 |
中标分类
行业分类
ICS分类
最新标准
|
登录注册 |
| 您的位置: 标准明细 |
All technical contents of this part are compulsory. GB 4706 consists of several parts under the general title Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety, in which, Part 1 gives general requirements, and the rest give particular requirements. This is Part 32 of GB 4706. This part shall be used in conjunction with GB 4706.1-2005 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1: General requirements. This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part replaces GB 4706.32-2004 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for heat pumps, air-conditioner and dehumidifier. The following main changes have been made with respect to GB 4706.32-2004: ——In Clause 1, the content to which “this part is applicable” is modified into “electrical heat pumps, including sanitary hot water heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers incorporating motor-compressors and hydronic room fan coils, their maximum rated voltages being not more than 250V for single phase appliances and 600V for all other appliances.” in the scope; ——In Clause 1, “this part also applies to electrical heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers containing flammable refrigerant. Flammable refrigerants are defined in 33.121.” is added in the scope; ——In Clause 1, the note in the scope is modified to “Note 1: A definition of 'motor-compressor' is given in GB 4706.17, which includes the statement that the term motor-compressor is be used to designate either a hermetic motor-compressor or semi-hermetic motor- compressor.”; ——In Clause 1, “this part does not take into account chemicals other than group A1, A2, or A3 as defined by 3.121.” is added in the scope; ——In Clause 1, the note in the scope is modified to “Note 3: This part specifies particular requirements for the use of flammable refrigerants. Unless specifications are covered by this part, including the annexes, requirements for refrigerating safety are covered by ISO 5149. The sections and clauses in ISO 5149:1993 of particular concern to this part are as follows: ——Section 3: Design and construction of equipment applies to all appliances and systems. ——Section 4: Requirements for utilization applies to appliances and systems which are for “similar electrical appliances”, i.e. commercial and light industrial. ——Section 5: Operating procedures applies to appliances and systems which are for “similar electrical appliances”, i.e. commercial and light industrial.”; ——In Clause 1, the content after the third dash in Note 4 in the scope is modified into “in many countries additional requirements are specified, for example, by the national health authorities responsible for the protection of labour and the national authorities responsible for storage, transportation, building constructions and installations.”; ——Clause 2 - "Normative references" is added;; ——3.120 is modified into “fan coil/air handling unit factory-made assembly which provides one or more of the functions of forced circulation of air, heating, cooling, dehumidification and filtering of air, but which does not include the source of cooling or heating Note: The device is normally designed for free intake of air from a room and delivery of air into the same room, but may be applied with duct work. This device may be designed for furred-in application or with an enclosure for application within the conditioned space.”; ——In Clause 3, definitions 3.121, 3.122, 3.123, 3.124, 3.125 and 3.126 are added; ——In 5.2, the following content is added: “the testing of Clause 21 may be carried out on separate samples. The testing of Clauses 11, 19 and 21 shall require that pressure measurements be made at various points in the refrigerating system. At least one additional specially prepared sample is required for the tests of Annex FF (Leak simulation tests), if that test option is selected. The temperatures on the refrigerant piping shall be measured during the test of Clause 11. Note 101: Due to the potentially hazardous nature of the tests of Clause 21 and Annexes EE and FF, special precautions need to be taken when carrying out the tests.; ——In 7.1, “the maximum operating pressure for the heat exchanger” is modified into “the maximum operating pressure for the heat exchanger for hydronic fan coil/air handling units”; ——In 7.1, 7.6 and 7.12, the symbol contents that shall be provided when a flammable refrigerant is employed are added; ——In 11.2, the content after the second dash is modified into “flow rates for liquid source or sink equipment shall be the minimum specified in the manufacturer’s instructions except for fan coils where the flow rates and liquid temperatures shall be the maximum specified in the manufacturer’s instructions;”; ——In 15.4, “indoor floor or wall mounted units accessible to the general public are tested as follows:” is added; ——In 19.10.1, “the test of 19.10 is repeated on class I appliances incorporating tubular sheathed or embedded heating elements. However, controls are not short-circuited but one end