标准编号:	GB 38900-2020
中文名称:	机动车安全技术检验项目和方法
英文名称:	Items and methods for safety technology inspection of motor vehicles
中标分类:	R80    交通管理综合
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	43.180 43.180    检查、维修和试验设备 43.180
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2020-05-26
实施日期:	2021-1-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB 21861-2014 机动车安全技术检验项目和方法 GB 18565-2016 道路运输车辆综合性能要求和检验方法
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	60000 字
翻译价格(元):	1990.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All technical contents of this standard are compulsory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB 21861-2014 Items and methods of motor vehicles safety technology inspection and GB 18565-2016 Composite performance requirement and detecting methods for road transport vehicles. This standard is developed by reference to GB 21861-2014 and integrating the necessary safety inspection contents of GB 18565-2016. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 21861-2014: ——The scope is modified (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The term “safety inspection of unregistered vehicles” and its definition are modified (see 3.1.1; 3.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The term “safety inspection of in-use vehicles” and its definition are modified (see 3.1.2; 3.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The term “inspection of vehicle identification” and its definition are modified (see 3.1.3; 3.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirement that the inspection items shall be determined according to the vehicle type approved by GB 7258 and GA 802 during safety inspection of unregistered vehicles is added (see 4.4); ——The table of items for safety technology inspection is modified (see Table 1 and Table 2; Table 1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The basic requirements for motor vehicles submitted for inspection are modified (see 5.1.1; 5.1.2.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirement that the certificate of compulsory liability insurance for motor vehicle traffic accidents shall be provided during safety inspection of in-use vehicles is modified (see 5.1.2; 5.1.2.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for safety technology inspection process of motor vehicles are modified (see 5.1.3; 5.1.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for minimum inspection time of each station during the safety technology inspection of motor vehicles are modified (see Table 3; Table 2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The table of methods for safety technology inspection is modified (see Table 4; Table 3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for Internet query are modified (see 6.1; 6.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for license plate number and classification, vehicle brand and model are modified (see 6.2.1; 6.1.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for vehicle identification number (or complete vehicle ex-factory number) are modified (see 6.2.2; 6.1.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for engine number/driving motor number are modified (see 6.2.3; 6.1.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for vehicle body color and vehicle appearance are modified (see 6.2.4; 6.1.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for overall dimension are modified (see 6.3.1; 6.3.