标准编号:	GB/T 20306-2017
中文名称:	游乐设施术语
英文名称:	Amusement devices terminology
中标分类:	A20    综合技术
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2017-09-29
实施日期:	2017-12-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 20306-2006 游乐设施术语
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	50000 字
翻译价格(元):	2600.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 20306-2006 Amusement devices terminology, and the following changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20306-2006 (the previous edition): a) Test is added in Clause 1 “Scope”. b) The original Clause 2 “Amusement devices” and Clause 3 “Basic concepts” are combined into Clause 2 “Basic concepts”. c) Clause 2 Basic concepts ——Amusement machines are changed to amusement devices, such as: amusement rides wonder wheel type is changed to wonder wheel type of rides, 22 changes in total. ——Classification of amusement rides is added. ——Small-scale amusement ride (2.2.2) is added. ——Slide type of rides (2.3.12) is added. ——Land amusement ride (2.4.1) is added. ——Water amusement ride (2.4.2) is modified (see 2.3, Edition 2006). ——Sky amusement ride (2.4.3) is added. ——Combined amusement ride (2.4.4) is added. ——Kids amusement ride (2.5.1) is modified (see 2.2.4, Edition 2006). ——Adults amusement ride (2.5.2) is added. ——Family amusement ride (2.5.3) is added. ——Passive experience ride (2.6.1) is added. ——Active interaction ride (2.6.2) is added. ——Actual experience ride (2.7.1) is added. ——Virtual experience ride (2.7.2) is added. ——Dynamic theater (2.7.3) is added. ——Fixed amusement ride (2.8.1) is added. ——Portable amusement devices (2.8.2) are modified (see 3.4, Edition 2006). ——Critical welds (2.10) are modified (see 3.7, Edition 2006). ——Critical shafts &/or pins (2.11) are added. ——Common member (2.12) is added. ——Embedded parts (2.13) are modified (see 3.9, Edition 2006). ——Amusement rides (3.1) are deleted. ——Point of force application (3.22) is deleted. d) Clause 3 Main parameters ——Number of passengers (3.1) is added. ——Height (3.2) is added. ——Orbit height (3.3) is added. ——Running height (3.4) is added. ——Unilateral swinging angle (3.5) is added. ——Swing diameter (3.6) is added. ——Slide length (3.7) is added. ——Strop length (3.8) is added. ——Dip angle (3.9) is added. ——Speed (3.10) is added. ——Lane (track, skidway, pavement) slope (3.24) is modified. ——Trigger threshold (3.26) is added. ——Display difference value between measured and displayed on panel (3.27) is added. ——Action error (3.28) is added. ——Maximum extension length of elastic rope (3.29) is added. ——Breaking force of elastic rope (3.30) is added. ——Force-decreasing amplitude of elastic rope (3.31) is added. ——Safety envelope (3.32) is modified (see 3.10, Edition 2006). ——Safety space (3.33) is added. ——Designed life (3.34) is added. e) Clause 4 Parts and components by types ——Clause 5 "Parts and components" is changed to Clause 4 "Parts and components by types". ——Facility inputs (4.1.7) are added. ——Foundation load (4.1.8) is added. ——Pile foundation (4.1.9) is added. ——Pile cap (4.1.10) is added. ——Second grout (4.1.11) is added. ——Level axle (4.7.3) is modified (see 5.7.3, Edition 2006). ——Overhead railway (4.7.16) is modified (see 5.7.16, Edition 2006). ——Average inclination of summer toboggan run (4.7.31) is added. ——Complete sets of summer toboggan run (4.7.32) are added. ——Lifting system of summer toboggan