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This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces MH/T 1020－2013 Specification for transport of lithium batteries by air and has the following main technical changes with respect to MH/T 1020-2013:
——The definitions of "rated capacity", "nominal voltage" and "power bank” are added (see Sub-clauses 3.7, 3.8, 3.10);
——The definition of “single cell core” and “prototype sample lithium ion cell or battery” (Sub-clauses 3.3, 3.6 of 2013 Edition);
——Abbreviations are added (see Clause 4）;
——Prohibition transport restriction sub-clause in accordance with special provision A201 is added (see Sub-clause 5.4.1);
——Charge state restriction for separately transporting lithium-ion batteries is added (see Sub-clause 5.4.2);
——Sub-clause that lithium-ion batteries are transported according to the approval of A88 is deleted (Clause 6, 2013 Edition);
——Quantity restriction for passengers to carry lithium-ion battery equipment and stand-by lithium-ion batteries (see Sub-clause 7.5);
——The requirement for passengers to carry the power bank are added (see Sub-clause 7.7);
——The contents of Tables 1 and 2 are modified, “net weight” is changed to “net quantity”, “synthetic package” is changed to “overpack”,
“Hazard Label” is changed to “Lithium Battery Hazard Label” and the “Lithium Battery Operation Label” is changed to “Lithium Battery Mark”,
restriction for the state of charge and the overpack (see Tables 1 and Table 2; Tables 1 and 2 in 2013 Edition) is added;
——The format and content of Table 3 are modified, and quality restriction for passengers to carry lithium batteries is added (see Table 3; Table 3 of 2013 Edition);
——Annex A is modified, and the new lithium battery hazard label and lithium battery mark are adopted (see Annex A; Annex A of 2013 Edition);
——Annex B is modified, and completion example of 965IB and description example of nuclear power state are added (see Annex B; Annex of 2013 Edition);
——Annex C is added and completion example of air freight note are added (see Annex C).
This standard was proposed and explained by Civil Aviation Administration of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Science and Technology Research Institute of CAAC.
This standard was issued for the first time in April, 2007, revised for the first time in March, 2009 and revised for the second time in January, 2013.
Specification for transport of lithium batteries by air
1 Scope
This standard specifies the restrictions and operating specifications for air transportation of lithium battery.
This standard is applicable to the air transportation of lithium battery goods and luggage.
This standard is not applicable to air mail transportation of lithium battery.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
MH/T 1030 Specifications for air transport of dangerous goods carried by passengers or crew
IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (2018 Edition)
ICAO Doc 9284-AN/905 Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (2017-2018 Edition)
UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Manual of Tests and Criteria /ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.6
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
cell
a single and enclosed Electrochemical unit that consists of an anode and a cathode which are of different electric potentials.
3.2
battery
two or more cells that are connected by circuit and are equipped with necessary devices such as outer cover, electrodes, mark and protective device etc.
Note: Single cell battery is recognized as a battery cell in this standard.
3.3
lithium metal cell or battery
cells or batteries that use lithium metal or lithium alloy as anodes
3.4
lithium ion cell or Battery
cells or Batteries without lithium metal in their anode or cathode, but with lithium ion or atom-liked lithium embed in both their positive or negative electrode materials
Note: Lithium-ion cells or batteries are usually rechargeable secondary batteries. Lithium polymer cells or batteries using the chemical properties of lithium ion chemistry are classified as lithium ion cells or batteries in this standard.
3.5
button battery
a small round battery with an overall height smaller than the diameter
3.6
rated energy
energy contents of the cells or batteries determined by manufacturers under specified conditions
Note: the rated energy is expressed in watt hours (Wh) and calculated by multiplying the nominal voltage (in volts (V)) by the rated capacity (in amp hours (Ah)).
3.7
rated capacity
the capacity measured by the cell or battery at the load, temperature, and voltage cutoff points specified by the manufacturer
Note: it is expressed in ampere hour (Ah) or milliampere hour (mAh).
3.8
nominal voltage
an approximation of the voltage used to mark or identify the cell or battery
Note: the nominal voltage is not the output voltage, nor the input voltage.
3.9
lithium contents
quality of the lithium contents in the anodes of the lithium metal or lithium alloy cell or batteries
3.10
power bank
It is a combination of a lithium battery cell or a battery, a corresponding circuit and a housing. The main function is to provide a stable DC output power source for other devices, and a small mobile power source that can be carried about by the user.
