标准编号:	GB/T 11951-2018
中文名称:	天然纤维 术语
英文名称:	Natural fibres―Terminology
中标分类:	W04    基础标准与通用方法
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	59.060.10 59.060.10    天然纤维 59.060.10
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2018-02-06
实施日期:	2018-9-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB/T 11951-1989 纺织品 天然纤维 术语
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	17000 字
翻译价格(元):	290.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.



This standard replaces GB/T 11951-1989 Textiles - Natural Fibres - Generic Names and Definitions and makes the following main changes with respect to GB/T 11951-1989:



——Standard name was modified;



——Standard scope was modified;



——"Fibres secreted by some molluscs" type was added in "animal fibre" (see 2.2 and 3.1.2);



——7 terminologies were added (see 3.1.1.3, 3.2.2.13, 3.2.2.14, 3.2.3.10~3.2.3.13);



——3 generic names were modified (see 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2 and 3.2.3.2; 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.2 and 3.2.3.6 of 1989 edition);



——Generic names of 2 plants were modified (see 3.2.2.12 and 3.2.3.9; 3.2.2.8 and 3.2.3.4 of 1989 edition);



——"Wool" was changed to "sheep wool" and note was added (see 3.1.3.1; 3.1.2.1 of 1989 edition);



——"Alpaca wool" was change to "Alpaca hair", "guanaco wool" was changed to "guanaco hair", "llama wool" was changed to "llama hair", "vicuna wool" was changed to "vicuna hair" (see 3.1.3.2, 3.1.3.6, 3.1.3.7 and 3.1.3.9; 3.1.2.2, 3.1.2.6, 3.1.2.7 and 3.1.2.9 of 1989 edition);



——Terminology "Zhongwei goat wool" was deleted (3.1.2.12 of 1989 edition);



——Note of horsehair was added (see 3.1.3.15);



——Note of hemp was added (see 3.2.2.1);



——Note of "jute and allied fibres" was added in "fibres from bast" (see footnote c of 3.2.2);



——Annex A Chinese Index and Annex B English Index in original standard were deleted, and informative annex "Index Table for Terminologies and Common Names of Fibres" was added (see Annex A).



This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 6938:2012 Textiles - Natural Fibres - Generic Names and Definitions.



The technical deviations between this standard and ISO 6938:2012 are as follows:



——Standard name was modified;



——3 terminologies were added (see 3.1.1.6~3.1.1.8);



——7 synonyms were added (see footnote b of 3.1.3, footnote b of 3.2.1, footnotes c~e of 3.2.2, footnotes b and c of 3.2.3);



——Note of hemp was added (see 3.2.2.1);



——Chapter 4 was revised to informative annex (see Annex A).



This standard was proposed by China Fiber Inspection Bureau.



This standard is under the jurisdiction of Technical Committee on Fiber of Standardization Administration of China (SAT/TC 513).



The previous edition of the standard replaced by this standard is as follows:



——GB/T 11951-1989.





Natural Fibres - Terminology



1 Scope



This standard gives the terminologies and definitions of the most important natural fibres for textiles according to their specific constitution or origin, the corresponding generic names and common names are provided.



This standard is applicable to natural fibre for textiles.



Note: see Annex A for the common names of various natural fibres defined in this standard.



2 Type of Natural Fibres



2.1 Natural Fibres



Natural fibres can be categorized according to their origin into animal, vegetable and mineral fibres.



2.2 Animal Fibres



These include in particular:



——fibres from silk glands, secreted by some insects, particularly by larvae of the lepidopter order, in the form of two filaments of fibroin cemented together by sericin.



——fibres secreted by some molluscs.



——fibres from hair follicles, with a multicellular structure, composed of keratin.



2.3 Vegetable Fibres



These include in particular:



——fibres from seeds: single-cell structure, generated by the epidermal cells of the seed, almost entirely constituted of cellulose.



——fibres from bast: fibres obtained from the bast of certain plants, mainly constituted of cellulose and accompanied with incrusting and intercellular materials (pectin bodies, hemicellulose, lignin).



——fibres from leaf: fibres obtained from leaves, constituted chiefly of cellulose plus incrusting and intercellular materials, consisting of lignin and hemicelluloses.



——fibres from fruit: fibres obtained from fruit, constituted chiefly of cellulose plus incrusting and intercellular materials, consisting of lignin and hemicelluloses.



2.4 Mineral Fibres



Mineral fibres are obtained from rocks of fibrous structure, constituted principally of silicates.



