标准编号:	GB/T 5600-2018
中文名称:	铁道货车通用技术条件
英文名称:	General technical specification for railway freight car
中标分类:	S52    铁路货车
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	45.060.20 45.060.20    车辆 45.060.20
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2018-06-07
实施日期:	2019-1-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 5600-2006 铁道货车通用技术条件
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	21000 字
翻译价格(元):	1460.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

This standard specifies the general requirements, material requirements, manufacturing requirements, painting and marking, etc. of standard-gauge railway freight cars. This standard is applicable to the new standard-gauge railway freight cars with the maximum running speed less than or equal to 120km/h and axle load less than or equal to 30t. This standard may also serve as reference for the new railway freight cars with the maximum running speed larger than 120km/h and axle load larger than 30t or with special requirements on structure and application. The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB 146.1 Rolling Stock Gauge for Standard Gauge Railways GB/T 699 Quality Carbon Structural Steels GB/T 700 Carbon Structural Steels GB/T 702 Hot-rolled Steel Bars - Dimensions, Shape, Weight and Tolerances GB/T 1591 High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steels GB 4806.10 National Food Safety Standard - Food Contact Painting and Coating GB/T 5599 Railway Vehicles - Specification for Evaluation the Dynamic Performance and Accreditation Test GB/T 25024 General Technical Specification for Two-axle Bogie for Railway Freight Wagon GB/T 25343 (All Parts) Railway Applications - Welding of Railway Vehicles and Components GB/T 28791 Sign of Railway Vehicle GBZ 230 Classification for Hazards of Occupational Exposure to Toxicant NB/T 47013 (All Parts) Nondestructive Testing of Pressure Equipments NB/T 47014 Welding Procedure Qualification for Pressure Equipment TB/T 60 Air Brake Hose Coupling for Locomotive and Rolling Stock TB/T 456 Couplers and Coupler Yokes for Railway Rolling Stock TB/T 493 Assembling Specifications of Couplers and Draft Gears for Railway Car TB/T 1335 Code for Strength Design and Test Evaluation of Railway Rolling Stock TB/T 1558 (All Parts) Non-destructive Testing of Welding for Rolling Stock TB/T 1808 Electric Equipment and Cooling-heating Equipment for Railway Mechanical Refrigerator Car TB/T 1900 Air Reservoir of Railway Vehicle TB/T 1961 Railway Vehicle Draft Gears TB/T 1979 Atmospheric Corrosion Resisting Steel for