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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All technical contents of this part are compulsory. GB 6675 is a series of standards about safety of toys, including the following parts: ——Basic code (GB 6675.1); ——General requirements, including but not limited to mechanical and physical properties (GB 6675.2), flammability (GB 6675.3) and migration of certain elements (GB 6675.4); ——Specific requirements direct at certain products. This part, under the name of mechanical and physical properties (GB 6675.2) as one of general requirements of series standards about safety of toys, is used together with GB 6675.1, GB 6675.3, GB 6675.4 and GB 19865 (applicable to electric toys). This part is drafted according to the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part supersedes parts of GB 6675-2003 "National Safety Technical Code for Toys". This part has the following major changes by comparison with 4.1 and Appendix A of GB 6675-2003: ——Appendix A.A "Battery-operated Toy" in the former standard is deleted and other appendixes are renumbered; ——The noise requirements and test methods are listed in the text and some definitions are added; the information therein is changed greatly and the former Appendix A.F is deleted; ——Many modifications are made to the demarcation of age group, like "36 months or below" is changed into "under 36 months". ——The magnetic body-related definitions are added, reference to 4.5.8 "Hemispheric-shaped toys", 4.29 "Magnetic Body and Magnetic Component", 5.26 "Tension Test for Magnets", 5.27 "Magnetic Flux Index", 5.28 "Impact Test for Magnets", 5.29 "Soaking Test for Magnets", B.2.20 "Magnetic/Electrical experimental set intended for children of 8 years or over", Annex D "Gun Toy Marking", E.43 "Magnetic Body" etc.; ——A great modification is made to 4.8 "Projections", 4.10 "Plastic Film or Plastic Bags in Packaging and in Toys", 4.13.3 "Chains or belts in ride-on toys", 4.18.2 "Projectile toys with stored energy", 4.18.3 "Projectile toy without stored energy", 4.26 "Toy Roller Skates, Toy Inline Skates and Toy Skateboards", 5.10 "Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film and Sheeting" and 5.24.8 "Flexure Test". This part is redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 8124-1: 2000 "Safety of Toys - Part 1: Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties" and its amendments A1:2007 and A2:2007 and the amendment ISO 8124-1:2009/A2:2012. The technical differences between this part and ISO 8124-1: 2000 as well as their reasons are as follows: ——Adjustment in "Normative References" of this part has technical differences to meet the technical specification in China; the adjustment situations embodied a concentrated reflection in Chapter 2 "Normative References" and the specific adjustments are as follows: • ISO 6508-1:2005 is superseded by GB/T 230.1-2009, which is modified in relation to international standard; • ISO 868 is superseded by GB/T 2411, which is equivalent to the international standard; • ISO 4287 is superseded by GB/T 3505, which is equivalent to the international standard; • ISO 3746:1995 is superseded by GB/T 3768-1996, which is not equivalent to international standard; • IEC 61672-1:2002 is superseded by GB/T 3785.1-2010, which is equivalent to international standard; • IEC 61672-2:2003 is superseded by GB/T 3785.2-2010, which is equivalent to international standard; • ISO 4593 is superseded by GB/T 6672, which is equivalent to the international standard; • ISO 8098 is superseded by GB 14746, which is equivalent to international standard; • GB/T 17248.2, GB/T 17248.3, GB/T 17248.5, GB/T 26710 and GB/T 28022 are added; Note 1 is added in 4.10; ——5.10 is modified; ——5.24.2 is modified; The editorial change is made in this part: ——Correction A1:2007, A2:2007 and correction A2:2012 of ISO 8124-1:2009 are included. This part is proposed by China National Light Industry Council. This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Toy of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 253). Drafting organizations of this part: Toys Testing Lab of Inspection & Quarantine Technology Center of Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Certification Center of Light Industry Council, Guangdong Alpha Animation and Culture Co., Ltd., Huawei Technology Co., Ltd., Goodbaby Child Products Co., Ltd., Guangdong Qunxing Toys Joint-Stock Co., Ltd., Intertek Testing Services Shenzhen Ltd., SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Branch, Yangzhou Import & Export Toy Inspection Institute of China, Shanghai Import and Export Toys Inspection Center of China, Shenzhen Academy of Metrology & Quality Inspection, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Toy Inspection Technology Center Chief drafting staff of this part: Chen Yang, Li Junqi, Guo Xiangbin, Lao Yongjian, Liu Jiaxiong, Zhang Yanfen, Zhu Weixing, Wang Long, Ke Dengming, Liu Xin, Lei Zaiming, Lei Dahua, Yin Lijuan, Huang Yixian. The previous editions of the standards superseded by this part are as: ——GB 6675-1986 and GB 6675-2003. Introduction This part is modified in relation to ISO 8124-1: 2000 (including A1:2007 and A2:2007) and ISO 8124-1:2009 (A2:2012) in terms of technical contents. ISO 8124-1 is largely based upon existing standards in European Union (EN 71-1) and in the United States of America (ASTM F 963). Compliance