标准编号:	GB/T 4288-2018
中文名称:	家用和类似用途电动洗衣机
英文名称:	Household and similar electrical washing machine
中标分类:	Y62    家用清洁、整容器具
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	97.060 97.060    洗衣设备 97.060
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2018-03-15
实施日期:	2018-10-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB/T 4288-2008 家用和类似用途电动洗衣机
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	46000 字
翻译价格(元):	1500.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.



This standard replaces GB/T 4288-2008 Household and similar electrical washing machine.



The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 4288-2008:



——Relevant references are supplemented in Clause 2 “Normative references”;



——In Clause 3 “Terms and definitions”, “electric washing machine” is described by classes and the contents of the original “impeller washing machine”, “drum washing machine”, “agitator washing machine”, “double-drive washing machine”, “washing machine”, “semi-automatic washing machine” and “automatic washing machine” are incorporated; the definitions of “mini washing machine” and “multi-drum/barrel washing machine” are added; “washing container capacity”, “test load mass”, “test detergent mass”, “rate of rinse”, “rate of abrasion”, “off mode”, “standby mode” and “annual energy consumption” are added for test items of “measuring method for washing container effective capacity of washing machine”, “test method for rinsing performance”, “test method for abrasion resistance”, “measuring method for off /standby power of washing machine” and “calculation method for annual energy consumption of washing machine” are added; the definition of “standard washing textile” is added and the definitions of “rated capacity” and “rated consumption of water” are improved;



——The specific contents of the original Clause 4 "Product classification" are listed in Annex B (Normative) Product classification and model designation;



—— In Clause 5, "Technical requirements", the original "5.1 Operating environment conditions" is revised to "5.1 General requirements" and rewritten; the contents of "5.12 Off/standby power” are added; due to the change of test method, the contents of "5.6 Rinsing performance", "5.7 Abrasion resistance" and "5.15 Vibration performance” are revised, and the contents of "5.18 Allowable deviation from indicated value" are improved; the relevant requirements for "rate of rinse", "rate of abrasion" and "spinning performance" are added. The original "5.11 General structure" and "5.12 Materials" are changed to "5.19 Complete machine structure and routine inspection" and "5.20 Materials" respectively, and are rewritten;





——In Clause 6 "Test methods", the use conditions of different "test water temperatures" in "6.1 Test conditions" are modified, and "6.1 Test conditions" are rewritten at the same time. In "6.2 Test instruments and apparatuses", the specific requirements of "electrical parameter measuring meter", "whiteness meter (or photoelectric reflectance meter)", "potentiometric titrator" and "vibration tester" are added, and the expression of "6.2 Test instruments and apparatuses" is adjusted. The relevant contents of "6.3 Preparation and requirements before formal test of prototype", "6.4 Measurement of washing container effective capacity", "6.12 Off/standby power test", "6.13 Annual energy consumption test" and "6.9.3 Measurement of spinning rotating speed” are added. Due to the change of test methods, the relevant contents of the original "6.4 Abrasion test", "6.5 Test on rinsing performance", "6.7 Determination of noise" and "6.11 Test on vibration performance" are revised;



—— In Clause 7 "Inspection rules", the contents of "7.4 End-of-manufacturing inspection" and "7.5 Type test" are adjusted, supplemented and improved;



—— In Clause 8, "8.1.3" is added to specify the contents that shall be marked on the product; and "8.1.4" is added to specify the marking requirements of rated capacity;



——Due to the change of test methods, the contents of "Annex A (Normative) Measuring method for washing container effective capacity of washing machine" are added;



——"Annex B (Normative) Product classification and model designation" is put forward after being improved on the basis of the original Clause 4 "Product classification", and it is adjusted to "normative" in this revision. Due to the change of the method of "test on washing ability", the relevant contents of "B.2 Specification" are revised and examples are added to "B.3 Model";



——The original "Annex A (Normative) Test method for washing performance” is adjusted to "Annex C (Normative) Test method for washing ability". In order to make the test load ratio method more standardized and clear, the original "A.4 Standard washing" is changed to "C.4 Standard washing textile" and the contents are expanded. The original "Table A.1 Specification of standard washing fabric" is changed to “Table C.1 Quantity of standard washing textile and standard contaminated cloth corresponding to different test load mass requirements"; "Table C.2 Specification of cotton standard washing textile” is added. In order to standardize the pre-washing state of test load, "C.4.4 Adjustment of standard washing textile" is added. In order to unify the test conditions, the original "Table A.3 Proportion of the second washing ingredient” is deleted, but only the contents of "proportion of the first washing ingredient" are reserved and adjusted to "Table C.3", and the contents of "C.5.2 Ingredient proportions of standard liquid detergents” are added. In order to standardize the operation method of "test on washing ability", the contents of "C.8 Test load placement method" and "C.9.4 Test time and program" are added, and the contents of "C.9.3 Detergent delivery method" are expanded and improved;



