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This document is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for Standardization — Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This document is Part 2 of GB/T 1040 Plastics — Determination of Tensile Properties, which consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: General;
— Part 2: Test Conditions for Moulding and Extrusion Plastics;
— Part 3: Test Conditions for Films and Sheets;
— Part 4: Test Conditions for Isotropic and Orthotropic Fibre-reinforced Plastic Composites;
— Part 5: Test Conditions for Unidirectional Fibre-reinforced Plastic Composites;
This document replaces GB/T 1040.2-2006 Plastics — Determination of Tensile Properties — Part 2: Test Conditions for Moulding and Extrusion Plastics in whole. In addition to a number of structural adjustments and editorial changes, the following technical deviations have been made with respect to GB/T 1040.2-2006:
— the gauge length of 75 mm of test specimen is added (see 5.2);
— the requirements for extensometer precision when measuring modulus with different gauge lengths are added (see 5.2);
— the precision data between laboratories in China is added (see B.3).
This document has been redrafted and modified adoption of International Standard ISO 527-2:2012 Plastics — Determination of Tensile Properties — Part 2: Test Conditions for Moulding and Extrusion Plastics.
The technical deviations between this standard and the International Standard ISO 527-2:2012, together with their justifications, are given below:
— The adjustments on technical deviations have been made for the normative references of this document to adapt to the technical conditions in China, which are mainly reflected in Clause 2 "Normative References”, with the following specific content:
ISO 527-1:2012 is replaced by GB/T 1040.1-2018, which is identical to the international standard;
ISO 295 is replaced by GB/T 5471, which is identical to the international standard;
ISO 293 is replaced by GB/T 9352, which is identical to the international standard;
ISO 294-1 is replaced by GB/T 17037.1, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
ISO 20753 is replaced by GB/T 37426, which is modified in relation to the international standard;
ISO 2818 is replaced by GB/T 39812, which is identical to the international standard.
— the requirements for extensometer precision when measuring modulus with different gauge lengths are added, which are consistent with ISO 527-1:2011 (see 5.2);
— the precision data between laboratories in China is added as part of B.3 to apply to the actual situation in China.
For the purposes of this document, the following editorial changes have also been made:
— The precision data given in Tables B.1 to B.4 of Annex B of ISO 527-2:2012 have been adjusted to Tables B.6 to B.9.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee 15 on Plastics of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 15).
This document was firstly issued in 1979, firstly revised in 1992, secondly revised in 2006, and this is the third revision.
Introduction
GB/T 1040 specifies a method for determining the tensile properties of plastics and composites. As the basic method for plastics testing, the preparation and revision of these standards not only comply with the actual conditions in China, but also is conducive to promoting the benign development of the industry. GB/T 1040 consisted of the following parts:
— Part 1: General Principles (this document specifies the general principles for determining the tensile properties of plastics and plastic composites under defined conditions, and specifies several different types of test specimen are defined to suit different types of material);
— Part 2: Test Conditions for Moulding and Extrusion Plastics (this document specifies the test conditions for determining the tensile properties of moulding and extrusion plastics, based upon the general principles given in GB/T 1040.1);
— Part 3: Test Conditions for Films and Sheets (this document specifies the conditions for determining the tensile properties of plastic films or sheets less than 1 mm thick, based upon the general principles given in GB/T 1040.1);
— Part 4: Test Conditions for Isotropic and Orthotropic Fibre-reinforced Plastic Composites (this document specifies the test conditions for the determination of the tensile properties of isotropic and orthotropic fibre-reinforced plastic composites, based upon the general principles given in GB/T 1040.1);
— Part 5: Test Conditions for Unidirectional Fibre-reinforced Plastic Composites (this document specifies the test conditions for the determination of the tensile properties of unidirectional fibre-reinforced plastic composites, based upon the general principles given in GB/T 1040.1).
GB/T 1040.1 has been revised in 2018, and the corresponding terms and definitions have been significantly changed. GB/T 1040.2-2006 no longer matches GB/T 1040.1. GB/T 1040.2-2006 was revised for the overall coordination of the basic national standard system.
