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This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 4009: 2000 Commercial Vehicles - Location of Electrical and Pneumatic Connections between Towing Vehicles and Trailers; technical deviations, together with their justifications, are as follows:
——The application scope of the standard is modified; center axle trailer combination is added as an applicable object of the standard;
——The standard structure is modified: Chapter 3 "Terms and Definitions" is added; Chapter 3 of international standard is divided into Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7;
——The expression mode of dimensional range in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is modified;
——The parameter description of note b in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is modified;
——The installation locations of electrical and pneumatic connectors relative to vehicle traveling direction in Figures 1, 2 and 3 are modified (changed to "on right side of the vehicle);
——The standard expression is simplified: the expression “for ergonomic reasons" in Figures 1 and 2 is canceled; the expression “the location and length of pipes depends on the location of the coupling heads" in 3.4.2.1 and 3.4.2.2 is canceled;
——The requirements on "quick-connect joint" and "non-standard connector" are canceled; the pneumatic connector meeting GB/T 13881 is adopted and so the interchangeability of pneumatic connector of towing vehicles and trailers is improved.
The following editorial changes have been made to this standard:
——The standard name is modified; in order to be consistent with the names of current same kind of standards in China, "commercial vehicles" is changed to "road vehicles";
——The international standards given in "Normative References" are replaced by corresponding national standards identical to or modified in relation to international standards.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 114 National Technical Committee on Automobiles of Standardization Administration of China.
Road Vehicles - Location of Electrical and Pneumatic Connections between Towing Vehicles and Trailers
1 Scope
This standard specifies the locations of coupling devices, size and clearance space as well as pipe connection for electrical and pneumatic connections between towing and towed commercial road vehicles.
It is applicable to heavy vehicles equipped with pneumatic braking systems and 24 V electrical equipment of the following types: drawbar-trailer combinations whose towing vehicles have rear-mounted couplings or couplings mounted forward and below, center axle trailer combination and articulated vehicles.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5053.1 Road Vehicles - Electrical Connections between Towing and Towed Vehicles - 7 Pole Connector Type 24 N (Normal) (GB/T 5053.1-2006, ISO 1185: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 13881 Pneumatic Braking Connections between Motor Vehicles and Towed Vehicles (GB/T 13881-1992, ISO 1728: 1980, MOD)
GB/T 20070 Road Vehicles - Mechanical Coupling between Tractors and Semi-trailers - Interchangeability (GB/T 20070-2006, ISO 1726: 2000, MOD)
GB/T 20716.1 Road Vehicles - Connectors for the Electrical Connection of Towing and Towed Vehicles - Part 1: Connectors for Braking Systems and Running Gears of Vehicles with 24V Nominal Supply Voltage (GB/T 20716.1-2006, ISO 7638-1: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 20717 Road Vehicles - Connectors for the Electrical Connection of Towing and Towed Vehicles - 15-pole Connector for Vehicles with 24V Nominal Supply Voltage (GB/T 20717-2006, ISO 12098: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 25088 Road Vehicles - Connectors for the Electrical Connection of Towing and Towed Vehicles - 7-pole Connector Type 24S (Supplementary) for Vehicles with 24 V Nominal Supply Voltage (GB/T 25088-2010, ISO 3731: 2003, MOD)
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
drawbar coupling
mechanical connection device mounted at chassis rear or forward and below, which has the function of guiding, fixing and angular movement when connected with trailers
4 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections
The locations for electrical and pneumatic connections shall be in accordance with Figure 1 and Figure 2 for towing vehicles with rear-mounted drawbar couplings, Figure 3 for towing vehicles with drawbar couplings mounted forward and below, and Figure 4 for articulated vehicles. Selection of the respective locations shall be made such that the connectors are completely within the areas, or zones, specified in the corresponding figure or figures.
Dimensions in millimetres
Within the shaded area, connections should be located as far outwards as possible. The connections should be able to be operated while standing on one side only of the drawbar. As alternatives to mounting the connections left and right of the vehicle’s longitudinal axis, they may be mounted only on the right side of the reference plane.
a Body rear edge.
b Distance from drawbar coupling center to rear of towing vehicle, not greater than 550 mm.
c Upper mounting surface.
d Lower mounting surface.
e Drawbar coupling vertical center line.
f Drawbar coupling lower edge.
g Drawbar coupling horizontal center line.
h Control line (see GB/T 13881).
i 7-pin N/15-pin (see GB/T 5053.1, GB/T 20717).
j Supply line (see GB/T 13881).
k 7-pin S (see GB/T 25088).
l ABS socket (see GB/T 20716.1).
m Reference line, top of chassis.