3 Terminologies and Definitions



3.1 Animal Fibres



3.1.1 See Table 1 for fibres from silk glands.



Table 1 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres from Silk Glands

Number Terminologya Definition

3.1.1.1 SILK

(Soie) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Bombyx mori

3.1.1.2b TASAR

(Tasar) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Antheraea mylitta, Antheraea pernyi, An-theraea yarna-may, Antheraea roylei, Antheraea proylei.

3.1.1.3b MUGA

(Muga) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Antkeraea assamensis

3.1.1.4b ERI

(Éri) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Phylosamia ricini

3.1.1.5b ANAPHE

(Anaphe) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Anaphe

3.1.1.6b CASSAVA

(Manioc) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Philosamia Cynthia ricini

3.1.1.7b AILANTHUS

(Ailanthus) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Philosamia cynthia

3.1.1.8b CAMPHOR

(Camphre) Fibre extruded by the silkworm Eriogna pyretorum

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.

b The terminologies relative to numbers 3.1.1.2 to 3.1.1.8 may be followed by the term “silk".



3.1.2 See Table 2 for fibres secreted by some molluscs.





Table 2 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres secreted by Some Molluscs

Number Terminologya Definition

3.1.2.1 BYSSUS

(Hyssus) Fibre extruded from some molluscs Pinna nobilis

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.



3.1.3 See Table 3 for fibres from hair follicles.



Table 3 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres from Hair Follicles

Number Terminologya Definition

3.1.3.1 WOOLb

(Laine) Fibre from sheep or lamb of the genus Ovis arics

3.1.3.2c ALPACA

(Alpaga) Fibre from alpaca Lama pacos

3.1.3.3c ANGORA

(Angora) Fibre from angora rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus

3.1.3.4c CASHMERE

(Cachemire) Fibre from cashmere goat Capra hircus laniger

3.1.3.5c CAMEL

(Chameau) Fibre from camel Camelus bactianus

3.1.3.6c GUANACO

(Guanaco) Fibre from guanaco Lama huanaco

3.1.3.7c LLAMA

(Lama) Fibre from llama Lama glama

3.1.3.8c MOHAIR

(Mohair) Fibre from angora goat Capra hircus aegagrus

3.1.3.9c VICUNA

(Vigogne) Fibre from vicuna Lama vicugna

3.1.3.10c YAK

(Yack) Fibre from yak Bos (Poephagus) grunniens

3.1.3.11d COW

(Boeuf) Fibre from common ox Bos taurus

3.1.3.12c BEAVER

(Castor) Fibre from beaver Castor canadensis

3.1.3.13d DEER

(Daim) Fibre from deer Genus cegvus

3.1.3.14d GOAT

(Chèvre) Fibre from common goat Genus capra

3.1.3.15d HORSEe

(Cheval) Fibre from horse Equus caballus

3.1.3.16d RABBIT

(Lapin) Fibre from common rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus

3.1.3.17d HARE

(Lievre) Fibre from hare Lepus europaeus and Lepus timidus

3.1.3.18c OTTER

(Loutre) Fibre from otter Lutra lutra

3.1.3.19d NUTRIA

(Myocastor) Fibre from coypu Myocastor coypus

3.1.3.20d SEAL

(Phoque) Fibre from seal Family pinnipedia

3.1.3.21d MUSKRAT

(Rat musqué) Fibre from muskrat Fiber zibathicus

3.1.3.22d REINDEER

(Renne) Fibre from reindeer Genus rangifer

3.1.3.23d MINK

(Vison) Fibre from mink Musstela (Lutreola) vison

3.1.3.24d MARTEN

(Martre) Fibre from marten Mustela mattes

3.1.3.25d SABLE

(Zibeline) Fibre from sable Mustela zibellina

3.1.3.26d WEASEL

(Belette) Fibre from weasel Mustela misalis

3.1.3.27d BEAR

(Ours) Fibre from bear Ursus artctos

3.1.3.28d ERMINE

(Hermine) Fibre from ermine Mustela eminea

3.1.3.29d ARTIC FOX

(Renard arctique) Fibre Irons artic fox Vulpus lagopus, Canis isatis

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.

b Synonym: fleece.

c The terminologies relative to numbers 3.1.3.2 to 3.1.3.10, 3.1.3.12 and 3.1.3.18 may be followed by the term "wool" and/or "hair".

d The terminologies relative to numbers 3.1.3.11 to 3.1.3.29, except 3.1.3.12 and 3.1.3.18, may be followed by the term "hair".

e Horse-hair fibre coming from the mane or the tail of the horse; horse-coat fibre coming from the coat of the horse.



