额定电压条件下，器具在冷态下的输入功率与其工作温度下的输入功率相差超过25%，则认为此温度系数是明显的。
5.13 带PTC电热元件的器具，在与规定的输入功率相对应的电压下进行试验，当规定的输入功率大于额定输入功率时，用来乘电压的系数等于用来乘输入功率的系数的平方根。
5.14 如果0Ⅰ类器具或Ⅰ类器具带有未接地的易触及的金属部件，而且未使用一个接地的中间金属部件将其与带电部件隔开，则按对Ⅱ类结构规定的有关要求确定这些部件是否合格。
如果0Ⅰ类器具或Ⅰ类器具带有易触及的非金属部件，除非这些部件用一个接地的中间金属部件将其与带电部件隔开，否则按对Ⅱ类结构规定的有关要求确定这些部件是否合格。
注：对于在湿热气候国家中没有安装保护性接地导体的场合下使用的特殊器具，附录P给出了更高要求的导则，该导则可以用于确保电气危险和热危险的防护达到可接受水平。
5.15 如果器具带有在安全特低电压下工作的部件，则按对Ⅲ类结构规定的有关要求确定其是否合格。
5.16 在进行电子电路试验时，其电源不应受到对试验结果产生影响的外部干扰。
5.17 由可充电电池供电的器具按附录B的要求进行试验。
5.18 如果长度和角度的尺寸没有公差规定，则GB/T 1804（eqv ISO 2768-1）适用。
6 分类
6.1 在电击防护方面，器具应属于下列各种类别之一：
0类、0Ⅰ类、Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类。
通过视检和相关的试验确定其是否合格。
6.2 器具应具有适当的防水等级。
通过视检和相关的试验确定其是否合格。
注：防水等级在GB 4208（eqv IEC 60529）中给出。
7 标志和说明
7.1 器具应有含下述内容的标志：
——额定电压或额定电压范围，单位为伏（V）；
——电源性质的符号，标有额定频率的除外；
——额定输入功率，单位为瓦（W）或额定电流，单位为安（A）；
——制造商或责任承销商的名称、商标或识别标志；
——器具型号或系列号；
——GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）的符号5172，仅在Ⅱ类器具上标出；
——防水等级的IP代码，IPX0不标出。
注1：IP代码的第一个数字不必标在器具上。
注2：在不会造成误解的前提下，允许有另外的标志。
注3：如果元件上分别标有标志，则元件上的标志不应使器具本身的标志存有疑问。
注4：如果器具标有额定压力，其单位可以是巴（bar），但其只能和帕（Pa）同时标示，巴（bar）标在括号中。
与连接器和水源的外部软管组合的电动控制水阀的外壳，如果它的工作电压大于特低电压，则其应按GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）-5036（DB：2002-10）标注符号。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.2 用多种电源的驻立式器具，其标志应有下述内容：
“警告：在接近接线端子前，必须切断所有的供电电路”。
此警告语应位于接线端子罩盖的附近。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.3 具有一个额定值范围，而且不用调节就能在整个范围内进行工作的器具，应采用由一个连字符分开的范围的上限值和下限值来表示。
注1：举例：115V～230V：表示器具适用于标示范围内的任何值（如一个带PTC电热元件的烫发器）。
具有不同的额定值并且必须由用户或安装者将其调到一个特定值时才能使用的器具，应标出这些不同的值，并且用斜线将它们分开。
注2：举例：115V/230V：表示器具只适用于标出的值（如带选择开关的剃须刀）。
注3：此要求也适用于准备与单相电源和多相电源都能连接的器具。
举例：230V/400V：表示器具只适用于给出的电压值，230V是用于单相工作，400V是用于三相工作（如带有用于两种电源的接线端子的洗碟机）。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.4 如果能调节器具适用于不同的额定电压，则该器具所调到的电压值的位置应清晰可辨。
注：对不要求频繁变动电压调定值的器具，如果器具所调的额定电压可以从固定在器具上的接线图来确定，则认为已满足了该条要求。接线图可放在进行电源线连接时必须取下的罩盖内表面。它不应放在附着到器具，但可容易取下的标签上。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.5 标有多个额定电压或多个额定电压范围的器具，应标出每个电压或电压范围对应的额定输入功率或额定电流。但是，如果一个额定电压范围的上下限值之间的差值不超过该范围平均值的10%，则可标出对应该范围平均值的额定输入功率或额定电流。
额定输入功率或额定电流的上限值和下限值应标在器具上，以使得输入功率与电压之间的关系是明确的。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.6 当使用符号时，应按下述符号标示：
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5031 直流电
