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GB/T 25123 consists of the following Parts under the general title: Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles:
——Part 1: Machines others than electronic convertor-fed alternating current motors;
——Part 2: Electronic convertor-fed alternating current motors;
——Part 3: Determination of the total losses of convertor-fed alternating current motors by summation of the component losses;
——Part 4: Permanent magnet synchronous electrical machines connected to an electronic converter.
This part is Part 2 of GB/T 25123.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 25123.2-2010 Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles - Part 2: Electronic convertor-fed alternating current motors, and the following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 25123.2-2010:
——“Where further testing is to be undertaken in accordance with GB/T 25117.1 and GB/T 25117.3, it may be preferable, to avoid duplication, that some type and investigation tests be carried out on the combined test bed.” is added (see 1.1);
——The requirements for altitude and ambient temperature are modified. In Clause 4, the former direct requirements for altitude and ambient temperature are changed to “according to GB/T 32347.1-2015” (see Clause 4; Clause 4 of 2010 edition);
——The name of the insulation class is changed to “thermal classes of insulation systems”, and each class is represented with a figure, like 130(B), 155(F) and 180(H) (see 8.1.5 and 8.1.6; 8.1.4 and 8.1.6 of 2010 edition);
——The content on the limits of vibration of traction motor is modified. As the limits of vibration velocities have been changed in GB/T 10068-2008, this edition covers the corresponding modification. And the subclause “if the motor design has no fixed bearing, the longitudinal velocity of vibration can be excluded” is added (see 8.4; 8.4 of 2010 edition);
——The methods and standards optional for noise measurement are modified (see D.1; C.1 in 2010 edition).
This part is modified in relation to IEC 60349-2:2010 Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles - Part 2: Electronic converter-fed alternating current motors.
For the purposes of this part, the following structural deviations have been made with respect to the International Standard IEC 60349-2:2010:
——The subclause number of Clause 1 is modified, with addition of the subclause titles;
——8.5-"Noise measurement” is added;
——The subclause number of 9.3.1 is modified, with addition of 9.3.1.1 to 9.3.1.3;
——The subclause number of 9.3.2 is modified, with addition of 9.3.2.1~9.3.2.3;
——The subclause number of C.3 is modified, with addition of C.3.1 and C.3.2;
——The subclause number of D.1 is modified, with addition of D.1.1~D.1.6;
——The clause number of Annex E is modified, with E.1, E.2 and E.3 being adjusted to Table E.1;
——The annex number is modified, with Annex A being adjusted to Annex C, Annex C to Annex D, and Annex D to Annex A.
Technical differences between this part and IEC 60349-2:2010 are marked with perpendicular single line (|) in the outside page margin of the provisions concerned. Technical differences and their reasons are as follows:
——The adjustment in "Normative References" of this part has technical differences to meet the technical specification in China; the adjustment situations are embodied in a concentrated way in Clause 2 - "Normative references" and the specific adjustments are as follows:
GB/T 755 identical to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60034-1 (see 1.4 and Clause 4);
GB/T 1971 identical to the international standard is used to replace ISO 60034-8 (see 6.2, Table E.1);
GB/T 2900.25 identical to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60050-411 (see Clause 3);
GB/T 2900.36 modified in relation to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60050(811) (see Clause 3);
GB/T 2900.74 modified in relation to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60050-131 (see Clause 3);
GB/T 2900.83 identical to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60050-151 (see Clause 3);
GB/T 11021 identical to the international standard is used to replace IEC 60085 (see 8.1.5);
GB/T 32347.1-2015 modified in relation to the international standard is used to replace IEC 62498-1:2010 (see Clause 4);
The references, i.e., GB/T 1402, GB/T 25117.1 and GB/T 25117.3, are added (see 1.1 and Annex A);
IEC 60034-9, IEC 60034-17 and IEC 61672 are moved to the Bibliography.