run (4.7.33) is added. ——Transition (4.7.34) is added. ——Leap section (4.7.35) is added. ——Lift rail (4.7.36) is added. ——Single track (5.17) is deleted (combined into 4.7.16). ——Dual track (5.18) is deleted (combined into 4.7.16). ——Free-fall bungee (4.9.8) is added. ——Catapult bungee (4.9.9) is added. ——Light bungee (4.9.10) is added. ——Water slide device (4.10.1) is modified (see 5.8.18, Edition 2006). ——Water slide (4.10.2) is added. ——Starting position (4.10.3) is added. ——Slide zone (4.10.4) is added. ——Ending part (4.10.5) is added. ——Water-circulation system (4.10.6) is added. ——Starting platform (4.10.7) is added. ——Catch unit (4.10.8) is added. ——Splashdown area (4.10.9) is added. ——Slide raft (4.10.10) is added. ——Water slide tube or raft (4.10.11) is added. ——Water slide mat (4.10.12) is added. ——Raft conveyor (4.10.13) is added. ——Straight slide (4.10.14) is modified (see 5.8.21, Edition 2006). ——Curve slide (4.10.15) is modified (see 5.8.22, Edition 2006). ——Enclosed water slide (4.10.16) is added. ——Open water slide (4.10.17) is added. ——Body water slide (4.10.18) is added. ——Inner tube water slide (4.10.19) is added. ——Mat sliding water slide (4.10.20) is added. ——Children's water slide (4.10.21) is modified (see 5.8.23, Edition 2006). ——Speed slide (4.10.22) is added. ——High speed slide (4.10.23) is added. ——Special water slide (4.10.24) is added. ——Slide average inclination (4.10.25) is added. ——Rider conveyor (4.10.26) is added. ——Water flow (4.10.27) is added. ——Clearance zone (4.10.28) is added. ——Wave height (4.10.30) is added. ——Waving equipment (4.10.31) is added. ——Game wave (4.10.32) is added. ——Wave in a greater degree (4.10.33) is added. ——Water attraction complex (4.10.34) is added. ——Leisure boats (4.10.35) are added. ——Catamaran (4.10.36) is added. ——Total length of leisure boats (4.10.37) is added. ——Beam (4.10.38) is added. ——Full-loaded maximum speed (4.10.39) is added. ——Outboard motor (4.10.40) is added. ——Drifting boat (4.10.70) is added. ——Dark ride (4.11.1) is added. ——Special effects (SFX) (4.11.2) are added. ——Animated figure/animated prop (4.11.3) is added. ——Show action equipment (SAE) (4.11.4) is added. ——Show control system (SCS) (4.11.5) is added. ——Ride control system (RCS) (4.11.6) is added. ——Motion control system (4.11.7) is added. ——Wayside control system (4.11.8) is added. ——Show set (4.11.9) is added. ——Degree of freedom (DOF) (4.11.10) is added. ——Film-based attraction/media-based attraction (4.11.11) is added. f) Chapter 5 Driving devices ——Power screw (5.15) is added. ——Crankshaft crank drive (5.16) is added. ——Cam drive (5.17) is added. g) Clause 6 Safety devices ——Safety means (6.1) is changed to safeguard (see 7.1, Edition 2006). ——Safe handle (6.2) is adjusted and classified (see 7.2, Edition 2006). ——Safe-belt (6.3) is adjusted and classified (see 7.3, Edition 2006). ——Safety rope (6.4) is adjusted and classified (see 5.10.7, Edition 2006). ——Safety fences (6.15) are adjusted and classified (see 7.15, Edition 2006). ——Electricity safety devices (6.16) are added. ——Mechanical safety devices (6.17) are added. ——Emergency stop brake (6.18) is added. ——Locking device (6.19) is added. ——Rupture security means (6.20) is adjusted and classified (see 5.4.3, Edition 2006). h) Clause 7 Electrical control ——emergency push button (7.5) is added. i) Clause 8 Inspection and test (newly added) ——The original 