Note: when transported as baggage, the power bank is regarded as a spare lithium battery carried by the passenger or the crew; when transported as goods, the power bank is regarded as a lithium battery instead of a battery-containing device.
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
ELI Lithium ion batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 965–967
ELM Lithium metal batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 968–970
IMP Interline message procedure
PED Portable electronic device
PMED Portable medical electronic device
RBI Fully regulated lithium ion batteries (Class 9, UN 3480) as per Section IA and IB of PI 965
RBM Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9, UN 3090) as per Section IA and IB of PI 968
RLI Fully regulated lithium ion batteries (Class 9, UN 3481) as per Section I of PI 966 and 967
RLM Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9, UN 3091) as per Section I of PI 969 and 970
5 Air transportation restrictions
5.1 Quality management scheme
Manufacturers of lithium or lithium batteries shall have a quality management scheme that complies with ICAO Doc 9284-AN/905 (hereinafter referred to as “ICAO TI”) and IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (hereinafter referred to as “IATA DGR’).
5.2 UN38.3 Test
Except as specified in Sub-clause 5.4.5, any type of lithium cell core or lithium battery shall pass series test requested in Section 38.3 of Part III in the United Nations’ Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Manual of Tests and Criteria, prior to delivery to air transport (hereafter referred to as “UN38.3 Test”), regardless of whether the battery cells contained in the lithium battery pass the series tests required by UN38.3.
5.3 Rated energy mark
When transported as goods, the lithium-ion battery produced after December 31, 2011 and transported according to the ICAO TI Lithium Battery Packing Instructions Part I or IA shall be marked with the rated energy value on the casing. The lithium-ion battery produced after December 31, 2008 and transported according to Part II or IB shall be marked with rated energy value.
5.4 Lithium-ion battery prohibited to be transported
5.4.1 Lithium metal batteries (UN3090) and lithium ion batteries (UN3480) transported separately during transport of goods shall not be transported by passenger aircraft unless they have obtained exemption in writing by the relevant national authority in accordance with the requirements of Special Provision A201 in APO TI and IATA DGR.
5.4.2 Lithium-ion batteries (UN3480) that are transported separately during transport of goods, shall not be transported by air if they are in a state of charge exceeding 30% of their rated capacity, unless in accordance with the special provision A331 of ACAD, IATA and IATA DGR, have obtained the approval of the competent authority of the country of origin and the country of the operator and meet the written conditions established by these competent authorities.
5.4.3 According to the special provision A154 of ICAO TI and IATA DGR, lithium batteries that have been identified as defective or damaged by the manufacturer for safety reasons (e.g. batteries recalled by the manufacturer for safety reasons) may evolve to the potential hazards of heating up, burning and short-circuiting, and shall not be transported by air.
5.4.4 According to special provision A183 of ICAO TI and IATA DGR, wasted lithium batteries and lithium batteries for recycling or disposal purposes shall not be transported by air unless it is approved in writing by the competent authority of the country of origin and the country of the operator.
5.4.5 Lithium core or lithium batteries that have not been tested in accordance with UN38.3 shall not be transported by air unless the conditions specified in special provision A88 of ICA TI and IATA DGR are met and it is approved in writing by the competent authority of the country of origin.