——The environmental conditions are modified, altitude and temperature are according to the content of GB/T 32347.1-2015 Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock to meet the requirements of China's national conditions (see Clause 4);
——The specific parameter information provided by the designer of the asynchronous traction motor is added (see 5.1);
——The note to 6.1 is changed to a provision (see 6.1);
——The requirement for static head under the rated air volume is added (see 8.1.2);
——The test items are added and the content of Table 1 is modified. These test items include: noise measurement (see 8.5), measurement of cold DC resistance of winding (see 9.7), and inspection on wire code and direction of rotation (see 9.8);
——The footnote is added in Table 2 to match the actual situation in China (see 8.1.5);
——Annex E is modified into an informative annex (see Annex E).
The following editorial changes are made in this part:
——The title of Clause 7 is modified (see Clause 7);
——The format and content of Table 1 are modified, and the noise test in Table 1 is separately listed as a type test item (see 7.2 and 8.5);
——The name of the "electrical machine” is modified into "motor" (see 8.2.1 and Annex D);
——The title of 9.5 is modified from "dielectric test" into "withstand voltage test of winding to earth" (see 9.5);
——The note is deleted (see 9.5);
——The name of vibration test is modified (see 9.6);
——"Note: Annex E gives the agreement between user and manufacturer" is added to bring up Annex E (see Clause 9);
——The numbers of the equations are added (see Annexes C and D);
——The corresponding provisions are added and the corresponding text content is modified accordingly (see D.1);
——"Bibliography" is modified (see Bibliography).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part was proposed by the National Railway Administration of the People's Republic of China.
This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Traction Electrical Apparatus and System of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 278).
The previous edition of this part is as follows:
——GB/T 25123.2-2010.
Electric traction - Rotating electrical machines for rail and road vehicles - Part 2: Electronic convertor-fed alternating current motors
1 Scope
1.1 General
This part of GB/T 25123 applies to convertor-fed alternating current motors for propelling rail and road vehicles.
The object of this part is to enable the performance of a motor to be confirmed by tests and to provide a basis for assessment of its suitability for a specified duty and for comparison with other motors.
Where further testing is to be undertaken in accordance with GB/T 25117.1 and GB/T 25117.3, it may be preferable, to avoid duplication, that some type and investigation tests be carried out on the combined test bed.
Particular attention is drawn to the need for collaboration between the designers of the motor and its associated convertor as detailed in 5.1.
Note 1: This part also applies to motors installed on trailers hauled by powered vehicles.
Note 2: The basic requirements of this part may be applied to motors for special purpose vehicles such as mine locomotives but this part does not cover explosion-proof or other special features that may be required.
Note 3: It is not intended that this part should apply to motors on small road vehicles, such as battery-fed delivery vehicles, factory trucks, etc. This part also does not apply to minor motors such as windscreen wiper motors, etc. that may be used on all types of vehicles.
Note 4: Industrial type motors complying with GB/T 755 may be suitable for some auxiliary drives, providing that it is demonstrated that operation on a convertor supply will meet the requirements of the particular application.
1.2 Special considerations for the rating of traction motors fed in parallel
The rating of traction motors fed in parallel by a common convertor has to take into account the effect on load-sharing of differences of wheel diameter and of motor characteristics as well as weight transfer when operating at high coefficient of adhesion. The user is to be informed of the maximum permissible difference in wheel diameter for the particular application.
1.3 Power supply
The electrical input to motors covered by this part comes from an electronic convertor.
Note: At the time of drafting, only the following combinations of motors and convertors had been used for traction applications, but it may also apply to other combinations which may be used in the future:
——asynchronous motors fed by voltage source convertors;
——asynchronous motors fed by current source convertors;
——synchronous motors fed by current source convertors.