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for wheel base are modified (see 6.3.2; 6.3.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for approved passengers capacity and seats arrangement are modified (see 6.3.3; 6.3.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for height of column boards are modified (see 6.3.4; 6.3.5 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for suspension are modified (see 6.3.5.1; 6.3.6.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for bus export are modified (see 6.3.6; 6.3.7 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for passenger passages and approach roads are modified (see 6.3.7; 6.3.8 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for compartment/tank are modified (see 6.3.8; 6.3.9 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for vehicle body appearance are modified (see 6.4.1; 6.4.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for appearance identification, labeling and plate are modified (see 6.4.2; 6.4.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for external lighting and signaling devices are modified (see 6.4.3.1; 6.4.3.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for tyre are modified (see 6.4.4; 6.4.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for license plate/license plate board (rack) are modified (see 6.4.5; 6.4.5 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for installation/modification of lamps are modified (see 6.4.6; 6.4.6 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for vehicle safety belts are modified (see 6.5.1; 6.5.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for the reminding device for wearing of vehicle safety belt are added (see 6.5.1.2); ——The requirements for safety accessories for emergency parking are modified (see 6.5.2; 6.5.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for fire extinguishers are modified (see 6.5.3; 6.5.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for traveling recording device are modified (see 6.5.4; 6.5.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for retro-reflective markings are modified (see 6.5.5; 6.5.5 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers are modified (see 6.5.6; 6.5.6 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for lateral protection, rear underrun protection and front underrun protection are modified (see 6.5.7; 6.5.7 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for emergency hammer are modified (see 6.5.8; 6.5.8 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for speed limit/alarm function or device are modified (see 6.5.10; 6.5.10 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for anti-lock braking devices are modified (see 6.5.11; 6.5.11 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for auxiliary braking devices are modified (see 6.5.12; 6.5.12 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for disc brakes are modified (see 6.5.13; 6.5.13 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for automatic adjustment device for brake clearance are added (see 6.5.14); ——The requirements for emergency shutoff device are modified (see 6.5.15; 6.5.14 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for automatic fire extinguisher in engine compartment are modified (see 6.5.16; 6.5.15 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for manual mechanical power-off switch are modified (see 6.5.17; 6.5.16 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for