3.2 Vegetable Fibres



3.2.1 See Table 4 for fibres from seeds.





Table 4 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres from Seeds

Number Terminologya Definition

3.2.1.1 COTTON

(Coton) Single-cell fibre from the seed of plants of the Gossypium

3.2.1.2 AKUND

(Akund) Fibre from the seeds of Calotropis gigantea and Calotropis procera

3.2.1.3 KAPOKb

(Kapok) Single-cell fibre from the seed pods of the kapok tree Ceiba pentandra

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.

b Synonym: gossampinus malabarica merr.



3.2.2 See Table 5 for fibres from bast.





Table 5 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres from Bast

Number Terminologya Definition

3.2.2.1 HEMPb

(Chanvre) Fibre from the basts of Cannabis sativa

3.2.2.2 BROOM

(Genêt) Fibre from the basts of broom Cytisus scoparius and Spartium junceum

3.2.2.3 JUTEc

(Jute) Fibre from the basts of jute Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius

3.2.2.4 KENAFc,d

(Kénaf) Fibre from the basts of kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus

3.2.2.5 FLAX

(Lin) Fibre from the basts of flax Linum usitatissimum

3.2.2.6 RAMIE

(Ramie) Fibre from the basts of ramie Boehmeria nivea, Boehmeria tenacissima

3.2.2.7 ROSELLEc

(Roselle) Fibre from the basts of rosette Hibiscus sabdariffa

3.2.2.8 SUNN

(Sunn) Fibre from the basts of sunn Crotalaria juncea

3.2.2.9 URENAc

(Urène) Fibre from the basts of urena Urena lobata and Urena sinuata

3.2.2.10 ABUTILONc,e

(Abutilon) Fibre from the basts of Abutilon angulatum, Abutilon avicennae and Abutilon theophrasti

3.2.2.11 PUNGAc

(Punga) Fibre from the basts of Clappertonia ficifolia, Triumfelta cordifolia and Triumfetla rhomboidea

3.2.2.12 BLUISH DOGBANEf

(Bluish dogbane) Fibre from the basts of Apocynum androsae mifolium, Apocynum cannabinum

3.2.2.13 NETTLE

(Ortie) Fibre from the basts of Utica dioica

3.2.2.14 BAMBOO

(Bambou) Fibre from the basts of bamboo bambusa textilis

3.2.2.15 CASTOR

(Ricin) Fibre from the basts of Ricinus communis

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.

b Called also "china-hemp and cannabis".

c Called also "jute and allied fibres".

d Synonym: ambari hemp and ambary.

e Synonym: chingma.

f Synonym: apocynum.



3.2.3 See Table 6 for fibres from leaf.





Table 6 Terminologies and Definitions of Fibres from Leaf

Number Terminologya Definition

3.2.3.1 ABACAb

(Abaca) Fibre from the leaves of Musa textilis

3.2.3.2 ALFA

(Aifa) Fibre from the leaves of Stipa tenacissima and Lygeum spartum

3.2.3.3 ALOE

(Aloes) Fibre from the leaves of Furcraea gigantea

3.2.3.4 FIQUE

(Fique) Fibre from the leaves of Furcraea macrophylla

3.2.3.5 HENEQUEN

(Henequen) Fibre from the leaves of Ageva fourcroydes

3.2.3.6 MAGUEY

(Maguey) Fibre from the leaves of Ageva cantala

3.2.3.7 PHORMIUM

(Phormium) Fibre from the leaves of Phormium tenax

3.2.3.8 SISALc

(Sisal) Fibre from the leaves of Agave sisalana

3.2.3.9 TAMPICO

(Tampico) Fibre from the leaves of Agave lechuguilla Torr

3.2.3.10 PALMA IXTLE

(Ixtle de Palma) Fibre from the leaves of Yucca carnerosana

3.2.3.11 PINEAPPLE LEAF (Feuilie d’ananas) Fibre from the leaves of Anannas comosus Merr

3.2.3.12 PITA

(Pita) Fibre from the leaves of Aechmea magdalenae

3.2.3.13 PEAT FIBRE

(Fibre de tourbe) Fibre from the leaf sheath of the plant Eriophorum vaginatum

a Names in brackets are equivalent French-language names.

b Synonym: Manila hemp.

c Synonym: agave rigida.



