标准编号:	GB 50174-2017
中文名称:	数据中心设计规范
英文名称:	Code for design of electronic information systern room
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
发布机构:	住建部
发布日期:	2017-05-04
实施日期:	2018-1-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB 50174-2008 电子信息系统机房设计规范
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	60000 字
翻译价格(元):	1540.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



According to the requirements of Notice on Issuing the Development and Revision Plan of National Engineering Construction Standards and Codes in 2011 (JIANBIAO [2011] No. 17) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, this code is revised from the former national standard by China Electronics Engineering Design Institute jointly with all the organizations concerned.



In the process of revision, the drafting group modifies, perfects, standardizes and finalizes the code upon review through extensive investigation and study, careful summarization of practical experience, reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and extensive solicitation of opinions.



This code consists of 13 chapters and 1 annex with main technical contents as follows: General Provisions, Terms and Symbols, Rating Classification and Required Features, Site Selection and Equipment Layout, Environmental Requirement, Building and Structure, Air Conditioning, Electrical System, Electromagnetic Shielding, Network and Cabling System, Intelligent System, Water Supply and Drainage, Fire Protection and Safety.



Main revised contents of this code include:



(1) According to the condition that various industries have larger difference for the requirements and scale of data centers at present, the defining range of Grade A data center is added so as to meet the design requirements of different industries.



(2) Design requirements for network system and business recovery data center are added.



(3) Chapter 11 "Monitoring and Safety Protection" is changed to "Intelligent System".



In this code, provisions printed in bold type are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.



The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this code and the explanation of compulsory provisions. China Electronics Engineering Design Institute is responsible for the explanation of the specific technical contents. During the process of implementing this code, If there are any comments or suggestions, please send to the Management Group of China Electronics Engineering Design Institute for Code for Design of Data Centers (address: Linglong Tiandi Building, No.160, West 4th Ring North Road, Haidian District, Beijing; 100142; Fax: 010-88193388-9989) for reference in future revision.

Contents



1 General Provisions 1

2 Terms and Symbols 1

2.1 Terms 1

2.2 Symbols 6

3 Rating Classification and Required Features 7

3.1 Rating Classification 7

3.2 Required Features 7

4 Site Selection and Equipment Layout 8

4.1 Site Selection 8

4.2 Composition 9

4.3 Equipment Layout 10

5 Environmental Requirement 11

5.1 Temperature, Dew Point Temperature and Airborne Particle Concentration 11

5.2 Noise, Electromagnetic Interference, Vibration and Static Electricity 11

6 Building and Structure 11

6.1 General Requirements 11

6.2 People Flow, Goods Flow, Entrances and Exits 12

6.3 Retaining Structure Thermal Design and Energy Saving Measure 13

6.4 Interior Decoration 13

7 Air Conditioning 14

7.1 General Requirements 14

7.2 Thermal Load Calculation 15

7.3 Airflow Management 15

7.4 System Design 16

7.5 Equipment Selection 18

8 Electrical Systems 19

8.1 Power Supply and Distribution 19

8.2 Lighting 21

8.3 Electrostatic Discharge Protection 22

8.4 Lightning Protection and Earthing 23

9 Electromagnetic Shielding 24

9.1 General Requirements 24

9.2 Shielding Structure 25

9.3 Shielding Objects 25

10 Network and Cabling System 26

10.1 Network System 26

10.2 Cabling System 26

11 Intelligent System 28

11.1 General Requirements 29

11.2 Environment and Equipment Monitoring System 29

11.3 Security System 30

11.4 Enterprise Command Center 30

12 Water Supply and Drainage 31

12.1 General Requirements 31

12.2 Piping Layout 31

13 Fire Protection and Safety 31

13.1 General Requirements 31

13.2 Fire Prevention and Evacuation 32

13.3 Fire Protection Facilities 34

13.4 Safety Measures 34

Annex A Technical Requirements for Data Center Ratings 36

Explanation of Wording in This Code 46

List of Quoted Standards 47





Code for Design of Data Centers



1 General Provisions



1.0.1 This code is formulated with view to standardizing the design of data center, ensuring the safe, stable and reliable operation of electronic information system, and achieving technical advancement, economic feasibility, safety and usability as well as energy conservation and environment protection.



1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of newly-built, renovated and extended data centers.



1.0.3 The design of data center shall comply with the principle of keeping short-term construction scale and long-term development plan consistent.