with the requirements of this part will minimize potential hazards associated with toys resulting from their use in their intended play modes (normal use) as well as unintended play modes (reasonably foreseeable abuse). This part will not, nor is it intended to, eliminate parental responsibility in the appropriate selection of toys. In addition, this part will not eliminate the need for parental supervision in situations where children of various ages may have access to/use the same toy(s). Although Annexes A, B, C, D and E are for information purpose only, they are crucial for the correct interpretation of GB 6675.2. The safety of electric toys is described in GB 19865. When age indications are required for safety labelling purposes, they may be given in either months or years. Safety of Toys - Part 2: Mechanical and Physical Properties 玩具安全 第2部分：机械与物理性能 1 Scope The requirements in this part of GB 6675 apply to all toys, i.e. any product or material designed or clearly intended for use in play by children under 14 years of age. They are applicable to a toy as it is initially received by the consumer and, in addition, they apply after a toy is subjected to reasonably foreseeable conditions of normal use and abuse unless specifically noted otherwise. The requirements of this part specify acceptable criteria for structural characteristics of toys, such as shape, size, contour, spacing (e.g. rattles, small parts, sharp points and edges, and hinge-line clearances) as well as acceptable criteria for properties peculiar to certain categories of toy (e.g. maximum kinetic energy values for non-resilient-tipped projectiles and minimum tip angles for certain ride-on toys). This part specifies requirements and test methods for toys intended for use by children in various age groups from birth to 14 years. The requirements vary according to the age group for which a particular toy is intended. The requirements for a particular age group reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental and/or physical abilities of a child to cope with them. Note 1: See Appendix A "Age-grading Guidelines" and see GB/T 28022 for division of age groups in more details. This part also requires that appropriate warnings and/or instructions for use be given on certain toys or their packaging. The wording of these warnings and instructions is given as general information in Annex B. This part does not purport to cover or include every conceivable potential hazard of a particular toy or toy category. Except for labelling requirements indicating the functional hazards and the age range for which the toy is intended, this part has no requirements for those characteristics of toys which represent an inherent and recognized hazard which is integral to the function of the toy. Note 2: An example of such a hazard is the sharp point necessary for the proper function of a needle. The needle is a hazard which is well understood by the purchaser of a toy sewing kit, and the functional sharp-point hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational process of learning to sew as well as at the point of purchase by means of cautionary labelling on the product's packaging. Note 3: As a further example, a toy scooter has inherent and recognized hazards associated with its use (e.g. instability during use, especially whilst learning). The potential hazards associated with its structural characteristics (sharp edges, pinch hazards, etc.) will be minimized by compliance with the requirements of this part. Products not included within the scope of this part are: a) Bicycles, except for those considered to be toys, i.e. those having a maximum saddle height of 435 mm (see Clause E.1); b) Slingshots; c) Darts with metal points; d) Home and public playground equipment; e) Compressed air- and gas-operated guns and pistols (see Clause E.1); f) Kites (except for the electric resistance of their strings, which is included); g) Model kits, hobby and craft items, in which the finished item is not primarily of play value; h) Sporting goods and equipment, camping goods, athletic equipment, musical instruments and furniture; however, toys which are their counterparts are included. It is recognized that there is often a fine distinction between, for example a musical instrument or a sporting item and its toy counterpart. The intention of the manufacturer or distributor, as well as normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse, determines whether the item is a toy counterpart or not; i) Models of aircraft, rockets, boats and land vehicles powered by combustion engines; however, toys which are their counterparts are included (see Clause E.1); j) Collectible products not intended for children under 14 years of age; k) Holiday decorations that are primarily intended for ornamental purposes; l) Aquatic equipment intended to be used in deep water, swimming-learning devices and flotation aids for children such as swim-seats and swim-aids; m) Toys installed in public places (e.g. arcades and shopping centers); n) Puzzles having more than 500 pieces or without a picture, for specialists; o) Fireworks including percussion caps, except percussion caps specifically designed for toys; p) Products containing heating elements intended for use under the supervision of an adult in a teaching context; q) Steam engines; r) Video toys that can be connected to a video screen and operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24V; s) Babies' pacifiers (dummies); t) Faithful reproduction of firearms; u) Electric ovens, irons or other functional products operated at a nominal voltage greater than 24V; v) Bows for archery with an overall relaxed length exceeding 120cm; w) Fashion jewellery for children (see Clause E.1). 