of the element is connected to the sheath of the heating element. The test is repeated with the polarity of the supply to the appliance reversed and with the other end of the element connected to the sheath. The test is not carried out on appliances intended to be permanently connected to fixed wiring and on appliances where an all-pole disconnection occurs during the test of 19.10. Note 1: Appliances with a neutral are tested with the neutral connected to the sheath. Note 2: For embedded heating elements, the metal enclosure is considered to be the sheath.” is added; ——21.1 Addition: “Safety requirements specified in ISO 5149:1993 shall apply. Safety requirements specified in Annex EE shall apply. The pressure test in Annex EE applies to parts other than pressure vessels."; ——22.102 is revised as follows: “22.102.1 Appliances provided with supplementary heaters for air shall be provided with at least two thermal cut-outs. The thermal cut-out intended to operate first shall be a self-resetting thermal cut-out, the other thermal cut-out shall be a non-self-resetting thermal cut-out. Compliance is checked by visual inspection and during the tests of Clause 19. Note: If, during the tests of Clause 19, a self-resetting control operates, it would be necessary to short out this control to determine if the non-self-resetting thermal cut-out then operates. 22.102.2 Appliances provided with supplementary heaters for water shall incorporate a non-self-resetting thermal cut-out, providing all-pole disconnection that operates separately from water thermostats. However, for appliances intended to be connected to fixed wiring, the neutral conductor need not be disconnected. Compliance is checked by visual inspection and during the tests of Clause 19. Note: Anti-frost heaters are not considered to be supplementary heaters for water, if it is not possible to heat up the water to a temperature higher than 80℃ at the highest operating temperature within 6h, with the temperature switch short circuited and with water flow stopped. 22.102.3 Thermal cut-outs of the capillary type shall be so designed that the contacts open in the event of leakage from the capillary tube. Compliance is checked by visual inspection.”; ——22.112~22.118 are added, giving the requirements for the construction of appliances using flammable refrigerants; ——Annex BB (normative) “Selected information about refrigerants” is add added; ——Annex CC (informative) “Transportation, marking and storage for units that employ flammable refrigerants” is added; ——Annex DD (normative) “Service operations” is added; ——Annex EE (normative) “Pressure tests” is added; ——Annex FF (normative) “Leak simulation tests” is added; ——Annex GG (normative) “Charge limits, ventilation requirements and requirements for secondary circuits” is added; ——The “Bibliography” is added. This part, by means of translation, is identical to IEC 60335-2-40:2005 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-40: Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers, including its Supplement 1 (2005) and Supplement 2 (2005). The following editorial changes have been made in this part: ——The standard has been renamed as Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety - Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air-conditioners and dehumidifiers so as to be consistent with the existing standard series. The Chinese documents identical to the normative international documents given in this part are as follows: ——GB 3836.8-2003 Electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres - Part 8: Type of protection "n” (IEC 60079-15:2001, MOD). ——GB 3836.15-2000 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 15: Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines) (eqv IEC 60079-14:1996). ——GB 9364 (all parts) Miniature fuses [IEC 60127 (all parts)]. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This part was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council. This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Household Electric Appliances of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 46). The previous edition of GB 4706.32-2004 is as follows: ——GB 4706.32-1996. Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air-conditioners and dehumidifiers 1 Scope This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is replaced by the following: This part of GB 4706 specifies the safety of electrical heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers for household and similar purposes. This part is applicable to electrical heat pumps, including sanitary hot water heat pumps, air conditioners, and dehumidifiers incorporating motor-compressors and hydronic room fan coils, their maximum rated voltages being not more than 250V for single phase appliances and 600V for all other appliances. Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops, in light industry and on farms, are within the scope of this part. This part also applies to electrical heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers containing flammable refrigerant. Flammable refrigerants are defined in 33.121. The appliances referenced above may consist of one or more factory made assemblies. If provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies are to be used together, and the technical requirements of this standard are based on the use of matched assemblies. Note 1: A definition of 'motor-compressor' is given in GB 4706.17, which includes the statement that the term motor-compressor is be used to designate either a hermetic motor-compressor or semi-hermetic motor- compressor. Note 2: Requirements for refrigeration safety are covered by ISO 5149, and requirements for containers intended for storage of the heated water included in sanitary hot water heat pumps are, in addition, covered by GB 4706.12. This part does not take into account chemicals other than group A1, A2, or A3 as defined by 3.121. Note 3: This part specifies particular requirements for the use of flammable refrigerants. Unless specifications are covered by this part, including the annexes, requirements for refrigerating safety are covered by ISO 5149. The sections and clauses in ISO 5149:1993 of particular concern to this part are as follows: ——Section 3: Design and construction of equipment applies to all appliances and systems. ——Section 4: Requirements for utilization applies to appliances and systems which are for “similar electrical appliances”, i.e. commercial and light industrial. ——Section 5: Operating procedures applies to appliances and systems which are for “similar electrical appliances”, i.e. commercial and light industrial. Supplementary heaters, or a provision for their separate installation, are within the scope of this part, but only heaters which are designed as a part of the appliance package, the controls being incorporated in the appliance. Note 4: Attention is drawn to the fact that ——for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; ——for appliances subjected to pressure, additional requirements may be necessary; ——in many countries additional requirements are specified, for example, by the national health authorities responsible for the protection of labour and the national authorities responsible for storage, transportation, building constructions and installations. Note 5: This part does not apply to ——humidifiers intended for use with heating and cooling equipment (IEC 60335-2-88); ——appliances designed exclusively for industrial processing; ——appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2423.18-2000 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Tests - Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution) (idt IEC 60068-2-52:1996) GB 4706.17-2010 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular requirements for motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34:2009, IDT) GB 4208-2008 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529:2001, IDT) GB/T 16842-2008 Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures - Probe for verification (IEC 61032:1997, IDT) GB 19212.1-2008 Safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar products - Part 1: General requirements and tests (IEC 61558-1:2005, IDT) IEC 60079-14:1996 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines) IEC 60079-15:2001 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 15: Type of protection “n” IEC 60127 (all parts) Miniature fuses ISO 817:1974 Organic refrigerants-number designation ISO 3864:1984 Safety colours and safety signs ISO 5149:1993 Mechanical refrigerating systems used for cooling and heating - Safety requirements ISO 7000 Graphical symbols for use on equipment - Index synopsis ANSI/ASHRAE 34:2001 Designation and safety classification of refrigerants 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is applicable except as follows: 3.1.4 Addition: Note 101: If the appliance comprises electrical accessories, including fans, the rated power input is based upon the total maximum electrical power input with all accessories energized, when operating continuously under the appropriate environmental conditions. If the heat pump can be operated in the heating or cooling mode, the rated power input is based upon the input in the heating or in the cooling mode, whichever is the greater. 3.1.9 Replacement: normal operation conditions that apply when the appliance is mounted as in normal use and is operating under the most severe operating conditions specified by the manufacturer 3.101 heat pump appliance which takes up heat at a certain temperature and releases heat at a higher temperature Note: When operated to provide heat (e.g., for space heating or water heating), the appliance is said to operate in the heating mode; when operated to remove heat (for example, for space cooling), it is said to operate in the cooling mode. 3.102 sanitary hot water heat pump heat pump intended to transfer heat to water suitable for human consumption 3.103 air conditioner encased assembly or assemblies designed as an appliance to provide delivery of conditioned air to an enclosed space, room or zone. It includes