3.2.4 See Table 7 for fiibres from fruit.

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Type of Natural Fibres
2.1 Natural Fibres
2.2 Animal Fibres
2.3 Vegetable Fibres
2.4 Mineral Fibres
3 Terminologies and Definitions
3.1 Animal Fibres
3.2 Vegetable Fibres
3.3 Mineral Fibres
Annex A (Informative) Index Table for Terminologies and Common Names of Fibres

ICS 59.060.10
W 04
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 11951—2018
代替GB/T 11951—1989
天然纤维 术语
Natural fibres—Terminology
(ISO 6938：2012，Textiles—Natural fibres—
Generic names and definitions，MOD)
2018—02—06发布 2018—09—01实施
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局
中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布
前言
本标准按照GB/T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。
本标准代替GB/T 11951—1989《纺织品 天然纤维术语》，本标准与GB/T 11951—1989的主要差异为：
——修改了标准名称；
——修改了标准范围；
——“动物纤维”中增加了“软体动物分泌纤维”的分类(见2.2与3.1.2)；
——增加了7个术语(见3.1.1.3、3.2.2.13、3.2.2.14、3.2.3.10～3.2.3.13)；
——修改了3个英文属名(见3.1.1.1、3.1.1.2和3.2.3.2，1989年版的3.1.1.1、3.1.1.2和3.2.3.6)；
——修改了2个植物英文学名(见3.2.2.12和3.2.3.9，1989年版的3.2.2.8和3.2.3.4)；
——将“羊毛”改为“绵羊毛”，并增加注释(见3.1.3.1，1989年版的3.1.2.1)；
——将“羊驼绒”改为“羊驼毛”，“原驼绒”改为“原驼毛”，“美洲驼绒”改为“美洲驼毛”，“骆马绒”改为“骆马毛”(见3.1.3.2、3.1.3.6、3.1.3.7、3.1.3.9，1989年版的3.1.2.2、3.1.2.6、3.1.2.7、3.1.2.9)；
——删除了“中卫山羊毛”术语(1989年版的3.1.2.12)；
——增加了马毛的注释(见3.1.3.15)；
——增加了大麻的注释(见3.2.2.1)；
——“韧皮纤维”中增加了“黄麻及同类纤维”的注释(见3.2.2脚注c)；
——删除原附录A中文索引和附录B英文索引，增加资料性附录“纤维术语、英文属名与俗称索引表”(见附录A)。
本标准使用重新起草法修改采用IS0 6938：2012《纺织品 天然纤维 属名与定义》。
本标准与IS0 6938：2012的技术性差异为：
——修改了标准名称；
——增加了3个术语(见3.1.1.6～3.1.1.8)；
——增加了7个同义词(见3.1.3脚注b、3.2.1脚注b、3.2.2脚注c～脚注e、3.2.3脚注b和脚注c)；
——增加了大麻的注释(见3.2.2.1)；
——将第4章修改为资料性附录(见附录A)。
本标准由中国纤维检验局提出。
本标准由全国纤维标准化技术委员会(SAT/TC 513)归口。
本标准起草单位：上海市质量监督检验技术研究院纤维检验所、中国纤维检验局、纺织工业标准化研究所、湖南省纤维检验局、内蒙古自治区纤维检验局、广西壮族自治区纤维检验所、东华大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室。
本标准主要起草人：李卫东、成嫣、冯平、陈效文、郑宇英、瞿健、田文亮、黎一清、王新厚。
本标准代替标准的历次版本发布情况为：
——GB/T 11951—1989。
天然纤维 术语
1 范围
本标准根据纤维来源或组成界定了纺织用主要天然纤维的术语和定义，提供了相应的英文属名和俗称。
本标准适用于纺织用天然纤维。
注：本标准界定的各种天然纤维的英文俗称参见附录A。
2天然纤维分类
2.1 天然纤维
天然纤维按来源分为动物纤维、植物纤维、矿物纤维。
2.2 动物纤维
动物纤维主要包括：
——丝纤维：由一些昆虫丝腺所分泌的、特别是由鳞翅目幼虫所分泌的两根丝素蛋白长丝，由丝胶粘合形成的纤维。
——软体动物分泌纤维：由软体动物分泌的纤维。
——毛发纤维：自动物毛囊生长具有多细胞结构、由角蛋白组成的纤维。
2.3 植物纤维
植物纤维主要包括：
——种子纤维：从植物种子表皮细胞生长成的单细胞结构纤维，主要由纤维素组成。
——韧皮纤维：从植物的韧皮或茎部取得的纤维，主要由纤维素及其伴生物质和细胞间质(果胶、半纤维素、木质素等)组成。
——叶纤维：从植物的叶子取得的纤维，主要由纤维素及其伴生物质和细胞间质(木质素和半纤维素等)组成。
——果实纤维：从植物的果实取得的纤维，主要由纤维素及其伴生物质和细胞间质(木质素和半纤维素等)组成。
2.4 矿物纤维
从纤维状结构的岩石取得的纤维，主要由硅酸盐等组成。
3术语和定义
3.1 动物纤维
3.1.1 丝纤维，见表1。
表1 丝纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.1.1.1 桑蚕丝 SILK
(Soie) 由桑蚕(Bombyx mori)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.2b 柞蚕丝 TASAR
(Tasar) 由柞蚕(Antheraea mylitta，Antheraea pernyi，An-theraea yarna-may，Antheraea roylei，Antheraea proylei)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.3b 蒙加丝 MUGA
(Muga) 由阿萨姆蚕(Antkeraea assamensis)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.4b 蓖麻蚕丝 ERI
(Éri) 由蓖麻蚕(Phylosamia ricini)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.5b 阿拉菲野蚕丝 ANAPHE
(Anaphe) 由阿拉菲野蚕(Anaphe)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.6b 木薯蚕丝 CASSAVA
(Manioc) 由木薯蚕(Philosamia Cynthia ricini)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.7b 樗蚕丝 AILANTHUS
(Ailanthus) 由樗蚕(Philosamia cynthia)分泌的纤维
3.1.1.8b 樟蚕丝 CAMPHOR
(Camphre) 由樟蚕(Eriogna pyretorum)分泌的纤维
a 括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。
b 3.1.1.2～3.1.1.8的英文属名后可加词缀“silk”。