1.0.4 Besides the requirements stipulated in this code, the design of data center shall also comply with those stipulated in the current relevant standards of the nation.



2 Terms and Symbols



2.1 Terms



2.1.1 data center



the building site for providing operating environment for the electronic information equipment placed centrally, which can be one or several building(s) or a part of one building, including computer room, auxiliary area, support area and administrative area, etc.



2.1.2 computer room



the building space mainly used for the installation and operation of data processing equipment and including functional area such as server room, network equipment room, storage room



2.1.3 auxiliary area



the place for the installation, commissioning, maintenance, operation monitoring and management of electronic information equipment and software, including entrance room, test equipment room, enterprise command center, fire protection and security control room, unpacking area, spare parts storeroom, printing room, maintenance room, etc.



2.1.4 support area



the area providing power support and safety guarantee for computer room and auxiliary area, including power transformation and distribution room, diesel generator room, battery room, air-conditioner room, power station room, uninterruptible power system room, fire protection device room, etc.



2.1.5 administrative area



the place for daily administration and customer's management on managed devices, including office, hall, duty room, washroom, dressing room and user's work room



2.1.6 business recovery data center



the place for taking over the operation of production system, making data processing and supporting the operation of critical business functions in case of disaster, including restricted area, regular area and dedicated area



2.1.7 restricted area



the place restricting the accessing of different categories of personnel according to safety needs, including computer room, auxiliary area and support area, etc.



2.1.8 regular area



the place for disaster recovery, routine training and working



2.1.9 dedicated area



the place for using and placing equipment during disaster recovery period



2.1.10 infrastructure



in this code, it refers to the facilities providing operation guarantee for electronic information equipment in data center



2.1.11 electronic information equipment



the equipment performing processing such as acquisition, processing, calculation, storage, transfer and retrieval of electronic information, including server, exchanger, storage equipment, etc.



2.1.12 redundancy



some or all parts of system are repeatedly configured so that, in case of systemic fault, they can interfere in and undertake the operation of faulty part to extend the mean time interval between failures of system



2.1.13 N+X redundancy



besides meeting basic requirement by system, X components, X units, X modules or X paths are added. The fault or maintenance of any of the X components, units, modules or paths will not lead to system outage (X=1~N)



2.1.14 fault tolerant



if there are two or more systems, at least one system operates normally at the same time. The infrastructure configured according to fault tolerant system shall meet the basic requirement for normal operation of electronic information equipment after subjecting to one serious sudden equipment fault or man-made misoperation



2.1.15 electromagnetic interference (EMI)



degradation of device, equipment or system performance induced by electromagnetic disturbance



2.1.16 electromagnetic shielding



a shielding to reduce the penetration of alternating electromagnetic field into a designated area through conducting material.



2.1.17 electromagnetic shielding enclosure



the building space body used exclusively for attenuating and isolating the energy from external or internal electric and magnetic fields



2.1.18 cut-off waveguide vent



the device combining cut-off waveguide and vent, which allows for ventilation and can attenuate electromagnetic wave within a certain frequency range



2.1.19 modular electromagnetic shielding enclosure



electromagnetic shielding enclosure with dismountable structure, which is built with module board of pre-shaped shielding enclosure, structural member, shielding component and the like via assembly on construction site according to design requirements



2.1.20 welded electromagnetic shielding enclosure



electromagnetic shielding enclosure with fixed structure, whose main structure is constructed by site welding



2.1.21 remote power panel (RPP)



equipment for providing distribution arrangement for cabinets arrayed in a rows or divided according to functional area



2.1.22 horizontal distribution area cabinet



horizontal distribution area equipment for providing network service for cabinets arrayed in a rows or divided according to functional area



2.1.23 intelligent cabling management system



a set of complete soft/hardware integration system, which realizes the intelligent management for tracing, recording and reporting cabling system and network equipment connection state by monitoring the connection attribute of electronic distribution equipment port in real time



2.1.24 static state



air conditioning system of computer room is under normal operating state; indoor temperature and dew point temperature meet the operating requirement of electronic information equipment, but electronic information equipment does not operate



2.1.25 dynamic state



air conditioning system and electronic information equipment of computer room are under normal operating state and there are relevant personnel in the room



2.1.26 stop condition



air conditioning system of computer room and auxiliary area are under normal operating state; indoor temperature and relative humidity meet stop requirements of electronic information equipment



2.1.27 electrostatic leakage



the phenomenon that the electrostatic charge on electrified body disappeared partially or completely through the interior or surface of electrified body