——Due to the adjustment of standard structure, the production method of contaminated cloth in the original standard is separated from the "test method for washing ability" and rewritten as "Annex D (Normative) Standard contaminated cloth";



——Due to the change of “test method for rinsing performance”, the contents of "Annex E (Normative) Test method for rinsing performance" are added;



——Due to the change of “test method for abrasion resistance", the contents of "Annex F (Normative)Test method for abrasion resistance" are re-formulated;



——The contents of “Annex G (Normative) Measuring method for off /standby power of washing machine” are added；



——The contents of “Annex H (Normative) Calculation method for annual energy consumption of washing machine” are added;



——The original "Annex E (Normative) Test method for wool washing performance” is adjusted to "Annex I (Normative) Test method for wool washing performance".



——The contents of “Annex J (Normative) Test method for vibration performance of washing machine” are added;



——The original “Annex D (Normative) Classification of main performance" is adjusted to "Annex K (Normative) Classification of main performance items", and the classification indexes of "rate of rinse", "rate of abrasion" and "vibration performance" are added. In order to comply with the technological progress of the industry, the original "Class D" index is deleted and the "Class A+" index is added.



This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.



This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Household Electric Appliances of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 46).



The previous edition of this standard is as follows:



——GB/T 4288-1984, GB/T 4288-1992, GB/T 4288-2003 and GB/T 4288-2008.





Household and similar electrical washing machine



1 Scope



This standard specifies the terms and definitions, product classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, as well as marking, packaging, transportation and storage of household and similar electrical washing machine (hereinafter referred to as "washing machine").



This standard is applicable to washing machines (including extractors) with single-phase rated voltage not exceeding 250V and used by non-professionals in home, shops, schools and other places.



2 Normative references



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.



GB/T 411 Printed and dyed cotton fabric

GB/T 1019 General requirements for the package of household and similar electrical appliances

GB/T 2423.17 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ka: Salt mist

GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection

GB/T 2829 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (apply to inspection of process stability)

GB/T 4214.4 Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors

GB 4706.1 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1: General requirements

GB 4706.24 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular requirements for washing machines

GB 4706.26 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular requirements for spin extractors

GB/T 5296.2 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 2: Household and similar electrical appliances

GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods

GB/T 22939.5 Package of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for electric washing machine and dryer

GB/T 23119-2017 Household and similar electrical appliances - Water for performance testing

QB/T 4830-2015 Household mini electrical washing machine



3 Terms and definitions



For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.



3.1

electric washing machine

appliance driven by electric energy, which is used to wash clothes under the mechanical action



Note 1: Electric washing machines are divided into the following types by the washing mode:



——impeller washing machine: washing machine in which the laundry is totally or partially immersed in the washing water, and washed by the continuous rotation or regular forward and backward rotation of the impeller.



——drum washing machine: washing machine in which the laundry is placed in the drum, partially immersed in water, and washed by the continuous rotation of the drum or regular forward and backward rotation.



——agitator washing machine: washing machine in which the laundry is totally or partially immersed in the washing water and washed by the reciprocating motion of the stirring blades.



——double-drive washing machine: washing machine in which the laundry is completely or partially immersed in the washing water, and washed by the running of the impeller or stirring blade and the inner drum, driven by power in the same system, according to the set constant speed and constant speed ratio.



Note 2: Electric washing machines are divided into the following types by the automation degree and basic structure:



——washing machine: washing machine with washing, rinsing and spinning functions switched by manual operation.



——semi-automatic washing machine: washing machine with any two of the washing, rinsing and spinning functions switched automatically without manual operation.



——automatic washing machine: washing machine with washing, rinsing and spinning functions at the same time, which can be automatically switched without manual operation.



——mini washing machine: washing machine with rated washing capacity ≤1.5kg.



——multi-drum/barrel washing machine: washing machine equipped with two or more drums (barrels) which can be used for washing function, and at least one of which has a "common (standard) washing program" for washing cotton textile.



3.2

extractor

device for removing water from washed textile by mechanical action



3.2.1

spin extractor

device for removing water from washed textile by centrifugal action



3.2.2

device of extractor

device which is combined with a washing machine and removes water from washed textile by centrifugal or squeezing action



3.3

washing container capacity

internal space capacity of the container of a washing machine



3.3.1

washing container effective capacity

washing container capacity of a washing machine measured by the method given in Annex A



3.3.2

washing container rated capacity

washing container capacity of a washing machine stated by the manufacturer



3.4

standard washing textile

loaded textile used to carry out tests related to this standard



Note: There are two kinds of materials, namely cotton and polyester. The cotton standard washing textiles include bed sheets, shirts, napkins and handkerchiefs; the polyester standard washing textile is square towel.