Railway Rolling Stock TB/T 2206 103/104 Type Air Distributor Rubber Piece for Vehicles TB/T 2231.2 Braking System of Rolling Stocks - Part 2: Freight Car TB/T 2843 General Technical Requirement for Rolling Stock Rubber to Metal Parts TB/T 2911 General Technical Specification of Riveting Process for Railway Vehicle TB/T 2942 General Technical Specifications of Steel Castings for Rolling Stock TB/T 2950 Coupler Connection Contour for Locomotives and Rolling Stock TB/T 2978 Hand Brakes of Railway Freight Car TB/T 3138 Technical Specification of Flame Retardant Materials for Railway Locomotive and Vehicle TB/T 3144 General Technical Specifications of Variable Load Equipment for Railway Freight Car TB/T 3224 Automatic Brake Valve for Derailment of Railway Freight Car TB/T 3304 Technical Requirements for Railway Goods Loading and Reinforcing TB/T 3319 Railway Tank Car Dedicated Breathing Type Safety Valves TB/T 3421 Aluminum Alloy Plates, Sheets and Profiles for Railway Freight Cars TB/T 3443.3 Coded Rules of Type, Model and Number for Railway Rolling Stock - Part 3: Freight Car TB/T 3462 Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip for Railway Freight Car JJG 140 Verification Regulation of Volume of Rail Tankers JJG 184 Verification Regulation of Volume of Rail Tankers for Liquefied Gases 3.1 The design and manufacturing of freight car and its parts and components shall meet the requirements of this standard, relevant standards and the product drawings and technical documents approved according to established procedures. 3.2 The freight cars shall be able to adapt -40~+40℃ operation environment temperature. The freight cars required to enter into defrost garage shall meet the requirement of being continuously placed for 3h at 110℃ to restore to normal temperature without reducing performance. 3.3 As for braking system of freight car, the constant pressure of main pipe shall be 500kPa. In case of special requirements, that shall be 600kPa. 3.4 The braking ratio of car shall meet the requirement for parking within the specified emergency braking distance. 3.5 The shape contour shall meet those specified in GB 146.1. 3.6 The coupled freight car shall be able to pass the horizontal curve with the minimum radius of 145m. 3.7 The freight cars shall be provided with automatic braking device and manual braking device work independently, and the manual braking device shall meet the parking operation requirements at 20‰ ramp. 3.8 The safety technical requirements for freight cars shall meet those specified in Annex A. 3.9 The strength design of car shall meet those specified in TB/T 1335. 