2.1.28 volume resistance



the quotient of the DC voltage between two electrodes on two relative surfaces of anti-static floor material to the steady-state current flowing between two electrodes



2.1.29 protective earthing



the earthing for protecting personal and equipment safety



2.1.30 functional earthing



the earthing for ensuring normal operation of equipment (system) and realizing equipment (system) function correctly



2.1.31 earthing conductor



the connecting conductor from earthing terminal or earthing integration bar to earthing electrode



2.1.32 bonding bar



metal tape of equipotential bounding formed by connecting bounding grid, metal enclosure of equipment, metal pipeline, metal slot and metal structure of building



2.1.33 bounding conductor



the conductor connecting various separated conductive objects to earthing integration bar, bonding bar or bounding grid



2.1.34 power usage effectiveness (PUE)



the parameter representing power usage effectiveness of data center, which is the ratio of total power consumed by all power equipment in data center to total power consumed by all electronic information equipment



2.1.35 water usage effectiveness (WUE)



the parameter representing water usage effectiveness of data center, which is the ratio of total water volume consumed by all water-used equipment in data center to total power consumed by all electronic information equipment



2.1.36 automatic transfer switching equipment (ATSE)



the electric equipment composed of one or several transfer switching equipment and other necessary electric equipment for monitoring power circuit and transferring one or several load circuit(s) from one supply to another supply automatically



2.1.37 computational fluid dynamics (CFD)



the computing method for obtaining temperature field, pressure field, velocity field and the like by analyzing physical phenomena such as fluid flow and heat transfer after solving flow mechanics equation via computer simulation



2.1.38 duplicate supply



it refers to that supply of one load is provided by two circuits which are considered mutually independent in terms of safe power supply



2.1.39 enterprise command center (ECC)



the platform for providing services such as centralized monitoring, commanding and dispatching, technical support and emergency drilling for each system of data center, which is also referred to as monitoring center



2.1.40 uninterruptible power system (UPS)



the system composed of converter, switch and energy storage device, for outputting AC/DC power in case the input supply is normal or out of service and maintaining the continuity of powering a load within a certain period of time



2.1.41 total cost of ownership (TCO)



the sum of construction cost and operating cost within the total life cycle of data center



2.1.42 cloud computing



a kind of computing resource serve mode, which enable users, through the network, to use the configurable computing resource from resource pool by request conveniently; computing resource can be deployed and released rapidly



2.1.43 Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM)



data center infrastructure management is to assist data center operating maintenance personnel in managing data and optimizing the features of data center by collecting asset, resource information as well as the operating state of equipment from data center continuously and analyzing, integrating and extracting data available



2.2 Symbols



N base requirement



MPO multi-fiber push on



3 Rating Classification and Required Features



3.1 Rating Classification



3.1.1 Data center should be divided into Grades A, B and C. In design, the grade shall be determined according to the service purpose of data center and the loss or influence of data loss or network interruption on economy or society.



3.1.2 The data center shall be Grade A in case of any of the following conditions:



1 interruption of electronic information system operation may lead to vital economic loss;



2 interruption of electronic information system operation may lead to serious confusion for public places.



3.1.3 In case of any one of the following conditions, it shall be Grade B:



1 interruption of electronic information system operation may lead to larger economic loss;



2 interruption of electronic information system operation may lead to confusion for public places.



3.1.4 The data center not belonging to Grade A or Grade B shall be Grade C.



3.1.5 As for the business recovery data center established in or beyond the city, it shall be designed at same grade as master data center.



3.1.6 Constituent parts of data center infrastructure should be designed according to technical requirements for same grade or for different grades. Where constituent parts are designed according to different grades, the grade of data center shall be determined according to the minimum grade.



3.2 Required Features



3.2.1 The infrastructure of Grade A data center should be configured according to fault tolerant system; the infrastructure shall still be capable of ensuring the normal operation of electronic information system after one accident or the maintenance or overhaul of single system equipment during the operation period of electronic information system.



3.2.2 Where Grade A data center meets the following requirements simultaneously, the power of electronic information equipment may be supplied under the combination of uninterruptible power system and mains supply system:



1 the normal operation of electronic information equipment shall be ensured during equipment or line maintenance;



2 the quality of power supplied by mains supply directly shall meet the requirements for the normal operation of electronic information equipment;



3 the power factor at the accessing point of mains supply shall meet the requirements of local power supply department;



4 diesel generator system shall be capable of bearing the influence of capacitive load;



5 permissible value (r.m.s. value) of harmonic current component injected into public supply network shall meet the relevant requirement of the current national standard GB/T 14549 Quality of Electric Energy Supply - Harmonics in Public Supply Network.