3.1.2软体动物分泌纤维，见表2。
表2 软体动物分泌纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.1.2.1 海丝 BYSSUS
(Hyssus) 由软体动物海丝(Pinna nobilis)分泌的纤维
a 括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。

3.1.3毛发纤维，见表3。
表3 毛发纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.1.3.1 绵羊毛b WOOL
(Laine) 从绵羊(Ovis arics)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.2c 羊驼毛 ALPACA
(Alpaga) 从羊驼(Lama pacos)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.3c 安哥拉兔毛 ANGORA
(Angora) 从安哥拉兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus)身上取得的纤维

表3(续)
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.1.3.4c 山羊绒 CASHMERE
(Cachemire) 从山羊(Capra hircus laniger)身上取得的绒纤维
3.1.3.5c 骆驼毛、骆驼绒 CAMEL
(Chameau) 从骆驼(Camelus bactianus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.6c 原驼毛 GUANACO
(Guanaco) 从原驼(Lama huanaco)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.7c 美洲驼毛 LLAMA
(Lama) 从美洲驼(Lama glama)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.8c 马海毛 MOHAIR
(Mohair) 从安哥拉山羊(Capra hircus aegagrus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.9c 骆马毛 VICUNA
(Vigogne) 从骆马(Lama vicugna)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.10c 牦牛毛、牦牛绒 YAK
(Yack) 从牦牛[Bos(Poephagus)grunniens]身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.11d 牛毛 COW
(Boeuf) 从牛(Bos taurus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.12c 河狸毛 BEAVER
(Castor) 从河狸(Castor canadensis)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.13d 鹿毛 DEER
(Daim) 从鹿(Genus cegvus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.14d 山羊毛 GOAT
(Chèvre) 从山羊(Genus capra)身上取得的毛纤维
3.1.3.15d 马毛e HORSE
(Cheval) 从马(Equus caballus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.16d 兔毛 RABBIT
(Lapin) 从家兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.17d 野兔毛 HARE
(Lievre) 从野兔(Lepus europaeus和Lepus timidus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.18c 水獭毛 OTTER
(Loutre) 从水獭(Lutra lutra)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.19d 河狸鼠毛 NUTRIA
(Myocastor) 从河狸鼠(Myocastor coypus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.20d 海豹毛 SEAL
(Phoque) 从鳍足科海豹(Family pinnipedia)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.21d 麝鼠毛 MUSKRAT
(Rat musqué) 从麝鼠(Fiber zibathicus)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.22d 驯鹿毛 REINDEER
(Renne) 从驯鹿(Genus rangifer)身上取得的纤维

表3(续)
条目号 术语 英文属名8 定义
3.1.3.23d 水貂毛 MINK
(Vison) 从水貂[Musstela(Lutreola)vison]身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.24d 貂毛 MARTEN
(Martre) 从貂(Mustela mattes)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.25d 黑貂毛 SABLE
(Zibeline) 从黑貂(Mustela zibellina)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.26d 鼬鼠毛 WEASEL
(Belette) 从鼬(Mustela misalis)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.27d 熊毛 BEAR
(Ours) 从熊(Ursus artctos)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.28d 银鼠毛 ERMINE
(Hermine) 从银鼠(Mustela eminea)身上取得的纤维
3.1.3.29d 北极狐毛 ARTIC FOX (Renard arctique) 以北极狐(Vulpus lagopus，Canis isatis)身上取得的纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。
b同义词：羊毛。
c 3.1.3.2～3.1.3.10、3.1.3.12以及3.1.3.18的英文属名后可加词缀“wool”和“hair”。
d 3.1.3.11～3.1.3.29，除3.1.3.12和3.1.3.18外，英文属名后可加词缀“hair”。
e从马鬃和马尾部位的取得的纤维称为马鬃尾毛(horse-hair fiber)，从身体其他郝位取得的纤维称为马正身毛(horse-coat fibre)。