3.10 The dynamic performance of complete freight car shall meet those specified in GB/T 5599. 3.11 The loading and reinforcing devices set on freight car shall meet those specified in TB/T 3304. 3.12 The control room and car-escorting room of covered freight car or other freight cars shall be provided with the performance resisting rain and snow seepage; the structure of open car shall be beneficial to water drainage. 3.13 The freight cars should be able to pass car retarder and mechanized hump, the cars failing to pass hump or mechanized grouping station shall be provided with mark for prohibiting from passing hump. 3.14 Cars shall be provided with function of electrostatic discharge. 3.15 The interface dimension of freight cars shall meet the following requirements: a) in no-load state, the height of coupler centerline is 880±10mm; b) the connection contour of automatic coupler shall meet those specified in TB/T 2950; c) the connection dimension of braking hose shall meet those specified in TB/T 60. 4.1 The car body material shall meet the requirements of car strength, stiffness, fatigue, impact and corrosion resistance; the low-temperature impact absorbed energy KV2 of center sill material at -40℃ shall not be less than 24J. 4.2 The quality carbon structural steel, carbon structural steel and high strength low alloy structural steel shall meet those specified in GB/T 699, GB/T 700 and GB/T 1591 respectively. 4.3 The weather resisting steel shall meet those specified in TB/T 1979. 4.4 The aluminum alloy shall meet those specified in TB/T 3421 or relevant standards. Stainless steel shall meet those specified in TB/T 3462 or relevant standards. 4.5 Steel castings shall meet those specified in TB/T 2942 or relevant standards. 4.6 Elastic rubber elements shall meet those specified in TB/T 2843. 4.7 The rubber sealing element for braking system shall meet those specified in TB/T 2206. 4.8 Other ferrous metal, nonferrous metal and non-metal materials shall meet those specified in relevant standards. 5.1.1 Welding shall meet those specified in GB/T 25343 (all parts) or related technical specifications. Non-destructive testing for welding shall meet those specified in TB/T 1558 (all parts) or NB/T 47013 (all parts). 5.1.2 Riveting shall meet those specified in TB/T 2911. 