3.2.3 Where two or more data centers are constructed simultaneously at different areas and they are reserved each other, moreover data real-time transmission service meets continuity requirement, the infrastructure of data center can be configured according to fault tolerant system or redundant system.



3.2.4 Infrastructure of Grade B data center shall be configured according to redundancy requirements. During the operation period of electronic information system, infrastructure shall not lead to interruption of electronic information system operation on account of equipment failure in the range of redundancy capacity.



3.2.5 Infrastructure of Grade C data center shall be configured according to basic requirement. Under normal operation of the infrastructure, electronic information system shall keep operating without interruption.

1 General Provisions
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Rating Classification and Required Features
3.1 Rating Classification
3.2 Required Features
4 Site Selection and Equipment Layout
4.1 Site Selection
4.2 Composition
4.3 Equipment Layout
5 Environmental Requirement
5.1 Temperature, Dew Point Temperature and Airborne Particle Concentration
5.2 Noise, Electromagnetic Interference, Vibration and Static Electricity
6 Building and Structure
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 People Flow, Goods Flow, Entrances and Exits
6.3 Retaining Structure Thermal Design and Energy Saving Measure
6.4 Interior Decoration
7 Air Conditioning
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Thermal Load Calculation
7.3 Airflow Management
7.4 System Design
7.5 Equipment Selection
8 Electrical Systems
8.1 Power Supply and Distribution
8.2 Lighting
8.3 Electrostatic Discharge Protection
8.4 Lightning Protection and Earthing
9 Electromagnetic Shielding
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Shielding Structure
9.3 Shielding Objects
10 Network and Cabling System
10.1 Network System
10.2 Cabling System
11 Intelligent System
11.1 General Requirements
11.2 Environment and Equipment Monitoring System
11.3 Security System
11.4 Enterprise Command Center
12 Water Supply and Drainage
12.1 General Requirements
12.2 Piping Layout
13 Fire Protection and Safety
13.1 General Requirements
13.2 Fire Prevention and Evacuation
13.3 Fire Protection Facilities
13.4 Safety Measures
Annex A Technical Requirements for Data Center Ratings
Explanation of Wording in This Code
List of Quoted Standards

