标准编号:	GBZ 2.1-2019
中文名称:	工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分：化学有害因素
英文名称:	Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace— Part 1: Chemical hazardous agents
中标分类:	C52    劳动卫生
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	13.100 13.100    职业安全、工业卫生 13.100
发布机构:	国家卫生健康委员会
发布日期:	2019-08-27
实施日期:	2020-4-1
标准状态:	superseded
被新标准替代:	GBZ 2.1-2019/XG1-2022 《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分:化学有害因素》行业标准第1号修改单 GBZ 2.1-2019/XG2-2024 《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分:化学有害因素》行业标准第2号修改单
被替代日期:	2025-5-1
替代旧标准:	GBZ 2.1-2007 工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分:化学有害因素
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	43000 字
翻译价格(元):	3600.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. The occupational exposure limits given in Tables 1 to 3 in the text of this standard are compulsory, while the rest and those given in Table 4 are recommendatory. This standard is developed in accordance with Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases. GBZ 2 Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace consists of the following two parts under the general title: ——Part 1: Chemical hazardous agents; ——Part 2: Physical agents. This part is Part 1 of GBZ 2. This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This part replaces GBZ 2.1-2007 Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace - Part1: Chemical hazardous agents. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GBZ 2.1-2007. ——six normative references, i.e., GBZ/T 300, GBZ/T 192, GBZ/T 295, GBZ/T 224, GBZ/T 225 and GBZ/T 229.2, are added; ——nine concepts or definitions with regard to occupational exposure are added, terms in five normative references are deleted, and PE is introduced to replace the excursion limits; ——occupational exposure limits for 28 chemical hazardous agents that has been developed and revised in recent years are summarized and added. ——Chinese or English names and CAS Nos of eight chemical substances are adjusted; ——sensitization labels for 16 substances, skin labels for four substances, and carcinogenicity labels for 14 substances are added, and carcinogenicity labels for seven substances are adjusted; ——exposure limits for nitric oxide are incorporated into those for nitrogen dioxide; ——adverse health effects that are based during establishment of the exposure limits are clearly listed; ——biological limit values for occupational exposure (biological monitoring indexes and exposure limits) are added in Clause 4 “hygienic requirements”, and the released standard biological limit values for occupational exposure in the health industry and their determination methods are confirmed, and 28 biological monitoring indices and exposure limits are summarized and listed. 