3.5

rated capacity

maximum quality of standard washing textiles in the dry state that the washing machine/extractor can handle at one time as specified by the manufacturer

3.5.1

rated washing capacity

maximum quality of standard washing textiles in the dry state that can be washed at one time as specified by the manufacturer



3.5.2

rated spinning capacity

maximum quality of standard washing textiles in the dry state that can be extracted at one time as specified by the manufacturer



Note: If there is no spinning function, it may not be marked.



3.6

rated consumption of water

water consumption for a complete "common (standard) washing program" for cotton standard washing textiles as stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use



3.6.1

rated water consumption of washing state

approximate amount of water used for one-time washing of cotton standard washing textiles as stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use



Note: If multiple "rated water consumptions of washing state” are stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use, it is advisable to specify the washing machine program corresponding to each water consumption.



3.6.2

rated water consumption of rinsing state

approximate amount of water used for one-time rinsing of cotton standard washing textiles as stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use



Note: If multiple "rated water consumptions of rinsing state” are stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use, it is advisable to specify the washing machine program corresponding to each water consumption.



3.7

test load mass

total mass of standard washing textile and standard test specimen (if contained) used for relevant tests of this standard



Note 1: Whether standard test specimen is contained is determined by specific test requirements.



Note 2: Standard test specimen refers to the test sample cloth other than standard washing textile required to be used in relevant tests, including standard contaminated cloth, standard abrasive specimen and standard wool telescopic specimen.



3.8

test detergent mass

mass of standard detergent to be added when carrying out relevant tests of this standard



3.9

working pressure

water supply pressure or pressure range to ensure the normal operation of the washing machine



3.10

washing water level

position of the static water surface when the corresponding water is injected into the empty washing container, so as to wash the standard washing textile of a certain mass



3.10.1

highest water level

water level for washing the cotton standard washing textile with rated capacity as specified by the manufacturer



3.10.2

lowest water level

water level for washing the cotton standard washing textile with the minimum mass as specified by the manufacturer



3.11

rated working state

state when the washing machine is powered at rated voltage and frequency, loads standard washing textile with rated capacity, and uses "common (standard) washing program" to wash, rinse and spin the textile (when washing, detergent shall be added according to the required dosage)



3.12

standard washing program

common program specified in the product instructions, which shall include the operation process of complete functions of washing, rinsing and spinning (if any)



3.13

rate of washing ability

ratio of the “ratio of washing ability” of the test prototype to that of the reference washing machine



3.14

evenness of washing

consistency of ratio of washing ability of each standard contaminated cloth after test on washing ability

3.15

rate of rinse

used to characterize the ability of washing machine to remove detergent, which is tested and calculated according to the method in Annex E



3.16

rate of abrasion

used to characterize the abrasion degree of washing machine to textile during washing, which is tested and calculated according to the provisions in Annex F 3.17



3.17

off mode

state of the washing machine at which its power supply is switched off using appliance control or switch that is accessible and intended for operation by the end user during normal use, with all controls other than the power switch inoperable, connected to the power supply in accordance with the instructions for use



3.18

standby mode

after the program stops, the appliance can maintain a low energy consumption state for a long time (>5min) when the end user does not interfere with the washing machine except unloading the load



3.19

annual energy consumption

estimated value of accumulated energy consumption, including standby energy consumption and shutdown energy consumption, of a washing machine after 200 complete tests on washing ability according to the test program in Annex C



3.20

wool washing program

program specifically used to wash wool marked on the washing machine or in the instructions for use, which is a running process including washing, rinsing, and spinning functions



3.20.1

wool washing shrinking ratio

percentage of area reduction of standard wool telescopic specimen after test compared with that before test, after a complete wool washing program



3.20.2

wool washing shrinking rate

ratio of the “wool washing shrinking ratio” of the test prototype to that of the reference washing machine

3.20.3

wool washing ratio of abrasion

percentage of mass reduction of standard wool telescopic specimen after test compared with that before test, after a complete wool washing program



3.20.4

wool washing rate of abrasion

ratio of the “wool washing ratio of abrasion” of the test prototype to that of the reference washing machine



4 Product classification



See Annex B for product classification and model designation of washing machines.



5 Technical requirements



5.1 General requirements



5.1.1 General



For multi-drum/barrel washing machine, it shall be examined within the scope of this standard, according to the nominal textile type of each part, by the washing programs stated by the manufacturer or expressed in the instructions for use.