5.5 Differences of requirements between countries and operators
Air transportation of lithium battery shall comply with the different requirements in air transportation of lithium batteries issued by the relevant national authorities of the countries such as the country of origin, the country of transit, the country of destination, the country of the operator and the operator.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Air transportation restrictions
6 Requirements on transportation of lithium battery as goods
7 Requirements of lithium battery as baggage
Annex A (Normative) Label and mark of lithium battery
Annex B (Informative) Excerpts of an example of dangerous goods declaration form
Annex C (Informative) Excerpts of an example of air waybill
锂电池航空运输规范
1 范围
本标准规定了锂电池航空运输的限制条件和操作规范。
本标准适用于锂电池货物和行李的航空运输。
本标准不适用于锂电池的航空邮寄运输。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅所注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。
MH/T 1030 旅客和机组携带危险品的航空运输规范
IATA 《危险品规则》（2018版）
ICAO Doc 9284-AN/905 《危险物品安全航空运输技术细则》（2017-2018版）
联合国 《关于危险货物运输的建议书-试验和标准手册》/ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.6
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
电池芯 cell
由一个正极和一个负极组成且两个电极之间有电位差的单一的、封闭的电化学装置。
3.2
电池 battery
用电路连接在一起的两个或多个电池芯，并安装有使用所必需的装置，如外壳、电极端子、标记和保护装置等。
注：单电池芯电池在本标准中被认为是电池芯。
3.3
锂金属电池芯或电池 lithium metal cell or battery
以锂金属或锂合金作为阳极的电池芯或电池。
3.4
锂离子电池芯或电池 lithium ion cell or battery
正负电极都没有金属锂，而是将离子态或类原子态锂嵌于正负电极材料晶格中的电池芯或电池。
注：锂离子电池芯或电池通常是可充电的二次电池。应用锂离子化学性质的锂聚合物电池芯或电池，在本标准中归
MH/T 1020—2018
类为锂离子电池芯或电池。
3.5
纽扣电池 button battery
整体高度小于直径的圆形小电池。
3.6
额定能量 rated energy
由生产商公布的在规定条件下确定的电池芯或电池的能量值。
注：额定能量的单位为瓦特小时（Wh），计算方法是将标称电压（以伏特(V)为单位）乘以额定容量（以安培小时(Ah)为单位）。
3.7
额定容量 rated capacity
电池芯或电池在制造商规定的负荷、温度和电压截断点下测得的容量。
注：单位为安培小时（Ah）或毫安小时(mAh)。
3.8
标称电压 nominal voltage
用以标明或识别电池芯或电池的电压的近似值。
注：标称电压不是输出电压，也不是输入电压。
3.9
锂含量 lithium content
锂金属或锂合金电池芯或电池阳极中锂的质量。
3.10
充电宝 power bank
由锂电池芯或电池、相应的电路及外壳组合而成，主要功能是为其他设备提供稳定直流输出的动力源，且可由使用者随身携带的小型移动电源。
注：行李运输时，充电宝视为旅客或机组携带的备用锂电池；货物运输时，充电宝视为锂电池而不是含电池设备。
4 缩略语
下列缩略语适用于本文件。
ELI 例外的锂离子电池（Lithium ion batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 965–967）
ELM 例外的锂金属电池（Lithium metal batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 968–970）
IMP 信息交换程序 （ Interline Message Procedure）
PED 便携式电子设备（Portable Electronic Device）
PMED 便携式电子医疗设备（Portable Medical Electronic Device）
RBI 完全受限的单独的锂离子电池（Fully regulated lithium ion batteries (Class 9, UN 3480)as per Section IA and IB of PI 965）
MH/T 1020—2018
RBM 完全受限的单独的锂金属电池（Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9, UN 3090)as per Section IA and IB of PI 968）
RLI 完全受限的和设备一起的锂离子电池（Fully regulated lithium ion batteries (Class 9,UN 3481) as per Section I of PI 966 and 967）