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this Document. For dated references, only the dated edition applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendment) applies. GB/T 230.1 Metallic Materials - Rockwell Hardness Test - Part 1: Test methods (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) (GB/T 230.1-2009, ISO 6508-1:2005, MOD) GB/T 2411 "Plastics and Ebonite - Determination of Indentation Hardness by Means of a Duronmeter (Shore Hardness)" (GB/T 2411-2008, ISO 868: 2003, IDT) GB/T 3505 "Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface Texture: Profile Method - Terms Definitions and Surface Texture Parameters"(GB/T 3505-2009, ISO 4287: 1997, IDT) GB/T 3768-1996 "Acoustics - Determination of Sound Power Levels of Noise Sources Using Sound Pressure - Survey Method Using an Enveloping Measurement Surface over a Reflecting Plane" (eqv ISO 3746: 1995) GB/T 3785.1-2010 "Electroacoustics - Sound Level Meters - Part 1: Specifications" (IEC 61672-1: 2002, IDT) GB/T 3785.2-2010 "Electroacoustics - Sound Level Meters - Part 2: Pattern Evaluation Tests" (IEC 61672-2: 2003, IDT) GB/T 6672 "Plastics Film and Sheeting - Determination of Thickness by Mechanical Scanning" (GB/T 6672-2001, idt ISO 4593: 1993) GB 14746 "Safety Requirements for Bicycles for Young Children" (GB/T 14746-2006, ISO 8098: 2002, IDT) GB/T 17248.2 "Acoustics - Noise Emitted by Machinery and Equipment - Measurement of Emission Sound Pressure Levels at a Work Station and at Other Specified Positions - Engineering Method in an Essentially Free Field Over a Reflecting Plane" (GB/T 17248.2-1999, eqv ISO 11201: 1995) GB/T 17248.3 "Acoustics - Noise Emitted by Machinery and Equipment - Measurement of Emission Sound Pressure Levels at a Work Station and at Other Specified Positions - Survey Method in Situ" (GB/T 17248.3-1999, eqv ISO 11202: 1995) GB/T 17248.5 "Acoustics - Noise Emitted by Machinery and Equipment - Measurement of Emission sound Pressure Levels at a Work Station and at Other Specified Positions - Method Requiring Environmental Corrections" (GB/T 17248.5-1999, eqv ISO 11204: 1995) GB/T 26710 "Safety of Toys – Graphical Symbol for Age Warning Labelling" GB/T 28022 "Age Determination Guidelines for Toys" 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Note: The requirements in this part of GB 6675 are applicable to certain age ranges. For interpretation of these age ranges, see Clause E.42 (age-break terminology). 3.1 Accessible (Part or component) area of the toy which can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of the accessibility probe as described in 5.7. 3.2 Aquatic toy Article, whether inflatable or not, intended to bear the mass of a child and used as an instrument of play in shallow water. Note: Bathroom toys and beach balls are not considered aquatic toys. 3.3 Ball Spherical, ovoid or ellipsoidal object designed or intended to be thrown, hit, kicked, rolled, dropped or bounced. Note 1: This definition includes balls attached to a toy or article by a string, elastic cord or similar tether and also any multi-sided object formed by connecting planes into, and any novelty item of, a generally spherical, ovoid or ellipsoidal shape designed or intended to be used as a ball. Note 2: This definition does not include dice, or balls permanently enclosed inside pinball machines, mazes or similar outer containers. A ball is permanently enclosed if, when tested according to 5.24 (reasonably foreseeable abuse), it is not removed from the outer container. 3.4 Backing Material adhering to flexible plastic sheeting. 3.5 Battery-operated toy Toy having at least one function dependent on electricity and powered by batteries. 3.6 Burr Roughness caused by not cleanly severing or finishing the material. 3.7 Collapse Sudden or unexpected folding of a structure. 3.8 Cord Length of slender, flexible material. Note: Doll hair is not considered a cord. Example: Monofilaments, woven and twisted cord, rope, plastic textile tapes, ribbon and those fibrous materials known as string. 3.9 Crushing Injury to part of the body resulting from compression between two rigid surfaces. 3.10 Discharge mechanism Inanimate system for releasing and propelling a projectile. 3.11 Driving mechanism Assembly of linked parts or components (e.g. gears, belts and winding mechanisms), at least one of which moves, powered by a source (e.g. electrical or mechanical means) independent of a child. 3.12 Edge Line, formed at the junction of two surfaces, whose length exceeds 2.0mm. 3.12.1 Curled edge Edge in which the portion of the sheet adjacent to the edge is bent into an arc and forms an angle of less than 90° with the base sheet. See Figure 1a). 3.12.2 Hemmed edge Edge in which the portion of the sheet adjacent to the edge is folded back on the sheet itself through an angle of approximately 180°, so that the portion of the sheet adjacent to the edge is approximately parallel to the main sheet. See Figure 1b). 