Other types of washing machines shall meet the following requirements.

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Product Classification
5 Technical Requirements
6 Test Methods
7 Inspection Rules
8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
Annex A (Normative) Product Classification and Model Naming
Annex B (Normative) Measurement Method for Washing Container Effective Capacity of Washing Machine
Annex C (Normative) Test Method for Washing Performance
Annex D (Normative) Standard Contaminated Fabric
Annex E (Normative) Test Method for Rinsing Performance
Annex F (Normative) Test Method for Abrasion Performance
Annex G (Normative) Measurement Methods for off/Standby Power of Washing Machine
Annex H (Normative) Calculation Method for Annual Energy Consumption of Washing Machine
Annex I (Normative) Test Method for Wool Washing Performance
Annex J (Normative) Test Method for Vibration Performance of Washing Machine
Annex K (Normative) Grading and Classification of Main Performance Items
References

家用和类似用途电动洗衣机
1 范围
本标准规定了家用和类似用途电动洗衣机(以下简称“洗衣机”)的术语和定义、产品分类、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮存。
本标准适用于单相额定电压不超过250V，在家庭、商店、学校等场所由非专业人员使用的洗衣机(包括脱水机)。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 411 棉印染布
GB/T 1019 家用和类似用途电器包装通则
GB/T 2423.17 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验Ka：盐雾
GB/T 2828.1 计数抽样检验程序 第1部分：按接收质量限(AQL)检索的逐批检验抽样计划
GB/T 2829 周期检验计数抽样程序及表(适用于对过程稳定性的检验)
GB/T 4214.4 家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法 洗衣机和离心式脱水机的特殊要求
GB 4706.1 家用和类似用途电器的安全 第1部分：通用要求
GB 4706.24 家用和类似用途电器的安全 洗衣机的特殊要求
GB 4706.26 家用和类似用途电器的安全 离心式脱水机的特殊要求
GB/T 5296.2 消费品使用说明 第2部分：家用和类似用途电器
GB/T 6682—2008 分析实验室用水规格和试验方法
GB/T 22939.5 家用和类似用途电器包装 电动洗衣机和干衣机的特殊要求
GB/T 23119—2017 家用和类似用途电器 性能测试用水
QB/T 4830—2015 家用微型电动洗衣机
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
电动洗衣机 electric washing machine
使用电能驱动，依靠机械作用洗涤衣物的器具。
注1：电动洗衣机按照洗涤方式分为：
——波轮式洗衣机(impeller washing machine)：被洗涤物全部或部分浸没于洗涤水中，依靠波轮连续转动或定时正反向转动的方式进行洗涤的洗衣机。
——滚筒式洗衣机(drum washing machine)：被洗涤物放在滚筒内，部分浸于水中，依靠滚筒连续转动或定时正反向转动的方式进行洗涤的洗衣机。