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16 and 3.17 are included into Clause 8 “Inspection and test” (8.1 “empty tests”, 8.2 “full-load tests”, 8.3 “bias load tests”, 8.4 “overload tests” and 8.5 “factory acceptance test”). ——Type test (8.6) is modified (see 3.18, Edition 2006); j) Clause 9 Service management (newly added) ——The test run (3.12) is changed to 9.13. ——The original facilities for dispatching passengers (7.8) is changed to evacuation device (9.21). This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Ropeway and Entertainment Facilities of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 250). The previous edition of the standard replaced by this standard is as follows: ——GB/T 20306-2006. Amusement devices terminology 1 Scope This standard defines basic terms and their definitions of amusement devices. This standard is applicable to such fields of production, service, inspection and test of amusement devices. 2 Basic concepts 2.1 amusement ride equipment or rides for amusement (entertainment) 2.2 Classification by parameters 2.2.1 large-scale amusement ride large-scale ride carrying passengers for business purposes, including those with the designed maximum running line speed greater than or equal to 2m/s or running height to the ground greater than or equal to 2m 2.2.2 small-scale amusement ride ride used for children amusement in public places, not belonging to large-scale amusement ride specified in "List of Special Equipments”, e.g. slide, swing, rocking horse, seesaw, climbing net, swivel chair and indoor soft amusement rides 2.3 Classification by power 2.3.1 power amusement ride ride driven by manpower, electric power, internal combustion engine, steam, etc., for carrying passengers for amusement 2.3.1.1 merry-go-round type of rides amusement rides with passenger cabin rotating around upright axle and going up and down in certain range, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.2 space-gyro type of rides amusement rides with passenger cabin rotating around the variable-dip-angle axle, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.3 fly-tower type of rides amusement rides with passenger cabin hanging with flexible member and rotating around upright axle while going up and down, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.4 astro fighter type of rides amusement rides with passenger cabin supported by rigid support arm, rotating around central upright axle and independently controlling the lifting, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.5 wonder wheel type of rides amusement rides with passenger cabin rotating or swinging around level axle, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.6 coaster type of rides amusement rides running along overhead railway and with inertial coasting features, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.7 overhead railway type of rides amusement rides running along overhead railway and driven by manpower, electric power, internal combustion engine, etc., and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.8 fairy train type of rides amusement rides running along ground railway and driven by manpower, electric power, internal combustion engine, etc., and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.9 racing car type of rides amusement rides running along the designated line on ground, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.10 