3.12.3 Rolled edge Edge in which the portion of the sheet adjacent to the edge is bent into an arc and forms an angle between 90° and 120° with the main sheet. See Figure 1c). a) Rolled edge b) Hemmed (folded) edge c) Curled edge d) Typical lap joint Key, a——no limit. Figure 1 Edges 3.13 Expanding material Material whose volume expands when exposed to water. 3.14 Fastener Mechanical device which attaches two or more elements together. Example: Screws, rivets and staples. 3.15 Feathering Bevelling of an edge (or decrease in thickness moving toward the edge) caused during shearing or cutting of material. 3.16 Flash Excess material that escapes between the mating parts of a mould assembly. 3.17 Folding mechanism Hinged, pivoted, folding or sliding assembly which could crush, scissor, pinch or shear during operation. Example: Toy ironing boards, toy pushchairs. 3.18 Functional toy Toy which performs and is used in the same way as, and is often a scale model of, a certain product, appliance or installation intended for adults. Example: Stove with heating properties. 3.19 Fuzz Bits of fibrous-type material which can be readily removed from toys with a pile surface. 3.20 Glass Hard, brittle, amorphous substance produced by fusion, usually consisting of mutually dissolved silica and silicates which also contain soda and lime. 3.21 Harm Physical injury or damage to the health of people or damage to property or the environment. 3.22 Hazard Potential source of harm. Note: The term "hazard" can be qualified in order to define its origin or the nature of the expected harm (i.e. electric shock hazard, crushing hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard, fire hazard or drowning hazard). 3.23 Hazardous projection Projection that, because of its material or configuration or both, may present a puncture hazard should a child step on or fall onto it. Note 1: Excluded from this definition are puncture hazards to the eyes and/or mouth, because of the impossibility of eliminating puncture hazards to those areas of the body by product design. Note 2: If the projection is on a small toy which topples over when pressure is applied to the end of the projection, it is unlikely to present a hazard. 3.24 Hazardous sharp edge Accessible edge of a toy which presents an unreasonable risk of injury during normal use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. 3.25 Hazardous sharp point Accessible point of a toy which presents an unreasonable risk of injury during normal use or reasonably foreseeable abuse. 3.26 Hinge-line clearance Distance between the stationary portion of a toy and the movable portion along or adjacent to a line projected through the axis of rotation. See Figure 2. Key A——hinge-line clearance between assembled edges; 1——hinge line; 2——lid; 3——box. Figure 2 Hinge-Line Clearance 3.27 Intended use Use of a product, process or service in accordance with information provided by the supplier. 3.28 Lap joint Joint in which an edge overlaps a parallel surface but is not necessarily mechanically attached to it at all points along the length. See Figure 1d). 3.29 Large and bulky toy Toy that has a projected base area of more than 0.26m2 or a volume of more than 0.08m3 calculated without regard to minor appendages. Note: The base area for toys having permanently attached legs is measured by calculating the area enclosed by straight lines connecting the outermost edge of each leg of the perimeter. 3.30 Marble Sphere made of hard material, such as glass, agate, marble or plastic, which is used in various children's games, generally as a playing piece or marker. 3.31 Metal Material comprising elemental metal and/or metal alloys. 3.32 Normal use Play modes that conform to the instructions which accompany the toy, and which have been established by tradition or custom, or which are evident from an examination of the toy. 3.33 Packaging Material accompanying the toy when purchased, but having no intended play function. 3.34 Paper Material, marketed as either paper or paperboard, with a maximum mass per unit area of 400g/m2. 3.35 Play furniture Furniture intended for use by a child and intended to, or likely to, support the mass of a child. 3.36 Pompom Lengths or strands of fibre, yarn or thread clamped or secured and tied in the center, and brushed up to form a spherical shape. Note 1: This definition includes spherical-shaped attachments made of stuffed materials (see Figure 3). Note 2: Tassels with long strands are not considered pompoms (see Figure 4). Figure 3 Regular and Rounded Pompoms Figure 4 Tassel with Long Strands 3.37 Projectile Object intended to be launched into free flight, or a trajectory, in the air. 3.38 Projectile toy with stored energy Toy with a projectile propelled by means of a discharge mechanism capable of storing and releasing energy. 3.39 Projectile toy without stored energy Projectile discharged by the energy imparted by a child. 3.40 Protective cap，protective cover or protective tip Component that is attached to a potentially hazardous edge or projection to reduce the risk of injury. 3.41 Pull toy Toy that is intended to be pulled along the floor or ground. Note: Toys intended for children aged 36 months and over are not regarded as pull toys. 3.42 Reasonably foreseeable abuse Use of a toy under conditions or for purposes not intended by the supplier, but which can happen, induced by the toy in combination with, or as a result of, common behavior in a child. Example: Deliberate disassembly, dropping or use of a toy for a purpose for which it was not intended. Note: Tests simulating reasonably foreseeable abuse are given in 5.24. 