——搅拌式洗衣机(agitator washing machine)：被洗涤物全部或部分浸没于洗涤水中，依靠搅拌叶往复运动的方式进行洗涤的洗衣机。
——双驱动洗衣机(double-drive washing machine)：被洗涤物全部或部分浸没于洗涤水中，在同一系统内通过动力分别使波轮或搅拌叶和内桶按照设定的定转速和定转速比进行运转，洗涤衣物的洗衣机。
注2：电动洗衣机按照自动化程度及基本结构分为：
——普通洗衣机(washing machine)：洗涤、漂洗、脱水各功能，全部需通过人工操作进行转换的洗衣机。
——半自动洗衣机(semi-automatic washing machine)：在洗涤、漂洗、脱水各功能之间，其中任意两个功能转换不用人工操作而能自动进行的洗衣机。
——全自动洗衣机(automatic washing machine)：同时具有洗涤、漂洗和脱水功能且各功能之间的转换不用人工操作而能自动进行的洗衣机。
——微型洗衣机(mini washing machine)：额定洗涤容量≤1.5kg的洗衣机。
——多筒(桶)洗衣机(multi-drum/barrel washing machine)：装有两个及以上可用于洗涤功能的筒(桶)的洗衣机且至少一个筒(桶)有可以进行棉质织物洗涤的“常用(标准)洗涤程序”。
3.2
脱水机 extractor
依靠机械作用去除被洗涤织物中水分的器具。
3.2.1
离心式脱水机 spin extractor
依靠离心作用去除被洗涤织物中水分的器具。
3.2.2
脱水装置 device of extractor
与洗衣机组合在一起，靠离心或挤压作用去除被洗涤织物中水分的装置。
3.3
洗涤筒(桶)容积 washing container capacity
洗衣机洗涤筒(桶)的内部空间容量。
3.3.1
洗涤筒(桶)有效容积 washing container effective capacity
按照附录A的方法测得的洗衣机洗涤筒(桶)容积。
3.3.2
洗涤筒(桶)额定容积 washing container rated capacity
由制造商声明的洗衣机洗涤筒(桶)容积。
3.4
标准洗涤织物 standard washing textile
用于进行本标准相关试验的负载织物。
注：共有2种材质，分别为棉质与聚酯。其中棉质标准洗涤织物为床单、衬衫、餐巾及手帕；聚酯标准洗涤织物为方巾。
3.5
额定容量 rated capacity
制造商规定的洗衣机/脱水机一次可处理的干燥状态标准洗涤织物的最大质量。
3.5.1
额定洗涤容量 rated washing capacity
制造商规定一次可洗涤的干燥状态标准洗涤织物的最大质量。
3.5.2
额定脱水容量 rated spinning capacity
制造商规定一次可脱水的干燥状态标准洗涤织物的最大质量。
注：如无脱水功能可不标注。
3.6
额定用水量 rated consumption of water
由制造商声明或使用说明明示，为使用棉质标准洗涤织物进行一次完整的“常用(标准)洗涤程序”的用水量。
3.6.1
额定洗涤用水量 rated water consumption of washingstate
由制造商声明或使用说明明示，为使用棉质标准洗涤织物进行一次洗涤用水量的概约数。
注：如制造商声明或使用说明明示多个“额定洗涤用水量”，宜明确各水量所对应的洗衣机程序。
3.6.2
额定漂洗用水量 rated water consumption of rinsing state
由制造商声明或使用说明明示，为使用棉质标准洗涤织物进行一次漂洗用水量的概约数。
注：如制造商声明或使用说明明示多个“额定漂洗用水量”，宜明确各水量所对应的洗衣机程序。
3.7
试验负载质量 test load mass
进行本标准相关试验所用标准洗涤织物、标准试验样块(如含有)的总质量。
注1：是否含有标准试验样块的质量由具体试验要求确定。
注2：标准试验样块是指相关试验中要求使用的除标准洗涤织物外的试验样布。包括，标准污染布、标准磨损样块标准羊毛伸缩样块。
3.8
试验洗涤剂用量 test detergent mass
进行本标准相关试验时应添加的标准洗涤剂的质量。
3.9
工作水压 working pressure
确保洗衣机正常工作的供水压力或压力范围。
3.10
洗涤水位 washing water level
为洗涤一定质量的标准洗涤织物，在洗涤筒(桶)空载的状态下，向洗涤筒(桶)内注入相应水量时静止水面所在的位置。
3.10.1
最高水位 highest water level
制造商规定洗涤额定容量棉质标准洗涤织物对应的水位。
3.10.2
最低水位 lowest water level
制造商规定洗涤最少质量棉质标准洗涤织物对应的水位。
3.11
额定工作状态 rated working state
