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This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
Fuel cell electric vehicles—
Test methods of hydrogen emission
1 Scope
This standard specifies test methods of hydrogen emissions for fuel cell electric vehicles.
This standard is applicable to fuel cell electric vehicles of Categories M and N (hereinafter referred to as “vehicles”) which use compressed hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 18352.5-2013 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (China V)
GB/T 19754-2015 Test methods for energy consumption of heavy-duty hybrid electric vehicles
GB/T 24548 Fuel cell electric vehicles—Terminology
ISO/TS 14687-2 Hydrogen fuel—Product specification—Part 2: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications for road vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 24548 apply.
4 Test equipment and apparatus
4.1 The chassis dynamometer used and its test accuracy shall be as specified in GB 18352.5-2013.
4.2 The regulation of the chassis dynamometer shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Annex CB, Annex CC and Annex CD in Annex C of GB 18352.5-2013 to the satisfaction of the standard.
4.3 The accuracy requirements of test instruments are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 Accuracy requirements of test instruments
Description Unit Accuracy Remarks
Voltmeter V ≤0.5%FS FS: Full scale
Ammeter A ≤0.5%FS FS: Full scale
Thermometer K ±1 —
Hygrometer — ±3% —
Hydrogen flow meter g/s ≤1% On the basis of relative error
Hydrogen concentration detector — ±0.2% —
5 Vehicle state requirements
The complete fuel cell electric vehicle shall meet the following requirements:
—The configuration structure and technical parameters of the vehicle as released from the factory shall be maintained;
—Except for the equipment necessary for testing and the daily operating parts of the vehicle, the lighting devices and auxiliary consumers on the vehicle shall be turned off;
—The viscosity of lubricating oil for mechanical moving parts and the tire pressure (with the vehicle fully loaded) shall comply with the specifications of the vehicle manufacturer;
—Run-in of the transmission system and tires shall be carried out according to vehicle manufacturer's instructions;
—The vehicle shall use commercial fuel that meets the requirements of ISO/TS 14687-2.
6 Test methods
6.1 Hydrogen emission with engine warmed-up in idle
6.1.1 Preconditioning of the vehicle
Before the test, according to the procedure specified by the manufacturer, start the fuel cell engine and make it run at a certain power so that the temperature of the fuel cell engine is within the range specified by the manufacturer, and then shut down the fuel cell engine.
6.1.2 Test procedure
According to the manufacturer's instructions, start the fuel cell engine and keep it idling. After one purge cycle is completed, keep it idling for 1 minute, and then stop it following the manufacturer's procedure.
6.1.3 Measurement of the relative volume concentration of hydrogen emission
The relative volume concentration of hydrogen emission is measured as specified below:
a) From the start of the fuel cell engine, measure the relative volume concentration of hydrogen emissions until the fuel cell engine is completely shut down;
b) The measuring point is located 100 mm outside from the exhaust port and on the extension line of the geometric centerline of the exhaust port.
6.1.4 Test requirements
The test process shall meet the following requirements:
a) The test is carried out in a single exercise;
b) Continuously plot the relative volume concentration of hydrogen emission with time, with a sampling frequency not less than 5 Hz.
6.2 Hydrogen emission with engine warmed-up in cycle conditions
6.2.1 Preconditioning of the vehicle
Before the test starts, the test vehicle is placed on a chassis dynamometer with load and inertia simulation, and runs at a certain speed to make the fuel cell engine's operating temperature reach the temperature of the engine warm-up state specified by the manufacturer, and then shut down the fuel cell engine.
6.2.2 Test procedure
The test process shall meet the following requirements:
a) For Categories M1 and N1 fuel cell electric vehicles, and Category M2 with a gross weight up to 3.5t, the test vehicle load is applied as specified in GB 18352.5-2013. Start the vehicle following the procedure specified by the manufacturer, and perform the test in accordance with the cycle conditions (including urban cycle and suburban cycle) specified in GB 18352.5-2013 Annex CA. During the test, the vehicle speed deviation shall meet the requirements of GB 18352.5-2013. For Categories M2, M3, N2 and N3 fuel cell electric vehicles with a gross weight more than 3.5t, the test vehicle load is applied as specified in GB/T 19754-2015. Start the vehicle following the procedure specified by the manufacturer, and perform the test in accordance with the China-typical city bus cycle specified in GB/T 19754-2015. During the test, the vehicle speed deviation shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19754-2015.
b) Sampling starts from the start of the vehicle, and upon the end of the cycle, shut down the fuel cell engine. As the fuel cell engine is completely stopped, the sampling ends.
6.2.3 Test data measurement and results
Test data measurement and result processing shall meet the following requirements:
a) Record the curves of current (I), voltage (U), hydrogen flow (inlet flow mH2) etc. of the fuel cell stack with time. The accuracy of the hydrogen mass flow meter shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
b) Calculate hydrogen emission in accordance with Annex A.
c) The test shall be repeated three times, and the final result of the test shall be taken as the average of the three repeats, and the sampling frequency shall not be less than 5Hz.
d) Before each test, the SOC of the vehicle's power battery must be consistent.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test equipment and apparatus
5 Vehicle state requirements
6 Test methods
Annex A (Normative) Hydrogen emission calculation method