13 biological limit values for occupational exposure approved in recent years as well as quality requirements for biological material determination and biological monitoring are added; ——relevant requirements for monitoring and determination methods are further improved. For PC-TWA of total dust and respirable dust, it is specified that priority is given to the determination of TWA of the respirable dust; ——control principles and requirements for chemical hazardous agents in the workplace are added. ——Annex B is added, and information about chief drafting organizations and chief drafters of newly-added limits is given; ——Instructions for correct use of Annex A are further refined and improved. The control principles, key points and action levels of occupational exposure to hazardous agents, classification and control of occupational exposure levels, level-to-level management principles for hazardous operation of occupational diseases, etc., are added, and some contents in Annex A “Instructions for correct use” to the former standard have been revised into the text of the standard. The previous editions of this part are as follows: ——GBZ 2-2002; ——GBZ 2.1-2007. Occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace - Part 1: Chemical hazardous agents 1 Scope This part specifies the hygiene requirements, determination, evaluation and control principles for occupational exposure to chemical hazardous agents in the workplace. This part is applicable to the hygienic design of industrial enterprises, as well as the management, control and occupational health supervision and inspection of occupational exposure to chemical hazardous agents in the workplace. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GBZ 1 Hygienic standards for the design of industrial enterprises GBZ 159 Specifications of air sampling for hazardous substances monitoring in the workplace GBZ/T 160(all parts) Methods for determination of toxic substances in the air of workplaces GBZ/T 192(all parts) Determination of dust in the air of workplaces GBZ/T 224 Terms of occupational health GBZ/T 225 Guideline for employer of prevention and control of occupational diseases GBZ/T 229.2 Classification of occupational hazards at workplaces - Part 2: Occupational exposure to chemicals GBZ/T 295 General principles of biological monitoring method in occupational population GBZ/T 300(all parts) Methods for determination of toxic substances in the air of workplaces 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions established in GBZ/T 224 and the following ones apply. 3.1 chemical hazardous agents the chemical hazardous agents mentioned in this part include chemical substances, dust and biological agents existing in or arising from the workplace 3.2 occupational exposure the process that workers are exposed to occupational hazardous agents through respiratory tract, skin and mucosa in their occupational activities 3.3 adverse health effects hazardous health efforts or toxic effects of the organism arising from the exposure to occupational