洗衣机以额定电压，额定频率供电，装载额定容量的标准洗涤织物，使用“常用(标准)洗涤程序”对织物进行洗涤、漂洗和脱水运行的状态(洗涤时，应按要求剂量添加洗涤剂)。
3.12
常用(标准)洗涤程序 standard washing program
在产品使用说明中规定的常用程序且应包括洗涤、漂洗、脱水(如有)完整功能的运行过程。
3.13
洗净比 rate of washing ability
试验样机洗净率与参比洗衣机洗净率之比。
3.14
洗净均匀度 evenness of washing
洗净试验完成后，所用每块标准污染布洗净率的一致程度。
3.15
漂洗率 rate of rinse
用于表征洗衣机去除洗涤剂的能力，按照附录E的方法进行试验并计算得出。
3.16
磨损率 rate of abrasion
用于表征洗衣机洗涤过程对织物的磨损程度，按照附录F的要求进行试验并计算得出。3.17
关机模式 off mode
洗衣机按照使用说明连接至电源，通过器具上用户可触及并且正常使用过程中打算由终端用户操作的控制器或开关关闭电源后，除电源开关以外所有控制均不能进行操作的状态。
3.18
待机模式 standby mode
程序运行结束后，终端用户除卸载负载外，不对洗衣机进行任何干预，器具能够较长时间(＞5min)保持的低电能消耗状态。
3.19
年耗电量 annual energy consumption
洗衣机按照附录C的试验程序运行200次完整的洗净性能试验累积消耗电能的估计值，包括待机能耗和关机能耗。
3.20
羊毛织物洗涤程序 wool washing program
在洗衣机上标明或使用说明明示的专门用来洗涤羊毛织物的程序，一个包括洗涤、漂洗、脱水完整功能的运行过程。
3.20.1
羊毛织物缩水率 wool washing shrinking ratio
经过一个完整的羊毛织物洗涤程序，标准羊毛伸缩样块试验后相比试验前面积减少的百分比。
3.20.2
羊毛织物缩水比 wool washing shrinking rate
试验样机羊毛织物缩水率与参比洗衣机羊毛织物缩水率之比。
3.20.3
羊毛织物磨损率 wool washing ratio of abrasion
经过一个完整的羊毛织物洗涤程序，标准羊毛伸缩样块试验后相比试验前质量减少的百分比。
3.20.4
羊毛织物磨损比 wool washing rate of abrasion
试验样机羊毛织物磨损率与参比洗衣机羊毛织物磨损率之比。
4 产品分类
洗衣机的产品分类及型号命名见附录B。
5 技术要求
5.1 一般要求
5.1.1 概述
对于多筒(桶)洗衣机，应在本标准规定范围内，按其各部分标称的织物类型使用制造商声明或使用说明明示的洗涤程序进行考核。
其他类型的洗衣机应符合下述要求。
5.1.2 工作条件
如无制造商特别要求，则按照下述条件运行：
a) 环境温度为0℃～40℃；
b) 环境相对湿度在95％以下(温度为25℃时)。
5.2 供电电源及试运行
洗衣机使用的电源为单相交流，额定电压为220V～250V，额定频率为50Hz(特殊要求除外)。按照洗衣机产品使用说明的要求操作，洗衣机应能运行，并能完成产品使用说明所述功能(关于这些功能的技术要求，如本标准无相关规定，可执行相应的国家标准、行业标准或备案的企业产品标准)。
5.3 洗涤筒(桶)有效容积
按照6.4规定的方法进行测量。
洗衣机洗涤筒(桶)容积测量值不应低于其额定值的95％。
5.4 洗净性能
微型洗衣机按照QB/T 4830—2015的相关要求进行试验，洗净比应≥0.65。
其他类型洗衣机按照6.5规定的方法进行试验，洗净比应≥0.70。
5.5 洗净均匀度
按照6.6规定的方法进行计算。
洗衣机的洗净均匀度应符合表1的规定值。
表1 洗净均匀度的规定值
洗衣机类型 限定值/％
波轮式洗衣机 ≥86.0
搅拌式洗衣机 ≥94.0
滚筒式洗衣机 ≥92.0
5.6 漂洗性能
按照6.7规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机的漂洗率应不低于92％。
5.7 磨损性能
按照6.8规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机对标准磨损样块的磨损率应符合表2的规定值。
表2 磨损率的规定值
洗衣机类型 限定值/％
波轮式洗衣机 ≤15.0
搅拌式洗衣机 ≤20.0
滚筒式洗衣机 ≤15.0
5.8 脱水性能
按照6.9规定的方法进行试验。
经脱水机或洗衣机的脱水装置脱水后，试验负载的含水率应≤115.0％。
5.9 脱水转速
按照6.9.3规定的方式进行试验。
由铭牌、标识或使用说明明示脱水转速的洗衣机，使用额定容量负载进行试验，其脱水转速实测值应不低于明示值的92％或实测值与明示值之差≤100r/min，两者取较小值，且持续运行时间应≥60s。