3.43 Removable component Part or component that is intended to be removed from the toy without the use of tools. 3.44 Rigidity Hardness of material exceeding 70 Shore A, measured in accordance with GB/T 2411. 3.45 Risk Combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm. 3.46 Simulated protective equipment Toys designed to mimic products which infer some sort of physical protection to the wearer. Example: Protective helmets and visors. 3.47 Soft-filled toy; stuffed toy Toy, clothed or unclothed, with soft body surfaces and filled with soft materials, allowing easy compression of the torso by hand. 3.48 Splinter Sharp pointed fragment. 3.49 Springs 3.49.1 Helical spring Spring in the form of a coil. See Figure 5. 3.49.1.1 Compression spring Helical spring which essentially returns to its initial state after compression. 3.49.1.2 Extension spring Helical spring which essentially returns to its initial state after tension. 3.49.2 Spiral spring Clockwork-type spring. See Figure 6. Figure 5 Helical Spring Figure 6 Spiral Spring 3.50 Tether Toy designed for oral use and intended primarily for symptomatic relief of teething discomfort. 3.51 Tool Screwdriver, coin or other object which may be used to operate a screw, clip or similar fixing device. 3.52 Toy Any product or material designed or clearly intended for use in play by children less than 14 years of age. 3.53 Toy bicycle Two-wheeled vehicle, with or without stabilizers, with a maximum saddle height of 435 mm and which is propelled solely by the muscular energy of a child on that vehicle, in particular by means of pedals. 3.54 Toy chest Container with a hinged lid enclosing a volume greater than 0.03m3, specifically designed for storing toys. 3.55 Resilient material Any material having a hardness value of less than 70 Shore A, measured in accordance with GB/T 2411. 3.56 Squeeze toy Hand-held pliable toy, usually incorporating a noise-making feature activated by forcing air through an opening when flexed or squeezed and which usually recovers its original shape when released. 3.57 Close-to-the-ear toy Toy that is intended to be used close to the ear, i.e. the sound-emitting part of such a toy is normally put against the ear of a child. Example: Toy cellphones or toy telephones that emit sounds from the handpiece. 3.58 Continuous sound Any steady-state sound or group of variable sounds greater than one second in duration. 3.59 C-weighted peak sound pressure level LpCpeak Peak sound pressure level obtained when using standardized C-weighting. 3.60 A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level LpAeq Steady-state sound level having the same A-weighted sound energy as sound varying with time within a specified time and at designated position. 3.61 Explosive action Sudden release of energy characterized by the rapid expansion or bursting of a material. 3.62 Hand-held toy Toy that is intended to be used or operated while being held in the hand. Example: Toy tools, small electronic games, stuffed animals, dolls, musical toys and cap-firing toys. 3.63 Impulsive sound Sound that is characterized by a brief excursion of sound pressure significantly exceeding the ambient noise, typically less than one second in duration. 3.64 Maximum A-weighted sound pressure level LpAmax Maximum sound pressure level obtained when using standardized A-weighting and fast response (time weighting). 3.65 Rattle Toy that is clearly designed to emit sound when shaken, typically intended for children who are too young to sit up unaided. 3.66 Table-top, floor and crib toy Toys intended to be played with while attached to or resting on a table top, floor or crib. Example: Toy vehicles, stacking toy, large heavy toy, game appliance and movable toy attached to the crib enclosure. 3.67 Functional magnet in electrical or electronic components of toys Magnet provided in motor, relay, horn and other electrical or electronic components necessary for the proper function of them, but its magnetic property is not intended for play. 3.68 Magnetic component Any toy component, connected with magnet and, completely or partially, enclosing the magnet. 3.69 Magnetic/electrical experimental set Toy, containing one or more magnets, is intended for the educational electromagnetics experiment. 4 Requirements 4.1 Normal Use (see E.2) Toys shall be tested to simulate reasonably foreseeable normal use in order to ensure that hazards are not generated as a result of normal wear and/or deterioration (see Clause E.2 for guidance). Toys labelled as washable shall be subjected to washing in accordance with 5.23 (preprocessing of washable toys). After testing, the toy shall continue to conform to the relevant requirements of Clause 4. Foreword I 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Requirements 4.1 Normal Use (see E.2) 4.2 Reasonably Foreseeable Abuse (See Clause E.3) 4.3 Materials 4.4 Small Parts (See Clause E.6) 4.5 Shape, Size and Strength of Certain Toys (See Clause E.7) 4.6 Edge (See Clause E.11) 4.7 Points (See Clause E.12) 4.8 Projections (See Clause E.13) 4.9 Metal Wires and Rods (See Clause E.14) 4.10 Plastic Film Or Plastic Bags In Packaging And In Toys (See Clause E.15) 4.11 Cords and Elastics (See Clause E.16) 4.12 Folding Mechanisms 4.13 Holes, Clearances and