Figure 1 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections for Towing Vehicles with Rear-mounted Drawbar Coupling (Type A Location Zones)
Dimensions in millimetres
Within the shaded area, connections should be located as far outwards as possible. The connections should be able to be operated while standing on one side only of the drawbar. As alternatives to mounting the connections left and right of the vehicle’s longitudinal axis, they may be mounted on the right side only of the reference plane.
Note: Type B is a necessary alternative to type A (Figure 1) for the case where there is an additional installation according to type C (Figure 3).
a Body rear edge.
b Distance from drawbar coupling center to rear of towing vehicle, not greater than 550 mm.
c Upper mounting surface.
d Lower mounting surface.
e Drawbar coupling vertical center line.
f Drawbar coupling lower edge.
g Control line (see GB/T 13881).
h 7-pin N/15-pin (see GB/T 5053.1, GB/T 20717)
i Supply line (see GB/T 13881).
j 7-pin S (see GB/T 25088).
k ABS socket (see GB/T 20716.1).
l Reference line: lower edge of drawbar coupling or of chassis frame, whichever is lower.
m Top of chassis: the mounting limit may exceed the top-of-chassis limit if 220 mm minimum is not feasible.
Figure 2 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections for Towing Vehicles with Rear-mounted Drawbar Coupling (Type B Location Zones)
Dimensions in millimetres
Type B location zones may be additionally provided if the towing vehicle is equipped with an additional drawbar coupling on the rear cross-member. The arrangement of all connections shall be in the travel direction on the right-hand side.
a Body rear edge.
b Distance from drawbar coupling center to rear of towing vehicle, classified into three classes, i.e. 1,300 mm~1,400 mm, 1,500 mm~1,600 mm and 1,800 mm~1,900 mm.
c Mounting surface.
d Drawbar coupling horizontal center line.
e Road level.
f Drawbar coupling vertical center line.
g Drawbar coupling height in laden state, 355 mm~405 mm.
h Control line (see GB/T 13881).
i Supply line (see GB/T 13881).
j ABS socket (see GB/T 20716.1).
k 7-pin N/15-pin (see GB/T 5053.1, GB/T 20717).
l 7-pin S.
m Top of chassis: the mounting limit may exceed the top-of-chassis limit if 220 mm minimum is not feasible.
Figure 3 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections for Towing Vehicles with Drawbar Coupling Mounted Forward and Below (Type C Location Zones)
Dimensions in millimetres
a Centre of rotation.
b When connections are mounted lower than 450 mm, the sockets and plugs shall be oriented upwards. Moreover, if dimensions 100 mm to 650 mm are not fulfilled, the designer shall ensure that in operation the coiled pipes and contacts do not come in contact with sharp edges of the vehicle structure (a typical solution is the use of a fixture mounted in front of the wall of the trailer).
c Mounting surfaces.
d The turning radius of forepart of semi-trailer (see GB/T 20070).
e Supply line (see GB/T 13881)
f ABS socket (see GB/T 20716.1).
g 7-pin S (see GB/T 25088).
h 7-pin N/15-pin (see GB/T 5053.1, GB/T 20717).
i Control line (see GB/T 13881).
j Upper edge chassis frame (longitudinal/tractor).
k Upper edge of fifth wheel plate.
l For dedicated semi-trailers without a suitable front-wall structure, such as container chassis and semi-trailers with a front refrigeration unit, the electrical and pneumatic connections may be mounted lower than 800 mm. However, for safety reasons, mountings shall be as high as possible without risk of fouling the load.
m The arrangement area on the tractor may be turned 90° max. upwards from the horizontal.