5.2.1 Center sill and underframe form the sidewise bendings of rear center sill and the sidewise bendings of rear side sill respectively, both of which are less than or equal to 0.06% of the basic dimension for the overall length and less than or equal to 3mm per meter. As for front and rear draft lugs, relative displacement of the same working surface is less than or equal to 1mm; the inner-side distance between wearing plates of draft sill is 330_(-2)^(+1)mm; the distance between the working surfaces of front and rear draft lugs is 625_(-3)^0mm. The flatness tolerance of installation plane for the upper center plate is 1mm. 5.2.2 After the underframe is assembled, the limit deviation of underframe length is ±0.08% of the basic dimension and that of width is ±5mm; the diagonal difference is respectively as follows: where the underframe length is less than or equal to 15m, it is less than or equal to 8mm and where the underframe length is greater than 15m, it is less than or equal to 12mm. As for the two center plates, the limit deviation of their center distance is ±0.07% of the basic dimension. 5.2.3 The lateral offset for centerline of upper center plate to the underframe centerline of bolster shall be less than or equal to 3mm. 5.2.4 After the car body steel structure is assembled, the upwarps of center sill and side sill between two bolsters shall be precast; the upwarp or droop of lower side sill and draft sill (except bolster) is less than or equal to 5mm; the turn of draft sill is less than or equal to 5mm. 5.2.5 After the underframe is installed and welded, the lower planes of four upper side bearing wearing plates shall be in the same plane and the flatness tolerance is 2mm. General technical requirements for bogie shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 25024. 5.4.1 Manual braking device shall meet those specified in TB/T 2978 and relevant technical documents. 5.4.2 The assembling of air braking device shall meet those specified in TB/T 2231.2. 5.4.3 Automatic empty and load adjusting device shall meet those specified in TB/T 3144. 5.4.4 Automatic derailment brake valve shall meet those specified in TB/T 3224. 5.5.1 Coupler and coupler yoke shall meet those specified in TB/T 456. 5.5.2 The buffer shall meet those specified in TB/T 1961. 5.5.3 The assembling of coupler buffer device shall meet those specified in TB/T 493. 5.6.1 The height of coupler centerline is 880±10mm and the height difference between the first and second couplers of the same car shall not exceed 10mm. 5.6.2 The height difference between the upper plane of the same end sill of underframe and the rail surface shall be less than or equal to 12mm. Except for refrigerator car. As for cars without upper cover plate for end sill, it will be measured at the two side sills by conversion. 