battery-powered type of rides amusement rides running in specified field or road, powered by storage battery and driven by motor, and those with similar movement type 2.3.1.11 bumper car type of rides amusement rides running in field, driven by manpower, electric power and internal combustion engine and with car body bumping into each other 2.3.1.12 slide type of rides amusement rides made of profiles or groove materials, laid or erected on the ground obliquely and operated by the rider along the fixed line 2.3.1.13 shooting gallery type of rides amusement rides with signal, audio equipment, lamplight and digital display and mutually coordinated with mechanical action, target and shooting, and those of similar type 2.3.2 no power amusement ride amusement ride without power drive, which is for operation or amusement by riders 2.3.2.1 bungee amusement ride relying on elastic ropes or devices for mutual conversion between potential energy and kinetic energy to allow bouncing and tumbling of riders in the air 2.3.2.2 strop amusement ride that the riders, by virtue of such tools as pulley, slide along wire rope by gravity or other traction 2.3.2.3 inflatable amusement ride mainly made of flexible fabric and continuously supplied with air through one or more inflatable model fan(s) to maintain its shape, on which the main activities of riders are bouncing, sliding, climbing or interactive play 2.3.2.4 flying trapeze amusement rider for lifting the riders with wire rope to certain height and making to-and-fro swing around the suspension point by potential energy itself 2.3.2.5 mooring sightseeing balloon amusement ride with double-layer bladder construction, that is made of composite materials and filled with helium inside and that the balloon is provided with fixed mooring point on the ground and lower part of the balloon suspends and lifts the passenger cabin to have sightseeing 2.4 Classification by running areas 2.4.1 land amusement ride amusement ride built on land and realizing amusement mainly by virtue of mechanical transmission and other means 2.4.2 water amusement ride water equipment built for the purpose of amusement in virtue of water area, water flow or other carriers 2.4.3 sky amusement ride amusement ride mainly for sky sightseeing 2.4.4 combined amusement ride amusement ride combined with the above two or more types of rides 2.5 Classification by groups 2.5.1 kids amusement ride amusement ride designed for kids amusement 2.5.2 adults amusement ride amusement ride designed for adults amusement 2.5.3 family amusement ride amusement ride for kids amusement accompanied by adults 2.6 Classification by participation ways 2.6.1 passive experience ride amusement ride not providing interaction with riders during the amusement, such as pirate ship, roller coaster, etc. 2.6.2 active interaction ride amusement ride providing interaction with riders during the amusement, such as bumper car, shooting gallery, etc. 2.7 Classification by experiencing ways 2.7.1 actual experience ride amusement ride for achieving the purpose of amusement experience by virtue of its mechanical movement 2.7.2 virtual experience ride amusement ride for achieving the purpose of amusement by virtue of vision, taste, hearing and other sensory stimulation 2.7.3 dynamic theater amusement ride utilizing dark rides for audience and sound, light, electricity and