an electrically operated refrigeration system for cooling and possibly dehumidifying the air. It may have means for heating, circulating, cleaning and humidifying the air 3.104 dehumidifier encased assembly designed to remove moisture from its surrounding atmosphere. It includes an electrically operated refrigeration system and the means to circulate air. It also includes a drain arrangement for collecting and storing and/or disposing of the condensate 3.105 dehumidification-comfort dehumidification to reduce the humidity within a space to a level to satisfy the requirements of the occupants 3.106 dehumidification-process dehumidification to reduce the humidity within a space to a level necessary for the process or the storage of goods and/or materials or the drying out of the building fabric 3.107 dehumidification-heat recovery dehumidification where the latent and sensitive heat removed from the space together with the compressor heat is reused in another application rather than rejected outside to waste 3.108 wet-bulb temperature; WB temperature indicated when the temperature-sensitive element in a wetted wick has reached a state of constant temperature (evaporative equilibrium) 3.109 dry-bulb temperature; DB temperature indicated by a dry, temperature-sensitive element shielded from the effects of radiation 3.110 evaporator heat exchanger in which refrigerant liquid is vaporized by absorption of heat 3.111 heat exchanger device specifically designed to transfer heat between two physically separated fluids 3.112 indoor heat exchanger heat exchanger designed to transfer heat to the indoor parts of the building or to the indoor hot water supplies (e.g. sanitary water) or to remove heat therefrom 3.113 outdoor heat exchanger heat exchanger designed to remove or release heat from the heat source (for example, ground water, outdoor air, exhaust air, water or brine) 3.114 supplementary heater electric heater provided as part of the appliance to supplement or replace the output of the refrigerant circuit of the appliance by operation in conjunction with, or instead of, the refrigeration circuit 3.115 pressure-limiting device mechanism that automatically responds to a predetermined pressure by stopping the operation of the pressure-imposing element 3.116 pressure-relief device pressure actuated valve or rupture member which functions to relieve excessive pressure automatically 3.117 self-contained unit complete appliance, in suitable frames or enclosures, that is fabricated and shipped in one or more sections, and has no refrigerant containing parts connected in the field other than by companion or block valves Note 1: A self-contained unit in a single frame or enclosure is called a single package unit. Note 2: A self-contained unit in more than one frame or enclosure is called a split package unit. 3.118 appliances accessible to the general public appliances intended to be located in residential buildings or in commercial building 3.119 appliances not accessible to the general public appliances which are intended to be maintained by qualified service personnel and located either in machine rooms and the like or at a level not less than 2.5m or in secured rooftop areas 3.120 fan coil/air handling unit factory-made assembly which provides one or more of the functions of forced circulation of air, heating, cooling, dehumidification and filtering of air, but which does not include the source of cooling or heating Note: The device is normally designed for free intake of air from a room and delivery of air into the same room, but may be applied with duct work. This device may be designed for furred-in application or with an enclosure for application within the conditioned space. 3.121 flammable refrigerant refrigerant with a classification of class A2 or A3 in compliance with ANSI/ASHRAE 34:2001 [ISO 817] classification 3.122 refrigerating system combination of interconnected refrigerant containing parts constituting one closed refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting heat at the low temperature side to reject heat at the high temperature side by changing the state of the refrigerant 3.123 maximum allowable pressure a limit to the refrigerating system operating pressure, generally the maximum pressure for which the equipment is designed, as specified by the manufacturer Note: Maximum allowable pressure constitutes a limit to the operating pressure whether the equipment is working or not, see Clause 21. 3.124 low-pressure side the part(s) of a refrigerating system operating at the evaporator pressure 3.125 high-pressure side the part(s) of a refrigerating system operating at the condenser pressure 3.126 service port a means to access the refrigerant in a refrigerating system for the purpose of charging or servicing the system, typically a valve, tube extension or entry location 4 General requirements This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is applicable. 