auxiliary brake pedals are modified (see 6.5.18; 6.5.17 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for warning lamps for school bus and signs for school bus stop are modified (see 6.5.19; 6.5.18 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for marking for dangerous goods transport vehicles are modified (see 6.5.20; 6.5.19 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for separation facilities in driver's compartment are added (see 6.5.21); ——The requirements for steering system components are modified (see 6.7.1; 6.7.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for transmission system components are modified (see 6.7.2; 6.7.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for driving system components are modified (see 6.7.3; 6.7.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for braking system components are modified (see 6.7.4; 6.7.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for other components are modified (see 6.7.5; 6.7.5 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for unladen mass during safety inspection of in-use vehicles are added (see 6.8.1.2); ——The requirements for service brake are modified (see 6.8.2; 6.8.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for parking brake are modified (see 6.8.3; 6.8.2 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for headlamp are modified (see 6.8.4; 6.8.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for indication error of speedometer are deleted (see 6.8.4 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for lateral side slip of steered wheel are modified (see 6.8.5; 6.8.5 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirement for copies of inspection report is modified (see 7.2.1.1; 7.2.1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The requirements for the transfer of data and images by the inspection agency are modified (see 7.2.1.2 and 7.2.2.3; 7.2.2 and 7.3.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The disposal requirements when the unladen mass during safety inspection of in-use vehicles is unacceptable are added (see 7.2.3.3); ——The requirements for archiving the inspection data are modified (see 7.3; 7.2.3 of GB 21861-2014); ——The inspection of indication error of speedometer is deleted (see Annex E of GB 21861-2014); ——The diagram for safety technology inspection process of motor vehicles is modified (see Figure A.1; Figure 1 of GB 21861-2014); ——The safety technology inspection process of motor vehicles is added (see Annex A); ——The measurement of overall dimension is modified (see Annex B; Annex A of GB 21861-2014); ——The measurement of kerb mass/unladen mass is modified (see Annex C; Annex B of GB 21861-2014); ——The braking performance inspection is modified (see Annex D; Annex C of GB 21861-2014); ——The headlamp inspection is modified (see Annex E; Annex D of GB 21861-2014); ——The inspection of lateral side slip of steered wheel is modified (see Annex F; Annex F of GB 21861-2014); ——The safety technology inspection report (form) of motor vehicles is modified (see Annex G; Annex G of GB 21861-2014); ——The safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the manual inspection part) is modified (see Annex H; Annex H of GB 21861-2014); ——The safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the apparatus inspection part) is modified (see Annex I; Annex I of GB 21861-2014). The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 