3.2 植物纤维
3.2.1种子纤维，见表4。
表4种子纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.2.1.1 棉 COTTON
(Coton) 从棉属(Gossypium)植物的种子上取得的单细胞纤维
3.2.1.2 牛角瓜纤维 AKUND
(Akund) 从牛角瓜和大牛角瓜(Calot-ropis gigantea和Calotropis procera)种子上取得的纤维
3.2.1.3 木棉b KAPOK
(Kapok) 从木棉树(Ceiba pentandra)荚果的种子上取得的单细胞纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。
b同义词：攀枝花。

3.2.2韧皮纤维，见表5。
表5韧皮纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.2.2.1 大麻b HEMP
(Chanvre) 从大麻(Cannabis sativa)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.2 金雀花麻 BROOM
(Genêt) 从金雀花和鹰爪豆(Cytisus scoparius和Spartium junceum)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.3 黄麻c JUTE
(Jute) 从黄麻和长蒴黄麻(Corchorus capsularis和Corchorus olitorius)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.4 槿麻c,d KENAF
(Kénaf) 从槿麻(Hibiscus cannabinus)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.5 亚麻 FLAX
(Lin) 从亚麻(Linum usitatissimum)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.6 苎麻 RAMIE
(Ramie) 从苎麻(Boehmeria nivea，Boehmeria tenacissima)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.7 玫瑰茄麻c ROSELLE
(Roselle) 从玫瑰茄(Hibiscus sabdariffa)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.8 菽麻 SUNN
(Sunn) 从菽麻(Crotalaria juncea)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.9 肖梵天花麻c URENA
(Urène) 从梵天花和肖梵天花(Urena lobata和Urena sinuata)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.10 茼麻c,e ABUTILON
(Abutilon) 从苘麻(Abutilon angulatum，Abutilon avicennae和Abutilon theophrasti)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.11 刺蒴麻c PUNGA
(Punga) 从刺蒴麻(Clappertonia ficifolia，Triumfettacordifolia和Triumfetta rhomboidea)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.12 罗布麻f BLUISH DOGBANE (Bluish dogbane) 从罗布麻(Apocynum androsae mifolium，Apocynum cannabinum)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.13 荨麻 NETTLE
(Ortie) 从荨麻(Utica dioica)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
3.2.2.14 竹纤维 BAMBOO
(Bambou) 从竹子(bambusa textilis)的茎部取得的纤维
3.2.2.15 蓖麻 CASTOR
(Ricin) 从蓖麻(Ricinus communis)茎的韧皮部取得的纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。
b又称为“汉麻、火麻”。
c又称为“黄麻及同类纤维”。
d同义词：红麻、洋麻。
e同义词：青麻。
f同义词：红野麻。

3.2.3叶纤维，见表6。
表6 叶纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.2.3.1 蕉麻b ABACA
(Abaca) 从蕉麻(Musa textilis)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.2 针茅麻 ALFA
(Aifa) 从针茅麻(Stipa tenacissima和Lygeum spartum)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.3 芦荟麻 ALOE
(Aloes) 从芦荟(Furcraea gigantea)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.4 菲奎麻 FIQUE
(Fique) 从菲奎(Furcraea macrophylla)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.5 赫纳昆麻 HENEQUEN
(Henequen) 从龙舌兰属赫纳昆(Agave fourcroydes)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.6 马奎麻 MAGUEY
(Maguey) 从龙舌兰属马奎(Agave cantala)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.7 新西兰麻 PHORMIUM
(Phormium) 从新西兰麻(Phormium tenax)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.8 剑麻c SISAL
(Sisal) 从龙舌兰属剑麻(Agave sisalana)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.9 坦皮科大麻 TAMPICO
(Tampico) 从龙舌兰属坦皮科大麻(Agave lechuguilla Torr)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.10 帕尔马丝兰属叶纤维 PALMA IXTLE
(Ixtle de Palma) 从丝兰属大西班牙剑(Yucca carnerosana)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.11 菠萝叶纤维 PINEAPPLE LEAF (Feuilie d’ananas) 从菠萝(Anannas comosus Merr)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.12 附生凤梨纤维 PITA
(Pita) 从马格达莱纳附生凤梨(Aechmea magdalenae)的叶部取得的纤维
3.2.3.13 白毛羊胡子草纤维 PEAT FIBRE (Fibre de tourbe) 从白毛羊胡子革(Eriophorum vaginatum)的叶鞘取得的纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。
b同义词：马尼拉麻。
c同义词：西沙尔麻。