Figure 4 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections for Articulated Vehicles (Type D Location Zones)
5 Electrical and Pneumatic Connection Dimensions
The types and dimensions of electrical connection should be in accordance with GB/T 5053.1, GB/T 25088, GB/T 20716.1 and GB/T 20717, and those of pneumatic connection should be in accordance with GB/T 13881.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Locations for Electrical and Pneumatic Connections
5 Electrical and Pneumatic Connection Dimensions
6 Clearance Space
7 Flexible Pipe Connection
ICS 43.080.10
T 76
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 32861—2016
道路车辆 牵引车与挂车之间的电气和气动连接位置
Road vehicles—Location of electrical and pneumatic connections between towing
vehicles and trailers
(ISO 4009：2000，Commercial vehicles—Location of electrical and pneumatic
connections between towing vehicles and trailers，MOD)
2016-07-26发布 2016-07-26实施
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局
中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布
前言
本标准按照GB/T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。
本标准使用重新起草法修改采用ISO 4009：2000《商用车辆 牵引车与挂车之间的电气和气动连接位置》。本标准与ISO 4009：2000的技术性差异及其原因如下：
——修改了标准的适用范围，将中置轴挂车列车增加为标准适用对象；
——修改了标准的结构：增加第3章术语和定义；将国际标准的第3章分拆为第4、5、6、7章；
——修改了图1、图2、图3、图4中的尺寸范围表示方式；
——修改了图1、图2、图3中的图注b的参数说明；
——修改了图1、图2、图3的电、气连接器相对于车辆行驶方向的安装位置(改为位于车辆右侧)；
——简化了标准的表述：删除了图1和图2中“基于人体工程学”的表述；删除3.4.2.1和3.4.2.2中“螺旋管线的位置和长度取决于接头的位置”的表述；
——删除了关于“快速连接接头”和“非标连接器”的要求，使用符合GB/T 13881标准的气连接器，提高牵引车和挂车的气连接器的互换性。
本标准还做了以下编辑性修改：
——修改了标准的名称，为与我国现行的同类标准名称取得一致，将“商用车辆”改为“道路车辆”；
——规范性引用文件中凡有等同采用和修改采用国际标准的国家标准，均改为相应国家标准。
本标准由中华人民共和国交通运输部提出。
本标准由全国汽车标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 114)归口。
本标准起草单位：交通运输部公路科学研究院、安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司、中国重汽集团技术发展中心、航天晨光股份有限公司、驻马店中集华骏车辆有限公司。
本标准主要起草人：区传金、张红卫、张键、孙军、刘明洁、董华周、董金松、张学礼、宗成强、张浩、周刚、李玉生、李玉刚、杨家骐、陈小会。
道路车辆 牵引车与挂车之间的电气和
气动连接位置
1 范围
本标准规定了牵引车与挂车之间电气和气制动连接器(以下简称电、气连接器)的安装位置、尺寸、间隙空间以及螺旋管线连接等位置要求。
本标准适用于装有气制动系统和24 V电器设备的、牵引杆连接器后置或前下置的牵引杆挂车列车、中置轴挂车列车和铰接列车。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 5053.1 道路车辆 牵引车与挂车之间电连接器 7芯24 V标准型(24N)(GB/T 5053.1—2006，ISO 1185：2003，IDT)
GB/T 13881 牵引车与挂车之间气制动管连接器(GB/T 13881—1992，ISO 1728：1980，MOD)
GB/T 20070道路车辆 牵引车与半挂车之间机械连接互换性(GB/T 20070—2006，ISO 1726：2000，MOD)
GB/T 20716.1 道路车辆 牵引车和挂车之间的电连接器 第1部分：24 V标称电压车辆的制动系统和行走系的连接(GB/T 20716.1—2006，ISO 7638-1：2003，IDT)
GB/T 20717道路车辆 牵引车和挂车之间的电连接器 24 V 15芯型(GB/T 20717—2006，ISO 12098：2004，IDT)
GB/T 25088道路车辆 牵引车和挂车之间的电连接器 24 V 7芯辅助型(24S)(GB/T 25088—2010，ISO 3731：2003，MOD)