5.10 单位用水量
按照6.10规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机按照附录C的相关要求进行洗净性能试验，单位洗涤容量用水量应符合表3的规定值。
表3 单位洗涤容量用水量的规定值
洗衣机类型 限定值/[L/(cycle·kg)]
波轮式洗衣机 ≤32
搅拌式洗衣机 ≤40
滚筒式洗衣机 ≤18
5.11 单位用电量
按照6.11规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机按照附录C的相关要求进行洗净性能试验，单位洗涤容量用电量应符合表4的规定值。
表4 单位洗涤容量用电量的规定值
洗衣机类型 限定值/[(kW·h)/(cycle·kg)]
波轮式洗衣机 ≤0.032
搅拌式洗衣机 ≤0.032
滚筒式洗衣机 ≤0.350
5.12 关机/待机功率
按照6.12规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机关机功率应≤1.0W。
洗衣机待机功率应≤2.0W。
5.13 羊毛织物洗涤性能
洗衣机按照6.14规定的方法，使用制造商声明或使用说明明示的程序分别进行试验。
试验结果应符合表5的规定值。
表5 羊毛织物洗涤性能的规定值
试验项目 限定值
羊毛织物洗净比 ≥0.65
羊毛织物缩水比 ≤0.70
羊毛织物磨损比 ≤0.70(波轮)
≤0.75(搅拌)
≤0.60(滚筒)
5.14 噪声
按照6.15规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机洗涤时的声功率级噪声值应≤62dB(A计权)。
洗衣机脱水时：
——最高额定转速≤1200r/min，其声功率级噪声值应≤72dB(A计权)；
——最高额定转速＞1200r/min，其声功率级噪声值应≤76dB(A计权)。
5.15 振动性能
按照6.16规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机脱水运行过程中，箱体上边沿4点，以及上、左、右各面几何中心位置(如图J.1所示)的位移峰值应符合表6的规定值。
表6 箱体各测量点位置的位移峰值
项目 规格 限定值 mm
箱体各测量点位置的位移峰值 滚筒式洗衣机洗涤筒额定容积≤40L ≤0.6
波轮/搅拌式洗衣机洗涤桶额定容积≤50L
滚筒式洗衣机洗涤筒额定容积＞40L ≤0.8
波轮/搅拌式洗衣机洗涤桶额定容积＞50L
5.16 进水管和排水管弯曲性能
按照6.17规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机进水管进行500次、排水管进行600次弯曲寿命试验后，在额定工作状态下，水管不应发生断裂或漏水现象。
5.17 无故障运行
按照6.18规定的方法进行试验。
洗衣机在额定工作状态下，无故障工作次数或时间应不低于表7的规定值。试验后应能继续正常工作，离心式脱水机及脱水装置制动时间应≤20s。
表7 洗衣机无故障运行次数或时间的规定值
洗衣机类型 无故障运行次数或时间
普通洗衣机 以定时器一个满量程为一次，共4000次
半自动及全自动洗衣机 以运行一个完整的“常用(标准)洗涤程序”为一次，波轮/搅拌式洗衣机2000次，滚筒式洗衣机2300h
离心式脱水机及脱水装置 按照断续周期工作，共6000次
5.18 明示值允许偏差
在本标准规定的试验条件下，洗衣机的洗净比、洗净均匀度、漂洗率、磨损率、含水率、用水量、用电量的实测值与其产品上或使用说明明示值的偏差应不超出表8所示偏差。
表8 洗衣机各指标的明示值允许偏差的规定值
试验项目 偏差
洗净比 －0.035
洗净均匀度 －0.4％
漂洗率 －0.8％
磨损率 ＋0.8％
含水率 ＋3％
用水量 ＋5％
用电量 ＋7％
注1：洗净比、洗净均匀度、漂洗率、磨损率、含水率偏差是指实测值与明示值的差值。用水量、用电量是实测值与明示值的差值再与明示值的比值(以百分数表示)。
注2：如产品除标有额定用水量外，还标有额定洗涤用水量或额定漂洗用水量，则分别考核。
5.19 整机结构及常规检查
整体结构及常规检查项目应符合以下要求：
a) 内部部件：洗衣机中的紧固件及其他零部件应符合相关标准的要求，其易损件应便于更换。
b) 洗涤/脱水筒(桶)内表面检查：洗衣机洗涤/脱水筒(桶)内壁及与洗涤物接触的零部件表面应光滑。正常使用时，不应夹扯和损伤洗涤物。
c) 试运行：洗衣机按照最高水量完成注水，运行时洗衣机不应漏水。
注：除使用注水的方法进行泄漏检查外，也可使用能实现同等效果的方法(如，注气)进行泄漏检查。
d) 洗涤检查：洗衣机按照最高水量完成注水，按照试验负载质量添加标准洗涤织物，将机盖盖好后，运行时水不应溢到机外。洗衣机不应漏水，应能正常洗涤。