1.4 Motor types
The motors covered by this part are classified as follows:
a) Traction motors: Motors for propelling rail or road vehicles;
b) Auxiliary motors not covered by GB/T 755: Motors for driving compressors, fans, auxiliary generators or other auxiliary machines.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 755 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance (GB/T 755-2008, IEC 60034-1:2004, IDT)
GB/T 1402 Railway applications - Supply voltages of traction systems (GB/T 1402-2010, IEC 60850:2007, MOD)
GB/T 1971 Rotating electrical machines - Terminal markings and direction of rotation (GB/T 1971-2006, IEC 60034-8:2002, IDT)
GB/T 2900.25 Electrotechnical terminology - Rotating electrical machines (GB/T 2900.25-2008, IEC 60050-411:1996, IDT)
GB/T 2900.36 Electrotechnical terminology - Electric traction [GB/T 2900.36-2003, IEC 60050(811):1991, MOD]
GB/T 2900.74 Electrotechnical terminology - Circuit theory (GB/T 2900.74-2008, IEC 60050-131:2002, MOD)
GB/T 2900.83 Electrotechnical terminology - Electrical and magnetic devices (GB/T 2900.83-2008, IEC 60050-151:2001, IDT)
GB/T 10068 Mechanical vibration of certain machines with shaft heights 56 mm and higher - Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration severity (GB/T 10068-2008, IEC 60034-14:2007, IDT)
GB/T 11021 Electrical insulation - Thermal evaluation and designation (GB/T 11021-2014, IEC 60085:2007, IDT)
GB/T 25117.1 Railway applications - Rolling stock - Combined testing - Part 1: Combined testing of inverter-fed alternating current motors and their control system (GB/T 25117.1-2010, IEC 61377-1:2006, IDT)
GB/T 25117.3 Railway applications - Rolling stock - Combined testing - Part 3: Combined testing of alternating current motors fed by an indirect converter and their control system (GB/T 25117.3-2010, IEC 61377-3:2002, MOD)
GB/T 32347.1-2015 Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock (IEC 62498-1:2010, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.25, GB/T 2900.36, GB/T 2900.74 and GB/T 2900.83, as well as the following, apply.
3.1
rating of motor
combination of simultaneous values of electrical and mechanical quantities, with their duration and sequence, assigned to the motor by the manufacturer
3.2
rated value
numerical value of any quantity included in a rating
3.3
continuous rating
mechanical output that the motor can deliver on the test bed for an unlimited time under the conditions specified in 8.1 without exceeding the limits of temperature rise given in Table 2, all other appropriate requirements in this part also being satisfied
Note: Several continuous ratings may be specified.
3.4
short-time rating (for example, one hour)
mechanical output that the motor can deliver on the test bed for the stated time (e.g., 1h) without exceeding the limits of temperature rise given in Table 2, the test being carried out as specified in 8.1 starting with the motor cold, all other appropriate requirements in this part being also satisfied
3.5
short-time overload rating
mechanical output that the motor can deliver on the test bed for the stated time without exceeding the limits of temperature rise given in Table 3, the test being started and carried out as specified in 8.1.6
Note: Short-time overload ratings are of value in determining the suitability of motors for duties which involve relatively long periods of operation below the continuous rating followed by a period above it. These are most likely to occur in locomotive applications. They are not relevant to the repeated short load cycles of rapid transit and similar duties, and should not be specified for such applications.
3.6
intermittent duty rating
mechanical output and operating conditions of duty cycle in which the motor may be operated without the temperature rises exceeding the limits given in Table 2 at any point
3.7
equivalent rating
continuous rating with constant values of voltage, current and speed that, as far as temperature rise is concerned, is equivalent to the intermittent duty cycle which the motor has to withstand in service
Note: This rating should be agreed between user and manufacturer.
3.8
guaranteed rating
rating guaranteed by the manufacturer
3.9
guaranteed rating of a traction motor
normally the continuous rating, but in special cases the user and manufacturer may agree that it be a short-time or intermittent duty rating
3.10
guaranteed rating of an auxiliary motor
continuous rating unless otherwise specified
3.11
rated voltage
root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line voltage applied to a motor when it is operating at a guaranteed rating. For motors fed directly or indirectly from a contact system (rail), it is normally the highest voltage (excluding transients) which can be applied to the motor when it is drawing the rated current, with the contact system at its nominal voltage (see Annex A)
3.12
rated speed
speed at a guaranteed rating
3.13
maximum voltage
highest root-mean-square value of the fundamental component of the line-to-line supply voltage which can be applied to the motor in service
3.14
repetitive peak voltage
peak value of the waveform of the convertor output voltage, any random transient peaks arising from line voltage transients or other causes being disregarded
3.15
maximum current
maximum current shown on the characteristics provided by the manufacturer
3.16
maximum working speed
3.16.1
maximum working speed of a traction motor
highest speed assigned to the motor by the manufacturer
Note: When the characteristics of the vehicle for which a motor is intended are specified, this speed is not less than that corresponding to the maximum service speed of the vehicle assuming fully worn metallic wheels or the minimum rolling diameter of rubber tyres.