Accessibility of Mechanisms 4.14 Springs (See Clause E.25) 4.15 Stability and Overload Requirements 4.17 Simulated Protective Equipment, Such as Helmets, Hats and Goggles (See Clause E.31) 4.18 Projectile Toys (See Clause E.32) 4.19 Aquatic Toys (See Clause E.33) 4.20 Braking (See Clause E.34) 4.21 Toy Bicycles (See 4.13.3 and Clause E.35) 4.22 Speed Limitation of Electrically Driven Ride-on Toys (See Clause E.36) 4.23 Toys Containing a Heat Source 4.24 Liquid-filled Toys (See Clause E.37) 4.25 Mouth-actuated Toys (See Clause E.38) 4.26 Toy Roller Skates, Toy Inline Skates and Toy Skateboards 4.27 Percussion Caps (See Clause E.39) 4.28 Acoustic Requirements (See Clause E.41) 4.29 Magnetic Body And Magnetic Component (See Clause E.43) 5 Test Methods 5.1 General 5.2 Small Parts Test (See 4.3.2, 4.4, 4.18.2 and 4.25) 5.3 Test for Shape and Size of Certain Toys (See 4.5.1) 5.4 Small Balls Test (See 4.5.2.) 5.5 Test for Pompoms (See 4.5.3) 5.6 Test for Pre-school Play Figures (See 4.5.4) 5.7 Accessibility of A Part or Component (See 4.6, 4.7, 4.13 and 4.14.) 5.8 Sharp-edge Test (See 4.6 and 4.9) 5.9 Sharp-point Test (See 4.7 and 4.9) 5.10 Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film and Sheeting (See 4.10) 5.11 Test for Cords 5.12 Stability and Overload Tests (See 4.15) 5.13 Test for Closures and Toy Chest Lids (See 4.16.2) 5.14 Impact test for toys that cover the face (See 4.17) 5.15 Kinetic Energy of Projectiles, Bows and Arrows (See 4.18) 5.16 Free-wheeling Facility and Brake Performance Test 5.17 Determination of Speed of Electrically Driven Ride-on Toys (See 4.22) 5.18 Determination of Temperature Increases (See 4.23) 5.19 Leakage of Liquid-filled Toys (See 4.24) 5.20 Durability of Mouth-actuated Toys (See 4.25) 5.21 Expanding Materials (See 4.3.2) 5.22 Folding or Sliding Mechanisms 5.23 Preprocessing of Washable Toys (See 4.1) 5.24 Reasonably Foreseeable Abuse Test (see 4.2) 5.25 Determination of Sound Pressure Levels(see 4.28) 5.26 Tension Test for Magnets 5.27 Magnetic Flux Index 5.28 Impact Test for Magnets 5.29 Soaking Test for Magnets Annex A (Informative) Age-grading Guidelines Annex B (Informative) Safety-labeling Guidelines and Manufacturer's Markings Annex C (Informative) Design Guidelines for Toys Attached to Cribs or Playpens Annex D (informative) Toy Gun Marking Annex E (Informative) Rationale Bibliography 玩具安全 第2部分：机械与物理性能 1 范围 GB 6675的本部分适用于所有玩具，即设计用于或预定用于14岁以下儿童玩耍的任何产品或材料。本部分适用于消费者首次得到的玩具，也适用于通过合理的、可预见的正常使用和滥用测试后的玩具，除非另有特殊声明。 本部分规定了可接受的玩具结构特征的要求，包括形状、尺寸、轮廓、间隙（如摇铃玩具、小零件、锐利尖端、锐利边缘、铰链等)及某些玩具性能的参数要求（非弹性头弹射物的最大动能、某些乘骑玩具的最小倾倒角等）。 本部分规定了从新生婴儿至14岁儿童使用的不同年龄组玩具的要求及测试方法。这些要求随玩具所对应不同年龄组而不同。特定年龄组儿童使用的玩具的要求是根据危险的特性及儿童应对的智力和体力而制定的。 注1：参见附录A玩具年龄分组指南，更详细年龄段划分参见GB/T 28022。 本部分要求在某些玩具本体或其包装上有合适的警告内容和/或使用说明。警告及使用说明的基本内容在附录B中列出。 本部分不能全部覆盖各类玩具或特定玩具可能存在的全部潜在危险。除了要求标示功能性危险及玩具所适用的年龄范围外，本部分未对存在为众所周知的明显危险的功能性玩具提出警示说明的要求。 注2：这种明显危险的例子是针的正常功能所必需的锐利尖端。玩具缝纫套装的购买者很清楚针的危险，使用者在学习缝纫的一般性教育过程中会了解到功能性锐利尖端的危险，而购买时通过产品包装上的警示说明也可了解。 注3：玩具滑板车在使用方面也有固有的已被认识的危险（如使用过程中的不稳定性，特别是对初学者）。符合本部分要求，会使与结构特性相关的潜在危险（锐利边缘、夹伤等)减少到最小程度。 下列产品不适用于本部分： a)自行车（除玩具自行车外），即鞍座最大高度大于435 mm的自行车（见E.1)； b)投石器/弹弓； c)带有金属尖头的飞镖或标枪； d)家庭及公共场所的户外游戏场地设备； e)气压和气动气枪和气手枪(见E.1)； f)风筝(但本部分包括风筝线的线电阻要求）； g)最终成品主要不具有玩耍价值的模型、业余消遣品或工艺品； h)体育用品和设备、野营用品、运动设备、乐器和家具，但不包括其玩具仿制品； 通常来说，玩具仿制品与这类用品间存在明显的区别，例如：乐器或运动器材与其玩具仿制品存在明显的差别，生产者或销售商的意图、正常使用和可预见的合理滥用决定其是否为玩具仿制品； i)内燃机驱动的飞机、火箭、船只、车辆模型，但不包括其玩具仿制品（见E.1)； j)不是为14岁以下儿童设计的收藏品； k)节假日装饰品； l)预定用于深水中的水上器材、游泳学习用器具和如游泳垫和游泳辅助器等供儿童助浮用的水上器具； m)安装于公共场所（如街道和商场）的玩具； n)由500个以上拼块或不带样图的供专门人士使用的拼图； o)烟花爆竹，包括火药帽（但玩具专用火药帽除外）； P)在成人监管下供教学使用的含有加热元件的产品； q)蒸汽机； r)额定电压超过24V的可与影像屏幕连接的视频玩具； s)婴儿奶嘴； t)仿真武器； u)额定电压超过24V的电烘箱、电熨斗或其他功能性产品； v)弓弦的最大松弛长度大于120cm的弓箭装置； w)儿童用饰物（见E.1)。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 230.1 金属材料洛氏硬度试验第1部分：试验方法（A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、K、N、T标尺）（GB/T 230.1—2009，ISO 6508-1:2005，MOD) GB/T 2411 塑料和硬橡胶使用硬度计测定压痕硬度（邵氏硬度）（GB/T 2411—2008，ISO868：2003，IDT) GB/T 3505 产品几何技术规范（GPS) 表面结构 轮廓法 术语、定义及表面结构参数(GB/T 3505—2009，ISO 4287:1997，IDT) GB/T 3768—1996 声学 声压法测定噪声源声功率级 反射面上方采用包络测量表面的简易法(eqv ISO 3746:1995) GB/T 3785.1—2010 电声学 声级计 第1部分：规范（IEC 61672-1:2002，IDT) GB/T 3785.2—2010 电声学 声级计 第2部分：型式评价试验（IEC 61672-2:2003，IDT) GB/T 6672 塑料薄膜和薄片厚度测定 机械测量法（GB/T 6672—2001，idt ISO 4593:1993) GB 14746 儿童自行车安全要求（GB/T 14746—2006，ISO 8098:2002，IDT) GB/T 17248.2 声学 机器和设备发射的噪声 工作位置和其他指定位置发射声压级的测量一个反射面上方近似自由场的工程法（GB/T 17248.2—1999，eqv ISO 11201:1995) GB/T 17248.3 声学 机器和设备发射的噪声 工作位置和其他指定位置发射声压级的测量现场简易法（GB/T 17248.3—1999，eqv ISO 11202:1995) GB/T 17248.5 声学 机器和设备发射的噪声 工作位置和其他指定位置发射声压级的测量环境修正法（GB/T 17248.5—1999，eqv ISO 11204:1995) GB/T 26710 玩具安全 年龄警告图标 GB/T 28022 玩具适用年龄判定指南 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 注：在GB 6675本部分中的要求适用于某几个年龄段。对这些年龄段的解释，请见E.42（年龄段划分术语）。 3.1 可触及性 accessible 玩具部件或零件能被5.7中描述的可触及探头轴肩之前的任何部分所接触到。 3.2 水上玩具 aquatic toy 充气或不可充气的，能承载儿童体重并在浅水中游乐用的器具。 注：浴室玩具和沙滩球不被视为水上玩具。 3.3 球 ball 设计或预定用来抛、拍、踢、滚、投掷或弹跳的球形、橄榄形、椭圆形的物体。 注1：本定义包括用绳、弹性绳或类似的绳系在玩具或物体上的球和任何以平面相连的多面体、球形、橄榄形、椭圆形、设计或预定用作球的新颖小巧的物体。 注2：本定义不包括骰子或永久封闭在弹球游戏机、迷宫或类似的容器中的球。如果按5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试）测试时，球不会从容器中脱出，则认为球被永久地封闭。 3.4 衬里 backing 贴在软塑料薄膜上的材料。 3.5 电池动力玩具 battery-operated toy 至少有一个功能依靠电池作动力的玩具。 3.6 毛刺burr 由于材料切割或加工得不平整而出现的粗糙部分。 3.7 倒塌 collapse 突然或意想不到的结构体折叠。 3.8 绳索 cord 一根细长的、柔软的材料。 注：玩偶的头发不视为绳索。 示例：单纤维丝、编织和搓捻的绳、粗绳、塑料纺织带、丝带及那些通常被称为线的纤维状材料。 3.9 夹伤 crushing 由于两个坚硬表面的挤压而导致的身体部分的伤害。 3.10 弹射机构 discharge mechanism 用以释放或发射物体的机构。 