3.2.4果实纤维，见表7。
表7果实纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.2.4.1 椰壳纤维 COIR
(Coco) 从椰子(Cocos nucifera)外壳部取得的纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。

3.3 矿物纤维
见表8。
表8矿物纤维术语和定义
条目号 术语 英文属名a 定义
3.3.1 石棉 ASBESTOS
(Amiante) 从纤维状结构的天然硅酸盐岩石取得的纤维
a括号中给出该纤维对应的法语名称。

附 录 A
(资料性附录)
纤维术语、英文属名与俗称索引表
纤维术语、英文属名与俗称见表A.1。
表A.1 纤维术语、英文属名与俗称
术语 英文属名 英文俗称 条目号
阿拉菲野蚕丝 ANAPHE ANAPHE 3.1.1.5
Non-mulberry silk 3.1.1.5
Wild silk 3.1.1.5
安哥拉兔毛 ANGORA ANGORA 3.1.3.3
北极狐毛 ARTIC FOX ARTIC FOX 3.1.3.29
蓖麻 CASTOR Castor 3.2.2.15
蓖麻蚕丝 ERI ERI 3.1.1.4
Gem 3.1.1.4
Non-mulberry silk 3.1.1.4
Wild silk 3.1.1.4
菠萝叶纤维 PINEAPPLE LEAF Pina 3.2.3.11
PINEAPPLE LEAF 3.2.3.11
樗蚕丝 AILANTHUS AILANTHUS 3.1.1.7
刺蒴麻 PUNGA PUNGA 3.2.2.11
大麻 HEMP HEMP 3.2.2.1
Sireta 3.2.2.1
貂毛 MARTEN MARTEN 3.1.3.24
菲奎麻 FIQUE FIQUE 3.2.3.4
海豹毛 SEAL SEAL 3.1.3.20
海丝 BYSSUS BYSSUS 3.1.2.1
河狸毛 BEAVER BEAVER 3.1.3.12
河狸鼠毛 NUTRIA NUTRIA 3.1.3.19
赫纳昆麻 HENEQUEN Cuban sisala 3.2.3.5
HENEQUEN 3.2.3.5
Mexican sisala 3.2.3.5
黑貂毛 SABLE SABLE 3.1.3.25
黄麻 JUTE JUTE 3.2.2.3
剑麻 SISAL SISAL 3.2.3.8

表A.1(续)
术语 英文属名 英文俗称 条目号
蕉麻 ABACA ABACA 3.2.3.1
Manila hempa 3.2.3.1
金雀花麻 BROOM BROOM 3.2.2.2
槿麻 KENAF Ambari 3.2.2.4
Awaste hempa 3.2.2.4
Bimbli 3.2.2.4
Brazilian jutea 3.2.2.4
Da，dha，dah 3.2.2.4
Deccan hempa 3.2.2.4
Gambo hempa 3.2.2.4
Guinea hempa 3.2.2.4
KENAF 3.2.2.1
Mesta 3.2.2.4
SIAM jutea 3.2.2.1
Stockroos 3.2.2.4
Teal 3.2.2.4
芦荟麻鹿毛 ALOE DEER ALOE 3.2.3.3
Mauritius hernpa 3.2.3.3
DEER 3.1.3.13
罗布麻 BLUISH DOGBANE BLUISH DOGBANE 3.2.2.12
骆马毛 VICUNA VICUNA 3.1.3.9
骆驼毛、骆驼绒 CAMEL CAMEL 3.1.3.5
马海毛 MOHAIR MOHAIR 3.1.3.8
马奎麻 MAGUEY Cantala 3.2.3.6
MAGUEY 3.2.3.6
Nanas sabrong 3.2.3.6
Poepoes 3.2.3.6
马毛 HORSE HORSF 3.1.3.15
牦牛毛、牦牛绒 YAK YAK 3.1.3.10
攻瑰茄麻 ROSELLE Gogu 3.2.2.7
Java julea 3.2.2.7
ROSELLE 3.2.2.7
SIAM jutea 3.2.2.7
美洲驼毛 LLAMA LLAMA 3.1.3.7