5.6.3 As for the cars equipped with constant-contact elastic side bearing, the compression of elastic side bearing and side bearing clearance shall meet the relevant requirements. 5.6.4 No lubricating grease is provided between center plate and its wearing panel. 6.1 Protection and painting shall meet those specified in relevant standards and technical documents. 6.2 Car marks shall meet those specified in GB/T 28791 and GB/T 3443.3. Specific requirements for various car types shall meet those specified in Annexes B~E.

Contents Foreword i Introduction iii 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 General Requirements 4 Material Requirements 5 Manufacturing Requirements 5.1 Process Requirements 5.2 Car body 5.3 Bogie 5.4 Braking Device 5.5 Coupler Buffer Device 5.6 Car Completion 6 Painting and Marking 7 Requirements for Various Car Types Annex A (Normative) Safety Technical Requirements for Railway Freight Car Annex B (Normative) Technical Requirements for Open, Covered and Flat Cars Annex C (Normative) General Technical Requirements for Tank Car Annex D (Normative) Technical Requirements for Mechanical Refrigerator Car Annex E (Normative) Technical Requirements for Other Car Types

本标准未涉及结构和运用有特殊要求的货车(如：长大货物车、液化气体铁路罐车),本标准部分条款适用于特殊要求的货车，结构和运用有特殊要求的货车可参照执行。 铁路货车通用技术要求 1 范围 本标准规定了标准轨距铁道货车的一般要求、材料要求、制造要求、涂装与标志等。 本标准适用于最高运行速度小于或等于120km/h、轴重小于或等于30t的标准轨距新造铁道货车。最高运行速度大于120km/h、轴重大于30t或结构和运用有特殊要求的新造铁道货车可参照执行。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 GB 146.1 标准轨距铁路机车车辆限界 GB/T 699 优质碳素结构钢 GB/T 700 碳素结构钢 GB/T 702 热轧钢棒尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差 GB/T 1591 低合金高强度结构钢 GB/T 4806.10 食品安全国家标准 食品接触用涂料涂层 GB/T 5599 铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范 GB/T 25024 铁道货车二轴转向架通用技术条件 GB/T 25343（所有部分）铁路应用 轨道车辆及其零部件的焊接 GB/T 28791 铁路车辆标志 GBZ 230 职业性接触毒物危害程度分级 NB/T 47013（所有部分）承压设备无损检测 NB/T 47014 承压设备焊接工艺评定 NB/T 60 机动车辆用制动软管连接器 NB/T 456 铁道车辆用车钩、钩尾框 NB/T 493 铁道车辆车钩缓冲装置组装技术条件 TB/T 1335 铁道车辆强度设计及试验鉴定规范 TB/T 1558（所有部分）机车车辆焊接无损检测 TB/T 1808 铁道机械冷藏车电气装置和制冷加温装置 TB/T 1900 铁道车辆储风缸 TB/T 1961 铁道车辆缓冲器 TB/T 1979 铁道车辆用耐大气腐蚀钢 TB/T 2206 车辆用103/104型空气分配阀橡胶件 TB/T 2231.2 铁道车辆制动系统 第2部分：货车 TB/T 2843 机车车辆用橡胶弹性元件通用技术条件 TB/T 2911 铁道车辆铆接通用技术条件 TB/T 2942 机车车辆用铸钢件通用技术条件 TB/T 2950 机车车辆车钩连接轮廓 TB/T 2978 铁道货车手制动机 TB/T 3138 机车车辆阻燃材料技术条件 TB/T 3144 铁道货车空重车自动调整装置通用技术条件 TB/T 3224 铁道货车脱轨自动制动阀 TB/T 3304 铁路货物装载加固技术要求 TB/T 3319 铁道罐车用呼吸式安全阀 TB/T 3421 铁道货车用铝合金板材及型材 TB/T 3343.3 机车车辆车种、车型和车号编码规则 第3部分：货车 TB/T 3462 铁道货车用不锈钢钢板（带） JJG 140 铁路罐车容积检定规程 JJG 184 液化气体铁路罐车容积检定规程 3 一般要求 3.1 货车及其零部件的设计、制造应符合本标准及相关标准的规定，并应符合按规定程序批准的产品图样及技术文件的要求。 