Plastics — Determination of Tensile Properties — Part 2: Test Conditions for Moulding and Extrusion Plastics
1 Scope
This document specifies the test conditions for determining the tensile properties of moulding and extrusion plastics, based upon the general principles given in GB/T 1040.1
This document is applicable to the following range of materials:
— rigid and semi-rigid thermoplastics moulding, extrusion and cast materials, including compounds filled and reinforced by, for example, short fibres, small rods, plates or granules but excluding textile fibres (see GB/T 1040.4 and GB/T 1040.5). See GB/T 1040.1-2018, Clause 3 for the definition of “rigid” and “semi-rigid”.
— rigid and semi-rigid thermosetting moulding and cast materials, including filled and reinforced compounds but excluding textile fibres as reinforcement (see GB/T 1040.4 and GB/T 1040.5);
— thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
This document is not applicable to rigid cellular materials or sandwich structures containing cellular material. For rigid cellular materials see GB/T 9641.
This document is not applicable to flexible films and sheets, of thickness smaller than 1 mm, see GB/T 1040.3.
This document is applied using specimens which may be either moulded to the chosen dimensions or machined, cut or punched from injection- or compression-moulded plates. The multipurpose test specimen is preferred (see GB/T 37426).
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1040.1-2018 Plastics — Determination of Tensile Properties — Part 1: General Principles (ISO 527-1:2012, IDT)
GB/T 5471 Plastics — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermosetting Materials (ISO 295:2004, IDT)
GB/T 9352 Plastics — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials (ISO 293: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 17037.1 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 1: General Principles, and Moulding of Multipurpose and Bar Test Specimens (GB/T 17037.1-2019, ISO 294-1:2017, MOD)
GB/T 37426 Plastics — Test Specimens (GB/T 37426-2019, ISO 20753:2018, MOD)
GB/T 39812 Plastics — Preparation of Test Specimens by Machining (GB/T 39812-2021, ISO 2818:2018, IDT)
ISO 10724-1 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermosetting Powder Moulding Compounds (PMCs) — Part 1: General Principles and Moulding of Multipurpose Test Specimens
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 1040.1-2018 apply.
4 Principle and Methods
For the purposes of this document, the principle and methods described in GB/T 1040.1-2018 apply.
5 Apparatus
5.1 General
See GB/T 1040.1-2018, Clause 5, specifically 5.1.1 to 5.1.4.
5.2 Extensometer
A gauge length of 75 mm is preferred when a multipurpose test specimen is used.
A gauge length of 50 mm is also acceptable for quality-control purposes or where specified.
If strains are recorded only on one side of the test specimen, ensure that low strains are not falsified by bending, which may result from even faint misalignment and initial warpage of the test specimen and which generates strain differences between opposite surfaces of the test specimen.
Increasing the gauge length leads to higher accuracy, especially for the modulus determination. The absolute accuracy of the measurement of elongation required for a ± 1% accuracy of modulus determination is ± 1.5 µm. This is less severe than the ± 1 µm needed if a gauge length of 50 mm is used. This means that the accuracy of the extensometer is relaxed with 75mm gauge length than 50mm gauge length and below. Furthermore, necking outside of the gauge length will be less frequent.
5.3 Recording of data
See GB/T 1040.1-2018, 5.1.6.
Note: For the determination of the tensile modulus under the conditions v = 1mm/min, L0 = 75mm, L = 115 mm and r = 0.000 5 mm, the recording frequency for the strain signal greater than or equal to 22 s-1 would be appropriate according to GB/T 1040.1-2018, Equation 1. This frequency increases as the gauge length increases. With larger gauge length the absolute elongation measured by the extensometer is larger for the same crosshead displacement, i.e. the recording instrument will see more data points in the same time span.
Foreword II
Introduction IV
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Principle and Methods
5 Apparatus
6 Specimen
7 Conditioning
8 Test procedures
9 Calculation and Expression of Results
10 Precision
11 Test Report
Annex A (Informative) Small Specimens
Annex B (Informative) Precision
Bibliography