5 General conditions for the tests This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is applicable except as follows: 5.2 Addition: The testing of Clause 21 may be carried out on separate samples. The testing of Clauses 11, 19 and 21 shall require that pressure measurements be made at various points in the refrigerating system. At least one additional specially prepared sample is required for the tests of Annex FF (Leak simulation tests), if that test option is selected. The temperatures on the refrigerant piping shall be measured during the test of Clause 11. Note 101: Due to the potentially hazardous nature of the tests of Clause 21 and Annexes EE and FF, special precautions need to be taken when carrying out the tests. 5.6 Addition: Any controls which regulate the temperature or humidity of the conditioned space are rendered inoperative during the test. 5.7 Replacement: The tests and test conditions of Clauses 10 and 11 are carried out under the most severe operating conditions within the operating temperature range specified by the manufacturer. Annex AA provides examples of such temperature conditions. 5.10 Addition: For split-package units, the refrigerant lines shall be installed in accordance with the installation instructions. The refrigerant line length shall be the maximum length stated in the installation instructions or 7.5m, whichever is the shorter. The thermal insulation of the refrigerant lines shall be applied in accordance with the installation instructions. 5.101 Motor-compressors are also subjected to the relevant test of Clause 19 of GB 4706.17-2010, unless the motor-compressor complies with that standard, in which case it is not necessary to repeat these tests. 5.102 Motor-compressors that are tested and comply with GB 4706.17 need not be additionally tested for Clause 21. 6 Classification This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is applicable except as follows: 6.1 Modification: Appliance shall be of class I, class II or class III. 6.2 Addition: Appliances shall be classified according to degree of protection against harmful ingress of water in accordance with GB 4208-2008: ——appliances or parts of appliances intended for outdoor use shall be at least IPX4; ——appliances intended only for indoor use (excluding laundry rooms) may be IPX0; ——appliances intended to be used in laundry rooms shall be at least IPX1. 6.101 Appliances shall be classified according to the accessibility either as appliances accessible to the general public or as appliances not accessible to the general public. Compliance is checked by visual inspection and the relevant tests. 7 Marking and instructions This clause of GB 4706.1-2005 is applicable except as follows: 7.1 Modification: Replace the second dash by: ——symbol for nature of supply including number of phases, unless for single phase operation. Addition: ——rated frequency; ——the mass of the refrigerant, or of each refrigerant in a blend other than those of the azeotropic type; ——the refrigerant identification: for a single component refrigerant, one of the following: the chemical formula; the refrigerant number; for a blended refrigerant, one of the following: the chemical name of each of the components; the chemical formula for each of the components; the refrigerant numbers of each of the components; the refrigerant number of the refrigerant blend; ——permissible excessive operating pressure for the storage tank (for sanitary hot water heat pumps); ——the maximum operating pressure for the heat exchanger for hydronic fan coil/air handling units; ——for the refrigerant circuit; should the permissible excessive operating pressure for the suction and discharge sides differ, a separate indication is required; ——IP number according to degree of protection against ingress of water, other than IPX0. Appliances shall be marked with all of the designations and the rated inputs of the supplementary heaters for which they are intended to be used, and shall have provision for identifying the actual heater that is field installed. Unless it is evident from the design, the enclosure of the appliance shall be marked, by words or by symbols, with the direction of the fluid flow. The flame symbol and the instruction manual symbol of 7.6 shall be visible when a flammable refrigerant is employed and the following conditions exist: ——accessing parts expected to be subjected to maintenance or repair; ——observing the appliance under sale or installed conditions; ——observing the appliance packaging, if the appliance is charged with refrigerant. If a flammable refrigerant is used, the symbols for reading the user manual, the repair manual and the installation manual (symbols 3084, 3038 and 1785 of ISO 7000) shall be placed on the appliance in a location visible to the persons required to know the information. The perpendicular height shall be at least 10mm. An additional warning symbol (flame symbol: 2-2 of GB 2894-2008) shall be placed on the nameplate of the unit near the declaration of the refrigerant type and charge information. The perpendicular height shall be at least 10mm, and the symbol need not be in colour. Note 101: When installed, the marking shall