3.2 货车应能适应－40℃~+40℃运用环境温度。需进解冻库的货车应满足在110℃连续放置3h恢复常温而不降低性能的要求。 3.3 货车制动系统应满足主管定压500kPa。如有特殊要求时，应满足主管压力600kPa的要求。 3.4 车辆制动率应能满足在规定紧急制动距离内停车的要求。 3.5外形轮廓应符合GB 146.1的规定。 3.6 连挂时应能通过最小半径为145 m的水平曲线。 3.7货车应具有自动制动装置和人力制动装置，二者应能独立工作，人力制动装置应能保证20%坡道的驻车作业要求。 3.8 货车的安全技术要求应符合附录A的规定。 3.9 车辆强度设计应符合 TB/T 1335的规定。 3.10 整车动力学性能应符合GB/T 5599的规定。 3.11车辆上设置的装载加固装置应满足TB/T 3304的规定。 3.12有盖货车或其他货车的操纵室、押运间应具有防止雨、雪浸入性能；无盖货车结构应利于排水。 3.13货车宜能通过车辆减速器和机械化驼峰，不能通过驼峰或机械化编组站的车辆应有禁止通过驼峰标志。 3.14车辆应具有静电释放功能。 3.15货车的接口尺寸应符合以下规定： a) 空车状态车钩中心线高度为880 mm±10 mm； b) 自动车钩的连接轮廓应符合TB/T 2950的规定； c) 制动软管的连接尺寸应符合TB/T 60的规定。 4 材料要求 4.1 车体材料应满足车辆强度、刚度、疲劳、冲击和耐腐蚀性要求，中梁材料－40℃的低温冲击吸收能量KV，.不应小于24 J。 4.2优质碳素结构钢、碳素结构钢、低合金高强度结构钢应分别符合GB/T699、GB/'T700、GB/T 1591的规定。 4.3 耐大气腐蚀钢应符合TB/T 1979的规定。 4.4 铝合金应符合TB/T 3421或相关标准的规定。不锈钢应符合TB/T 3462或相关标准的规定 4.5 铸钢件用符合TB/T 2942或相关的规定。 4.6 橡胶弹性元件应符合TB/T 2843的规定。 4.7 制动系统用橡胶密封件应符合TB/T 2206的规定。 4.8 其他黑色金属、有色金属以及非金属材料，应符合相关标准的规定。 5 制造要求 5.1 工艺要求 5.1.1 焊接应符合GB/T 25343(所有部分)或相关技术规范。焊接无损检测应符合TB/T 1558（所有部分）或NB/T 47013（所有部分）的规定。 5.1.2 铆接应符合TB/T 2911等相关规定。 5.2 车体 5.2.1 中梁组成后中梁旁弯和底架组成后侧梁旁弯，在全长内小于或等于基本尺寸的0.06%，每米内小于或等于3 mm。两从板座同一工作面之间的相对位移小于或等于1mm；牵引梁磨耗板处内侧距离为330 +1 —2mm；前后从板座工作面的距离为625_0 3mm。上心盘安装平面的平面度公差为1mm。 5.2.2 底架组成后，底架长度极限偏差为基本尺寸的±0.08%，宽度极限偏差为±5mm，对角线之差分别为：底架长度小于或等于15 m时，其对角线之差小于或等于8mm，底架大于15m时，其对角线之差小于或等于12 mm，两心盘中心距的极限偏差为基本尺寸的±0.07%。 5.2.3上心盘中心线对枕梁处的底架中心线的横向偏移量应小于或等于3mm。 5.2.4 车体钢结构组成后，两枕梁间的中梁和侧梁应预制上挠，枕梁以外的下侧梁和牵引梁上翘或下垂小于或等于5 mm，牵引梁甩头小于或等于5 mm。 5.2.5 底架组焊后，四个上旁承磨耗板的下平面应在同一平面内，其平面公差为2mm。 5.3 转向架 转向架通用技术要求应符合GB/T 25024的相关规定。 5.4 制动装置 5.4.1 人力制动装置用符合TB/T 2978及有关技术文件的规定。 5.4.2 空气制动装置的组装应符合TB/T2231.2的规定。 5.4.3 空重车自动调整装置应符合TB/T 3144的规定。 5.4.4 脱轨自动制动阀应符合TB/T 3224的规定。 5.5 车钩缓冲装置 5.5.1 车钩、钩尾框应符合TB/T 456的规定。 5.5.2 缓冲器应符合TB/T 1961的规定。 5.5.3 车钩缓冲装置的组装应符合TB/T 493的规定。 5.6 车辆落成 5.6.1 车钩中心线高为880mm±10mm,同一辆车的1/2位车钩高度差不应超过10mm。 5.6.2 底架同一端梁上平面距轨面的高度差应小于或等于12mm。冷藏车除外。无端梁上盖板车辆换算成在两侧梁处测量。 5.6.3 装用常接触弹性旁承的车辆，弹性旁承压缩量和旁承间隙应符合相关规定。 5.6.4 心盘与心盘磨耗盘间应无润滑脂。 6 涂装与标志 6.1 防护和涂装应符合有关标准及技术文件的规定。 6.2 车辆标志应符合GB/T 28791和GB/T 3443.3的规定。 7 各车种要求 各车种的具体要求应符合附录B~附录E的规定。 附录A （规范性附录） 铁道货车安全技术要求 A.1 一般要求 A.1.1 凡外露易伤人的零部件应采取倒棱、倒角等安全措施。 A.1.2 货车地板应根据需要设置货物固定装置。 A.1.3 车下紧固、悬吊的部件应采取防松、防脱措施，必要时加装安全防护装置。可拆卸的阀盖等附件应装有防止丢失或防止意外开启、拆卸的防护措施。 A.2 供调车作业使用的扶手、扶梯和脚蹬的设置和要求。 A.2.1 货车侧面靠近1、4位车端处应设置脚蹬和扶梯或扶手。 A.2.2 凡需弯曲和扭转成型的扶手、扶梯和脚蹬体应热加工成型。 A.2.3 脚蹬体应具有使用所需要的强度和刚度。采用热轧扁钢制作时，扁钢截面尺寸不应小于12mm×50mm。采用其他型材制作时，其强度和刚度亦不应低于扁钢结构。 A.2.4 脚蹬最下一阶处应有护板。空车状态，脚蹬最下一阶距轨面的距离不应大于500 mm。脚蹬各阶间距离不应大于400mm，内宽不应小于290 mm。 A.2.5 扶手、扶悌和脚蹬均不允许安装于活动的零部件上，脚蹬应铆装于车体钢结构上。单个扶手和扶梯安装于钢质零件上时应采用铆接。与扶手、扶梯铆接处的零件板厚不应小于5mm（不足5mm时允许加垫）。