1 总 则
1.0.1 为规范数据中心的设计，确保电子信息系统安全、稳定、可靠地运行，做到技术先进、经济合理、安全适用、节能环保，制定本规范。
1.0.2本规范适用于新建、改建和扩建的数据中心的设计。
1.0.3 数据中心的设计应遵循近期建设规模与远期发展规划协调一致的原则。
1.0.4数据中心的设计除应符合本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2术语和符号
2.1 术 语
2.1.1 数据中心data center
为集中放置的电子信息设备提供运行环境的建筑场所，可以是一栋或几栋建筑物，也可以是一栋建筑物的一部分，包括主机房、辅助区、支持区和行政管理区等。
2.1.2 主机房 computer room
主要用于数据处理设备安装和运行的建筑空间，包括服务器机房、网络机房、存储机房等功能区域。
2.1.3辅助区 auxiliary area
用于电子信息设备和软件的安装、调试、维护、运行监控和管理的场所，包括进线间、测试机房、总控中心、消防和安防控制室、拆包区、备件库、打印室、维修室等区域。
2.1.4 支持区 support area
为主机房、辅助区提供动力支持和安全保障的区域，包括变配电室、柴油发电机房、电池室、空调机房、动力站房、不间断电源系统用房、消防设施用房等。
2.1.5行政管理区 administrative area
用于日常行政管理及客户对托管设备进行管理的场所，包括办公室、门厅、值班室、盥洗室、更衣间和用户工作室等。
2.1.6灾备数据中心 business recovery data center
用于灾难发生时，接替生产系统运行，进行数据处理和支持关键业务功能继续运作的场所，包括限制区、普通区和专用区。
2.1.7 限制区 restricted area
根据安全需要，限制不同类别人员进入的场所，包括主机房、辅助区和支持区等。
2.1.8普通区 regular area
用于灾难恢复和日常训练、办公的场所。
2.1.9专用区dedicated area
用于灾难恢复期间使用及放置设备的场所。
2.1.10 基础设施 infrastructure
本规范专指在数据中心内，为电子信息设备提供运行保障的设施。
2.1.11电子信息设备 electronic information equipment
对电子信息进行采集、加工、运算、存储、传输、检索等处理的设备，包括服务器、交换机、存储设备等。
2.1.12冗余 redundancy
重复配置系统的一些或全部部件，当系统发生故障时，重复配置的部件介入并承担故障部件的工作，由此延长系统的平均故障间隔时间。
2.1.13 N+X冗余 N+X redundancy
系统满足基本需求外，增加了X个组件、X个单元、X个模块或X个路径。任何X个组件、单元、模块或路径的故障或维护不会导致系统运行中断(X＝1～N)。
2.1.14容错 fault tolerant
具有两套或两套以上的系统，在同一时刻，至少有一套系统在LF常工作。按容错系统配置的基础设施，在经受住一次严重的突发设备故障或人为操作失误后，仍能满足电子信息设备正常运行的基本需求。
2.1.15 电磁干扰 electromagnetic interference(EMI)
电磁骚扰引起的装置、设备或系统性能的下降。
2.1.16 电磁屏蔽 electromagnetic shielding
用导电材料减少交变电磁场向指定区域的穿透。
2.1.17电磁屏蔽室 electromagnetic shielding enclosure
专门用于衰减、隔离来自内部或外部电场、磁场能量的建筑空间体。
2.1.18截止波导通风窗 cut-off waveguide vent
截止波导与通风口结合为一体的装置，该装置既允许空气流通，又能够衰减一定频率范围内的电磁波。
2.1.19 可拆卸式电磁屏蔽室 modular electromagnetic shielding enclosure
按照设计要求，由预先加工成型的屏蔽壳体模块板、结构件、屏蔽部件等，经过施工现场装配，组建成具有可拆卸结构的电磁屏蔽室。
2.1.20 焊接式电磁屏蔽室 welded electromagnetic shiel-ding enclosure
主体结构采用现场焊接方式建造的具有固定结构的电磁屏蔽室。
2.1.21配电列头柜 remote power panel(RPP)
为成行排列或按功能区划分的机柜提供配电管理的设备。
2.1.22网络配线柜horizontal distribution area cabinet
为成行排列或按功能区划分的机柜提供网络服务的水平配线区设备。
2.1.23智能布线管理系统 intelligent cabling management system
