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According to the requirements of Notice on printing and distributing the development and revision plan on engineering construction standards and codes in 2013 (JIANBIAO [2013] No.6) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, the drafting group has formulated this standard through extensive investigation and study, careful summing up of experience from practices, and reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and on the basis of widely soliciting for opinions.
The main technical contents of this standard are: 1. General requirements; 2 Terms; 3 Basic requirements; 4. General conditions; 5 Equipment and materials; 6 Design; 7 Structure design; 8 Power generation system design; 9 Construction; 10 Environmental protection; 11 Labor safety and occupational health; 12 Firefighting; 13. Acceptance; 14 Operation and maintenance.
This standard is under the administration of MOHURD, with the interpretation of its specific technical contents in the charge of China Electricity Council. During the process of implementing this standard, the relevant comments and recommendations, whenever necessary, can be fed back to China Electricity Council (No.1, 2nd Lane, Baiguang Road, Beijing, 100761, China).
Technical standard for photovoltaic system on building
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is formulated to promote the energy saving and emission reduction of building, popularize the application of photovoltaic system in building, and standardize the design, construction, acceptance, operation and maintenance of building mounted PV system.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design, construction, acceptance, operation and maintenance of the constructed, extended and renovated building mounted PV system.
1.0.3 In addition to this standard, the design, construction, acceptance, operation and maintenance of building mounted PV system shall also meet the requirements of the relevant current national standards.
2 Terms
2.0.1 building mounted photovoltaic (PV) system
power generation system that is mounted on a building and directly converts solar radiation energy into electric energy by utilizing photovoltaic effect of solar cells
2.0.2 photovoltaic (PV) module
minimum indivisible photovoltaic cell assembly which is equipped with package and internal connection and can independently provide DC output
2.0.3 photovoltaic module component
PV module with building component function
2.0.4 combiner box
device accessed for confluence after several PV modules are connected in series and parallel in a photovoltaic system
2.0.5 grid-connected inverter
equipment that converts direct current from photovoltaic array or PV module into alternating current meeting the requirements of the power grid and feeds it into the power grid
2.0.6 building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV)
photovoltaic equipment, which is applied on a building as building material or component
2.0.7 building attached photovoltaic (BAPV)
photovoltaic equipment, which is mounted on an existing building in a form other than building material or component
2.0.8 stand-alone photovoltaic system
photovoltaic system that is not connected to public power grid, also known as off-grid photovoltaic system
3 Basic requirements
3.0.1 The power generation scale and form of building mounted PV system shall be determined in combination with factors such as solar energy resources, building conditions, mounting and transportation conditions and load characteristics, and shall meet the requirements of safety, reliability, economic applicability, environmental protection and aesthetics as well as convenience for mounting and maintenance.
3.0.2 The construction of building mounted PV system shall be coordinated with the overall planning and power planning of the local region.
3.0.3 For the design of building mounted PV system, the local solar radiation resources and the influence of the surrounding environment on solar radiation and system operation shall be analyzed.
3.0.4 BIPV and BAPV may be adopted as the building mounted PV system. The construction conditions for building mounted PV system should be reserved during building design.
3.0.5 The PV system mounted on the constructed building shall be designed, constructed and accepted synchronously with the main building.
3.0.6 The building mounted PV system shall be considered in the load calculation of main structure and enclosure structure of the building.
3.0.7 The structural safety, durability and electrical safety of the existing building with building mounted PV system attached shall be rechecked.
4 General conditions
4.0.1 Before the design of the building mounted PV system, the following environmental information of the region where the construction project is located shall be obtained:
1 solar energy resource data and resource analysis report;
2 seismic fortification requirements of the region where the construction project is located;
3 basic wind pressure and basic snow pressure of the region where the construction project is located;
4 corrosion of salt spray and acid rain of the region where the construction project is located;
5 the average annual number of sandstorms, lightning strikes on buildings, air pollution and visibility in the past 10 years;
6 control requirements of surrounding building users for noise and light pollution.
4.0.2 Before the design of the access of building mounted PV system to the power grid, the following information should be obtained:
1 the installed capacity, generating capacity, annual utilization hours, operation time and operation cycle of building mounted PV system;
2 the voltage grade, main transformer capacity, main transformer reserved capacity, reserved outgoing line spacing and extension conditions for access to power grid;
3 the laying method, type, length and path of cable;
4 the type and access capacity of other power supplies at access point;
5 types of electrical loads such as industrial electricity consumption, commercial electricity consumption and residential electricity consumption;
6 electrical loads of the building and the region;
7 quality requirements for electric energy in electrical load area;
8 remote dispatching requirements;
9 measurement points and methods of on-grid/off-grid energy;
10 consumption methods.
4.0.3 Before the design of the building mounted PV system, the following building information should be obtained:
1 building scale and main functions;
2 building types such as industrial buildings and civil buildings;
3 the number of floors and height of the building, and the control requirements for building height;
4 building line requirements;
5 building modeling and appearance design requirements;
6 design service life of the building;
7 thermal performance requirements of climate zoning for the building enclosure;
8 building roof waterproofing grade and basic construction;
9 requirements for various building physical performance indexes, in-plane deformation performance and seismic requirements of the building enclosure;
10 the fire resistance rating of building and the combustion performance and fire endurance of corresponding components of buildings with different fire resistance ratings;
11 structure type and standard load value of building.