hazardous agents. Only a certain level of exposure, i.e. excessive exposure, can cause health damage 3.4 critical adverse health effects the adverse health effects that are used to determine the permissible exposure concentration of certain occupational hazardous agent, i.e. the adverse health effects that are based during the determination of the occupational exposure limits 3.5 occupational exposure limits; OELs the permissible exposure level that the workers are repeatedly exposed to one or more occupational hazardous agents for a long time in their occupational activities, which will not cause adverse health effects on the vast majority of exposed persons. The occupational exposure limits of chemical hazardous agents can include three categories, i.e., permissible concentration-time weighted average, permissible concentration-short term exposure limit and maximum allowable concentration Note: it is a revision of Definition 5.1 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 3.5.1 permissible concentration-time weighted average; PC-TWA the average permissible exposure concentration for 40 h per work week (8 h per working day), specified with time as the weight 3.5.2 permissible concentration-short term exposure limit; PC-STEL the weighted average concentration that allows the workers to be exposed for a short time (15 min), provided that the measured average exposure concentration for 40 h per work week (8 h per working day) meets the requirements of PC-TWA Note: it is a revision of Definition 5.3 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 3.5.3 maximum allowable concentration; MAC the concentration that any chemical hazardous agent shall not exceed within any working day, at any time and at any workplace Note: it is a revision of Definition 5.2 in GBZT 224-2004. 3.6 peak exposures; PE the maximum or peak concentration of a specific substance in the air determined in the shortest analyzable duration (no more than 15 min). For the chemical hazardous agents with PC-TWA but whose PC-STEL has not been established, peak exposures shall be used to control short-time contact. The maximum exposures of PC-TWA is allowed to be exceeded during any short time (15 min) within one working day 3.7 exposure level the concentration or intensity of workers' actual exposure to occupational hazardous agents in the workplace in a specific period of time during their occupational activities, which is detected by a standard determination method Note: it is a revision of Definition 2.22 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 3.8 ratio of occupational exposure level to OELs the ratio of the actual exposure level of workers to certain occupational hazardous agents, to the corresponding occupational exposure limits of the agents When workers are exposed to more than two kinds of chemical hazardous agents, the sum of the measured values of chemical hazardous agents and their