一套完整的软硬件整合系统，通过对电子配线设备端口连接属性的实时监测，实现对布线系统和网络设备连接状态进行跟踪、记录和报告的智能化管理。
2.1.24静态 static state
主机房的空调系统处于正常运行状态，室内温度和露点温度达到电子信息设备的运行要求，但电子信息设备未运行。
2.1.25动态dynamic state
主机房的空调系统和电子信息设备处于正常运行状态，室内有相关人员在场的情况。
2.1.26 停机条件 stop condition
主机房和辅助区的空调系统处于正常运行状态，室内温度和相对湿度满足电子信息设备的停机要求。
2.1.27静电泄放 electrostatic leakage
带电体上的静电电荷通过带电体内部或其表面等途径，部分或全部消失的现象。
2.1.28体积电阻 volume resistance
在防静电地板材料相对的两个表面上放置的两个电极间所加直流电压与流过两个电极间的稳态电流(不包括沿材料表面的电流)之商。
2.1.29保护性接地protective earthing
以保护人身和设备安全为目的的接地。
2.1.30功能性接地 functional earthing
用于保证设备(系统)正常运行，正确地实现设备(系统)功能的接地。
2.1.31 接地线 earthing conductor
从接地端子或接地汇集排至接地极的连接导体。
2.1.32等电位联结带 bonding bar
将等电位联结网格、设备的金属外壳、金属管道、金属线槽、建筑物金属结构等连接其上形成等电位联结的金属带。
2.1.33等电位联结导体 bonding conductor
将分开的诸导电性物体连接到接地汇集排、等电位联结带或等电位联结网格的导体。
2.1.34 电能利用效率power usage effectiveness(PUE)
表征数据中心电能利用效率的参数，其数值为数据中心内所有用电设备消耗的总电能与所有电子信息设备消耗的总电能之比。
2.1.35水利用效率 water usage effectiveness(WUE)
表征数据中心水利用效率的参数，其数值为数据中心内所有用水设备消耗的总水量与所有电子信息设备消耗的总电能之比。
2.1.36 自动转换开关电器 automatic transfer switching equipment(ATSE)
由一个或几个转换开关电器和其他必需的电器组成，用于监测电源电路，并将一个或几个负载电路从一个电源自动转换至另一个电源的电器。
2.1.37 计算流体动力学 computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
通过计算机模拟求解流体力学方程，对流体流动与传热等物理现象进行分析，得到温度场、压力场、速度场等的计算方法。
2.1.38双重电源duplicate supply
一个负荷的电源是由两个电路提供的，这两个电路就安全供电而言被认为是相互独立的。
2.1.39 总控中心 enterprise command center(ECC)
为数据中心各系统提供集中监控、指挥调度、技术支持和应急演练的平台，也可称为监控中心。
2.1.40 不间断电源系统 uninterruptible power system(UPS)
由变流器、开关和储能装置组合构成的系统，在输入电源正常或故障时，输出交流或直流电能，在一定时间内，维持对负载供电的连续性。
2.1.41 总体拥有成本total cost of ownership(TCO)
数据中心全生命周期内，建设费用和运行费用的总和。
2.1.42云计算 cloud computing
一种运算资源服务模式，能够让用户通过网络方便地按照需要使用资源池提供的可配置运算资源，该资源可以快速部署与发布。
2.1.43数据中心基础设施管理系统Data Center Infrastruc-ture Management(DCIM)
数据中心基础设施管理系统通过持续收集数据中心的资产、资源信息，以及各种设备的运行状态，分析、整合和提炼有用数据，帮助数据中心运行维护人员管理数据中心，并优化数据中心的性能。
2.2 符 号
N基本需求 base requirement
MPO 多芯推进锁闭光纤连接器件 multi-fiber push on
3分级与性能要求
3.1 分 级
3.1.1 数据中心应划分为A、B、C三级。设计时应根据数据中心的使用性质、数据丢失或网络中断在经济或社会上造成的损失或影响程度确定所属级别。
3.1.2符合下列情况之一的数据中心应为A级：
1 电子信息系统运行中断将造成重大的经济损失；
2 电子信息系统运行中断将造成公共场所秩序严重混乱。
3.1.3符合下列情况之一的数据中心应为B级：
1 电子信息系统运行中断将造成较大的经济损失；
2 电子信息系统运行中断将造成公共场所秩序混乱。
3.1.4不属于A级或B级的数据中心应为C级。
3.1.5在同城或异地建立的灾备数据中心，设计时宜与主用数据中心等级相同。