3.16.2
maximum working speed of an auxiliary motor
highest speed assigned to the motor by the manufacturer
Note: For specific applications, when assigning this speed, the most unfavourable conditions of voltage, frequency, loading, etc., that can occur in service should be taken in account.
4 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the following environmental conditions are assumed in this part:
a) Altitude: Height above sea level Class G1.4 according to GB/T 32347.1-2015;
b) Temperature: Temperature in the shade Class T1 or T2 according to GB/T 32347.1-2015 based on the application area of the product.
Whenever motors are intended to operate where one or both of these limits will be exceeded, special requirements may be agreed between user and manufacturer. For more information refer to GB/T 755.
Furthermore, the user shall inform the manufacturer of any particularly severe environmental condition such as dust, humidity, temperature, snow, dynamic effects, etc., to which the motors will be subjected.
5 Characteristics
5.1 Exchange of information
The motor and convertor designers shall collaborate to exchange all the technical information necessary to ensure that the combined unit will meet the requirements of this part.
To fulfil this requirement, the motor designer shall provide the convertor designer with all the information necessary to fully evaluate the interaction between the motor and the convertor. For asynchronous traction motors, the motor designer shall provide the following technical information:
——Equivalent circuit parameters of the motor under different magnetic fluxes, including stator resistance, rotor resistance, stator leakage inductance, rotor leakage inductance, and magnetizing inductance;
——Typical characteristics of the motor over the whole range of the application, including torque, power, stator voltage, stator current, stator frequency, efficiency, power factor and rotor frequency in relation to the motor speed.
The convertor designer shall also provide the motor designer with the characteristics showing, for example, the convertor line-to-line output voltage (including the repetitive voltage peaks), current, fundamental frequency, harmonics and power over the whole range of the application, including operation at the maximum and minimum values of the contact-system voltage.
The documents recording this exchange of information shall form an integral part of the specification of the motor and of the convertor.
Note 1: For more information refer to GB/T 25122.1-2010, 5.3.1.1.
Note 2: The length of cable run between motor and convertor and the effect on peak voltages seen at the motor terminals should be considered.
Note 3: For information about wave fronts and the impact to the motor see GB/T 20161.
5.2 Reference temperature
All characteristics, irrespective of the thermal class of the insulation system used on the motor to which they apply, shall be drawn for a winding reference temperature of 150℃ which shall be stated in the characteristics.
5.3 Specified characteristics
Motor specifications shall, as a general rule, include characteristic curves in accordance with the relevant clauses of this part. These curves, defined as the "specified characteristics", shall be plotted to the designed operating limits of each variable. Unless otherwise agreed between user and manufacturer, the characteristics shall show the motor performance at the nominal voltage of the supply system as defined in Annex A, and shall be submitted to the user before the order for the motors is placed.
5.4 Declared characteristics
Declared characteristics are derived from the results of type tests carried out in accordance with 8.2.1 and shall meet the requirements of 8.2.2.
Unless previously agreed, the declared characteristics of motors electromagnetically identical with any previously manufactured for the same user or application shall be those of the existing motors. In such a case, compliance with the characteristics shall be demonstrated by end-of-manufacturing tests only.
5.5 Efficiency characteristics
Efficiency characteristics shall take into account losses arising from the harmonics in the supply from the convertor. Power used for excitation of synchronous motors shall also be included in the losses, unless otherwise accounted for, (e.g. as an auxiliary load), in which case the omission shall be stated in the characteristics.
