Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 For the purpose of strengthening railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, and ensuring the railway transportation safety, the Rules are formulated according to Railway Law of the People's Republic of China, Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, Regulation on Protecting the Railway Transport Safety, Regulations of Railway Freight Traffic and other laws and regulations concerned.
Article 2 The Rules are applicable to standard-gauge national railways, joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines, servicing as the fundamental basis for railway freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation. The carriers, consignors and consignees shall abide by the Rules.
Article 3 Freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, which are highly technical, constitute an important part of railway transportation. The major objectives are ensuring the integrity of goods and driving safety of wagons; making full use of the loading capacity and cubic capacity of wagon; transporting the goods in safe, rapid, reasonable and economical way.
Article 4 The basic technical requirements for freight loading reinforcement: the goods are distributed in the wagon uniformly, stably and reasonably, without overload, offset load, uneven weight or concentrated weight; able to bear various forces generated during normal shunting operation and train running; no movement, rolling, overturning, collapse or falling occur in transit.
Article 5 Railway bureaus (including professional transport companies, the same below) shall pay high attention to freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation, assign specific personnel to take charge, actively employ advanced, mature, economical, applicable and reliable technology and equipment, continuously update and improve the technical management measures, and raise the quality of freight loading reinforcement and wagon full loading operation.
The railway bureau and its subordinate freight stations shall establish loading reinforcement technology leading team and working system. The responsibilities of the leading team include review, declaration and implementation of freight loading reinforcement scheme of its department; organizing the implementation of scheme-based loading, signing-confirmation system on loading quality and wagon full loading measures; guidance, supervision and inspection of relevant technical services.
The joint venture railways, local railways, special railways and special rail lines enterprises shall carry out loading reinforcement as specified in the Rules.
Article 6 The loading entities shall establish sound loading post responsibility system, adhere to the principle of "strict loading and departure" and abide by the loading reinforcement scheme.
For important goods, loading quality signing-confirmation system applies. The railway bureau shall develop loading quality signing-confirmation measures within its jurisdiction and report for record.
Article 7 For freight loading reinforcement methods, loading reinforcement materials and devices that are not specified in the Rules, trial transportation shall be organized by the consignor jointly with the carrier under the premise of safety. The requirements for trial transportation shall be subject to Chapter IV hereof.
Article 8 The freight loading reinforcement materials and devices shall be provided by the consignor, with their technical performance in compliance with the relevant requirements of national standard, professional standard and the Rules, as well as the relevant technical specifications released by the Ministry of Railways.
As for patent-involved freight loading reinforcement materials and devices, the protection, use and transfer of patent, as well as dispute settlement shall strictly comply with Patent Law of the People's Republic of China and other regulations concerned. The consignor shall not use any freight loading reinforcement material or device with patent infringement identified by patent administrative department or judged by the people's court.
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Article 9 Prior to loading, correct vehicle shall be selected in compliance with Wagon Use Restrictions (see attached Table 1) and the relevant requirements. Without the approval of Transport Bureau of MOR, the goods loaded in any type of wagon shall not go beyond the corresponding design scope.
The technical parameters of wagon are released by the Transport Bureau of MOR. See the appendix for the general technical parameters for open wagon, flatcar and long and big wagon. In case of any discrepancy between the technical parameters marked on the wagon body and those in the appendix, the technical parameters on wagon shall prevail. The wagon manufacture and overhaul units shall guarantee the accuracy of technical parameters marked on the wagon body.
It is prohibited to use any open wagon, flatcar or long and big wagon that are not in the list published by the Transport Bureau of MOR or with incomplete technical parameters.
Article 10 Where flatcar with end and side plates are used to load goods that protrude the car floor in length or width, the end and side plates may be laid down and the goods are bound firmly with the car body using galvanized iron wire or clamped using iron lock.
When the flatcar marked with "closed" is running, the end plate shall be upright and closed. Under special circumstances, the car is allowed to run with the end plate laid down, provided that the device for stopping buffer action is installed; or where the end plate of one flatcar is lifted reliably, the end plate of its adjacent flatcar may be laid down during running.
Article 11 After loading, the general gravity center of goods shall be projected at the cross point of longitudinal and horizontal center lines. If deviation is inevitable, the lateral deviation value shall not exceed 100mm; in case of longitudinal deviation, the goods weight on each bogie shall not exceed one half of the allowable loading capacity of wagon, and the load difference between two bogies shall not be greater than 10t.
Article 12 If the center height of gravity for wagon loaded is more than 2000mm from the rail surface, the wagon shall run at limited speed as specified in Table 2-1. In this case, the loading station shall send message to the railway bureau to ask for instruction and the bureau shall give instruction via telegram. In case of trans-bureau transportation, it shall copy to all railway bureaus involved and Article 31 hereof shall be met.