corresponding occupational exposure limits is called the ratio of mixed exposure 3.9 action level the workers’ actual exposure level to chemical hazardous agents at which the employers are required to take control measures or actions such as occupational exposure monitoring, occupational health monitoring, occupational health training, and occupational hazard notification, also called administration level or administration concentration The action level of a chemical hazardous agent varies with the workplace environment and the hazardous agents, which is usually half of the allowable concentration of this agent Note: it is a revision of Definition 2.23 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 3.10 biological monitoring Systematical monitoring on the content (concentration) of chemical substances or their metabolites in biological materials such as blood and urine of workers, or the level of harmless biological effects caused by them, in order to evaluate the degree of workers' exposure to chemical hazardous agents and their possible health effects Note: it is a revision of Definition 6.1.2 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 3.11 biological exposure limits; BELs the maximum allowable value for chemical substances or their metabolites in workers’ biological materials, or for the biological effects caused by them, which is also a guiding value for evaluating biological monitoring results. As per five working days a week and eight working hours a day, when the biological monitoring value is within the recommended value range, the vast majority of workers will not be affected by adverse health effects. It is also known as biological exposure indices (BEIs) or biological limit values (BLVs) Note: it is a revision of Definition 5.9 in GBZ/T 224-2010. 4 Hygiene requirements 4.1 occupational exposure limits for chemical hazardous agents in the air of workplace Occupational exposure limits for chemical hazardous agents in the air of workplace are given in Table 1.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 4 Hygiene requirements 5 Monitoring and determination principles and requirements 6 Principles and requirements for occupational exposure control of chemical hazardous agents in workplaces 7 Instructions for proper use of this section Annex A (Normative) Instructions for proper use of this section

工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第1部分：化学有害因素 1 范围 本部分规定了工作场所职业接触化学有害因素的卫生要求、检测评价及控制原则。 本部分适用于工业企业卫生设计以及工作场所化学有害因素职业接触的管理、控制和职业卫生监督检查等。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 GBZ 1 工业企业设计卫生标准 GBZ 159 工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范 GBZ/T 160（所有部分） 工作场所空气有毒物质测定 GBZ/T 192（所有部分） 工作场所空气中粉尘测定 GBZ/T 224 职业卫生名词术语 GBZ/T 225 用人单位职业病防治指南 GBZ/T 229.2 工作场所职业病危害作业分级 第2部分：化学物 GBZ/T 295 职业人群生物监测方法 总则 GBZ/T 300（所有部分） 工作场所空气有毒物质测定 3 术语、定义和缩略语 GBZ/T 224界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 化学有害因素 chemical hazardous agents 本部分所称化学有害因素包括工作场所存在或产生的化学物质、粉尘及生物因素。 