5.6 Traction motor characteristics
The specified and declared characteristics of a traction motor shall be the convertor-fed variable frequency characteristics, which shall show motor line-to-line voltage, current, power, frequency, mean torque and efficiency as a function of speed over the whole range of application of the motor. Characteristics of asynchronous motors shall show slip and those of synchronous motors shall show the excitation current. Voltage curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component as a function of motor speed. Current curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component and the total root-mean-square value as a function of motor speed. For motors used in the braking mode, similar characteristics shall be produced showing the torque input and the electrical output as a function of motor speed.
Note 1: Subclause 5.1 refers to the need for the exchange of information between the designers of the motor and of the convertor.
As an alternative to motor torque and speed, the characteristics may show tractive effort at the rail and vehicle speed, in which case the gear ratio, wheel diameter and transmission losses shall be stated. If conventional values are used for the latter, they shall be in accordance with Figure B.1.
Note 2: Subclause 1.2 refers to the need to consider the effect on parallel-fed motors of differing wheel diameters and of weight transfer between axles.
5.7 Auxiliary motor characteristics
The specified and declared characteristics of auxiliary motors shall be the convertor-fed characteristics, which shall show the motor line-to-line voltage, current, speed and mean torque as a function of motor output for each operating frequency over the whole range of application of the motor. The characteristics of motors which operate at continuously variable frequency shall be plotted for the maximum and minimum frequencies only.
Characteristics of asynchronous motors shall show slip and those of synchronous motors shall show the excitation current. Voltage curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component as a function of motor output. Current curves shall show the root-mean-square value of the fundamental component and the total root-mean-square value as a function of motor output. The characteristics shall take account of the additional losses arising from the supply harmonics and the efficiency at the guaranteed rating shall be stated.
Alternatively, the characteristics may be plotted as a function of speed.
Note: Subclause 5.1 refers to the need for the exchange of information between the designers of the motor and of the convertor.
6 Marking
6.1 Nameplate
All motors covered by this part shall carry a nameplate including at least the following information:
a) Manufacturer’s name;
b) Motor type designation;
c) Motor serial number;
d) Year of manufacture.
Furthermore, a serial number shall be punched on both the stator and rotor of every motor, and motors designed for unidirectional rotation shall carry an arrow indicating the direction of rotation.
The motor serial number and rotation arrow shall be easily readable when the motor is installed in the vehicle.
6.2 Terminal and lead marking
Terminal and lead markings shall be in accordance with GB/T 1971 unless otherwise agreed.
7 Test rules
7.1 Test categories
7.1.1 General
There are three categories of tests:
——type tests;
——end-of-manufacturing tests;
——investigation tests.
Note: See 1.1 on duplication of tests.
7.1.2 Type tests
7.1.2.1 General
Type tests are intended to prove the ratings, characteristics and performance of new types of motor. They shall be carried out on one motor of every new design. Unless otherwise agreed, the motor under test shall be one of the first ten manufactured. Where there is a change in place and/or method of manufacture, refer to 7.1.2.4.
Before testing commences, the manufacturer shall provide the user with a test specification outlining the tests to be undertaken to demonstrate compliance with this part. Following completion of the type tests, the manufacturer shall supply the user with a full test report.
7.1.2.2 Type tests on convertor supply
If each motor is fed by its own convertor, the type test should preferably be carried out using the convertor to be employed in service, but, as an alternative, a supply which closely resembles the supply from the vehicle convertor in waveform and harmonics may be employed.
If several motors are fed in parallel from a single convertor, the type test shall be carried out on a single motor using a supply closely resembling the supply from the locomotive convertor in waveform and harmonics.
If requested by the user, the manufacturer shall demonstrate the similarity of the test and service supplies, and shall state the likely effect on the performance of the motor of any difference between them.
Unless otherwise agreed, the type test shall be repeated if the electrical output characteristics of the convertor are changed.
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Environmental conditions
5 Characteristics
6 Marking
7 Test rules
8 Type tests
9 End-of-manufacturing tests
Annex A (Normative) Supply voltages of traction systems
Annex B (Normative) Conventional values of traction motor transmission losses
Annex C (Normative) Measurement of temperature
Annex D (Informative) Noise measurement and limits
Annex E (Informative) Agreement between user and manufacturer
Bibliography