3.1.6数据中心基础设施各组成部分宜按照相同等级的技术要求进行设计，也可按照不同等级的技术要求进行设计。当各组成部分按照不同等级进行设计时，数据中心的等级应按照其中最低等级部分确定。
3.2性能要求
3.2.1 A级数据中心的基础设施宜按容错系统配置，在电子信息系统运行期间，基础设施应在一次意外事故后或单系统设备维护或检修时仍能保证电子信息系统正常运行。
3.2.2 A级数据中心同时满足下列要求时，电子信息设备的供电可采用不间断电源系统和市电电源系统相结合的供电方式：
1 设备或线路维护时，应保证电子信息设备正常运行；
2市电直接供电的电源质量应满足电子信息设备正常运行的要求；
3市电接入处的功率因数应符合当地供电部门的要求；
4柴油发电机系统应能够承受容性负载的影响；
5 向公用电网注入的谐波电流分量(方均根值)允许值应符合现行国家标准《电能质量 公用电网谐波》GB/T 14549的有关规定。
3.2.3当两个或两个以上地处不同区域的数据中心同时建设，互为备份，且数据实时传输、业务满足连续性要求时，数据中心的基础设施可按容错系统配置，也可按冗余系统配置。
3.2.4 B级数据中心的基础设施应按冗余要求配置，在电子信息系统运行期间，基础设施在冗余能力范围内，不得因设备故障而导致电子信息系统运行中断。
3.2.5 C级数据中心的基础设施应按基本需求配置，在基础设施正常运行情况下，应保证电子信息系统运行不中断。
4选址及设备布置
4.1 选 址
4.1.1数据中心选址应符合下列规定：
1 电力供给应充足可靠，通信应快速畅通，交通应便捷；
2 采用水蒸发冷却方式制冷的数据中心，水源应充足；
3 自然环境应清洁，环境温度应有利于节约能源；
4 应远离产生粉尘、油烟、有害气体以及生产或贮存具有腐蚀性、易燃、易爆物品的场所；
5 应远离水灾、地震等自然灾害隐患区域；
6 应远离强振源和强噪声源；
7 应避开强电磁场干扰；
8 A级数据中心不宜建在公共停车库的正上方；
9 大中型数据中心不宜建在住宅小区和商业区内。
4.1.2设置在建筑物内局部区域的数据中心，在确定主机房的位置时，应对安全、设备运输、管线敷设、雷电感应、结构荷载、水患及空调系统室外设备的安装位置等问题进行综合分析和经济比较。
4.2 组 成
4.2.1 数据中心的组成应根据系统运行特点及设备具体要求确定，宜由主机房、辅助区、支持区、行政管理区等功能区组成。
4.2.2 主机房的使用面积应根据电子信息设备的数量、外形尺寸和布置方式确定，并应预留今后业务发展需要的使用面积。主机房的使用面积可按下式计算：
A＝SN (4.2.2)
式中：A——主机房的使用面积(m2)；
S——单台机柜(架)、大型电子信息设备和列头柜等设备占用面积(m2/台)，可取2.0m2/台～4.0m2/台；
N——主机房内所有机柜(架)、大型电子信息设备和列头柜等设备的总台数。
4.2.3 辅助区和支持区的面积之和可为主机房面积的1.5倍～2.5倍。
4.2.4用户工作室的使用面积可按4m2/人～5m2/人计算；硬件及软件人员办公室等有人长期工作的房间，使用面积可按5 m2/人～7m2/人计算。
4.2.5在灾难发生时，仍需保证电子信息业务连续性的单位，应建立灾备数据中心。灾备数据中心的组成应根据安全需求、使用功能和人员类别划分为限制区、普通区和专用区。
4.3设备布置
4.3.1 数据中心内的各类设备应根据工艺设计进行布置，应满足系统运行、运行管理、人员操作和安全、设备和物料运输、设备散热、安装和维护的要求。
4.3.2容错系统中相互备用的设备应布置在不同的物理隔间内，相互备用的管线宜沿不同路径敷设。
4.3.3 当机柜(架)内的设备为前进风(后出风)冷却方式，且机柜自身结构未采用封闭冷风通道或封闭热风通道方式时，机柜(架)的布置宜采用面对面、背对背方式。
4.3.4主机房内通道与设备之间的距离应符合下列规定：
1 用于搬运设备的通道净宽不应小于1.5m；
2 面对面布置的机柜(架)正面之间的距离不宜小于1.2m；
3背对背布置的机柜(架)背面之间的距离不宜小于0.8m；
4 当需要在机柜(架)侧面和后面维修测试时，机柜(架)与机柜(架)、机柜(架)与墙之间的距离不宜小于1.0m；
5成行排列的机柜(架)，其长度大于6m时，两端应设有通道；当两个通道之间的距离大于15m时，在两个通道之间还应增加通道。通道的宽度不宜小于1m，局部可为0.8m。
5 环境要求
5.1温度、露点温度及空气粒子浓度
5.1.1 主机房和辅助区内的温度、露点温度和相对湿度应满足电子信息设备的使用要求；当电子信息设备尚未确定时，应按本规范附录A执行。
5.1.2主机房的空气粒子浓度，在静态或动态条件下测试，每立方米空气中粒径大于或等于0.5 1μm的悬浮粒子数应少于17600000粒。
5.1.3数据中心装修后的室内空气质量应符合现行国家标准《室内空气质量标准》GB/T 18883的有关规定。