other environmental effects mutually echoed to the film content 2.8 Classification by locations 2.8.1 fixed amusement ride amusement ride installed in a fixed location 2.8.2 portable amusement devices amusement devices without special civil foundation, convenient for disassembling/assembling, motion and transportation 2.9 critical component components under the action of impact, vibration, alternating or other load; in case of any failure, it will cause major personal and equipment safety accidents 2.10 critical welds welds directly affecting personal safety Note: such as weld of passenger cabin support, weld of upper and lower supports for lift oil cylinder (air cylinder), weld of support at passenger cabin suspension point, track butt weld, vehicle coupling weld, gondolas frame weld, etc. 2.11 critical shafts &/or pins shafts &/or pins directly affecting personal and equipment safety Note: for instance, amusement ride pivot, center shaft, support shaft and suspension shaft of passenger cabin, critical transmission shaft, wheel shaft, upper and lower pins of lift oil cylinder (air cylinder), upper and lower pins of lifting arm of passenger cabin, shoulder-type rod pressing shaft, vehicle coupling shaft, pins for anti-rolling back and anti-tipping devices, etc. 2.12 common member moving components (except critical transmission shaft), including members not directly affecting personnel safety, such as shaft, support arm, pillar, frame, truss, orbit, etc. 2.13 embedded parts non-removable metal members embedded in FRP part, structural casting or other materials in advance for connecting or reinforcing component strength 3 Main parameters 3.1 number of passengers maximum number of passengers during running under the rated conditions of equipment; for riders on one vehicle (column), it refers to the number of riders accommodated in vehicles connected in series at the same time 3.2 height maximum vertical distance of equipment in static state (disregard of lightning rods) 3.3 orbit height vertical distance from the highest point of orbit running surface to the lowest point of installation base surface for orbit support 3.4 running height maximum vertical distance from the supporting surface of rider restraint (such as seat surface) to the lowest running reference plane; for no power amusement ride, it refers to the maximum vertical distance from the supporting surface of rider constraint (e.g. slide surface, basket bottom surface, rider foot position of inflatable) to the installation base surface, wherein, the running height of high-altitude bungee refers to the distance from jumping-off point to the lowest dropping water surface or ground 3.5 unilateral swinging angle angle of the swing arm which swings around the horizontal shaft deviating from the plumb line (maximum: 180°) 3.6 swing diameter for equipment swinging or rotating around horizontal shaft, it refers to the rotating diameter of supporting surface of rider constraint (e.g. seat surface) around the horizontal shaft; for space-gyro equipment, it refers to the rotating diameter of the outermost edge of supporting surface of rider constraint (e.g. seat surface) with rotational motion as the main motion; for equipment rotating around vertical shaft, it refers to the diameter of circle obtained by rotating around the outermost side of seat or rider restraint in static state 3.7 slide length sum of the