3.2 职业接触 occupational exposure 劳动者在职业活动中通过呼吸道、皮肤黏膜等与职业性有害因素之间接触的过程。 3.3 不良健康效应 adverse health effects 机体因接触职业性有害因素而产生或出现的有害健康效应或毒作用效应。只有达到一定水平的接触，即过量的接触才会引起健康损害。 3.4 临界不良健康效应 critical adverse health effects 用于确定某种职业性有害因素容许接触浓度大小，即职业接触限值时所依据的不良健康效应。 3.5 职业接触限值 occupational exposure limits；OELs 劳动者在职业活动过程中长期反复接触某种或多种职业性有害因素，不会引起绝大多数接触者不良健康效应的容许接触水平。化学有害因素的职业接触限值分为时间加权平均容许浓度、短时间接触容许浓度和最高容许浓度三类。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义5.1。 3.5.1 时间加权平均容许浓度 permissible concentration-time weighted average；PC-TWA 以时间为权数规定的8 h工作日、40 h工作周的平均容许接触浓度。 3.5.2 短时间接触容许浓度 permissible concentration-short term exposure limit；PC-STEL 在实际测得的8 h工作日、40 h工作周平均接触浓度遵守PC-TWA的前提下，容许劳动者短时间（15 min）接触的加权平均浓度。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义5.3。 3.5.3 最高容许浓度 maximum allowable concentration；MAC 在一个工作日内、任何时间、工作地点的化学有害因素均不应超过的浓度。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义5.2。 3.6 峰接触浓度 peak exposures；PE 在最短的可分析的时间段内（不超过15 min）确定的空气中特定物质的最大或峰值浓度。对于接触具有PC-TWA但尚未制定PC-STEL的化学有害因素，应使用峰接触浓度控制短时间的接触。在遵守PC-TWA的前提下，容许在一个工作日内发生的任何一次短时间（15 min）超出PC-TWA水平的最大接触浓度。 3.7 接触水平 exposure level 应用标准检测方法检测得到的劳动者在职业活动中特定时间段内实际接触工作场所职业性有害因素的浓度或强度。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义2.22。 3.8 职业接触限值比值 ratio of occupational exposure level to OELs 劳动者接触某种职业性有害因素的实际接触水平与该因素相应职业接触限值的比值。 当劳动者接触两种以上化学有害因素时，每一种化学有害因素的实际测量值与其对应职业接触限值的比值之和，称为混合接触比值（ratio of mixed exposure）。 3.9 行动水平 action level 劳动者实际接触化学有害因素的水平已经达到需要用人单位采取职业接触监测、职业健康监护、职业卫生培训、职业病危害告知等控制措施或行动的水平，也称为管理水平（administration level）或管理浓度（administration concentration）。 化学有害因素的行动水平，根据工作场所环境、接触的有害因素的不同而有所不同，一般为该因素容许浓度的一半。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义2.23。 3.10 生物监测 biological monitoring 系统地对劳动者的血液、尿等生物材料中的化学物质或其代谢产物的含量（浓度）、或由其所致的无害生物效应水平进行的系统监测，目的是评价劳动者接触化学有害因素的程度及其可能的健康影响。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义6.1.2。 3.11 生物接触限值 biological exposure limits；BELs 针对劳动者生物材料中的化学物质或其代谢产物、或引起的生物效应等推荐的最高容许量值，也是评估生物监测结果的指导值。每周5d工作、每天8h接触，当生物监测值在其推荐值范围以内时，绝大多数的劳动者将不会受到不良的健康影响。又称生物接触指数（Biological Exposure Indices，BEIs）或生物限值（biological limit values，BLVs）。 注：改写GBZ/T 224—2010，定义5.9。 4 卫生要求 4.1 工作场所空气中化学有害因素的职业接触限值 工作场所空气中化学有害因素的职业接触限值见表1。 表1 工作场所空气中化学有害因素职业接触限值 序号 中文名 英文名 化学文摘号CAS号 OELs mg/m3 临界不良健康效应 备注 MAC PC-TWA PC-STEL 1 安妥 Antu 86-88-4 — 0.3 — 甲状腺效心；恶心 — 2 氨 Ammonia 7664-41-7 — 20 30 眼和上呼吸道刺激 — 3 2-氨基吡啶 2-Aminopyridine 504-29-0 — 2 — 中枢神经系统损伤；皮肤、黏膜刺激 皮 4 氨基磺酸铵 Ammonium sulfamate 7773-06-0 — 6 — 呼吸道、眼及皮肤刺激 — 5 氨基氰 Cyanamide 420-04-2 — 2 — 眼和呼吸道刺激；皮肤刺激 — 6 奥克托今 Octogen 2691-41-0 — 2 4 眼刺激 — 7 巴豆醛（丁烯醛） Crotonaldehyde 4170-30-3 12 — — 眼和呼吸道刺激；慢性鼻炎；神经功能障碍 — 8 百草枯 Paraquat 4685-14-7 — 0.5 — 呼吸系统损害；皮肤、黏膜刺激 — 9 百菌清 Chlorothalonil 1897-45-6 1 — — 皮肤刺激、致敏；眼和呼吸道刺激 G2B，敏 10 钡及其可溶性化合物（按Ba计） Barium and soluble compounds, as Ba 7440-39-3(Ba) — 0.5 1.5 消化道刺激；低血钾 — 11 倍硫磷 Fenthion 55-38-9 — 0.2 0.3 胆碱酯酶抑制 皮 12 苯 Benzene 71-43-2 — 6 10 头晕、头痛、意识障碍；全血细胞减少；再障；白血病 