be visible after removing a detachable part. The following warning shall also be applied to the appliance when a flammable refrigerant is employed. WARNING: Appliance shall be installed, operated and stored in a room with a floor area larger than ‘X’ m2 (only applies to appliances that are not fixed appliances). For appliances, which are not fixed appliances, the minimum room size X shall be specified on the appliance. The X in the marking shall be determined in m2 by the procedure described in GG.2 of Annex GG for unventilated areas and the X in the marking shall be 4 if the refrigerant charge of the appliance is less than m1 (see Annex GG, GG.1). The maximum allowable pressure for the low-pressure side and the high-pressure side shall be marked on the product. Note 102: For the refrigerating system, if the maximum allowable pressure of the low-pressure side and the high-pressure side is the same, a single indication is permitted. If not already visible when accessing a service port and if a service port is provided, the service port shall be marked to identify the type of refrigerant. If the refrigerant is flammable, symbol B.3.2 of ISO 3864:1984, shall be included, without specifying the colour. 7.6 Addition: When a flammable refrigerant is employed, a warning symbol 2-2 of GB 2894-2008, including colour and format, shall be permanently placed on the appliance. The perpendicular height of the triangle containing the "Caution, risk of fire" symbol shall be at least 30mm. When a flammable refrigerant is employed, a symbol requiring reference to the manual [2-2 of GB 2894-2008], including colour and format, shall be permanently placed on the appliance. 7.12 Addition: For appliances not accessible to the general public, the classification according to 6.101 shall be included. For appliances using flammable refrigerants, an installation, service and operation manual, either separate or combined manuals, shall be provided and include the information given in Annex DD. 7.12.1 Addition: In particular, the following information shall be supplied: ——that the appliance shall be installed in accordance with national wiring regulations; ——the dimensions of the space necessary for correct installation of the appliance including the minimum permissible distances to adjacent structures; ——for appliances with supplementary heaters, the minimum clearance from the appliance to combustible surfaces; ——a wiring diagram with a clear indication of the connections and wiring to external control devices and supply cord; ——the range of external static pressures at which the appliance was tested (add-on heat pumps, and appliances with supplementary heaters, only); ——the method of connection of the appliance to the electrical supply and interconnection of separate components; ——indication of which parts of the appliance are suitable for outdoor use, if applicable; ——details of type and rating of fuses; ——details of supplementary heating elements that may be used in conjunction with the appliance, including fitting instructions either with the appliance or with the supplementary heater; ——maximum and minimum water or brine operating temperatures; ——maximum and minimum water or brine operating pressures. Open storage tanks of heat pumps for water heating shall be accompanied by an instruction sheet which shall state that the vent shall not be obstructed. 7.15 Addition: A marking may be located on a panel that can be removed for installation or service, providing that the panel shall be in place for the intended operation of the appliance. 7.101 A marking shall be provided for a replaceable fuse or a replaceable overload protective device provided as a part of a product or remote control assembly. It shall be visible when the cover or door of the compartment is open. This marking shall specify ——the rating of the fuse in amperes (A), the type and voltage rating, or ——the manufacturer and model designation of the replaceable overload protective device. 7.102 If the product is intended for permanent connection to fixed wiring with aluminium wires, the marking shall so state. Compliance is checked by visual inspection. Foreword III 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General requirements 5 General conditions for the tests 6 Classification 7 Marking and instructions 8 Protection against access to live parts 9 Starting of motor-operated appliances 10 Power input and current 11 Heating 12 Void 13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature 14 Transient overvoltages 15 Moisture resistance 16 Leakage current and electric strength 17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits 18 Endurance 19 Abnormal operation 20 Stability and mechanical hazards 21 Mechanical strength 22 Construction 23 Internal wiring 24 Components 25 Supply connection and external flexible cords 26 Terminals for external conductors 27 Provision for earthing 28 Screws and connections 29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation 30 Resistance to heat and fire 31 Resistance to rusting 