dip length of sliding rail and lift rail in slide 3.8 strop length theoretical dip length distance between the anchorage points of load bearing rope 3.9 dip angle maximum included angle of main motion rotating shaft and vertical direction for the equipment with main motion (namely turning plate or cabin rotating) rotating around the incidence variable shaft 3.10 speed maximum linear speed of passenger cabin of amusement ride during running 3.11 circumferential velocity velocity in the tangential direction that the passenger cabins (outer sides of cabin) of amusement rides rotate around the central shaft under rated load 3.12 up-and-down speed vertical up-and-down displacement speed of passenger cabins of the amusement rides under rated load 3.13 ramp-up speed maximum (constant) running speed of the amusement rides that tract upward by relying on external force along a sloped track 3.14 G-force ratio ratio of the instantaneous acceleration to the gravitational acceleration in the operation process of amusement rides 3.15 dynamic load factor ratio of the actual dynamic load (real conditions) to the static load in the operation process of amusement rides 3.16 arm-swinging angle included angle between axial line of big jib and horizontal plane where the big jib end of the amusement ride rises to the highest place

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Basic concepts 3 Main parameters 4 Parts and components by types 5 Transmission devices 6 Safety devices 7 Electrical control 8 Inspection and test 9 Service management Index

游乐设施术语 1 范围 本标准界定了游乐设施的基本名词术语及其定义。 本标准适用于游乐设施的生产、使用、检验、检测等领域。 2 基本概念 2.1 游乐设施 amusement ride 用于人们游乐(娱乐)的设备或设施。 2.2按参数划分 2.2.1 大型游乐设施large-scale amusement ride 用于经营目的，承载乘客游乐的设施，其范围规定为设计最大运行线速度大于或者等于2 m/s，或者运行高度距地面高于或者等于2 m的载人大型游乐设施。 2.2.2 小型游乐设施small-scale amusement ride 在公共场所使用，承载儿童游乐的设施，且不属于《特种设备目录》中规定的大型游乐设施。如滑梯、秋千、摇马、跷跷板、攀网、转椅、室内软体等游乐设施。 2.3按动力划分 2.3.1 有动力类游乐设施power amusement ride 具有人力、电力、内燃机或蒸汽等动力驱动，承载乘客进行游乐的设施。 2.3.1.1 转马类游乐设施merry-go-round type of rides 乘人部分绕垂直轴旋转并伴随一定行程的上下起伏及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.2 陀螺类游乐设施space-gyro type of rides 乘人部分绕可变倾角的轴旋转及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.3 飞行塔类游乐设施fly-tower type of rides 乘人部分用挠性件吊挂，边升降边绕垂直轴回转及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.4 自控飞机类游乐设施astro fighter type of rides 乘人部分由刚性支撑臂支撑，绕中心垂直轴回转并独立自控升降及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.5 观览车类游乐设施wonder wheel type of rides 乘人部分绕水平轴回转或摆动及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.6 滑行车类游乐设施coaster type of rides 沿起伏架空的轨道运行，有惯性滑行特征及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.7 架空游览车类游乐设施overhead railway type of rides 沿架空轨道运行，由人力、电力和内燃机等驱动及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.8 小火车类游乐设施fairy train type of rides 沿地面轨道运行，由电力、内燃机及其他动力驱动及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.9 赛车类游乐设施racing car type of rides 沿地面指定线路运行及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.10 电池车类游乐设施battery-powered type of rides 在规定的车场或车道内运行，以蓄电池为电源、电动机驱动及运动形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.1.11 碰碰车类游乐设施bumper car type of rides 在固定的车场内运行，由电力、人力及内燃机动力驱动，车体可相互碰撞的游乐设施。 2.3.1.12 滑道类游乐设施slide type of rides 用型材或槽型材料制成，呈坡型铺设或架设在地面上，由乘客操纵滑车沿固定线路滑行的游乐设施。 2.3.1.13 光电打靶类游乐设施shooting gallery type of rides 有信号、音响、灯光、数字显示，与机械动作、靶标、射击相互配合及其形式类似的游乐设施。 2.3.2 无动力类游乐设施no power amusement ride 本身无动力驱动.由乘客操作或娱乐体验的游乐设施。 