表A.1(续)
术语 英文属名 英文俗称 条目号
蒙加丝 MUGA MUGA 3.1.1.3
Non-mulberry silk 3.1.1.3
Wild silk 3.1.1.3
绵羊毛 WOOL WOOL 3.1.3.1
棉 COTTON COTTON 3.2.1.1
木棉 KAPOK KAPOK 3.2.1.3
木薯蚕丝 CASSAVA CASSAVA 3.1.1.6
白毛羊胡子草纤维 PEAT FIBRE PEAT FIBRE 3.2.3.13
牛角瓜纤维 AKUND AKUND 3.2.1.2
牛毛 COW COW 3.1.3.11
帕尔马丝兰属叶纤维 PALMA IXTLE IXTLE OF PALMA 3.2.3.10
荨麻 NETTLE NETTLE 3.2.2.13
苘麻 ABUTILON ABUTILON 3.2.2.10
Chinese jutea 3.2.2.10
Chingma 3.2.2.10
桑蚕丝 SILK Mulberry silk 3.1.1.1
SILK SILK 3.1.1.1
山羊毛 GOAT GOAT 3.1.3.14
山羊绒 CASHMERE CASHMERE 3.1.3.4
麝鼠毛 MUSKRAT MUSKRAT 3.1.3.21
石棉 ASBESTOS ASBESTOS 3.3.1
菽麻 SUNN Benaris hempa 3.2.2.8
Bombay hempa 3.2.2.8
Brown hempa 3.2.2.8
Coconada hempa 3.2.2.8
Indian hempa 3.2.2.8
Itersi hempa 3.2.2.8
Jubblepore hempa 3.2.2.8
Madras hempa 3.2.2.8
Philibit black hempa 3.2.2.8
Seonie hempa 3.2.2.8
St.Helena hempa 3.2.2.8
SUNN 3.2.2.8
水貂毛 MINK MINK 3.1.3.23

表A.1(续)
术语 英文属名 英文俗称 条目号
水獭毛 OTTER OTTER 3.1.3.18
坦皮科大麻 TAMPICO TAMPICO 3.2.3.9
兔毛 RABBIT RABBIT 3.1.3.16
肖梵天花麻 URENA Ake-ire 3.2.2.9
Aramina 3.2.2.9
Bamia 3.2.2.9
Ban ochra 3.2.2.9
Bolo-Bolo 3.2.2.9
Brazilian jutea 3.2.2.9
Caesar weed 3.2.2.9
Candillo-a 3.2.2.9
Canhamo 3.2.2.9
Carrapicho 3.2.2.9
Congo jutea 3.2.2.9
Cousin rouge 3.2.2.9
Cuban jutea 3.2.2.9
Culotan 3.2.2.9
Culut 3.2.2.9
Gonama 3.2.2.9
Grand cousin 3.2.2.9
Guaxima 3.2.2.9
Guiazo 3.2.2.9
Malva 3.2.2.9
Ototo 3.2.2.9
Paka 3.2.2.9
Toja 3.2.2.9
URENA 3.2.2.9
Vocima 3.2.2.9
新西兰麻 PHORMIUM Formio 3.2.3.7
New Zealand flaxa 3.2.3.7
New Zealand hempa 3.2.3.7
PH ORMIUM 3.2.3.7
熊毛 BEAR BEAR 3.1.3.27
驯鹿毛 REINDEER REINDEER 3.1.3.22

表A.1(续)
术语 英文属名 英文俗称 条目号
亚麻 FLAX FLAX 3.2.2.5
羊驼毛 ALPACA ALPACA 3.1.3.2
椰壳纤维 COIR Coconut fibre 3.2.4.1
COIR 3.2.4.1
附生凤梨纤维 PITA PITA 3.2.3.12
野兔毛 HARE HARE 3.1.3.17
银鼠毛 ERMINE ERMINE 3.1.3.28
鼬鼠毛 WEASEL WEASEL 3.1.3.26
原驼毛 GUANACO GUANACO 3.1.3.6
樟蚕丝 CAMPHOR CAMPHOR 3.1.1.8
针茅麻 ALFA ALFA 3.2.3.2
Esparto 3.2.3.2
竹纤维 BAMBOO Bamboo 3.2.2.14
苎麻 RAMIE China grass 3.2.2.6
RAMIE 3.2.2.6
Rhea 3.2.2.6
柞蚕丝 TASAR Non-mulberry silk 3.1.1.2
TASAR 3.1.1.2
Tussah 3.1.1.2
a 这些英文俗称中采用“hemp”“jute”“flax”和“sisal”后缀不合适。