e) 水位检查：洗衣机应有水位控制装置，或在洗涤桶内壁明显位置标有最高水位和最低水位的耐久性标志。
f) 热水运行试验：洗衣机使用55℃热水，按照最长洗涤程序运行，应能正常工作至该程序结束。
5.20 材料
产品材料应符合以下要求：
a) 钢铁件：表面应进行防锈蚀处理，如采用电镀、涂漆、搪瓷等有效的方法进行处理。
b) 电镀件：表面应光滑细密、色泽均匀，不得有剥落、露底、针孔、鼓泡及明显的花斑、划伤等缺陷，按照6.20的要求进行试验，镀层不应出现锈蚀点。
c) 不锈钢件：按照6.20的要求进行试验，试验后不应出现锈蚀点。
d) 塑料件：表面应平整光滑、色泽均匀、耐老化，不应有裂纹、气泡、缩孔等缺陷。
e) 涂漆件或涂塑件：涂饰层应附着力强，结合牢固，不应有明显的气泡、流痕、漏涂、底漆外露、皱纹、裂痕等现象，按照6.21的要求进行试验后，腐蚀宽度不应大于1mm。
6 试验方法
6.1 试验条件
试验在下述条件下进行：
a) 除对试验环境条件另作具体要求的试验外，型式试验应在环境温度为(23±2)℃，相对湿度为(65±5)％，无外界气流，无强烈阳光和其他热幅射作用的室内进行。
b) 试验电源：
单相交流正弦波，电压和频率波动范围不得超过额定值的±1％。
c) 试验水温：
——冷水：(15±2)℃。适用于滚筒式洗衣机/参比洗衣机洗涤及漂洗过程进水；适用于羊毛织物洗涤性能试验漂洗过程进水。
——温水：(30±2)℃。适用于波轮/搅拌式洗衣机/参比洗衣机洗涤及漂洗过程进水。
——热水：(40±2)℃。适用于羊毛织物洗涤性能试验无加热装置的洗衣机洗涤过程进水。
d) 试验水压：
自动完成注水的洗衣机进水管所接入的试验用水水压应为(0.24±0.05)MPa。洗衣机试验运行全过程均保持该水压。
e) 试验水硬度：试验用水的硬度为0.4mmol/L～0.6mmol/L，应按照GB/T 23119—2008的相关要求制备。试验用水与标准洗涤织物预处理用水的水硬度应一致。
注：水硬度为对Ca2＋离子与Mg2＋离子的总硬度，单位为毫摩尔每升(mmol/L)。
6.2 试验仪器仪表
试验用仪器仪表的性能、量程、不确定度等参数应满足下列要求：
a) 温度计：单位为摄氏度(℃)，分辨力≤1.0℃，不确定度≤1.0℃；
b) 湿度计：以％表示，不确定度≤3％；
c) 计时器：单位为秒(s)，分辨力≤0.1s，不确定度≤0.02s；
d) 称重工具：
——用于测量试验负载质量的称重工具：单位为千克(kg)，分辨力≤1g，不确定度≤5g；
——用于测量洗涤剂质量的称重工具：单位为克(g)，分辨力≤0.01g，不确定度≤0.02g(50g～100g)；不确定度≤0.03g(100g～200g)；
——用于测量标准磨损样块，标准羊毛伸缩样块质量的称重工具：单位为克(g)，分辨力≤0.01g，不确定度≤0.05g；
——用于测量计算洗涤筒(桶)容积的称重工具：单位为千克(kg)，分辨力≤0.01kg；
e) 电参数测量仪：
——用于测量累计耗电量的电能测量仪：单位为瓦时(W·h)，分辨力≤0.1W·h，不确定度1％，采样频率≤1次/s；
——用于测量关机/待机功率的功率测量仪：单位为瓦(W)，精度≤0.01W。测量功率≥0.5W时，不确定度≤2％；测量功率＜0.5W时，不确定度≤0.01W，采样频率≤1次/s；
f) 液体流量计：单位为升(L)，分辨力≤0.01L，不确定度≤0.1L；
g) 水压力计：单位为帕(Pa)，分辨力≤0.02MPa；
h) 直尺：单位为毫米(mm)，分辨力≤1mm；
i) 白度计(或光电反射率计)：以％表示，分辨力≤0.01％，应符合一级白度计指标；
j) 电位滴定仪：单位为毫升(mL)，最小滴定量≤0.01mL/次，滴定重复性≤0.3％；pH电极分辨力≤0.01；
k) 振动测试仪：应能同时测量转速稳定条件下7个点的加速度峰值、速度峰值、位移峰值及脱水转速值。其中，加速度峰值分辨力≤0.1m/s2；速度峰值分辨力≤0.1cm/s；位移峰值分辨力0.01mm；测振仪器可分辨频率区间为2Hz～200Hz。
用于型式试验的电工测量仪表，除已具体规定的仪表外，其精度应不低于0.5级，出厂检验应不低于1.0级。
6.3 样机正式试验前的准备及要求
正式试验前应完成以下准备工作：
a) 试验前，试验样机应运行2次完整的“常用(标准)洗涤程序”。第1次运行无试验负载，使用50g固体标准洗涤剂；第2次运行无试验负载，无洗涤剂。运行结束后，应在试验环境条件下放置至少2h，再进行试验。
b) 试验样机和参比洗衣机应在同一试验条件下，使用同一批次标准试验样块进行试验。
c) 除试验有特殊要求外，所有试验项目应使用同一程序进行。
d) 对于单独的脱水机，棉质标准洗涤织物应在符合6.1相关要求的试验用水中浸泡1h后使用。
6.4 洗涤筒(桶)有效容积测量
洗衣机按照附录A进行洗涤筒(桶)有效容积测量。