单个扶手、扶梯安装于木质零件上采用螺栓连接时，螺栓头部与木质零件间应加钢质垫圈或垫板。螺栓应由车内穿向车外。 A.2.6 货车允许装用组焊一体式扶梯。梯阶若用圆钢制作时，应将梯阶与梯架铆装或将梯阶穿出梯架孔焊固。组焊一体式扶梯应具有足够的安装强度。 A.2.7 扶梯或组焊一体式扶梯采用圆钢制作时，圆钢直径不应小于16mm，扶梯的内侧宽不应小于380 mm。 A.2.8 扶梯各阶间距及脚蹬最上一阶距扶梯最下一阶的距离均应在350mm~450mm之间，且间距力求均匀。 A.2.9 车体1位端上应安装扶手或扶梯，其安装位置应保证作业人员能安全地由车侧跨入车端或踏上人力制动踏板。若手制动轮中心线距车体纵向中心线的距离大于100mm，则可不安装车端扶手或扶梯。 A.2.10 车体1位端墙上脚制动机右侧靠近上端梁或车顶处应安装扶手，供操作人员使用。 A.2.11 车侧扶梯和脚蹬的安装位置应尽量靠近车端。二者的对称中心线的距离不应大于100mm。 A.2.12 棚车、冷藏车等需进入站台装货的有盖货车侧面1、4位角柱附近的最上一阶扶梯距轨面的距离不应小于2 700 mm。 A.3 其他用途的脚蹬、走板、扶手、栏杆和内梯及外梯（罐车）的设置和要求。 A.3.1 凡需攀登车顶进行作业的有盖货车应安装车顶扶手或栏杆。 A.3.2 车顶扶手（栏杆）宜铆接或螺栓安装。采用螺栓安装时应加装弹簧垫圈、防松螺母或开口锁，也可采用将螺母与螺栓焊固的防松措施。 A.3.3 罐车应安装攀登车项作业用的侧梯或端梯。 A.3.4 侧梯或端梯的强度和刚度应满足使用人员攀爬要求。采用热轧扁钢制作时，应符合GB/T 702的规定。采用其他型材制作时，其强度和刚度不应低于扁钢结构。 A.3.5设有车顶装货口并需站在车项作业的货车应设置车顶走板和防护栏杆。罐车应设置防护栏杆，若因结构限制，栏杆难以设置于走板外侧时，可在走板内侧设置相同高度的扶手，支架可焊接于罐体上。 A.3.6 车顶走坡应用厚度不小于4mm的拉网钢板制作或采用其他相似结构。 A.3.7 设有防护栏杆的车顶走板，走板宽度不应小于300 mm，无防护栏杆的车顶走板，其宽度不应小于400 mm。 A.3.8 车顶防护栏杆顶部距走板面的距离不应小于500mm，当受空间限制栏杆高度无法达到500mm时，可适当调低栏杆高度，一.般不应小于300 mm。栏杆或扶手用圆钢制作时，圆钢直径不应小于16 mm，若用钢管制作时，钢管公称直径不应小于DN15。 A.3.9 需要从车顶进入车内作业的有盖货车及罐车，除要求设置扶手、走板和防护栏杆外，还应设置方便人员进出的人孔和内梯。内梯的安装除使用弹簧垫圈外，还应加装开口销。 A.3.10侧墙内高大于1000mm的无盖货车，根据需要应在车内侧设置作业人员进出的脚踏。A.3.11货车运行中有人作业或通过的处所(手或脚制动踏板除外)应设置防滑走板和保护栏杆或扶手。栏杆顶部距走板面的距离不应小于800mm。 A.4 走行装置和制动装置的安全要求 A.4.1 制动系统的储风缸应进行水压和气密性试验，并符合TB/T 1900的规定。各种拉杆应按照有关标准规定进行拉力试验。 A.4.2 人力制动装置轴链、拉杆链、链条应符合TB/T 2978的规定。人力制动踏板应具有足够的强度和刚度，踏板宽度不应小于250mm。长度不应小于600mm，与客车连挂的踏板长度不应小于500 mm。 A.4.3手制动机手轮高于上端梁或车顶时，手轮下缘距上端梁或车顶的距离不应小于80mm，敞车的手制动手轮不应侵入车内净空。手轮与人力制动机连接、人力制动机与车体连接应采用拉铆等可放松、防脱的联接方式；人力制动链条与人力制动拉杆连接销应采用拉铆等可防松、防脱、的联接方式；人力制动立拉杆、链条应设置防脱结构。 A.4.4 上拉杆、下拉杆、.制动梁、交叉杆、横跨梁、闸瓦间隙自动调整器等应有安全防护。A.4.5 货车转向架基础制动装置中的闸瓦插销应安装闸瓦销环。 A.4.6 人力制动装置位置应满足货车与客车连挂时不发生干涉的要求，人力制动机手轮安装高度应满足电气化区段安全作业的要求。 A.5 车钩缓冲装置的安全要求 A.5.1 车钩提杆手把距底架侧梁外侧面的距离不应大于350mm。 A.5.2 上作用车钩处于闭锁位置时，提钩链应保有45mm~55mm的松余量，车钩提杆的横向允许串动量不应大于50mm。 A.5..3 下作用车钩钩提杆扁平部位长度不小于250mm，扁平部位中心偏离钩提杆座不大于50mm，与钩提杆座的扁孔间隙不大于2mm。 A.5.4 钩尾销托梁、钩尾框托板和安全托板与牵引梁的连接件应具有放松功能。 A.6 其他安全要求 A.6.1 需控制车门开度的棚车，应设置开度控制装置。 A.6.2 具有上翻式下侧门的货车应设置下侧门上翻时的固定装置；该装置应具有足够的强度和安全可靠性。 A.6.3 设有活动侧板的平车，应设置侧板放下时的固定装置。 A.6.4 设有活动顶棚或活动侧墙的棚车，应设置顶棚或侧墙的开启、封闭固定装置。 A.6.5 罐车应根据需要设置安全阀等安全装置。 A.6.6 装运腐蚀性介质的罐车罐体外部应设置溢流液体的导流装置。 A.6.7 车体地板采用木质等可燃性材料时，应在闸瓦上方车体部分设置防火板。 A.6.8 漏斗车底门应设置开启、封闭固定装置。 A.6.9 需要攀登车顶作业的货车应涂打安全标记：“电气化区段严禁攀登”的字样。 附录B （规范性附录） 敞、棚、平车技术要求 B.1 结构要求 B.1.1 敞车 B.1.1.1 通用敞车应满足煤炭、矿石、建材、机械设备，钢材及木材等散装及集载货物运输的要求，满足人工和机械化装卸，适应翻车机卸车作业。 B.1.1.2 通用敞车应设置车门及车门锁闭装置，年门型式、尺寸和数量应满足货物装卸要求，车门锁闭装置应能防止车门在车辆运行中或翻车作业时开启。 B.1.1.3 敞车外形尺寸应适应装卸设施要求。上翻车机作业的车辆、翻车机应相互匹配。侧墙应满足翻车机靠车板、压车梁及振车器等作业要求. B.1.1.4 底架两端应设置牵引钩。通用敞车车体内、外侧应设置栓结点，拴结点布置应满足货物装卸加固要求。 B.1.1.5 专用敞车应满足承运货物的装运及装卸货设施要求。