皮，G1 13 苯胺 Aniline 62-53-3 — 3 — 高铁血红蛋白血症 皮 14 苯基醚（二苯醚） Phenyl ether 101-84-8 — 7 14 上呼吸道和眼刺激 — 15 苯醌 Benzoquinone 106-51-4 — 0.45 — 眼、皮肤刺激 — 16 苯硫磷 EPN 2104-64-5 — 0.5 — 胆碱酯酶抑制 皮 17 苯乙烯 Styrene 100-42-5 — 50 100 眼、上呼吸道刺激；神经衰弱；周围神经症状 皮，G2B 18 吡啶 Pyridine 110-86-1 — 4 — 眼、呼吸道、皮肤刺激；神经衰弱及植物神经紊乱；肝、肾损害 — 19 苄基氯 Benzyl chloride 100-44-7 5 — — 呼吸道炎症；皮肤、上呼吸道和眼刺激；肝肾损害 G2A 20 丙酸 Propionic acid 79-09-4 — 30 — 眼、皮肤和呼吸道刺激 — 21 丙酮 Acetone 67-64-1 — 300 450 呼吸道和眼刺激；麻醉；中枢神经系统损害 — 22 丙酮氰醇（按CN计） Acetone cyanohydrin, as CN 75-86-5 3 — — 呼吸道刺激；头痛；缺氧/紫绀 皮 23 丙烯醇 Allyl alcohol 107-18-6 — 2 3 眼和上呼吸道刺激 皮 24 丙烯腈 Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 — 1 2 中枢神经系统损害；下呼吸道刺激 皮，G2B 25 丙烯菊酯 allethrin 584-79-2 — 5 — 皮肤刺激；神经系统损害 — 26 丙烯醛 Acrolein 107-02-8 0.3 — — 眼和上呼吸道刺激；肺水肿；肺气肿 皮 27 丙烯酸 Acrylic acid 79-10-7 — 6 — 皮肤、眼及呼吸道刺激 皮 28 丙烯酸甲酯 Methyl acrylate 96-33-3 — 20 — 眼、皮肤和呼吸道刺激；皮肤损害及过敏 皮，敏 29 丙烯酸正丁酯 n-Butyl acrylate 141-32-2 — 25 — 皮肤、眼和呼吸道刺激；麻醉 敏 30 丙烯酰胺 Acrylamide 79-06-1 — 0.3 — 中枢神经系统损害；周围神经系统损害 皮，G2A 31 草甘膦 Glyphosate 1071-83-6 — 5 — 肝、肾功能损伤 G2A 32 草酸 Oxalic acid 144-62-7 — 1 2 呼吸道、眼和皮肤刺激 — 33 抽余油(60℃～220℃) Raffinate oil (60℃～220℃) — — 300 — 麻醉；眼、皮肤和呼吸道黏膜刺激；神经系统功能障碍；肝、肾、血液系统改变 — 34 重氮甲烷 Diazomethane 334-88-3 — 0.35 0.7 呼吸道刺激；中枢神经系统抑制 — 35 臭氧 Ozone 10028-15-6 0.3 — — 刺激 — 36 o，o-二甲基-S-（甲基氨基甲酰甲基）二硫代磷酸酯（乐果） o, o-dimethyl methylcarbamoylmethyl phosphorodithioate (Rogor) 60-51-5 — 1 — 胆碱酯酶抑制 皮 37 O，O-二甲基-（2，2，2-三氯-1-羟基乙基）磷酸酯（敌百虫） (2, 2, 2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) dimethylphosphonate (Trichlorfon, Metrifonate or Dipterex) 52-68-6 — 0.5 1 胆碱酯酶抑制 — 38 N-3，4-二氯苯基-N’，N’-二甲基脲（敌草隆） 1, 1-Dimethyl-3-(3, 4-Dichlorophenyl) urea (Diuron) 330-54-1 — 10 — 呼吸道、眼、皮肤刺激；贫血 — 39 2，4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2，4-滴） 2, 4-Dicholrophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) 94-75-7 — 10 — 甲状腺效应、肾小管损伤 皮，G2B 40 二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（滴滴涕，DDT） Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 50-29-3 — 0.2 — 神经系统损害；肝肾损害；呼吸道、皮肤及眼刺激 G2A 41 碲及其化合物（不含碲化氢）（按Te计） Tellurium and Compounds (except H2Te), as Te 13494-80-9(Te) — 0.1 — 中枢神经系统损伤、肝损伤 — 42 碲化铋（按Bi2Te3计） Bismuth telluride, as Bi2Te3 1304-82-1 — 5 — 呼吸道、眼、皮肤刺激；肝肾影响；贫血 — 43 碘 Iodine 7553-56-2 1 — — 眼、上呼吸道和皮肤刺激 — 44 碘仿 Iodoform 75-47-8 — 10 — 中枢神经系统损害；眼、呼吸道刺激 — 45 碘甲烷 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 — 10 — 眼刺激；中枢神经系统损害 皮 46 叠氮酸蒸气 Hydrazoic acid vapor 7782-79-8 0.2 — — 鼻、眼刺激；低血压 — 47 叠氮化钠 Sodium azide 26628-22-8 0.3 — — 心脏损害；肺损伤 — 48 1，3-丁二烯 1, 3-Butadiene 106-99-0 — 5 — 眼和呼吸道刺激；麻醉；神经衰弱；皮肤灼伤或冻伤 G1 49 2-丁氧基乙醇 2-butoxyethanol 111-76-2 — 97 — 刺激 — 50 丁烯 Butylene 25167-67-3 — 100 — 窒息、弱麻醉和弱刺激作用。