18565-2016: ——Some terms and definitions are deleted (see Clause 3 of GB 18565-2016); ——The methods for safety inspection of in-use vehicles are modified (see Clause 5; Clause 6 of GB 18565-2016); ——The requirements for safety inspection of unregistered vehicles are modified (see Clause 6; Clause 4 of GB 18565-2016); ——The requirements for safety inspection of in-use vehicles are modified (see Clause 6; Clause 5 of GB 18565-2016); ——Judgment and disposal of test results and data archiving are modified (see Clause 7; Clause 7 of GB 18565-2016); ——The safety technology inspection report (form) of motor vehicles is modified (see Annex G; Annex C of GB 18565-2016); ——The safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the manual inspection part) is modified (see Annex H; Annex A of GB 18565-2016); ——The safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the apparatus inspection part) is modified (see Annex I; Annex B of GB 18565-2016). This standard was jointly proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China and the State Administration for Market Regulation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China. The previous editions of this standard are as follows: ——GB 21861-2008, GB 21861-2014; ——GB 18565-2001, GB 18565-2016. Items and methods for safety technology inspection of motor vehicles 1 Scope This standard specifies the items, methods and requirements for safety technology inspection of motor vehicles, as well as the judgment and disposal of test results, and data archiving. This standard is applicable to the safety technology inspection of motor vehicles by institutions with inspection and testing qualifications. This standard is also applicable to the safety technology inspection of motor vehicles by institutions engaged in inspection and testing of imported motor vehicles. Motor vehicles that have been approved for actual road tests and temporary entry motor vehicles may be subjected to safety technology inspection with reference to this standard. This standard is not applicable to the safety technology inspection of tractors running on roads such as tractor towing trailer for transportation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers GB 7258 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads GB 7258-2017 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads GB 11567 Motor vehicles and trailers-lateral and rear underrun protection requirements GB 13094 The safety requirements for bus construction GB 13392 The vehicle mark for road transportation dangerous goods GB 16735 Road vehicles - Vehicle identification number (VIN) GB/T 17676 Natural gas vehicle and liquefied petroleum gas vehicle Identification marks GB/T 18284 QR code GB 18564.1 Road tanker for dangerous liquid goods transportation - Part 1: Technical requirements of atmospheric pressure metal tank GB 18564.2 Road tanker for dangerous liquid goods transportation - Part 2: Technical requirements of atmospheric pressure non-metal tank GB/T 19056 Vehicle travelling data recorder GB 19151 Warning triangles for motor vehicle GB 20300 Safety specifications for road transportation vehicle of explosive substance and chemical toxic substance GB 23254 Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers GB 24315 The marker for school bus GB 24407 The safety technique specifications of special school buses GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers GB/T 26765 Specifications for power-driven vehicle safety inspection business information system and networking GB 34655 Specifications for extinguishing equipment arrangement in bus GA 36 License plates of motor vehicles of the Peoples Republic of China GA 802 Road traffic management - Types of motor vehicles GA 804 Special fixing device for license plate of motor vehicle GA 1186 General technical specifications for monitoring system of vehicle safety inspection 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 7258 and GA 802 as well as the following apply. 