2.3.2.1 蹦极 bungee 依靠弹性绳或势能与动能之间相互转化的装置，使乘客在空中产生弹跳、翻滚运动的游乐设施。 2.3.2.2 滑索strop 乘客借助滑轮等工具，依靠重力或其他牵引力沿钢丝绳线路下滑的游乐设施。 2.3.2.3 充气式游乐设施inflatable 由柔性织物为主体材料制作，通过一台或多台气模风机持续提供空气供应维持其形状的游乐设施，游玩者在其表面的主要活动为弹跳、滑动、攀爬或交互性玩耍。 2.3.2.4 空中飞人flying trapeze 将乘客用钢丝绳提升到一定的高度，靠本身势能围绕悬挂点作往返摆动的游乐设施。 2.3.2.5 系留式观光气球mooring sightseeing balloon 复合材料制作，双层球胆结构，内部充装氦气，球体在地面上有固定的系留点，球体下部悬吊乘人部分升空观光的游乐设施。 2.4按运行区域划分 2.4.1 陆上游乐设施land amusement ride 建造在陆地上，主要以机械传动等方式实现游乐的游乐设施。 2.4.2 水上游乐设施water amusement ride 借助水域、水流或其他载体，为达到娱乐目的而建造的水上设施。 2.4.3 空中游乐设施sky amusement ride 主要以空中观光为主的游乐设施。 2.4.4 组合式游乐设施combined amusement ride 结合以上两种或两种以上型式的游乐设施。 2.5按人群划分 2.5.1 儿童游乐设施kids amusement ride 专门用于儿童游乐的游乐设施。 2.5.2 成人游乐设施adults amusement ride 乘客专为成人游乐的游乐设施。 2.5.3 家庭游乐设施family amusement ride 用于儿童游乐，且有成人陪伴的游乐设施。 2.6按参与方式划分 2.6.1 被动体验式游乐设施passive experience ride 在游乐过程中，乘客和游乐设施之间无互动的游乐设施，如海盗船、过山车等。 2.6.2 主动交互式游乐设施active interaction ride 在游乐过程中，乘客和游乐设施之间存在互动的游乐设施，如碰碰车，光电打靶等。 2.7按体验方式划分 2.7.1 真实体验式游乐设施 actual experience ride 通过游乐设施的机械运动达到游乐体验目的的游乐设施。 2.7.2 虚拟体验式游乐设施virtual experience ride 通过视觉、味觉、听觉等其他感官刺激达到游乐目的的游乐设施。 2.7.3 动感影院游乐设施dynamic theater 利用观众乘坐的动感座椅，并与影片内容相互呼应的声、光、电等环境特效的动感影院游乐设施。 2.8按使用位置划分 2.8.1 固定式游乐设施fixed amusement ride 安装在固定位置使用的游乐设施。 2.8.2 移动式游乐设施portable amusement devices 无专用土建基础，方便拆装、移动和运输的游乐设施。 2.9 重要零部件critical component 受冲击、振动、交变或其他载荷作用下的零部件，一旦失效会造成重大人身、设备安全事故。 2.10 重要焊缝 critical welds 直接涉及人身安全的焊缝。 注：如乘坐物支撑件焊缝、升降油缸(气缸)上下支撑件焊缝、乘坐物吊挂点支撑件焊缝、轨道对接焊缝、车辆连接器焊缝、吊厢框架焊缝等。 2.11 重要的轴和销轴 critical shafts &/or pins 直接涉及人身和设备安全的轴和销轴。 注：如游乐设施主轴，中心轴，乘坐物支撑轴，乘坐物吊挂轴，重要的传动轴，车轮轴，升降油缸(气缸)上下销轴，乘坐物升降臂上下销轴，肩式压杠轴，车辆连接器轴，防逆行，防倾翻装置的销轴等。 2.12 一般构件 common member 运动部件(重要的传动轴除外)，不直接涉及人身安全的轴、支撑臂、立柱、框架、桁架、轨道等构件。 2.13 预埋件embedded parts 预先埋在玻璃钢件、结构浇筑件或其他材料中，用于连接或加强部件强度的不可拆卸的金属构件。 3 主要参数 3.1 乘坐人数 number of passengers 在设备额定条件下，运行过程中同时乘座游客的最大数量，对单车(列)乘坐游客是指相连的一列车同时容纳的乘客数量。 3.2 高度height 设备静态时的最大垂直距离(不包括避雷针)。 3.3 轨道高度 orbit height 轨道行走面的最高点距轨道支架安装基而最低点之间的垂直距离。 3.4 运行高度running height 乘客约束物支承面(如座位面)距最低运行基准面的最大垂直距离。对无动力类游乐设施，指乘客约束物支承面(如滑道面、吊篮底面、充气式游乐设施乘客站立面)距安装基面的最大垂直距离，其中高空跳跃蹦极的运行高度是指起跳处至下落最低的水面或地面。 3.5 单侧摆角 unilateral swinging angle 绕水平轴摆动的摆臂偏离铅垂线的角度(最大180°)。 3.6 回转直径swing diameter 对绕水平轴摆动或旋转的设备，指其乘客约束物支承面(如座位面)绕水平轴的旋转直径。对陀螺类设备，指主运动做旋转运动，其乘客约束物支承面(如座位面)最外沿的旋转直径。对绕垂直轴旋转的设备，指其静止时座椅或乘客约束物最外侧绕垂直轴为中心所得圆的直径。 3.7 滑道长度slide length 滑道下滑段和提升段的斜长总和。 3.8 滑索长度strop length 承载索锚固点之间的理论斜长距离。 3.9 倾角dip angle 主运动(即转盘或座舱旋转)绕可变倾角轴做旋转运动的设备，其主运动旋转轴与铅垂方向的最大夹角。 3.10 速度speed 游乐设备运行过程中，乘人部分达到的最大线速度。 3.11 圆周速度 circumferential velocity 在额定载荷下，游乐设施的乘人部分(座舱外侧)绕中心轴回转的切线方向的速度。 3.12 升降速度 up-and-down speed 游乐设施的乘人部分在额定载荷下，垂直上、下位移速度。 3.13 提升速度ramp-up speed 沿带有坡度的轨道，靠外力向上牵引的游乐设施的最大(匀速)运行速度。 3.14 加速度系数G-force ratio 游乐设施在运行过程中，瞬时加速度与重力加速度之比值。 3.15 动载系数dynamic load factor 游乐设施在运行过程中，实际受到的动载荷(真实工况)与静载荷之比值。 3.16 大臂倾角 arm-swinging angle 游乐设施的大臂端部升至最高处时，其大臂轴心线和水平面的夹角。 3.17 座舱深度gondolas depth 非封闭式座舱，脚踏面到座舱顶面(或扶手处顶面)的垂直距离。 3.18 座席靠背高度seat-back height 非封闭式座舱，座席的坐面到靠背顶面的垂直距离。 3.19 车辆最小转弯半径cars minimum turning radius 车辆转弯时，其前外轮(四轮)或前轮(三轮)外侧运行轨迹的最小圆弧半径。 3.20 制动距离 braking distance 从开始制动到车辆停住为止，车辆所经过的距离。 3.21 轮压 wheel load 车轮传递到轨道或地面上的最大垂直载荷。 3.22 轨距track gauge 两轨道或行走轮踏面之间的距离，有中心距、内测距、外侧距。 3.23 轨道曲率半径track radius 车辆运行线路的曲线段，双轨的内轨或单轨内侧的曲率半径。 3.24 车道(轨道、滑道、路面)坡度lane(track，skidway，pavement)slope 爬坡高度与展开长度的水平投影长度(通过计算)之比值，计算公式如下： i=h/B 式中： i——坡度； B——展开长度的水平投影长度，单位为米(m)； h——爬坡高度(相应坡道段长)，单位为米(m)。 3.25 滑道平均坡度 average inclination of summer tohoggan run 滑道全程高程差与滑道展开总长度的水平投影的比值。 