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5032 交流电
三相交流电
带中性线的三相交流电
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5016 熔断器
注1：熔断器的额定电流可以和该符号标在一起。
微型延时熔断器，其中X是GB 9364.1（idt IEC 60127）规定的时间/电流特性的符号。
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5019 保护接地
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5172 Ⅱ类设备
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5012 灯
注2：灯的额定瓦特数可以和该符号标在一起。
GB/T 16273.1（neq ISO 7000）规定的符号1641 阅读使用说明
GB/T 16273.1（neq ISO 7000）规定的符号0434 注意
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）-5021（DB：2002-10）等电位
GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）-5036（DB：2002-10）危险电压
电源性质的符号，应紧靠所标示的额定电压值。
设置Ⅱ类器具符号所放置的位置，应使其明显地成为技术参数的一部分，且不可能与任何其他标示发生混淆。
应使用国际单位制所规定的物理量的单位和对应的符号。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
注3：只要不引起误解，允许使用额外的符号。
注4：可以使用GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）和ISO 7000中规定的符号。
7.7 连接到两根以上供电导线的器具和多电源器具，除非其正确的连接方式是很明确的，否则器具应有一个连接图，并将图固定到器具上。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
注1：如果三相器具，其供电导线的接线用指向端子的箭头标明，则认为其正确的连接方式是明确的。
注2：允许使用文字标志表明正确连接方式。
注3：连接图可以是7.4所涉及的接线图。
7.8 除Z型连接以外，用于与电网连接的接线端子应按下述方法标示：
——专门连接中线的接线端子，应该用字母N标示。
——保护接地端子，应该用GB/T 5465.2（idt IEC 60417）规定的符号5019标明。
这些表示符号不应放在螺钉、可取下的垫圈或在连接导线时能被取下的其他部件上。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.9 除非明显的不需要，否则工作时可能会引起危险的开关，其标志或放置的位置应清楚地表明它控制器具的哪个部分。为此而用的标志方式，无论在哪里，不需要语言或国家标准的知识都应该能理解。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.10 驻立式器具上开关的不同挡位，以及所有器具上控制器的不同挡位，都应该用数字、字母或其他视觉方式标明。
注1：此要求也适用于作为控制器一部分的开关。
如果用数字来标示不同的挡位，则断开位置应该用数字“0”标示，对较大的输出、输入、速度和冷却效率等挡位，应该用一个较大的数字标示。
数字“0”不应用作任何其他的标示，除非它所处的位置或与其他数字的组合不会与对断开位置的标志发生混淆。
注2：例如：数字“0”，也可用在一个数字程序键盘上。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.11 在安装或正常使用期间，打算调节的控制器应有调节方向的标示。
注：用+和-标志，可认为满足要求。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12 使用说明应随器具一起提供，以保证器具能安全使用。
注：使用说明只要在正常使用中是可见的，则可以标在器具上。
如果在用户的维护保养期间有必要采取预防措施，则应给出相应的详细说明。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12.1 如果在用户的安装期间有必要采取预防措施，则应给出相应的详细说明。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12.2 如果驻立式器具未配备电源软线和插头，也没有断开电源（其触点开距提供在过电压等级Ⅲ条件下全断开）的其他装置，则使用说明中应指出，其连接的固定布线必须按布线规则配有这样的断开装置。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12.3 打算永久连接到电源上的器具，如果其固定布线的绝缘，能与第11章的试验期间温升超过50 K的那些部件接触，则使用说明中应指出，此固定布线的绝缘须有防护，例如，使用具有适当耐温等级的绝缘护套。