3.1.1 safety inspection of unregistered vehicles safety technology inspection of the motor vehicles being applied for registration 3.1.2 safety inspection of in-use vehicles safety technology inspection of the registered motor vehicles 3.1.3 inspection of vehicle identification inspection of the license plate number and classification of motor vehicle, vehicle brand and model, vehicle identification number (or complete vehicle ex-factory number), engine number/driving motor number, vehicle body color and vehicle appearance, etc. to confirm the uniqueness of the motor vehicle submitted for inspection Note: The engine number/driving motor number includes the model and ex-factory number of the engine/driving motor. 3.1.4 inspection of parameters of vehicle characteristics inspection of main characteristics and technical parameters of motor vehicles such as the overall dimension, kerb mass/unladen mass, approved passengers capacity, etc., to confirm the conformity with the national safety technical standards for motor vehicles, motor vehicle product announcements, motor vehicle ex-factory certificate, motor vehicle driving license and other technical documents 3.1.5 dynamic inspection of chassis qualitative judgment of whether the steering, transmission, braking, instruments and indicators of a running motor vehicle meet the running safety requirements 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply. ABS: Anti-lock Braking System EBS: Electronic Braking System ECU: Electronic Control Unit EDR: Event Data Recorder EPS: Electric Power Steering MFDD: Mean Fully Developed Deceleration PDA: Personal Digital Assistant REESS: Rechargeable Energy Storage System VIN: Vehicle Identification Number 4 Inspection items 4.1 See Table 1 for the items for safety inspection of unregistered vehicles and Table 2 for the items for safety inspection of in-use vehicles. 4.2 When inspecting the entry motor vehicle that needs to obtain a motor vehicle license to run on the road, the items for safety inspection of unregistered vehicles specified in Table 1 shall be covered and the inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements for safety inspection of unregistered vehicles. 4.3 The items for safety technology inspection of wheeled mobile machinery for special purpose and trams shall be determined with reference to Table 1 and Table 2. 4.4 The inspection items shall be determined according to the vehicle type approved by GB 7258 and GA 802 during safety inspection of unregistered vehicles.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 4 Inspection items 5 Inspection methods 6 Inspection requirements 7 Judgment and disposal of inspection results and data archiving 8 Requirements for the standard implementation transition period Annex A (Informative) Safety technology inspection process of motor vehicles Annex B (Normative) Measurement of overall dimension Annex C (Normative) Measurement of kerb mass/unladen mass Annex D (Normative) Braking performance inspection Annex E (Normative) Headlamp inspection Annex F (Normative) Inspection of lateral side slip of steered wheel Annex G (Normative) Safety technology inspection report of motor vehicle (form) Annex H (Normative) Safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the manual inspection part) Annex I (Normative) Safety technology inspection sheet of motor vehicles (the apparatus inspection part) Bibliography