3.11 驱动装置 driving mechanism 玩具的连接组合机构（如齿轮、皮带、发条机构），至少有一个连接部件运动不依靠人力驱动（如电力或机械动力驱动）。 3.12 边缘 edge 两表面连接处形成的长度超过2.0mm的边线。 3.12.1 曲边 curled edge 将边缘部分弯曲成弧状，且与基本面形成小于90°的夹角。 见图la)。 3.12.2 折边 hemmed edge 将边缘部分折叠，其夹角接近180°，使折叠部分与主平面之间接近平行。 见图lb)。 3.12.3 卷边 rolled edge 将边缘部分弯曲成弧状，且与主平面形成90°～120°的夹角。 见图1c） a)曲边 b)折边 c)卷边 d)典型搭接 说明： a——无限制。 图1 边缘 3.13 膨胀材料 expanding material 与水接触后体积发生膨胀的物质。 3.14 紧固件 fastener 将玩具的两个或更多部件连接在一起的机械装置。 示例：螺丝、铆钉、订书钉。 3.15 切边 feathering 材料在剪切或切割过程中形成的斜薄边（或厚度由中间向一边逐渐减小）。 3.16 溢边 flash 在模具的配合部件间溢出的材料。 3.17 折叠机构 folding mechanism 以铰接或旋轴连接，在操作时会产生挤压、剪切作用的折叠或滑动机构。 示例：玩具烫衣板、玩具婴儿推车。 3.18 功能性玩具 functional toy 这类玩具通常是与成人使用的某些产品、器具或设备具有相同的功能和使用方式的比例模型。 示例：加热炉。 3.19 域毛 fuzz 毛绒玩具表面上的易于脱落的纤维状材料。 3.20 玻璃 glass 通过熔解产生的硬质、脆的、非结晶物质，通常是用硅土与含有苏打和石灰的硅酸盐互相熔解制成。 3.21 伤害 harm 物理损伤或对人体健康的危害，或对财产或环境的破坏。 3.22 危险 hazard 潜在的伤害源。 注：术语“危险”可被定义为可预见的伤害的原因或性质（如电击危险、折叠夹持危险、剪切危险、中毒危险、火灾危险、淹没危险）。 3.23 危险突出物 hazardous projection 这种突出物由于材料和/或构造，使得儿童踩踏或跌落其上时可能产生刺伤危险。 注1：对眼和/或口的刺伤危险不包括在内，因为不可能通过产品的设计完全消除对身体的这些部分的刺伤危险。 注2：如果对小玩具上的突出物的末端施加压力时，小玩具就倾倒，则认为该突出物不太可能产生危险。 3.24 危险锐利边缘 hazardous sharp edge 在正常使用和可预见的合理滥用过程中，可能产生不合理伤害的玩具可触及边缘。 3.25 危险锐利尖端 hazardous sharp point 在正常使用和可预见的合理滥用过程中，可能产生不合理伤害的玩具可触及尖端。 3.26 铰链线间隙 hinge-line clearance 在玩具的固定部分与沿着或通过旋转轴线的活动部分之间的间隙。见图2。 说明： A——铰链线间隙； 1——铰链； 2——盖子； 3——盒子。 图2 铰链线的间隙 3.27 预期使用 intended use 按照供应商提供的信息来使用产品、程序或服务。 3.28 搭接 lap joint 一条边与一个平行表面重叠的接合处，但整个重叠长度上不必所有的点都与平面接触。 见图Id)。 3.29 大型玩具 large and bulky toy 基座投影面积超过0.26m2或体积超过0.08m3(不计小型附属物）的玩具。 注：装有固定腿的玩具的基座面积是由连接周边上每条腿的最外边所得直线围成的面积。 3.30 弹珠 marble 由硬质材料（如：玻璃、玛瑙、石头、塑料）制成的球。这些球被用在儿童游戏中，一般用做游戏部件或做标记用。 3.31 金属 metal 包含单一金属或合金的材料。 3.32 正常使用 normal use 按随玩具所附的操作说明，或按传统或习惯进行的、或显而易见的玩具玩耍方式。 3.33 包装 packaging 购买玩具时的附属物，但不具玩耍功能。 3.34 纸张 paper 作为纸或纸板销售的、单位面积质量不超过400g/m2的材料。 3.35 玩具家具 play furniture 预定给儿童使用，并预定或有可能承载儿童体重的家具。 3.36 毛球 pompom 长的或多股纤维、绳线以中心缠绕，并梳理形成一个球状物。 注1：此定义包括内有填充材料的球形附件（见图3)。 注2：由多股线制成的缨不视为毛球（见图4)。 图3规则的圆毛球 图4 多股线制成的缨 3.37 弹射物 projectile 预定被发射到空中作自由飞行或弹道飞行的物体。 3.38 蓄能弹射玩具 projectile toy with stored energy 通过可贮存和释放能量的弹射机构发射弹射物的玩具。 3.39 非蓄能弹射玩具 projectile toy without stored energy 由儿童给予的能量发射弹射物的玩具。 3.40 保护帽、保护盖或保护端部 protective cap，protective cover or protective tip 附着于潜在危险边缘或突出物以减少伤害危险的部件。 3.41 拖拉玩具 pull toy 在地板或地面上拖拉的玩具。 注：给36个月及以上儿童使用的玩具不视为拖拉玩具。 3.42 可预见的合理滥用 reasonably foreseeable abuse 在非供应商推荐的条件下，或不按供应商推荐的用途来使用玩具，但又有可能发生的情况；这是由玩具与儿童的正常行为共同作用产生的，或仅由儿童的正常行为产生。 示例：故意拆卸、跌落或用非推荐方法使用玩具。 注：模拟可预见的合理滥用的测试见5.24。 3.43 可拆卸部件 removable component 玩具上预定不用工具就能拆卸的零件或部件。 3.44 刚度 rigidity 按GB/T 2411测试时，材料的邵尔A硬度超过70。 3.45 风险 risk 伤害发生的可能性和严重性的总和。 3.46 仿制防护玩具 simulated protective equipment 设计给配戴者用作模拟保护身体的玩具。 示例：保护头盔、玩具护目镜。 3.47 软体填充玩具 soft-filled toy；stuffed toy 有衣物或无衣物、用软性材料填充、身体柔软、可用手随意地挤压玩具主体部位的玩具。 3.48 锐利碎片 splinter 有锐利尖端的碎片。 3.49 弹簧 springs 3.49.1 螺旋弹簧 helicalspring 具有线圈形状的弹簧。 见图5。 3.49.1.1 压缩弹簧 compression spring 压缩以后基本能恢复到原状的螺旋弹簧。 3.49.1.2 拉伸弹簧 extension spring 拉伸以后基本能恢复到原状的螺旋弹簧。 3.49.2 盘簧 spiral spring 发条式的弹簧。 见图6 图5螺旋弹簧 图6盘簧 3.50 出牙器 teether 主要用于减轻儿童出牙时不适症状的口用玩具。 3.51 工具 tool 螺丝刀、硬币等其他能用来打开螺丝、夹子或类似固定件的物体。 3.52 玩具 toy 设计或明显地预定给14岁以下儿童玩耍的产品或材料。 3.53 玩具自行车 toy bicycle 带或不带稳定装置的、鞍座高度小于或等于435mm，仅以骑车人的人力特别是借助于脚踏板来驱动的两轮车。 3.54 玩具箱 toy chest 封闭体积大于0.03m3，预定设计用于储存玩具的有铰链盖的容器。 3.55 弹性材料 resilient material 按GB/T 2411测试时邵尔A硬度小于70的材料。 3.56 挤压玩具 squeeze toy 手持式柔软玩具，通常带有发声功能，当扭曲或挤压玩具迫使空气通过开孔时产生声音，松开后玩具通常能恢复原状。 3.57 近耳玩具 close-to-the-ear toy 供靠近耳朵使用的玩具，即这类玩具的发声部分通常放在儿童的耳朵旁。 示例：从听筒发声的玩具手机或者玩具电话。 3.58 连续声音 continuous sound 稳态声音或持续时间超过1s的一组变化的声音。 3.59 C计权峰值声压级 C-weighted peak sound pressure level LpCpeak 使用标准化的C计权获得的峰值声压级。 3.60 A计权等效声压级 A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level LpAeq 在指定时间阶段内及在指定位置，具有与随时间变化的声音相同的A计权声音能量的稳态声音水平级。 3.61 爆炸功能 explosive action 能量的瞬间释放，其特征是快速膨胀或材料的突然爆裂。 3.62 手持玩具 hand-held toy 供握于手中使用或操作的玩具。 示例：玩具工具、小型电子游戏用品、填充动物、娃娃、音乐玩具、击发火药帽的玩具。 3.63 脉冲声音 impulsive sound 以明显超过环境噪声的短暂的声压偏移为特征的声音，典型的脉冲声音的持续时间小于1s。 3.64 最大A计权声压级 maximum A-weighted sound pressure level LpAmax 使用标准化A计权和快速响应（时间计权)测得的最大声压级。 3.65 摇铃 rattle 明显设计为摇动时发出声音的玩具，供年龄太小以致在无人帮助下不能坐立的儿童用的。 3.66 桌面、地板和童床玩具 table-top，floor and crib toy 供连接在或放在桌面、地板或童床内玩耍的玩具。 示例：玩具车、堆垛玩具、大型笨重玩具、游戏用品和连接到童床围栏的活动玩具。 3.67 玩具电子电气元件中的功能性磁体 functional magnet in electrical or electronic components of toys 玩具的电机、继电器、喇叭和其他电子电气元件中为实现其功能所必需的磁体，其本身的磁性能不具备玩耍价值。 3.68 磁性部件 magnetic component 任何与磁体相连，完全地或部分地包裹着磁体的玩具部件。 3.69 磁/电性能实验装置 magnetic/electrical experimental set 含有一个或多个磁体，用于与电磁学相关教学实验的玩具。 4 技术要求 4.1 正常使用（见E.2) 玩具应在可预见的正常使用状态下进行测试，以保证在玩具正常耗损的情况下，仍不会出现危险(见E.2)。 标明可洗涤的玩具应按5.23(可洗涤玩具的预处理)进行洗涤预处理。 玩具在测试前和测试后，均应满足第4章的相关要求。 4.2 可预见的合理滥用（见E.3) 玩具在经过5.1〜5.23相关正常使用测试后，如无特别说明，对于预定供96个月以下儿童使用的玩具，应按5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试)进行滥用测试（见E.3)。 玩具在测试前和测试后，均应满足第4章的相关要求。 4.3 材料 4.3.1 材料质量（见E.4) 所有材料目视检查应清洁干净，无污染。材料的检查应通过经正常矫正后的视力目视检查而非放大检查。 4.3.2 膨胀材料(见E.5) 按5.2(小零件测试)测试能完全容入小零件试验器的玩具或玩具部件，按5.21(膨胀材料测试)测试时，任何部分膨胀不应超过原尺寸的50%。 本条不适用于玩具种植箱内的种子。 4.4 小零件（见E.6) 4.4.1 36个月以下儿童使用的玩具 预定供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具及其可拆卸部件，按5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试）测试后脱落的部件，按5.2(小零件测试)测试时均不应完全容入小零件试验器。 本条也适用于玩具碎片，包括但不限于溢边、塑料碎片、泡沫材料碎片等。 本条不适用于下列玩具或玩具部件： •书籍或其他用纸或纸片做成的物品； •书写工具(如蜡笔、粉笔、铅笔及钢笔）； •造型黏土或类似物品； •指画颜料、水彩、套装颜料及画刷； •绒毛； •气球； •纺织物； •纱线； •橡皮筋。 •本身不是小零件的音频和/或视频光盘。 供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具分类指南见A.4.2。 4.4.2 36个月及以上但不足72个月儿童使用的玩具 预定供36个月及以上但不足72个月儿童使用的玩具或其可拆卸部件如能容入5.2(小零件测试）测试要求的小零件试验器，应设警示说明（见B.2.3，E.6)。 