通过视检和第11章试验，确定其是否合格。
7.12.4 嵌装式器具，其使用说明应包括下述方面的明确信息：
——为器具安装所需的空间尺寸。
——在此空间内支撑和固定器具的装置的尺寸和位置。
——器具各部分与其周围结构之间的最小间距。
——通风孔的最小尺寸以及它们的正确布置。
——器具与电源的连接，以及各分离元件的互连。
——除非器具所带开关符合24.3的规定，否则需要器具安装后能够断开电源连接。断开电源连接通过能够接触到的插头或者符合布线规定的固定布线的开关完成。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12.5 对于有专门制备软线的X型连接的器具，使用说明应包括下述内容：
“如果电源软线损坏，必须用专用软线或从其制造商或维修部买到的专用组件来更换。”
对于Y型连接器具，使用说明应包括下述内容：
“如果电源软线损坏，为了避免危险，必须由制造商、其维修部或类似部门的专业人员更换。”
对于Z型连接的器具，使用说明应包括下述内容：
“电源软线不能更换，如果软线损坏，此器具应废弃。”
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.12.6 带有非自复位热断路器（通过切断电源复位）的电热器具的使用说明，应包括下述内容：
注意：为避免由热断路器的误复位产生危险，器具不能通过外部开关装置供电，例如定时器或者连接到由通用部件定时进行通、断的电路。
通过视检确定是否合格。
7.12.7 固定式器具的使用说明中应阐明如何将器具固定在其支撑物上。
注：由于胶粘不认为是可靠的固定方式，因此不采用胶粘方式进行固定。
通过视检确定是否合格。
7.12.8 对于连接到水源的器具，使用说明中应指出：
——最大进水压力（Pa）；
——最小进水压力（Pa），若对于器具的正确操作是必要的。
对于由可拆除软管组件连接水源的器具，使用说明中应声明使用随器具附带的新软管组件，旧软管组件不能重复利用。
通过视检确定是否合格。
7.13 使用说明和本部分要求的其他内容，应使用此器具销售地所在国的官方语言文字写出。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.14 本部分所要求的标志应清晰易读并持久耐用。
通过视检并用手拿沾水的布擦拭标志15 s，再用沾汽油的布擦拭15 s确定其是否合格。
经本部分的全部试验后，标志仍应清晰易读，标志牌应不易揭下并且不应卷边。
注1：在考虑标志的耐久性时，要考虑到正常使用的影响，例如：以涂漆或涂釉的方式（搪瓷除外）做出的标志放在经常清洗的容器上，不认为是持久耐用的。
注2：用于此试验的汽油是脂肪族溶剂乙烷，其按容积的最大芳烃含量为0.1%，贝壳松脂丁醇值为29，始沸点约为65℃，干点约为69℃，密度约为0.66 kg/L。
7.15 7.1～7.5中规定的标志，应标在器具的主体上。
器具上的标志，从器具外面应清晰可见，但如需要，可在取下罩盖后可见。对便携式器具，不借助于工具应能取下或打开该罩盖。
对驻立式器具，按正常使用就位时，至少制造商或责任承销商的名称、商标或识别标记和产品的型号或系列号是可见的。这些标记可以标在可拆卸的盖子下面。其他标记，只有在接线端子附近，才能标在盖子下面。对固定式器具，该要求适用于器具按制造商使用说明安装就位之后。
开关和控制器的标志应标在该元件上或其附近；它们不应标在那些因重新拆装能使此标志造成误导的部件上。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
7.16 如果对本部分的符合取决于一个可更换的热熔体或熔断器的动作，则其牌号或识别熔断器用的其他标志应标在某一位置，当器具被拆卸到能更换熔断器时，该标志应清晰可见。
注：只要熔断体动作后，其标志仍清晰，则允许在熔断体上标示。
此要求不适用于那些只能与器具的某一部分一起更换的熔断器。
通过视检确定其是否合格。
8 对触及带电部件的防护
8.1 器具的结构和外壳应使其对意外触及带电部件有足够的防护。
通过视检和通过8.1.1～8.1.3适用的试验，并考虑8.1.4和8.1.5确定其是否合格。
8.1.1 8.1的要求适用于器具按正常使用进行工作时所有的位置，和取下可拆卸部件后的情况。
只要器具能通过插头或全极开关与电源隔开，位于可拆卸盖罩后面的灯则不必取下，但是，在装取位于可拆卸盖罩后面的灯的操作中，应确保对触及灯头的带电部件的防护。
用不明显的力施加给IEC 61032的B型试验探棒，除了通常在地上使用且质量超过40 kg的器具不斜置外，器具处于每种可能的位置，探棒通过开口伸到允许的任何深度，并且在插入到任一位置之前、之中和之后，转动或弯曲探棒。如果探棒无法插入开口，则在垂直的方向给探棒加力到20 N；如果该探棒此时能够插入开口，该试验要在试验探棒成一定角度下重复。
试验探棒应不能碰触到带电部件，或仅用清漆、釉漆、普通纸、棉花、氧化膜、绝缘珠或密封剂来防护的带电部件，但使用自硬化树脂除外。