5.2噪声、电磁干扰、振动及静电
5.2.1 总控中心内，在长期固定工作位置测量的噪声值应小于60dB(A)。
5.2.2主机房和辅助区内的无线电骚扰环境场强在80MHz～1000MHz和1400MHz～2000MHz频段范围内不应大于130dB(μV/m)，工频磁场场强不应大于30A/m。
5.2.3在电子信息设备停机条件下，主机房地板表面垂直及水平向的振动加速度不应大于500mm/s2。
5.2.4 主机房和辅助区内绝缘体的静电电压绝对值不应大于1kV。
6建筑与结构
6.1一般规定
6.1.1 建筑和结构设计应根据数据中心的等级，按本规范附录A执行。
6.1.2建筑平面和空间布局应具有灵活性，并应满足数据中心的工艺要求。
6.1.3主机房净高应根据机柜高度、管线安装及通风要求确定。新建数据中心时，主机房净高不宜小于3.0m。
6.1.4变形缝不宜穿过主机房。
6.1.5主机房和辅助区不应布置在用水区域的直接下方，不应与振动和电磁干扰源为邻。
6.1.6设有技术夹层和技术夹道的数据中心，建筑设计应满足各种设备和管线的安装和维护要求。当管线需穿越楼层时，宜设置技术竖井。
6.1.7 数据中心的抗震设防类别不应低于丙类，新建A级数据中心的抗震设防类别不应低于乙类。
6.1.8 改建的数据中心应根据荷载要求进行抗震鉴定，并应符合现行国家标准《建筑抗震鉴定标准》GB 50023的有关规定。经抗震鉴定后需要进行抗震加固的建筑，应按国家现行标准《混凝土加固结构规范》GB 50367、《建筑抗震加固技术规程》JGJ 116和《混凝土结构后锚固技术规程》JGJ 145的有关规定进行加固。当抗震设防类别为丙类的建筑改建为A级数据中心时，在使用荷载满足要求的条件下，建筑可不做加固处理。
6.1.9新建A级数据中心首层建筑完成面应高出当地洪水百年重现期水位线1.0m以上，并应高出室外地坪0.6m以上。
6.2人流、物流及出入口
6.2.1数据中心宜单独设置人员出入口和设备、材料出入口。
6.2.2有人操作区域和无人操作区域宜分开布置。
6.2.3 数据中心内通道的宽度及门的尺寸应满足设备和材料的运输要求，建筑入口至主机房的通道净宽不应小于1.5m。
6.2.4数据中心可设置门厅、休息室、值班室和更衣间。更衣间使用面积可按最大班人数，以1m2/人～3m2/人计算。
6.3 围护结构热工设计和节能措施
6.3.1 数据中心的建筑气候分区和围护结构热工设计应符合现行国家标准《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB 50189的有关规定。当主机房与外围护结构相邻时，对应部分外围护结构的热工性能应根据全年动态能耗分析情况确定最优值。
6.3.2数据中心围护结构的材料选型应满足保温、隔热、防火、防潮、少产尘等要求。外墙、屋面热桥部位的内表面温度不应低于室内空气露点温度。
6.3.3主机房不宜设置外窗。当主机房设有外窗时，应采用双层固定式玻璃窗，外窗应设置外部遮阳，外窗的气密性应符合现行国家标准《建筑外门窗气密、水密、抗风压性能分级及检测方法》GB/T 7106的有关规定，遮阳系数应符合现行国家标准《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB 50189的有关规定。当电池室设有外窗时，应避免阳光直射。
6.4室内装修
6.4.1 室内装修设计选用材料的燃烧性能应符合现行国家标准《建筑内部装修设计防火规范》GB 50222的有关规定。
6.4.2主机房室内装修，应选用气密性好、不起尘、易清洁、符合环保要求、在温度和湿度变化作用下变形小、具有表面静电耗散性能的材料，不得使用强吸湿性材料及未经表面改性处理的高分子绝缘材料作为面层。
6.4.3主机房内墙壁和顶棚的装修应满足使用功能要求，表面应平整、光滑、不起尘、避免眩光，并应减少凹凸面。
6.4.4主机房地面设计应满足使用功能要求，当铺设防静电活动地板时，活动地板的高度应根据电缆布线和空调送风要求确定，并应符合下列规定：
1 当活动地板下的空间只作为电缆布线使用时，地板高度不宜小于250mm。活动地板下的地面和四壁装饰可采用水泥砂浆抹灰。地面材料应平整、耐磨。
2 当活动地板下的空间既作为电缆布线，又作为空调静压箱时，地板高度不宜小于500mm。活动地板下的地面和四壁装饰应采用不起尘、不易积灰、易于清洁的材料。楼板或地面应采取保温、防潮措施，一层地面垫层宜配筋，围护结构宜采取防结露措施。
6.4.5技术夹层的墙壁和顶棚表面应平整、光滑。当采用轻质构造顶棚做技术夹层时，宜设置检修通道或检修口。
6.4.6 当主机房内设有用水设备时，应采取防止水漫溢和渗漏措施。
6.4.7 门窗、墙壁、地(楼)面的构造和施工缝隙均应采取密闭措施。
6.4.8当主机房顶板采用碳纤维加固时，应采用聚合物砂浆内衬钢丝网对碳纤维进行保护。