3.26 触发阈值trigger threshold 启动安全防护装置所需的物理量。 3.27 显示偏差display difference value between measured and displayed on panel 测量值与安全防护装置自身显示仪表的显示值之间的差值。 3.28 动作偏差 action error 安全防护装置被触发时，作用在安全防护装置上的实际物理量与触发阈值的差值。 3.29 弹性绳最大伸长量maximum extension length of elastic rope 弹性绳拉伸至破断时的拉伸长度。 3.30 弹性绳破断拉力 breaking force of elastic rope 弹性绳拉伸至破断时所承受的拉力。 3.31 弹性绳力衰减幅度 force-decreasing amplitude of elastic rope 弹性绳在等幅拉伸过程中所承受拉力的衰减幅度。 3.32 安全距离 safety envelope 在游乐设施运行(转)过程中，为防止乘客肢体与周围物体触碰发生危险而留出的距离。 3.33 安全空间safety space 无动力游乐设施运行过程中，在弹跳区域外侧指定尺寸的空间范围。 3.34 设计寿命designed life 游乐设施产品设计时的预计不失去使用功能的有效使用时间。 3.35 使用寿命 service life 游乐设施在规定的使用条件下，完成设计使用期限规定的工作总时间。 3.36 活载荷 live loads 乘人本身的载荷。 4类别零部件 4.1通用部分 4.1.1 乘人部分passenger cabin 在游乐设施中支撑乘客游乐的结构。 注：如吊舱(厢)、座舱(厢)、座椅、车厢、皮筏等。 4.1.2 乘人部分框架loading frames 在游乐设施中乘人部分的受力金属结构架。 4.1.3 转盘turning plate 绕中心轴旋转且均布着乘人部分的轮盘。 4.1.4 立柱(支柱)pillar 支承转盘、架空轨道及其乘人部分的柱体(或架体)结构件。 4.1.5 吊挂轴 suspension shaft 吊挂乘人部分的轴。 4.1.6 提升钢丝绳hoist wire ropes 提升游乐设施乘人部分的钢丝绳。 4.1.7 土建设计提资facility inputs 为满足游乐设施安装的需要，土建配套设施所需的设计输入条件。 注：如坐标定位、设施载荷、水电要求等设计资料。 4.1.8 基础载荷 foundation load 游乐设施在各种工况下，对基础施加作用力的位置、大小及方向。 4.1.9 桩基础pile foundation 游乐设施基础的一种形式，将荷载通过桩传给埋藏较深的坚硬土层，或通过桩周围的摩擦力传给地基。 4.1.10 桩承台pile cap 位于桩基础的上部，直接与游乐设施支撑柱相对接，相关的预埋螺栓等也预埋于桩承台之中。 4.1.11 二次灌浆second grout 预先在游乐设施桩基础内留出孔隙，游乐设施安装时，在预留孔内浇灌高流动性水泥砂浆，以找平桩承台面，并使地脚螺栓牢固于承台之中。 4.2转马类游乐设施 4.2.1 中心支承轴pivot 转盘中心处的立轴。 4.2.2 支承轮 supporting wheel 支承转盘的从动轮。 4.2.3 驱动轮driving wheel 驱动转盘旋转的主动轮。 4.2.4 转动平台turning table 使乘人部分和乘客一起旋转的平台。 4.2.5 曲柄轴 crankshaft 带动乘人部分上、下往复运动或混合前后摇摆的传动曲轴。 4.2.6 周边传动的轨道rail for periphery transmission 转盘周边底而由平整的环形钢板制成的轨道。 4.2.7 曲线轨道 curvilinear rail 安装在转动平台下面的高低不平的曲线形状轨道。 4.3 陀螺类游乐设施 4.3.1 桁架式转盘turning plate lattice 由相互连接的桁架组成的转盘。 4.3.2 上转盘up turning plate 安装在大臂端部可绕其中心轴旋转的转盘。 4.3.3 下转盘 base turning plate 可支承大臂上转盘的全部载荷，并载其一同旋转的转盘。 4.3.4 大臂big jib 可绕其根部销轴上、下摆动，并在端部装有上转盘的箱形钢结构。大臂上、下摆动(升降)的同时，转盘可旋转。 4.3.5 下支承部base support 支承上转盘、大臂、下转盘及其传动装置的结构。 4.3.6 转盘主轴turning plate pivot 转盘中心处的轴，转盘可绕其旋转。 4.3.7 大臂销轴big-jib pin 大臂根部处的销轴，大臂可绕其上、下摆动。 4.3.8 大臂支承座big-jib support 连接和支承大臂根部的结构，是大臂重要的支承部位。 4.3.9 油缸支承座cylinder base 连接和支承油缸根部的结构，是油缸重要的支承部位。 4.4飞行塔类游乐设施 4.4.1 塔身lower 支承吊挂乘人部分及其转盘，并确定乘人部分升降高度的塔式结构件。 4.4.2 塔节 tower section 按所需起升高度进行组合的塔身结构单元。 4.5 自控飞机类游乐设施 4.5.1 座舱倾角 cabin slope 座舱座席平面与水平面的夹角。 4.5.2 座舱支承臂support arms 支承座舱沿中心做回转、升降的悬臂梁。 4.5.3 座舱牵引装置draw means 保证座舱在升降过程中始终处于一定相对位置的机构。 4.5.4 支承板supported plate 支承臂与座舱相互连接处的钢板，起支承和连接座舱的作用。 4.5.5 支撑臂销轴support arms axle pin 安装在支承臂根部处支座上的销轴。 4.6观览车类游乐设施 4.6.1 主轴pivot 承受转盘和乘人部分载荷的中心水平轴。 4.6.2 可调拉筋adjustable reinforcement 为保证转盘的几何形状、刚度、强度而设置的可调式金属拉杆。 4.6.3 吊厢(舱)挂耳gondolas hook 悬吊乘人部分(吊厢、舱)的金属构件。 4.7沿轨道和地面行驶的游乐设施(如：滑行车类、小火车类、滑道类、架空游览车类、赛车类和碰碰车类等) 4.7.1 车轮轴 wheel axle 支承车底架、车厢及其传动部件的轮轴。 4.7.2 立轴 upright axle 连接并固定车桥及车轮装置的竖直轴。 4.7.3 水平轴level axle 车轮装置连接车桥的水平轴。 4.7.4 连接销轴 coupling pin 车辆连接器的组成部分，通过销轴的连接，使车辆连接器和车辆连接在一起。 4.7.5 提升皮带hoisting belt 沿带有坡度的滑道向上牵引“激流勇进”游乐设施的船只而用的齿形皮带。船只底部固定的齿形皮带和提升皮带相啮合，以达到提升船只的目的。 4.7.6 车辆连接器vehicle coupling 两节相邻车辆之间相互连接并能传递牵引力的装置。 4.7.7 转向机构steering gear 控制车辆行驶方向的机构。 4.7.8 覆盖物 cover 对车辆(如赛车类、碰碰车类等)的驱动装置、传动部分及车轮加以遮挡的物品。 4.7.9 车轮装置wheel device 行走轮、侧轮和底轮装配在同一个车轮架上的装置。 4.7.10 行走轮 road wheel 传递牵引力，驱动车辆运行的车轮。 4.7.11 侧轮guide wheel 安装在轨道的侧面，承受侧向载荷，防止车辆脱轨或倾翻，并起导向作用的车轮。 4.7.12 底轮up wheel 安装在轨道的下面，防此车辆脱轨的车轮。 4.7.13 辅助轨道 maintenance rail 安全保障及检修设备用的轨道。 4.7.14 车道 road 供赛车(或碰碰车)类游乐设施行驶的道路。 4.7.15 车场 field 供碰碰车(或电池车)类游乐设施在规定范围内运行的场地。 4.7.16 轨道 overhead railway 离开地面有一定高度或在地面上铺设的轨道，型式可分为双轨、单轨。