RLM 完全受限的和设备一起的锂金属电池（Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9,UN 3091) as per Section I of PI 969 and 970）
5 空运限制要求
5.1 质量管理方案
锂电池芯或锂电池的制造商应具有符合ICAO Doc 9284-AN/905（以下简称ICAO TI）和IATA《危险品规则》（以下简称IATA DGR）规定的质量管理方案。
5.2 UN38.3 测试
除 5.4.5 规定的情况外，任何一种型号的锂电池芯或锂电池在交付航空运输前，均应通过联合国《关于危险货物运输的建议书-试验和标准手册》第Ⅲ部分 38.3 节要求的系列测试（以下简称 UN38.3 测试），无论锂电池所含的电池芯是否通过了 UN38.3 要求的系列测试。
5.3 额定能量标记
货物运输时，按ICAO TI中锂电池包装说明第Ⅰ部分或IA运输的，2011年12月31日之后生产的锂离子电池应在外壳上标明额定能量值。按第Ⅱ部分或IB运输的，2008年12月31日之后生产的应标明额定能量值。
5.4 禁止运输的锂电池
5.4.1 货物运输时，单独运输的锂金属电池（UN3090）和锂离子电池（UN3480）不应使用客机运输，除非根据 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 特殊规定 A201 条款的要求，获得相关国家主管当局的书面豁免。
5.4.2 货物运输时，单独运输的锂离子电池（UN3480），如果其所处的荷电状态超过其额定容量的 30%，不应航空运输，除非根据 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 特殊规定 A331 条款的要求，获得始发国和经营人所属国主管当局的批准并且符合这些主管当局制定的书面条件。
5.4.3 根据 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 特殊规定 A154 条款，因为安全原因被制造商确认为有缺陷或已被损坏的锂电池（例如因安全原因被生产商召回的电池），有可能会演变发生发热、燃烧和短路的潜在危险，不应航空运输。
5.4.4 根据 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 特殊规定 A183 条款，不应航空运输废弃锂电池，以及为回收或处理目的运输的锂电池，除非得到始发国和经营人所属国主管当局的书面批准。
5.4.5 未经过 UN38.3 测试的锂电池芯或锂电池，不应航空运输，除非满足 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 特殊规定 A88 条款规定的条件，并获得始发国主管当局的书面批准。
5.5 国家和经营人差异
锂电池航空运输应遵守始发国、中转国、目的地国、经营人所属国等相关国家主管当局以及经营人发布的有关航空运输锂电池的差异。
6 锂电池作为货物运输的要求
MH/T 1020—2018
6.1 基本要求
6.1.1 锂电池是第 9 类杂项危险品，航空运输时应符合 ICAO TI 和 IATA DGR 规定的所有相关要求，运输企业和人员应具备相应的危险品操作资质。
6.1.2 锂电池航空运输时适用的联合国编号和运输专用名称如下：
a) UN3480，锂离子电池（lithium ion batteries）；
b) UN3481，锂离子电池与设备包装在一起（lithium ion batteries packed with equipment）；
c) UN3481，锂离子电池安装在设备中（lithium ion batteries contained in equipment）；
d) UN3090，锂金属电池（lithium metal batteries）；
e) UN3091，锂金属电池与设备包装在一起（lithium metal batteries packed with equipment）；
f) UN3091，锂金属电池安装在设备中（lithium metal batteries contained in equipment）。
6.1.3 运输专用名称中的“设备”是指由锂电池芯或锂电池提供运行电力的装置。完全由锂电池驱动的车辆（如电动自行车、电动轮椅、平衡车）应按联合国编号 UN3171 和运输专用名称“电池供电车辆”办理运输。
6.2 按包装说明 965～970 第Ⅰ节运输
按包装说明965～970第Ⅰ节运输的锂电池货物，包装应符合ICAO TI 和IATA DGR包装说明965～970第Ⅰ节（包括IA及IB）的规定，见表1。
按照包装说明965的第Ⅰ节和968的第Ⅰ节运输的锂电池包装件或集合包装件,在储存和装载时应与第1类(1.4S除外) 、第2.1项、第3类、第4.1项和第5.1项危险品货物实施隔离，以防在破损或起火时发生危险反应。
6.3 按包装说明 965～970 第Ⅱ节运输
按包装说明965～970第Ⅱ节运输的锂电池货物，包装应符合ICAO TI 和IATA DGR包装说明965～970第Ⅱ节的规定，见表2。
满足包装说明965～970第Ⅱ节要求的锂电池货物，除应符合ICAO TI关于邮件运输危险品要求以及危险品事故、事故征候报告的要求外，交运的锂电池芯和电池如果不是禁止运输的，则不受ICAO TI其他要求的限制。满足包装说明965第Ⅱ节和968第Ⅱ节要求的锂电池货物，还应符合ICAO TI关于驾驶舱和客机的装载限制以及货机的装载限制。
此类货物运输时托运人不必填写危险品申报单。
7 锂电池作为行李运输的要求
7.1 适用范围
7.1.1 满足以下条件的锂电池可作为行李运输：
a) 仅限旅客和机组人员为个人自用目的所携带；
b) 由锂电池驱动的小型含锂电池设备，主要包括：
——便携式电子设备（PED），如手表、计算器、照相机、手机、手提电脑、便携式摄像机、平衡车、扫地机器人等；
——便携式电子吸烟装置，如电子香烟、电子烟、电子雪茄、电子烟斗、个人喷雾器、个人电子尼古丁输送系统等；
——便携式电子医疗设备(PMED)，如自动体外除颤器、喷雾器、持续气道正压呼吸器等；