机动车安全技术检验项目和方法 1 范围 本标准规定了机动车安全技术检验的检验项目、检验方法、检验要求，以及检验结果判定、处置和资料存档。 本标准适用于具备检验检测资质的机构对机动车进行安全技术检验。本标准也适用于从事进口机动车检验检测的机构对入境机动车进行安全技术检验。经批准进行实际道路试验的机动车和临时入境的机动车，可参照本标准进行安全技术检验。 本标准不适用于拖拉机运输机组等上道路行驶的拖拉机的安全技术检验。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB 1589汽车、挂车和汽车列车外廓尺寸、轴荷及质量限值 GB/T 3730.2 道路车辆 质量 词汇和代码 GB 4785 汽车及挂车外部照明和光信号装置的安装规定 GB 7258 机动车运行安全技术条件 GB 7258—2017 机动车运行安全技术条件 GB 11567 汽车及挂车侧面和后下部防护要求 GB 13094客车结构安全要求 GB 13392道路运输危险货物车辆标志 GB 16735 道路车辆 车辆识别代号(VIN) GB/T 17676 天然气汽车和液化石油气汽车 标志 GB/T 18284 快速响应矩阵码 GB 18564.1 道路运输液体危险货物罐式车辆 第1部分：金属常压罐体技术要求 GB 18564.2道路运输液体危险货物罐式车辆 第2部分：非金属常压罐体技术要求 GB/T 19056 汽车行驶记录仪 GB 19151 机动车用三角警告牌 GB 20300道路运输爆炸品和剧毒化学品车辆安全技术条件 GB 23254货车及挂车 车身反光标识 GB 24315校车标识 GB 24407专用校车安全技术条件 GB 25990车辆尾部标志板 GB/T 26765 机动车安全技术检验业务信息系统及联网规范 GB 34655 客车灭火装备配置要求 GA 36 中华人民共和国机动车号牌 GA 802道路交通管理 机动车类型 GA 804机动车号牌专用固封装置 GA 1186机动车安全技术检验监管系统通用技术条件 3术语、定义和缩略语 3.1术语和定义 GB 7258和GA 802界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1.1 注册登记安全检验safety inspection of unregistered vehicles 对申请注册登记的机动车进行的安全技术检验。 3.1.2 在用机动车安全检验safety inspection of in-use vehicles 对已注册登记的机动车进行的安全技术检验。 3.1.3 车辆唯一性检查inspection of vehicle identification 对机动车的号牌号码和分类、车辆品牌和型号、车辆识别代号(或整车出厂编号)、发动机号码/驱动电机号码、车身颜色和车辆外形等特征进行检查，以确认送检机动车的唯一性。 注：发动机号码/驱动电机号码包括发动机/驱动电机的型号和出厂编号。 3.1.4 车辆特征参数检查inspection of parameters of vehicle characteristics 对机动车的外廓尺寸、整备质量/空车质量、核定载人数等车辆主要特征和技术参数进行检查，确认与机动车国家安全技术标准、机动车产品公告、机动车出厂合格证、机动车行驶证等技术凭证资料的符合性。 3.1.5 底盘动态检验dynamic inspection of chassis 在行驶状态下，定性地判断机动车的转向、传动、制动、仪表和指示器是否符合运行安全要求。 3.2 缩略语 下列缩略语适用于本文件。 ABS：防抱制动系统(Anti-lock Braking System) EBS：电控制动系统(Electronic Braking System) ECU：电子控制单元(Electronic Control Unit) EDR：事件数据记录系统(Event Data Recorder) EPS：电动助力转向系统(Electric Power Steering) MFDD：充分发出的平均减速度(Mean Fully Developed Deceleration) PDA：智能终端(Personal Digital Assistant) REESS：可充电储能系统(Rechargeable Energy Storage System) VIN：车辆识别代码(Vehicle Identification Number) 4检验项目 4.1 机动车注册登记安全检验项目见表1，在用机动车安全检验项目见表2。 4.2对需领取机动车牌证方可上道路行驶的入境机动车检验时，应覆盖表1规定的注册登记安全检验项目，并按照注册登记安全检验要求执行。 4.3轮式专用机械车、有轨电车的安全技术检验项目，参照表1和表2确定。 4.4机动车注册登记安全检验时，应按照GB 7258和GA 802核定的车辆类型确定检验项目。 表1 机动车安全技术检验项目表(注册登记安全检验) 序号 检验项目 适用车辆类型 载客汽车 货车(三轮汽车除外)、专项作业车 挂车 三轮汽车 摩托车 非营运a小型、微型载客汽车 其他类型载客汽车 1 联网查询 车辆事故、违法、安全缺陷召回等信息 ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 车辆唯一 性检查 车辆品牌和型号 ● ● ● ● ● ● 车辆识别代号(或整车出厂编号) ● ● ● ● ● ● 发动机号码/驱动电机号码 ● ● ● ● ● 车身颜色和车辆外形 ● ● ● ● ● ● 3 车辆特征 参数检查 外廓尺寸 ● ● ● ● ○ 轴距 ● ● 核定载人数和座椅布置 ● ● ● ○ 栏板高度 ○ ○ 悬架 ● ● 客车出口 ○ 客车乘客通道和引道 ○ 货厢/罐体 ○ ○ ● 4 车辆外观 检查 车身外观 ● ● ● ● ● ● 外观标识、标注和标牌 ● ● ● ● ● 外部照明和信号装置 ● ● ● ● ● ● 轮胎 ● ● ● ● ● ● 号牌板(架) ● ● ● ● ● ● 加装/改装灯具 ● ● ● ● 5 安全装置 检查 汽车安全带 ● ● ● 应急停车安全附件 ● ● ● ○ 灭火器 ○ ○ ○ 行驶记录装置 ○ ○ 车身反光标识 ○ ○ ● 车辆尾部标志板 ○ ○ 侧、后、前下部防护 ○ ○ 应急锤 ○ 急救箱 ○ 5 安全装置 检查 车速限制/报警功能或装置 ○ ○ 防抱制动装置 ○ ○ ○ 辅助制动装置 ○ ○ 盘式制动器 ○ ○ ○ 制动间隙自动调整装置 ○ ○ ○ 紧急切断装置 ○ ○ 发动机舱自动灭火装置 ○ 手动机械断电开关 ○ 副制动踏板 ○ ○ 校车标志灯和校车停车指示标志牌 ○ 危险货物运输车辆标志 ○ ○ 驾驶区隔离设施 ○ ○ 6 底盘动态 检验 转向 ○ ● ● ● ● 传动 ○ ● ● ● ● 制动 ○ ● ● ● ● 仪表和指示器 ○ ● ● ● ● 7 车辆底盘 部件检查 转向系部件 ○ ● ● ● 传动系部件 ○ ● ● ● 行驶系部件 ○ ● ● ● ● 制动系部件 ○ ● ● ● ● 其他部件 ○ ● ● ● ● 8 仪器设备 检验 整备质量 ● ● ● ○ 行车 制动b 空载制动率 ● ● ● ● ● ● 空载制动不平衡率 ● ● ● ● 加载轴制动率 ○ ○ 加载轴制动不平衡率 ○ ○ 驻车制动c ○ ○ ○ ○ 前照灯远光发光强度 ● ● ● ● ● 转向轮横向侧滑量 ○ ○ 注1：表中序号1～7的检验项目列入人工检验项目。 