5 Equipment and materials
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The equipment and materials of building mounted PV system shall meet the building safety requirements, and shall meet the building functional requirements when used as building materials or components.
5.1.2 The selection of equipment and materials for building mounted PV system shall be coordinated with the building appearance and use function.
5.1.3 Corresponding module types, structural schemes and structural measures shall be adopted for the building design of building mounted PV system according to functional requirements.
5.1.4 The photovoltaic equipment and module components of the building shall meet the requirements for strength, rigidity and stability during transportation, mounting and use.
5.2 PV module
5.2.1 The following types of PV modules for buildings may be selected according to different classification modes:
1 general PV modules and photovoltaic module components may be selected according to the combination with buildings;
2 crystalline silicon PV modules, thin-film PV modules and other types may be selected according to the type of PV cell.
5.2.2 The crystalline silicon PV modules shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB/T 9535 Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules-design qualification and type approval, and the thin-film PV modules shall meet those of the current national standard GB/T 18911 Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval.
5.2.3 The safety performance of PV modules shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB/T 20047.1 Photovoltaic (PV)module safety qualification - Part 1: Requirements for construction.
5.2.4 The application of laminated photovoltaic glass to the building mounted PV system shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB/T 29551 Laminated solar PV glazing materials in building, and the application of insulating photovoltaic glass shall meet those of the current national standard GB/T 29759 Sealed insulating solar PV glass unit in building.
5.2.5 The quality of photovoltaic module component when used as the glass curtain wall of building shall meet the relevant requirements of the current professional standard JGJ 102 Technical code for glass curtain wall engineering.
5.2.6 The color uniformity of the exterior photovoltaic module component of building shall meet the relevant requirements of the current professional standard JG/T 492 General specification of photovoltaic components for building.
5.2.7 The building mounted PV system shall meet the requirements of local special environmental conditions such as dry heat, humid heat, high altitude, coastal area, desert, strong wind and heavy snowfall.
5.2.8 The polysilicon, monocrystalline silicon and thin-film cell module shall have an attenuation rate of not higher than 2.5%, 3%, and 5% respectively within one year after the project is put into operation; thereafter, the annual attenuation rate shall not exceed 0.7%.
5.2.9 The service life of PV modules used for photovoltaic skylight, transparent photovoltaic curtain wall, non-transparent photovoltaic curtain wall, photovoltaic window, photovoltaic sunshade, etc. shall not be less than that of the building enclosure, and shall meet the relevant requirements of the current professional standard JG/T 492 General specification of photovoltaic components for building.
5.2.10 The fire protection rating of PV modules shall not be lower than the material fire protection rating required for the building.
5.3 Materials
5.3.1 The aluminum alloy and steel for the building mounted PV system shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standards.
5.3.2 The silicone sealant and sealing materials for the building mounted PV system shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standards.
5.3.3 Other materials for the building mounted PV system shall meet the following requirements:
1 Insulating spacers shall be arranged or other anti-corrosion measures be taken at the contact parts of different metal materials (other than stainless steel) used in the system.
2 Connecting pieces, fasteners and combined fittings for the building mounted PV system should be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
Foreword i
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic requirements
4 General conditions
5 Equipment and materials
5.1 General requirements
5.2 PV module
5.3 Materials
5.4 Cable
5.5 Cable bridge and cable protection tube
5.6 Combiner box
5.7 AC/DC power distribution cabinet
5.8 Inverter
5.9 Energy storage system
5.10 Lightning protection and grounding
6 Design
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Building design
6.3 Design of PV module
6.4 Construction requirements
7 Structure design
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Parameter of design
7.3 Load and action
7.4 Structure design of photovoltaic module component
7.5 Supporting structure design
7.6 Connection structure design
8 Photovoltaic system design
8.1 General requirements
8.2 Classification of photovoltaic systems
8.3 Interconnected system
8.4 Primary photovoltaic system
8.5 Photovoltaic array
8.6 Transformer and power distribution device
8.7 Self power supply system
8.8 Reactive power compensation device
8.9 Secondary electrical system
8.10 Protection against effects of overvoltage and grounding faults
8.11 Cable laying
8.12 Energy storage system
8.13 Calculation of generating capacity
9 Construction
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Civil works
9.3 Electrical installation
9.4 System debugging
10 Environmental protection
10.1 General requirements
10.2 Protection against environment pollution
11 Labor safety and occupational health
11.1 General requirements
11.2 General layout of project
11.3 Labor safety and occupational health measures
12 Firefighting
12.1 General requirements
12.2 Fire prevention and evacuation
12.3 Fire control facility
13 Acceptance
14 Operation and maintenance
14.1 General requirements
14.2 Photovoltaic array
14.3 Wires and cables
14.4 Electrical equipment
14.5 Energy storage system
14.6 Lightning protection and grounding
Annex A Test items for PV modules/array inspection
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