3术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
牵引杆连接器drawbar coulping
安装于牵引车辆底盘后部或后悬部分的前下部，在牵引车辆与挂车耦合连接时具有导向、固定与角运动功能的机械连接装置。
4 电、气连接器安装位置
牵引杆连接器后置的牵引车电、气连接器应按照图1和图2进行布置，牵引杆连接器前下置的牵引车电、气连接器应按照图3进行布置，铰接列车的牵引车电、气连接器应按照图4进行布置。电、气连接器应布置在规定的图示区域内。
单位为毫米
电、气连接器宣布置在阴影区内两侧的位置，以便于在牵引杆一侧进行电、气连接器的操作。当电、气连接器不在车辆纵轴线的左右两侧布置时，电、气连接器应安装在右侧的阴影区域内。
a 牵引车辆后端。
b 牵引杆连接器中心至牵引车辆后端的距离，不大于550 mm。
c 上安装面。
d 下安装面。
e 牵引杆连接器垂直中心线。
f 牵引杆连接器下端。
g 牵引杆连接器水平中心线。
h 控制管路(见GB/T 13881)。
i 7芯标准型/15芯(见GB/T 5053.1，GB/T 20717)。
j 供能管路(见GB/T 13881)。
k 7芯辅助型(见GB/T 25088)。
l ABS插座(见GB/T 20716.1)。
m 参考线，底盘结构顶部。
图1 牵引杆连接器后置的牵引车电、气连接器安装位置(A型位置区域)
单位为毫米
电、气连接器宜布置在阴影区内两侧的位置，以便于在牵引杆一侧进行电、气连接器的操作。当电、气连接器不在车辆纵轴线的左右两侧布置时，电、气连接器应安装在右侧的阴影区域内。
注：当在C型(图3)基础上增加其他牵引杆连接器安装时，宜按照B型要求进行布置。
a 牵引车辆后端。
b 牵引杆连接器中心至牵引车辆后端的距离，不大于550 mm。
c 上安装面。
d 下安装面。
e 牵引杆连接器垂直中心线。
f 牵引杆连接器下端。
g 控制管路(见GB/T 13881)。
h 7芯标准型/15芯(见GB/T 5053.1，GB/T 20717)。
i 供能管路(见GB/T 13881)。
j 7芯辅助型(见GB/T 25088)。
k ABS插座(见GB/T 20716.1)。
l 参考线：牵引杆连接器或底盘结构下端，取较低的。
m 底盘结构顶部：若无法达到最小值220 mm，安装界限可超过底盘结构顶部。
图2牵引杆连接器后置的牵引车电、气连接器安装位置(B型位置区域)
单位为毫米
当牵引车后横梁装有附加的牵引杆连接器时，电、气连接器宜按照B型要求进行布置。全部电、气连接器应安装在右侧。
a 牵引车辆后端。
b 牵引杆连接器中心至牵引车辆后端的距离，分1 300 mm～1 400 mm，1 500 mm～1 600 mm，1 800 mm～1 900 mm三档。
c 安装面。
d 牵引杆连接器水平中心线。
e 道路平面。
f 牵引杆连接器垂直中心线。
g 满载状态下牵引杆连接器的高度，355 mm～405 mm。
h 控制管路(见GB/T 13881)。
i 供能管路(见GB/T 13881)。
j ABS插座(见GB/T 20716.1)。
k 7芯标准型/15芯(见GB/T 5053.1，GB/T 20717)。
l 7芯辅助型。
m 底盘结构顶部：若220 mm最小值无法达到，安装界限可以超过底盘结构顶部。
图3牵引杆连接器前下置的牵引车电、气连接器安装位置(C型位置区域)
单位为毫米
a 旋转中心。
b 当连接器安装低于450 mm时，插座和插头安装方向应往上调整。当安装位置不满足100 mm～650 mm的高度要求时，应保证各种连接管线在实际使用过程中不与车体的锐利边缘发生剐蹭(典型的解决方法是在挂车前墙安装防护装置)。
c 安装面。
d 半挂车前部回转半径(见GB/T 20070)。
e 供能管路(见GB/T 13881)。
f ABS插座(见GB/T 20716.1)。
g 7芯辅助型(见GB/T 25088)。
h 7芯标准型/15芯(见GB/T 5053.1，GB/T 20717)。
i 控制管路(见GB/T 13881)。
j 底盘结构上边缘(纵向/牵引车)。
k 牵引座平面上边缘。
l 对于没有合适前墙结构的专用半挂车，例如集装箱运输半挂车和前部带冷藏结构的半挂车，电、气连接器安装位置可低于800 mm。但基于安全考虑，在不触碰货物的情况下，安装位置应尽可能高。
m 牵引车上的安装区域可从水平方向最大旋转90°。
图4铰接列车电、气连接器安装位置(D型位置区域)
5电、气连接器尺寸
电连接器的种类和尺寸应符合GB/T 5053.1、GB/T 25088、GB/T 20716.1及GB/T 20717的要求，气连接器的种类和尺寸应符合GB/T 13881的要求。
6 间隙空间
电、气连接器周围的间隙尺寸应保证操作安全，并符合图5和图6的要求。
7螺旋管线连接
7.1 位置
牵引杆列车的螺旋管线连接(在管的末端带有连接头)集成部件应安装在挂车上，铰接列车的螺旋管线连接集成部件应安装在牵引车上。
7.2长度
7.2.1 牵引杆连接器后置的牵引车
牵引杆列车的螺旋管线的安装位置与长度应满足牵引杆中心线与牵引车纵轴的最大水平面夹角为75°的使用要求：
——当夹角小于60°，螺旋管线不应拉紧，且不与其他螺旋管线摩擦；
——当夹角为60°～75°时，应保持螺旋管线工作正常。
7.2.2 牵引杆连接器前下置的牵引车以及铰接列车
牵引杆列车和铰接列车的螺旋管线安装位置和长度应满足最大铰接角90°的使用要求，且应保持螺旋管线工作正常。
单位为塞米
a 对于电、气连接器安装位置为类型A(见图1)、B(见图2)和C(见图3)。
图5 电连接器的操作间隙空间
单位为毫米
a对于电、气连接器安装位置为类型(见图1)、B(见图2)和C(见图3)。
图6 掌式气制动连接器的操作间隙空间