注2：“●”表示该检验项目适用于该类车注册登记安全检验的全部车型，“○”表示该检验项目适用于该类车注册登记安全检验的部分车型。 注3：对于适用车辆类型为“非营运小型、微型载客汽车”的，“○”对应的检验项目适用于面包车(即发动机中置且宽高比小于或等于0.9的乘用车)、7座及7座以上车辆。 注4：对于适用车辆类型为“摩托车”的，“○”对应的检验项目适用于带驾驶室的正三轮摩托车以及不带驾驶室、不具有载运货物结构或功能且设计和制造上最多乘坐2人(包括驾驶人)的正三轮摩托车。 注5：适用车辆类型为其他情形的，“○”对应的检验项目所适用的具体车型描述见第6章。 注6：对于因质量问题更换整车申请变更登记的机动车检验时，参照注册登记安全检验项目。 a非营运的机动车是指个人或者单位不以获取利润为目的而使用的机动车。 b三轴及三轴以上的货车、总质量大于3 500 kg的并装双轴或并装三轴挂车，对部分轴(最后一轴及货车第一轴除外)还应测试加载轴制动率和加载轴制动不平衡率。采用空气悬架的车辆、总质量为整备质量1.2倍以下的车辆不测试加载轴制动率和加载轴制动不平衡率。 c驻车制动使用电子控制装置的汽车，不检验驻车制动。 表2机动车安全技术检验项目表(在用机动车安全检验) 序号 检验项目 适用车辆类型 载客汽车 货车(三轮汽车除外)、专项作业车 挂车 三轮汽车 摩托车 非营运a小型、微型载客汽车 其他类型载客汽车 1 联网查询 车辆事故、违法、安全缺陷召回等信息 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 2 车辆唯一 性检查 号牌号码和分类 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 车辆识别代号(或整车出厂编号) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 发动机号码/驱动电机号码 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 车身颜色和车辆外形 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 3 车辆特征 参数检查 外廓尺寸 □ □ 核定载人数和座椅布置 ■ ■ ■ □ 栏板高度 □ □ 悬架 ■ ■ 客车出口 □ 客车乘客通道和引道 □ 货厢/罐体 □ □ ■ 4 车辆外观 检查 车身外观 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 外观标识、标注和标牌 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 外部照明和信号装置 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 轮胎 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 号牌/号牌板(架) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 加装/改装灯具 ■ ■ ■ ■ 5 安全装置 检查 汽车安全带 ■ ■ ■ 应急停车安全附件 ■ ■ ■ □ 灭火器 □ □ □ 行驶记录装置 □ □ 车身反光标识 □ □ ■ 车辆尾部标志板 □ □ 侧、后、前下部防护 □ □ 应急锤 □ 急救箱 □ 辅助制动装置 □ □ 紧急切断装置 □ □ 发动机舱自动灭火装置 □ 手动机械断电开关 □ 副制动踏板b □ □ 校车标志灯和校车停车指示标志牌 □ 危险货物运输车辆标志 □ □ 驾驶区隔离设施 □ □ 肢体残疾人操纵辅助装置 □ 6 底盘动态 检验 转向 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 传动 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 制动 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 仪表和指示器 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 7 车辆底盘 部件检查 转向系部件 □ ■ ■ ■ 传动系部件 □ ■ ■ ■ 行驶系部件 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 制动系部件 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 其他部件 □ ■ ■ ■ ■ 8 仪器设备 检验 空车质量 □ □ 行车 制动c 空载制动率 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 空载制动不平衡率 ■ ■ ■ ■ 加载轴制动率 □ □ 加载轴制动不平衡率 □ □ 驻车制动d □ □ □ □ 前照灯远光发光强度 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 转向轮横向侧滑量 □ □ 注1：表中序号1～7的检验项目列入人工检验项目。 注2：“■”表示该检验项目适用于该类车在用机动车安全检验的全部车型，“□”表示该检验项目适用于该类车在用机动车安全检验的部分车型。 注3：对于适用车辆类型为“非营运小型、微型载客汽车”的，“□”对应的检验项目适用于面包车、7座及7座以上车辆，以及使用年限超过10年的车辆。 注4：对于适用车辆类型为“摩托车”的，“□”对应的检验项目适用于带驾驶室的正三轮摩托车以及不带驾驶室、不具有载运货物结构或功能且设计和制造上最多乘坐2人(包括驾驶人)的正三轮摩托车。 注5：适用车辆类型为其他情形的，“□”对应的检验项目所适用的具体车型描述见第6章。 注6：对于因更换发动机、车身或者车架申请变更登记的机动车检验时，参照在用机动车安全检验项目。 a非营运的机动车是指个人或者单位不以获取利润为目的而使用的机动车。 b自学用车还应检验副制动踏板和辅助后视镜。 c三轴及三轴以上的货车、总质量大于3 500 kg的并装双轴或并装三轴挂车，对部分轴(最后一轴及货车第一轴除外)还应测试加载轴制动率和加载轴制动不平衡率。采用空气悬架的车辆，总质量为整备质量1.2倍以下的车辆不测试加载轴制动率和加载轴制动不平衡率。 d驻车制动使用电子控制装置的汽车，不检验驻车制动。 5检验方法 5.1 一般规定 5.1.1 送检机动车应满足以下基本要求： a)车辆应清洁，无滴漏油(液)、漏电现象，轮胎完好，轮胎气压正常且胎冠花纹中无异物，发动机运转平稳，怠速稳定，无异响； b)车辆不应有与ABS、EPS及其他与行车安全相关的故障信息； c)纯电动汽车、插电式混合动力汽车、燃料电池汽车不应有与电驱动系统、高压绝缘、动力电池等有关的报警信号； d)组成汽车列车的牵引车的准牵引总质量应大于或等于挂车总质量，组成乘用车列车的乘用车在设计和制造上应具有牵引功能； e)集装箱车、集装箱运输半挂车不应载有集装箱，货车不应装载货物。 对达不到以上基本要求的送检机动车，对机动车进行安全技术检验的机构(以下简称“检验机构”)应书面告知送检人整改，符合要求后再进行安全技术检验。 5.1.2在用机动车安全检验时，应提供送检机动车有效的机动车交通事故责任强制保险凭证(挂车以及实现电子保单、保险信息联网核查的除外)和机动车行驶证。 5.1.3安全技术检验时应先进行联网查询、车辆唯一性检查，确认车辆无异常情形后按检验流程开展检验。检验流程参见附录A。 5.1.4安全技术检验时各工位的最少检验时间见表3。