Table 2-1
Center height of gravity for wagon loaded H
(mm) Section speed limit
(km/h) Speed limit for passing through lateral turnout (km/h)
2000
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Basic Technical Provisions
Chapter III Special Regulations
Section I Out-of-gauge and Lengthy Goods
Section II Timber and Bamboo
Section III Wheel and Crawler Type Goods and Cylindrical and Spherical Goods
Section IV Metal Materials and Articles
Section V Prestressed Beam
Chapter IV Scheme Management
Chapter V Full-loading Operation
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Attached Tables
Table 1 Use Limitations of Wagon
Table 2 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Flatcar Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 3 Allowable Loading Capacity When Partial Floor of Well Car Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 4 Allowable Loading Capacity When Long and Large Flatcar Partially Bears Uniformly Distributed Load or Symmetrical Concentrated Load
Table 5 Allowable Loading Capacity When Uniformly Distributed Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 6 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne between Two Sleeper Beams of 60t and 61t Open Wagons
Table 7 Allowable Loading Capacity When uniformly distributed load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Table 8 Allowable Loading Capacity When Symmetrical Concentrated Load is Borne Between Two Sleeper Beams of C70 and C70H Open Wagons
Annexes
Annex 1 Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement and Formalization Scheme
Annex 2 Common Calculation Formulae for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Annex 3 Goods Loading Gauge Diagram
Annex 4 List of Loading Limitation in Specific Sections
Annex 5 Common Loading Reinforcement Materials and Device
Annex 6 Trial Scheme and Materials for Railway Freight Loading Reinforcement
Appendix Technical Parameter Tables for Open Wagon, Flatcar and Long and Big Wagon
第一章 总 则
第一条 为加强铁路货物装载加固和货车满载工作，确保铁路运输安全，依据《中华人民共和国铁路法》、《中华人民共和国安全生产法》、《铁路运输安全保护条例》和《铁路货物运输规程》等法律法规、规章，制定本规则。
第二条 本规则适用于标准轨距的国家铁路、合资铁路、地方铁路和专用铁路、铁路专用线，是铁路货物装载加固和货车满载工作的基本依据。承运人、托运人和收货人均应遵守本规则。
第三条 货物装载加固和货车满载工作技术性强，是铁路运输工作的重要组成部分。其主要任务是：保证货物、货车的完整和行车安全，充分利用货车载重力和容积，安全、迅速、合理、经济地运输货物。
第四条 货物装载加固的基本技术要求是：使货物均衡、稳定、合理地分布在货车上，不超载，不偏载，不偏重，不集重；能够经受正常调车作业以及列车运行中所产生各种力的作用，在运输全过程中，不发生移动、滚动、倾覆、倒塌或坠落等情况。
第五条 铁路局（含专业运输公司，下同）要高度重视货物装载加固和货车满载工作，配备专人负责，积极运用先进、成熟、经济、适用、可靠的技术和设备，不断改进和完善技术管理手段，提高货物装载加固和货车满载工作质量。
铁路局及其直属货运站段应成立装载加固技术领导小组，建立工作制度。装载加固技术领导小组具体负责本部门货物装载加固方案的审核、申报、实施工作，组织落实按方案装车、装车质量签认制度和货车满载措施，以及有关技术业务指导、监督、检查工作。
合资铁路、地方铁路和专用铁路、铁路专用线企业应按本规则规定做好装载加固有关工作。
第六条 各装车单位应建立健全装车岗位责任制，坚持装车从严、发站从严的原则，严格按装载加固方案装车。
重点货物实行装车质量签认制度，铁路局应制定管内装车质量签认办法，并报部备案。
第七条 本规则未规定的货物装载加固方法、装载加固材料及装置，应由托运人会同承运人，在安全运输的前提下组织试运。试运的有关要求按本规则第四章办理。
第八条 货物装载加固材料及装置由托运人自备，其技术性能应符合国家标准、行业标准和本规则有关要求，以及铁道部公布的有关技术条件。
涉及专利权的货物装载加固材料及装置，其专利保护、使用、转让及纠纷处理等应严格遵守《中华人民共和国专利法》和相关规定。托运人不得使用经专利管理部门认定或人民法院判决侵犯专利权的货物装载加固材料及装置。
第二章 基本技术条件
第九条 装车前应正确选择车辆，遵守货车使用限制表（见附表1）及有关规定。未经铁道部运输局批准，各类货车装载的货物不得超出货车的设计用途范围。
货车的技术参数由铁道部运输局公布，常用敞车、平车、长大货物车技术参数参见附录。凡货车车体上的标记技术参数与附录不一致时，以车体上的标记技术参数为准。货车制造、检修单位应确保货车车体上涂打的标记技术参数的准确性。
凡未经铁道部运输局公布的，技术参数不全的敞车、平车及长大货物车，一律不得使用。
第十条 使用有端、侧板的平车装载长度或宽度超出车地板的货物，可将端、侧板放下，同时用镀锌铁线将其与车体捆绑牢固或用锁铁卡紧。
涂打“ ”的平车在运行时，端板应处于立起关闭状态。特殊情况下，在安装车钩缓冲停止器后允许将端板放倒运行；或将两平车相邻端的一辆平车的端板采取可靠吊起措施后，可将另一辆平车的端板放倒运行。
第十一条 装车后货物总重心的投影应位于货车纵、横中心线的交叉点上。必须偏离时，横向偏离量不得超过100mm；纵向偏离时，每个车辆转向架所承受的货物重量不得超过货车容许载重量的二分之一，且两转向架承受重量之差不得大于10t。
第十二条 重车重心高度从钢轨面起，超过2000mm时应按表2-1的规定限速运行。限速运行时，由装车站以文电向铁路局请示，铁路局以电报批示，跨局运输则应同时抄给有关铁路局，并符合本规则第三十一条的规定。
表2-1
重车重心高度H
（mm） 区间限速
（km/h） 通过侧向道岔限速（km/h）
2000
Tie Yun 2006 No.161 引用如下标准： |
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