32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards Annex D (Normative) Alternative requirements for protected motors Annex I (Normative) Motors having basic insulation that is inadequate for the rated voltage of the appliance Annex AA (Informative) Examples for operating temperatures of the appliance Annex BB (Normative) Selected information about refrigerants Annex CC (Informative) Transportation, marking and storage for units that employ flammable refrigerants Annex DD (Normative) Service operations Annex EE (Normative) Pressure tests Annex FF (Normative) Leak simulation tests Annex GG (Normative) Charge limits, ventilation requirements and requirements for secondary circuits Bibliography 家用和类似用途电器的安全 热泵、空调器和除湿机的特殊要求 1范围 GB 4706.1—2005的该章用下述内容代替： GB 4706的本部分规定了家用和类似用途热泵、空调器和除湿机的安全。 本部分适用于单相器具额定电压不超过250 V，其他器具的额定电压不超过600 V，装有电动机-压缩机和房间风机盘管的热泵(含生活用热水热泵)、空调器和除湿机。 不作为一般家用，但对公众仍存在危险的器具，例如在商店、轻工业和农场中由非专业人员使用的器具也属于本部分的范围。 本部分也适用于使用可燃制冷剂的热泵、空调器和除湿机。3.121给出了可燃制冷剂的定义。 上述器具可能由一个工厂或多个工厂生产的组件组成。如果提供的是多组件，而且这些单独的组件要一起使用，那么本标准的技术要求应以装配在一起的组件使用为基础。 注1：在GB 4706.17中给出了“电动机-压缩机”的定义，其是指全封闭电动机-压缩机或半封闭电动机-压缩机。 注2：在ISO 5149中给出了制冷剂的安全要求，另外，在GB 4706.3.2中给出了生活用热水热泵中用于储存热水的容器要求。 本部分不考虑A1、3.121定义的A2或A3类以外的化学物质。 注3：本部分规定了使用可燃制冷剂的特殊要求。除非本部分有特殊要求(包含附录)，制冷剂的安全要求见ISO 5149。 ISO 5149：1993中的下列条款与本部分相关： ——第3章，适用于所有器具和系统的设备的设计和结构。 ——第4章，对“类似用途”(如商业及轻工业)器具和系统的使用要求。 ——第5章，对“类似用途”(如商业及轻工业)器具和系统的运行程序(操作规程)。 辅助加热器(仅指加热器设计为器具总成的一部分，控制器装在器具内)，或其独立安装的其他装置都在本部分的范围内。 注4；必须注意下述情况： ——对于准备在车、船或航空器上使用的器具，可能需要附加的要求； ——对于承受压力的器具，可能需要附加要求； ——负责劳动保障的国家卫生局和负责仓储、运输、建筑结构和安装的国家机构等规定的附加要求。 注5：本部分不适用于： ——符合IEC 60335-2-88规定的带加热和冷却设备的加湿器； ——专门为工业加工而设计的器具； ——准备用于某些特殊条件下的器具，例如，存在有腐蚀或爆炸性气体(尘埃，蒸汽或煤气)的地方。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 2423.18—2000电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验 试验Kb：盐雾，交变(氯化钠溶液)(idt IEC 60068-2-52：1996) GB 4706.17—2010家用和类似用途电器的安全 电动机-压缩机的特殊要求(IEC 60335-2-34：2009，IDT) GB 4208—2008外壳防护等级(IP代码)(IEC 60529：2001，IDT) GB/T 16842—2008外壳对人和设备的防护 检验用试具(IEC 61032：1997，IDT) GB 19212.1—2008电力变压器、电源、电抗器和类似产品的安全 第1部分：通用要求和试验(IEC 61558-1：2005，IDT) IEC 60079-14：1996爆炸性气体环境用电气设备 第14部分：危险场所电气安装(煤矿除外)(Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres—Part 14：electrical installations in hazardous areas(other than mines)) IEC 60079-15：2001爆炸性气体环境用电气设备 第15部分：“n”型电气设备(Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres—Part 15：type of protection “n”) IEC 60127(所有部分)小型熔断器(IEC 60127 Miniature fuses(all parts)) ISO 817：1974有机制冷剂的数字命名(Organic refrigerants-number designation) ISO 3864：1984安全颜色和安全标志(Safety colours and safety signs) ISO 5149：1993制冷和加热用机械制冷系统(Mechanical refrigerating systems used for cooling and heating—Safety requirements) ISO 7000用于仪器的图形标志 索引和摘要(Graphical symbols for use on equipment—Index synopsis) ANSI/ASHRAE 34：2001制冷剂数字名称和安全分类(Designation and safety classification of refrigerants) 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 GB 4706.1—2005的该章除下述内容外，均适用： 3.1.4增加： 注101：如果器具由一些电气附件组成(包括风扇)，则其额定输入功率要以器具在相应的环境条件下连续工作，且所有的附件通电时的最大总输入电功率为依据。如果热泵既可在制热下工作，也可在制冷下工作，则额定输入功率要以制热或制冷模式的输入功率为依据，取其较大者。 3.1.9代替； 正常工作normal operation 器具按正常使用安装，并在制造厂规定的最严酷工作条件下运行的状态。 3.101 热泵heatpump 在一定温度下吸收热量，并在较高温度下释放热量的器具。 注：在提供热量运行时(例如，空间供暖或加热水)，称为制热模式；在除去热量运行时(例如，空间降温)，称为制冷模式。 3.102 生活用热水热泵sanitary hot water heat pump 用于向生活用水传递热量的热泵。 3.103 空调器air conditioner 设计作为一种器具向密闭空间、房间或区域提供经过处理空气的带外壳的组件或组件系统。它包括制冷和可能的除湿用的电动制冷系统。它也可以包括制热、空气循环、净化和加湿装置。 3.104 除湿机dehumidifier 从周围环境中除去水分的带外壳的组件。包括电动制冷系统和空气循环装置。同样也包括排水装置用以收集和储存和/或处理冷凝水。 3.105 舒适性除湿dehumidification-comfort 降低空间湿度以满足使用者要求的除湿。 3.106 工艺性除湿dehumidification-process 降低空间湿度至对于加工、储存货物或材料或可使建筑物干燥到必要水平的除湿。 3.107 热回收型除湿dehumidification-heat recovery 将空间的潜热和显热与压缩机的热量一并加以利用，而不作为余热排放到外部的除湿方式。 3.108 湿球温度wet-bulb temperature；WB 置于湿纱布中的感温元件达到恒温状态(蒸发平衡)时的温度示值。 3.109 干球温度dry-bulb temperature；DB 不受辐射影响的温度敏感元件干态下所显示的温度。 3.110 蒸发器evaporator 液态制冷剂通过其吸收热量而蒸发的热交换器。 3.111 热交换器heat exchanger 用于在两部分物理性隔开的流体间传递热量的装置。 3.112 室内热交换器indoor heat exchanger 将热量传递到建筑物的室内部分或室内热水源(例如，生活用水)或带走此处的热量的热交换器。 3.113 室外热交换器 outdoor heat exchanger 从热源处(例如，地下水、室外空气、废气、废水或盐水)带走或释放热量的热交换器。 3.114 辅助加热器supplementary heater 作为器具的一部分而提供的电加热器。它通过与制冷回路一起运行或代替制冷回路运行来补充或代替器具制冷回路的输出。 3.115 压力限制装置pressure-limiting device 通过停止加压元件的工作来对预定压力自动响应的机构。 3.116 压力释放装置pressure-relief device 压力安全保护阀或自动释放过高压力的易破裂的薄弱件。 3.117 整装单元self-contained unit 置于框架或外壳中的整机，可以单个或多个部分进行制造和运输，除截止阀件和相关部件之外，没有需要在现场连接的制冷部件。 注1：由单个框架或外壳构成的整装单元称为整体式单元。 注2：由多个框架或外壳构成的整装单元称为分体式单元。 3.118 公众易接近的器具appliances accessible to the general public 放置在居民住宅或商业建筑物内的器具。 3.119 公众不易接近的器具appliances not accessible to the general public 由有资格的服务人员维护，并置于机房内和类似场所，或置于2.5m以上的高处，或装在安全房顶区域的器具。 3.120 风机盘管/空气处理组件fan coil/air handling unit 具备强制空气循环、加热、冷却、除湿和过滤功能中的一种或多种功能，但不包括冷却或加热源的工厂生产的组件。 注：该装置通常设计用于同一房间内空气的自由吸入和排出，但也可以与管道一起工作。该装置可以设计成在使用空间中作为辅助装置或装入外壳中。 3.121 可燃制冷剂flammable refrigerant 按照ANSI/ASHRAE 34：200I[ISO 817]的分类，等级为A2或A3的制冷剂。 3.122 制冷系统refrigerating system 相互联接组成一个闭合制冷回路的制冷部件的组合，在该回路中通过改变制冷剂的相态在低温侧吸收热量，在高温侧释放热量。 3.123 最高允许压力maximum allowable pressure 制冷系统运行压力的限值，一般是指由制造厂规定的，设备所能承受的最高设计压力。 注：不管设备是否工作，最高允许压力规定了运行压力的限值，见第21章。 3.124 低压侧low-pressure side 制冷系统中，在蒸发压力下运行的部分。 3.125 高压侧high-pressure side 制冷系统中，在冷凝压力下运行的部分。 