4.5 某些特定玩具的形状、尺寸及强度（见E.7) 4.5.1 挤压玩具、摇铃及类似玩具 本条a)和b)适用于下列玩具(软体填充玩具、玩具的软体填充部分、纺织物部分不适用）： •供18个月以下儿童使用的挤压玩具； •摇铃玩具； •出牙器及出牙玩具； •儿童健身器的支脚。 也适用于下列供无人帮助下不能独立坐起的幼小婴儿使用的质量小于0.5kg的玩具： •供横越童床、游戏围栏和婴儿车串起来的玩具的可拆卸部件； •婴儿健身器上的可拆卸部件。 a)该类玩具应设计成在进行5.3测试时，任何部分都不能突出于测试模板A的底部； b)对于带有球形，半球形或有圆形端部的玩具，应设计成在进行5.3测试时，这些端部不应突出于补充测试模板B的底部。 4.5.2 小球 小球是指经5.4(小球测试）测试后能完全通过小球测试器的任何球形物品。 a)供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具不应是小球或含有可拆卸的小球； b)供36个月及以上但不足96个月儿童使用的玩具如果是小球或含有可拆卸的小球，或经5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试)测试后脱出的小球，应设警示说明[见B.2.5a)]。 4.5.3 毛球（见E.8) 供36个月以下儿童使用的毛球在经过5.24.6.3(毛球拉力测试）测试后如被拉脱，按5.5(毛球测试)测试时，应不能完全通过毛球测试器。在毛球拉力或扭力测试中从毛球上脱落的任何部件、组块或独立丝束，不应进行5.5(毛球测试)测试。 4.5.4 学前玩偶（见E.9) 除纺织物做成的软体玩偶外，供36个月以下儿童使用的学前玩偶如果： a)头顶部是圆形、球形或半球形，由收窄的颈部连接圆筒形的无其他附件的躯干； b)总长度不超过64 mm(见图7)。 则其圆形端部应不能容入并穿透5.6(学前玩偶测试）的学前玩偶测试器的整个深度；该要求同样适用于附加或模塑有类似帽子或头发等部件而不影响端部为圆形的玩偶。 图7学前玩偶示例 4.5.5 玩具奶嘴 供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具奶嘴的奶头长度应不超过16mm，该长度是从奶头底部挡板到奶头最端部的距离。 注：真正的奶嘴应符合国家的相关规定。 4.5.6 气球[见4.10、4.25d)及E.10] 乳化橡胶制造的气球应设警示说明（见B.2.4)。 4.5.7 弹珠 玩具弹珠、含有可拆卸弹珠的玩具或经5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试）测试后可能脱出弹珠的玩具，其包装上应设警示说明[见B.2.5b)]。 4.5.8 半球形玩具（见E.40) 本要求适用于具有近似圆形、卵形或椭圆形开口的杯状、碗状或半蛋形的玩具，其开口内部的长轴与短轴都介于64mm和102mm之间，容积小于177mL，深度大于13mm，并供36个月以下儿童使用。 以下玩具免于本要求： •在适用于24个月及以上儿童的产品中供盛装液体的物品（例如罐子和盆子）； •必须具气密性以保持所装物体的功能完整的容器（例如造型黏土容器）； •经5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试)测试后仍为不可拆卸的较大产品的部件（例如：牢固地连接在玩具火车上的碗状烟囱，或在较大的场景类玩具中注塑成型的游泳池）； •取出玩具后即丢弃的零售包装容器。 杯状、碗状、半蛋形玩具应符合下述a)、b)、c)或者d)中至少一项的要求： a)玩具至少有两个开孔，当沿着外围轮廓测量时，这些开孔与玩具开口平面边缘的垂直距离至少为13mm。 •如果开孔位于物品的底部，至少有两个起码分开13mm的开孔；见图8a)； •如果开孔不是位于物品的底部，至少有两个分开至少30°但不超过150°的开孔；见图8b)。 b)杯子的开口端平面应在中央被一些类型的分隔物隔断，该分隔物距离杯子的开口端平面最多为6mm；分隔物隔断的例子为用一块肋板在开口端平面中央分隔，见图8c)。 c)有三个开孔，至少分开100°，沿着外围轮廓测量时与边缘的距离为6mm〜13mm之间。 d)整个边缘为重复的齿状。相邻的齿峰的中心线的最大距离应为25mm，且最小深度应为6mm。齿状边缘图案的例子见图8d)。 上述开孔的定义为最小尺寸为2mm的任何形状的孔洞。 按5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试)测试前和测试后都应符合本条款要求。 单位为毫米 a)碗底的开孔 b)开孔的分布 图8 半球形玩具的例子 单位为毫米 c)杯子中央的肋板 d)锯齿边缘图案 图8(续） 4.6 边缘（见E.11) 4.6.1 可触及的金属或玻璃边缘 a)供96个月以下儿童使用的玩具上的可触及金属或玻璃边缘在按5.8(锐利边缘测试）时不应是危险锐利边缘。 如果可触及边缘未通过5.8(锐利边缘测试）测试，则应结合使用年龄和可预见的使用，来评估该边缘是否存在不合理的伤害危险。 b)如果潜在的金属和玻璃锐利边缘紧贴在玩具表面，且与表面的间隙不超过0.5mm，则该边缘认为是不可触及的（例如：搭接和折叠边缘，见图1)。 c)电导体金属片、玩具显微镜的盖玻片和载玻片的边缘认为是功能性边缘，无须警示说明。 4.6.2 功能性锐利边缘 a)供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具不应有可触及的功能性危险锐利边缘。 b)供36个月及以上但不足96个月儿童使用的玩具(如玩具剪刀、玩具工具盒等）因功能必不可少时允许存在功能性锐利边缘，则应设警示说明，且不应存在其他非功能性锐利边缘(见B.2.12)。 4.6.3 金属玩具边缘 供96个月以下儿童使用的玩具的可触及金属边缘，包括孔和槽，不应含有危险的毛刺或斜薄边，或将金属边折叠、卷边或形成曲边（见图1)，或用永久保护件或涂层予以覆盖。 无论用何种方法处理边缘，均应通过5.8(锐利边缘测试)测试。 4.6.4 模塑玩具边缘 供96个月以下儿童使用的模塑玩具的可触及边缘、边角或分模线不应有危险的锐利的毛边或溢边，或加以保护使之不可触及。 4.6.5 外露螺栓或螺纹杆的边缘 螺栓或螺纹杆可触及的末端不应有外露的危险锐利边缘或毛刺，或其端部应有光滑的螺帽覆盖，使锐利的边缘和毛刺不可触及。任何保护性圆帽在经5.24(可预见的合理滥用测试）的跌落试验过程中不管是否与撞击面接触，还应通过5.24.7(压力测试）、5.24.5(扭力测试）和5.24.6.1(一般拉力测试)测试。 4.7 尖端(见E.12) 4.7.1 可触及的锐利尖端 a)供96个月以下儿童使用的玩具的可触及尖端按5.9(锐利尖端测试）测试不应是危险锐利尖端。 如果可触及尖端未通过5.9(锐利尖端测试）测试，则应结合使用年龄和可预见的使用，来评估该尖端是否存在不合理的伤害危险。 铅笔及类似绘图工具的书写尖端不视为危险锐利尖端。 b)如果潜在的锐利尖端紧贴在玩具表面，且与表面的间隙不超过0.5mm，则该尖端认为是不可触及的。 c)供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具的尖端的最大横截面直径小于或等于1mm，在进行5.9(锐利尖端测试)测试时，可能不是锐利尖端，但被视为潜在危险尖端，则应结合使用年龄和可预见的使用，来评估该尖端是否会产生伤害危险。 4.7.2 功能性锐利尖端 a)供36个月以下儿童使用的玩具不应有可触及的功能性锐利尖端； b)供36个月及以上但不足96个月儿童使用的玩具因功能（如玩具缝纫机的针）必不可少时允许存在功能性锐利尖端，但应设警示说明，且不应存在其他非功能性锐利尖端(见B.2.12)。 4.7.3 木制玩具 玩具中木制部分的可触及表面和边缘不应有木刺。 4.8 突出部件(见E.13) 4.8.1 突出物 这些要求的目的是将儿童跌落在刚性突出物——如无保护的轴端、操纵杆和装饰物上而可能产生的皮肤刺伤危险降至最低。 如果突出物对皮肤存在潜在的刺破危险，应该用适当的方式加以保护，例如把金属丝末端折弯，或者装上表面光滑的保护帽或盖，以有效地增加可能会与皮肤接触的表面积。经5.24(合理的可预见滥用测试)后，保护帽或者盖不应从玩具上分离。 供重复组装和拆卸的玩具，应对其独立部件和根据包装图纸、说明书或其他广告资料组装好的玩具分别进行评估。 上述对组装玩具的要求不适用于组装过程本身构成了玩具玩耍价值的重要部分的玩具。 由于本要求与儿童跌倒在玩具上而引起的危险有关，只有垂直的或近乎垂直的突出物才需评估。应以最不利的位置对玩具进行测试。玩具构造物的角不包括在内。 4.8.2 把手和其他类似的管子 把手端部应装有扩大的手把套。其他类似管件的末端应该装有端塞或者以其他保护方式加以保护。手把套和其他保护件在70N的拉力下不应分离。 4.9 金属丝和杆件（见E.14) 用于玩具中起增加刚性或固定外形的金属丝或其他金属材料，如用一定的外力可弯曲60°角，按5.24.8(挠曲测试)测试时不应断裂而产生危险锐利尖端、锐利边缘或突出物危险。 玩具伞伞骨的末端应加以保护，如按5.24.6.4(保护件拉力测试）测试时，保护件被拉脱，则按5.8(锐利边缘测试）和5.9(锐利尖端测试)测试时，伞骨末端不应有锐利边缘和锐利尖端；或者此外，如果保护件在拉力测试时测试被拉脱，则伞骨最小的直径应为2mm，而且末端应修整圆滑、无毛刺。 4.10 用于包装或玩具中的塑料袋或塑料薄膜（见E.15) 本要求不适用于收缩薄膜，它们一般用作外包装，通常当包装打开时薄膜会被破坏。 用于玩具中的无衬里的软塑料薄膜或软塑料袋，如果其外形最小尺寸大于100mm，应符合以下要求中的一条： 注1:外形最小尺寸即该形状的最大内切圆的直径。 a)进行5.10(塑料薄膜厚度测试)测试时，平均厚度大于或等于0.038mm，且每一次测得的厚度不应小于0.032mm。或者 b)应有界线清晰的孔（孔中的物质已被去掉），且在任意最大为30mm×30mm的面积上，孔的总面积至少占1%。 注2：通过以下方法可达到4.10b)中的要求：在边长为30mm的正方形格子里打一些直径为3.4mm的孔，并且使相邻两孔的中心的垂直和水平距离为22.9mm或者更小[3.4mm孔的面积比9mm2大，即孔的面积大于900mm2(30mm×30mm)的1%]。 对于塑料气球，厚度要求适用于双层塑料膜（即在气球未充气或未被破坏的状态下测量厚度）。 单位为毫米 图9 穿孔图案示例 4.11 绳索和弹性绳(见E.16) 4.11.1 18个月以下儿童使用的玩具上的绳索和弹性绳 玩具中含有或系有的绳索/弹性绳如果能缠绕形成活套或固定环，当施以（25±2)N的拉力测量绳索/弹性绳时，其自由长度应小于220mm。 绳索/弹性绳或多段绳/弹性绳如果能与玩具的任一部分(包括绳索/弹性绳末端的珠状物或者其他附着物）缠绕形成活套或固定环，当施以（25±2)N的拉力测量时，活套/固定环的周长应小于360mm。 按5.11.1(绳索厚度测试)测量时，玩具上的绳索/弹性绳的厚度（最小尺寸）应大于或等于1.5本要求不适用于带状物。 4.11.2 18个月以下儿童使用的玩具上的自回缩绳 按5.11.2(自回缩绳测试)测试时，自回缩绳驱动机构中可触及绳索的回缩长度不应超过6.4mm。 4.11.3 36个月以下儿童使用的拖拉玩具上的绳索或弹性绳 供36个月以下儿童使用的拖拉玩具上的绳索/弹性绳，若施以（25±2)N拉力后测量其长度大于220mm，则不可连有可能使其缠绕形成活套或固定环的珠状物或其他附件。 4.11.4 玩具袋上的绳索 用不透气材料制成的玩具袋的开口周长如果大于360mm，则不应用拉线或拉绳作为封口方式（见4.10)。 4.11.5 童床或游戏围栏上的悬挂玩具 连接于童床或游戏围栏上的悬挂玩具应设警示说明，提醒注意当婴儿开始用手和膝盖支撑向上时，若不移开悬挂玩具则会产生危险。说明书中还应有正确安装指导说明（见B.2.7、B.3.2和E.16)。 连接于童床或游戏围栏玩具的设计指南见附录C。 4.11.6 童床上的健身玩具及类似玩具 童床上的健身玩具，包括童床锻炼器具及其他横系在童床、游戏围栏或婴儿车上的类似玩具，应设安全警示，提醒注意当婴儿开始用手或膝盖支撑向上时，若不移开健身玩具会产生危险。说明书中还应有正确安装指导说明（见B.2.10和B.3.3)。 连接在童床或游戏围栏的玩具的设计指南见附录C。 4.11.7 飞行玩具的绳索、细绳或线 系在玩具风筝或其他飞行玩具上超过1.8m长的手持绳索、细绳或线，按5.11.3(绳的线电阻率测试)测量的线电阻应大于108Ω/cm。 玩具风筝和其他飞行玩具应设警示说明（见B.2.16)。 |
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