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This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization — Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This document replaces GB/T 20370-2006 Biocatalyst — Guideline for enzyme preparation nomenclature. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20370-2006:
——The standard name has been modified;
——The application scope of this standard has been modified (see Clause 1 herein; Clause 1 of Edition 2006);
——The normative references have been modified (see Clause 2 herein; Clause 2 of Edition 2006);
——The terms and definitions of "enzyme preparation", "enzyme used under low temperature", "enzyme used under middle temperature", "enzyme used under high temperature", "acidic enzyme", "neutral enzyme" and "alkaline enzyme" have been modified (see 3.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11 and 3.12 herein; 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 of Edition 2006);
——The terms and definitions of "ribozyme", "intracellular enzyme", "extracellular enzyme", "enzyme activity" and "activity unit" have been added (see 3.2, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15 and 3.16 herein);
——The terms and definitions of "enzyme used under normal temperature", "enzyme preparation for food industry", "enzyme preparation for feed industry" and "enzyme preparation for other industries" have been deleted (see 3.5, 3.11, 3.12 and 3.13 of Edition 2006);
——The "Classification by preparations type" has been added (see 4.3 herein);
——The "Classification by enzyme preparation use" and "Classification by enzyme substrate" have been modified (see 4.4 and 4.6 herein, 4.1 and 4.4 in Edition 2006);
——The "Naming and numbering" has been modified (see Clause 5 herein; Clause 5 of Edition 2006);
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 64 National Technical Committee on Food Industry of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this document are as follows:
——This standard was firstly issued as GB/T 20370-2006 Biocatalyst — Guideline for enzyme preparation nomenclature in 2006;
——This edition is the first revision, and its name has been modified to Guideline for enzyme preparations classification.
Guideline for enzyme preparations classification
1 Scope
This document specifies the terms and definitions, classification and naming of enzyme preparation products.
This document is applicable to the enzyme preparation industry.
2 Normative reference
There is no normative reference in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
enzyme
biocatalyst produced by living cells that catalyzes specific biochemical reactions
3.2
ribozyme
ribonueleic acid (abbreviated as RNA) molecule with catalytic function
3.3
enzyme preparation
biological products with catalytic activity after separation, extraction and processing
Note: Enzyme preparation contains formula components which are easy to store and use.
3.4
single enzyme preparations
enzyme preparation with single system name and specific catalytic effect
3.5
compound enzyme preparations
enzyme preparation containing two or more single enzymes
Note: It may be produced by single microbial fermentation or compounded by single enzyme preparation.
3.6
substrate
substances acted on by enzymatic reactions
3.7
enzyme used under low temperature
enzyme whose optimum catalytic reaction temperature is less than 30 °C
3.8
enzyme used under middle temperature
enzyme whose optimum catalytic reaction temperature is 30 °C ~ 60 °C
3.9
enzyme used under high temperature
enzyme whose optimum catalytic reaction temperature is greater than 60 °C
3.10
acidic enzyme
enzyme whose pH value of optimum action is less than 6.0
3.11
neutral enzyme
enzyme whose pH value of optimum action is 6.0 ~ 8.0
3.12
alkaline enzyme
enzyme whose pH value of optimum action is greater than 6.0
3.13
intracellular enzyme
enzyme that is free in cells or firmly combine with membranes and cell particles to catalyze after intracellular synthesis
3.14
extracellular enzyme
enzyme that is secreted and released extracellular for catalytic action after intracellular synthesis
3.15
enzyme activity
ability of enzyme to catalyze a specific reaction under certain conditions which is a characteristic and exclusive index for expressing enzyme preparation products
3.16
active unit
amount of enzyme that is required to transform 1 μmol of substrate or 1 μmol of related groups in substrate within 1 min under specific conditions
Note: The international unit of enzyme activity is IU.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification by source
According to the source, it can be classified into the following three categories:
a) animals;
b) plants;
c) microorganisms.
4.2 Classification by product component
According to the product component, it can be classified into the following two categories:
a) single enzyme preparations;
b) compound enzyme preparations.
4.3 Classification by preparations type
According to the preparations type, it can be classified into the following three categories:
a) liquid;
b) powder;
c) particles.
4.4 Classification by function
4.4.1 Enzyme preparation for food industry
Enzyme preparation used for food processing.
4.4.2 Enzyme preparation for industrial use
Enzyme preparation for textile, washing, leather, paper and other industries.
4.4.3 Enzyme preparation for agriculture
Enzyme preparation used in feed processing, animal husbandry, fishery, planting and other agriculture.
4.4.4 Other enzyme preparations
Enzyme preparations, such as ribozymes, tool enzymes, etc., are used outside the fields specified in 4.4.1, 4.4.2 and 4.4.3 herein.
4.5 Classification by catalytic conditions
According to catalytic conditions, it can be classified into the following six categories:
a) acidic enzymes;
b) neutral enzymes;
c) alkaline enzymes;
d) enzymes used under low temperature;
e) enzymes used under middle temperature;
f) enzymes used under high temperature.
4.6 Classification by substrate
According to the substrate, it can be classified into the following five categories:
a) carbohydrate enzymes;
b) proteases;
c) lipases;
d) nuclease;
e) other enzymes.
4.7 Classification by reaction type
According to the reaction type, it can be classified into the following six categories:
a) oxidoreductases;
b) transferases;
c) hydrolases;
d) synthases;
e) isomerases;
f) synthetases (ligases).
5 Naming
5.1 System naming
5.1.1 Oxidoreductases
Enzymes that catalyze the redox reactions of substrates, including the transfer of electrons or hydrogen and reactions involving molecular oxygen. Common enzymes include dehydrogenase, oxidase, reductase and peroxidase etc.
For example: EC1: oxidoreductase
EC1.1: acting on CH-OH of the donor
EC1.1.1: NAD + or NADP + as receptor
EC 1.1.1.1: alcohol dehydrogenase
5.1.2 Transferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer or exchange of certain groups of substrates, such as methyltransferase, aminotransferase, sulfur transferase, etc.
For example: EC2: transferases
EC2.1: transferring a Carbon
EC2.1.1: methyltransferase
EC2.1.1.1: Nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase
EC2.1.1.2: Guanidinoacetate-N-methyltransferase
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative reference
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Naming