3.126 维修端口service port 为进行充注或维修系统而在制冷系统中能够对制冷剂进行操作的装置，典型的有阀门、延长管或定位入口。 4总体要求 GB 4706.1—2005的该章适用。 5试验的一般条件 GB 4706.1—2005的该章除下述内容外均适用： 5.2增加： 第21章的试验可以在单独样机上进行。第11、19和第21章试验中应要求在制冷系统中的不同点进行压力测量。 如选择进行附录FF(模拟泄漏试验)中的试验，至少需要一台附加的特别制备的样机。 进行第11章试验时，应测量制冷管路的温度。 注101：由于第21章、附录EE、附录FF中的试验本身存在潜在的危险因素，在试验过程中应采取专门的预防措施。 5.6增加： 用来调节所处理空间温度或湿度的控制器，在试验过程中都应处于不动作状态。 5.7代替： 第10章和第11章的试验和试验条件要在制造厂规定的工作温度范围内以最严酷的工作条件来进行。附录AA提供了该种温度条件的示例。 5.10增加： 对于分体式器具，制冷管路应按照安装说明书进行安装。制冷管路的安装长度应是安装说明书中所述的最大长度或是7.5 m，二者中取其较短者。制冷管路的热绝缘应按照安装说明书的要求来施加。 5.101 电动机-压缩机应进行GB 4706.17—2010中第19章的试验。除非该电动机-压缩机已符合标准GB 4706.17，则不必重复这些试验。 5.102 如果电动机_压缩机进行过试验并符合GB 4706.17，则不需要进行第21章相关试验。 6分类 GB 4706.1—2005的该章除下述内容外均适用： 6.1修改： 器具应为I类、Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类器具。 6.2增加： 器具应按照GB 4208—2008的防水等级来分类。 ——在室外使用的器具或器具的某一部分应至少为IPX4； ——仅在室内使用的器具(不包括洗衣间)可以是IPX0； ——用在洗衣间内的器具应至少为IPX1。 6.101器具应按照其易接近性分为公众易接近的器具或公众不易接近的器具。 通过视检和相关试验判定其是否合格。 7标志和说明 GB 4706.1—2005的该章除下述内容外均适用： 7.1修改： 用下述内容代替第二短横： ——电源性质符号(包括相数)，单相运行的除外。 增加： ——额定频率； ——制冷剂的充注量，或混合制冷剂中除了共沸制冷剂外的各种制冷剂的充注量； ——制冷剂的识别： 对于单一制冷剂，标出下述其一： ·化学分子式； ·制冷剂编号。 对于混合制冷剂，标出下述其一： ·每种成分的化学名称； ·每种成分的化学分子式； ·每种成分的制冷剂编号； ·混合制冷剂的制冷剂编号。 ——储水箱的工作允许过压(对于生活用热水热泵)； ——水冷风机盘管/空气处理组件中热交换器的最大工作压力； ——对于制冷回路，如果吸气侧和排气侧的允许工作过压不同.则要求单独标示； ——按照防水等级标识的IP代码，IPX0除外。 器具应标示使用的辅助电加热器的所有名称和额定输入功率，并应有对现场安装的实际加热器的识别措施。 除非从设计上已经显而易见，否则，器具的外壳应使用文字或符号来标示流体流动方向。 当使用可燃制冷剂时，下列情况中7.6中的防火标志和使用说明书标志应明显地标示： ——用于维护或维修的接入部件； ——准备销售或安装的器具； ——充注了制冷剂的器具的包装。 如果使用可燃制冷剂，应在器具上显著部位标示提示阅读使用说明、维修说明和安装说明的标志(ISO 7000中的标志3084、3038和1785)，以便于人们了解相关的信息。标志的垂直高度应不小于10mm。 增加的警告标志(防火标志：GB 2894—2008中的2-2)应在器具铭牌上靠近制冷剂说明和充注量处标明。标志的垂直高度应不小于10 mm，不需着色。 注101：安装过程中，移开可拆卸部件后标志应可见。 使用可燃制冷剂时，应使用以下警告： 警告： 器具的安装、运行、储存的房间面积应大于“×”m2(仅适用于非固定式器具)。 对于非固定式器具，在器具上应注明最小的房间面积×，标志中×的大小应根据附录GG中GG.2所描述的不通风区域的程序确定，如果器具的制冷剂充注量小于m1，则标志中×应是4(见附录GG中的GG.1)。 低压侧和高压侧的最大允许压力应在产品上进行标示。 注102：对于制冷系统，如果低压侧和高压侧的最大允许压力相同，则允许只标注一个。 如果器具有易触及却不可见的维修端口或可见维修端口，则需要在端口处进行标识以识别制冷剂的种类。如果制冷剂是可燃的，应该包含ISO 3864：1984中的符号B.3.2，但不用规定颜色。 7.6增加： 当使用可燃制冷剂时，要按照GB 2894—2008中的2-2警示符号的颜色和样式在器具上进行永久性的标示。带有“警告，易燃危险”的三角标志的垂直高度至少为30 mm。 当使用可燃制冷剂时，参考使用说明书的警示符号(GB 2894—2008中的2-2)的颜色和样式在器具上进行永久性可靠的标示。 7.12增加： 对于公众不易接近的器具，应包括按照6.101来分类的内容。 对于使用可燃制冷剂的器具，应以分别或组合成册的方式提供安装说明书、维修说明书和使用说明书，并包括附录DD中的相关信息。 7.12.1增加： 说明书应包括以下内容： ——器具应按照国家布线规范进行安装； ——正确安装器具所必需的空间尺寸，其中包括与相邻结构允许的最小距离； ——对于带有辅助加热器的器具，器具与可燃表面间的最小间隙； ——能清楚地表示与外部控制装置接线的器具布线图； ——器具在试验处的外部静压范围(仅对辅助热泵以及带有辅助加热器的器具)； ——器具与电源的连接方法及各独立元件的互连方法； ——指出器具上有适于户外使用的部件； ——熔断丝的型号和额定值； ——可以与器具一起使用的辅助加热元件的详细资料，其中包括器具或辅助加热器的装配说明； ——水或盐水的最高和最低工作温度； ——水或盐水的最高和最低工作压力。 对于加热水用热泵的开启式储水箱应带有说明书，说明书应声明不得堵塞通气孔。 7.15增加： 如果面板在安装或维护时能够拆下，但只要器具工作时仍在其位，则标志可以置于面板上。 7.101应对于作为产品或遥控控制器组件一部分的可更换熔断丝或可更换的过载保护装置进行标示。当隔室的门或盖打开时标志应能看得见。 ——该标志应规定熔断丝的额定电流(以A为单位)、型号和额定电压；或 ——该标志应规定可更换过载保护装置的制造厂名和型号。 7.102如果产品准备用铝线永久地连接到固定布线上，则应标明。 通过视检判定其是否合格。 8对触及带电部件的防护 GB 4706.1—2005的该章适用。 9电动器具的启动 GB 4706.1—2005的该章不适用。 10输入功率和电流 GB 4706.1—2005的该章适用。 11发热 GB 4706.1—2005的该章用下述内容代替： 11.1在正常使用时器具及其周围环境不应达到过高的温度。 在11.2～11.7规定的试验条件下，通过测定各种部件和周围的环境温度来确定其是否合格。然而，如果电动机绕组的温度超过表3的规定值，或对电动机的绝缘等级分类产生怀疑，则要通过附录C的试验来确定其是否合格。 11.2器具要按照制造厂的安装说明书安装在试验间内，特别是： ——应保持制造厂规定的与相邻表面的最小间隙； ——流体输送设备的流量应为制造商说明书中规定的最小值，除非制造商说明书中规定风机盘管的流量和流体温度应按最大值； ——连接到器具上的排风道应承受制造厂说明书规定的最大静压； ——对于带有流量调整装置的器具，试验中的流量应是可能达到的最小值； ——可调限值的控制器在试验期间要通过控制器调节装置设定到所允许的最大断路整定值和最小差分值。 对于带有辅助加热器的器具.要使用11.9中规定的试验箱。 11.2.1在制热试验中，对于带有辅助加热器的器具，进气管要连接到器具的回流空气口处(假如器具打算这样使用)。如果提供有法兰盘，则管子的尺寸应与法兰盘的尺寸一样。如果没有法兰盘，则管子的尺寸应与进气口尺寸一致。 进气管要带有一个可减少空气流量的可调限流装置。 限流在进气管的横截面上应是一致的，以便整个的加热盘管表面都会暴露到气流中。但是，限流装置关闭的情况例外。 11.2.2没有辅助加热装置的器具要安装一个排气管，其尺寸与壳体法兰盘或没有法兰盘的开口适配，或与标示用作法兰盘的位置适配，并且排放位置要远离进气管. 含有或带有辅助加热装置现场安装措施的器具要装配一个符合图101a)或图101b)的金属的强制通风系统和排气管。 排气管要带有一个限制装置以获得制造厂说明书给定的最大静压。 11.3除绕组外，其他部件的温度要用细线热电偶来测定，选择热电偶和放置的位置应使它们对所测部件的温度影响最小。 注：细丝热电偶是指线径不超过0.3 mm的热电偶。 用于测量墙壁，天花板和地板表面温度的热电偶要埋入这些表面内或附到直径15 mm，厚为1 mm的铜制或黄铜制涂黑小圆盘的背面，该小圆盘与表面平齐。 应尽可能使器具的放置使得可能达到最高温度的部件接触小圆盘。 在测量手柄、把手和抓手等的温度时，要考虑在正常使用时要抓握的所有部件及与热金属接触且由绝缘材料制造的部件。 除绕组外，电气绝缘的温度要在绝缘材料的表面测量，测量之处选在失效可导致短路，带电部件与易触及金属部件接触，绝缘导通或使爬电距离和电气间隙减少到29.1的规定值以下的地方。 绕组的温度要通过电阻法来测量，除非绕组是非均匀性的，或为实现必要的连接而非常复杂，在这种情况下，可使用热电偶来测量温度。 管中的温度通过一个热电偶格栅来测量，它由9个长度相同且平行构成格栅的热电偶组成，并将每个热电偶分别置于与气流轴线垂直平面内的9块相同导管截面的中心处。 11.4器具要在电源电压最低为0.94倍额定电压和最高为1.06倍额定电压之间的任一电压下工作，所选定的电压是给出最不利结果的电源电压。发热元件要在产生1.15倍最大额定输入功率时所对应的电压下工作。 11.5如果器具既能以制冷方式工作也能以制热方式工作，则试验分别在每一种方式下进行。 对于带有辅助加热器或辅助加热器措施的器具，要进行一项使所有的发热元件都处于工作状态的附加试验，如果有必要，可短路温控器或使空气温度降至某一数值而使所有的元件接通。 11.6对于带有化霜装置的器具，要在最不利条件下进行化霜试验。 11.7除化霜试验外，所有的器具都应连续工作直至达到稳定状态。 11.8在试验期间，温度要连续监控并且不能超过表3所示值，保护装置不应动作，并且密封剂不应流出。 排气管中空气的温度不应超过90℃。 注：铜绕组的温度值可由下述公式算出： 式中： T——铜绕组在试验结束时的温度； R1——试验开始时的电阻； R2——试验结束时的电阻； T1——试验开始时的环境温度； k——对于铜绕组，该值为234.5，对于铝绕组，该值为225。 在试验开始时，绕组应处于环境温度。 在试验结束时绕组的电阻，推荐在断电后迅速测量电阻，并在短时间间隔内完成多次测量，以便绘制出电阻-时间曲线来确定瞬时电阻。 |
联系我们
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
微信联系客服
|
| 关于我们 | 联系我们 | 收费付款 |
| 服务热线：400-001-5431 | 电话：010-8572 5110 | 传真：010-8581 9515 | Email: bz@bzfyw.com | |
版权所有： 北京悦尔信息技术有限公司 2008-2020 京ICP备17065875号-1
51La
|
| 本页关键词： |
| GB 4706.32-2012, GB/T 4706.32-2012, GBT 4706.32-2012, GB4706.32-2012, GB 4706.32, GB4706.32, GB/T4706.32-2012, GB/T 4706.32, GB/T4706.32, GBT4706.32-2012, GBT 4706.32, GBT4706.32 |