液态丁烯皮肤冻伤 — 51 毒死蜱 Chlorpyrifos 2921-88-2 — 0.2 — 胆碱酯酶抑制 皮 52 对苯二胺 p-phenylene diamine 106-50-3 — 0.1 — 皮肤致敏、呼吸系统损伤 皮，敏 53 对苯二甲酸 Terephthalic acid 100-21-0 — 8 15 眼、皮肤、黏膜和上呼吸道刺激 — 54 对二氯苯 p-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 — 30 60 眼、皮肤、上呼吸道刺激；肝损害 G2B 55 对硫磷 Parathion 56-38-2 — 0.05 0.1 胆碱酯酶抑制 皮，G2B 56 对特丁基甲苯 p-Tert-butyltoluene 98-51-1 — 6 — 眼、上呼吸道刺激 — 57 对硝基苯胺 p-Nitroaniline 100-01-6 — 3 — 高铁血红蛋白血症；肝损害 皮 58 对硝基氯苯 p-Nitrochlorobenzene 100-00-5 — 0.6 — 皮肤致敏、皮炎；过敏性哮喘；肝损害 皮 59 多次甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯 Polymetyhlene polyphenyl isocyanate (PMPPI) 57029-46-6 — 0.3 0.5 皮肤、眼、呼吸道刺激；变态反应、哮喘 敏 60 二苯胺 Diphenylamine 122-39-4 — 10 — 上呼吸道、皮肤刺激；高铁血红蛋白血症；肝肾损害 — 61 二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯 Diphenylmethane diisocyanate 101-68-8 — 0.05 0.1 眼、上呼吸道刺激；哮喘 敏 62 二丙二醇甲醚（2-甲氧基甲乙氧基丙醇） Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether ([2-Methoxymethylethoxy] pr opano, DPGMEl) 34590-94-8 — 600 900 轻度麻醉；中枢神经系统抑制 皮 63 二丙酮醇 Diacetone alcohol 123-42-2 — 240 — 眼、鼻、喉黏膜刺激；皮肤刺激 — 64 2-N-二丁氨基乙醇 2-N-Dibutylaminoethanol 102-81-8 — 4 — 眼和上呼吸道刺激；眼或皮肤灼伤 皮 65 二噁烷 1, 4-Dioxane 123-91-1 — 70 — 上呼吸道和眼刺激；肝损害 皮，G2B 66 二噁英类化合物 Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans 1746-01-6 — 30pgTEQ/m3 — 致癌 G1 67 二氟氯甲烷 Chlorodifluoromethane 75-45-6 — 3500 — 中枢神经系统损害；心血管系统影响 — 68 二甲胺 Dimethylamine 124-40-3 — 5 10 眼、上呼吸道刺激；皮肤灼伤 — 69 二甲苯（全部异构体） Xylene (all isomers) 1330-20-7；95-47-6；108-38-3 — 50 100 呼吸道和眼刺激；中枢神经系统损害 — 70 N，N-二甲基苯胺 N, N-Dimethylanilne 121-69-7 — 5 10 高铁血红蛋白血症 皮 71 1，3-二甲基丁基乙酸酯（仲-乙酸己酯） 1, 3-Dimethylbutyl acetate (sec-hexyl acetate) 108-84-9 — 300 — 眼、上呼吸道刺激；中枢神经系统抑制 — 72 二甲基二氯硅烷 Dimethyl dichlorosilane 75-78-5 2 — — 呼吸道、眼及皮肤、黏膜强刺激 — 73 二甲基甲酰胺 Dimethylformamide (DMF) 68-12-2 — 20 — 眼和上呼吸道刺激；肝损害 皮，G2A 74 3，3-二甲基联苯胺 3, 3-Dimethylbenzidine 119-93-7 0.02 — — 眼和呼吸道刺激 皮，G2B 75 二甲基亚砜 Dimethyl sulfoxide 67-68-5 — 160 — 皮肤、黏膜刺激 皮 76 二甲基乙酰胺 Dimethyl acetamide, DMAC 127-19-5 — 20 — 致幻；呼吸道、皮肤刺激；神经衰弱 皮 77 二甲氧基甲烷 Dimethoxymethane (DMM) 109-87-5 — 3100 — 眼、黏膜刺激 — 78 二聚环戊二烯 Dicyclopentadiene 77-73-6 — 25 — 呼吸道和眼刺激；神经系统症状 — 79 二硫化碳 Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 — 5 10 眼及鼻黏膜刺激；周围神经系统损害 皮 80 1，1-二氯-1-硝基乙烷 1, 1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane 594-72-9 — 12 — 上呼吸道刺激 — 81 1，3-二氯丙醇 1, 3-Dichloropropanol 96-23-1 — 5 — 眼、黏膜、皮肤强刺激；呼吸道损害、中枢神经系统抑制；麻醉；溶血 皮；G2B 82 1，2-二氯丙烷 1, 2-Dichloropropane 78-87-5 — 350 500 眼、皮肤、黏膜和呼吸道刺激；中枢神经系统抑制；肝肾损害 G1 83 1，3-二氯丙烯 1, 3-Dichloropropene 542-75-6 — 4 — 上呼吸道、眼、皮肤刺激；肝肾损害 皮，G2B 84 二氯二氟甲烷 Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 — 5000 — 眼及上呼吸道刺激；心脏毒性；液体接触皮肤灼伤 — 85 二氯甲烷 Dichloromethane 75-09-2 — 200 — 碳氧血红蛋白血症；周围神经系统损害 G2A 86 二氯乙炔 Dichloroacetylene 7572-29-4 0.4 — — 眼和上呼吸道刺激；意识障碍及肝肾损害 — 87 1，2-二氯乙烷 1, 2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 — 7 15 中枢神经系统抑制；眼、呼吸道刺激；肺水肿；胃肠道刺激；肝肾损害 G2B 88 1，2-二氯乙烯（全部异构体） 1, 2-Dichloroethylene (all isomers) 156-59-2；156-60-5；540-59-0 — 800 — 中枢神经系统损害；眼及上呼吸道刺激 — 89 二硼烷 Diborane 19287-45-7 — 0.1 — 上呼吸道和眼刺激；头痛 — 90 二缩水甘油醚 Diglycidyl ether 2238-07-5 — 0.5 — 眼和呼吸道刺激；麻醉作用 — 91 二硝基苯（全部异构体） Dinitrobenzene (all isomers) 25154-54-5；528-29-0；99-65-0；100-25-4 — 1 — 高铁血红蛋白血症；眼损害 皮 92 二硝基甲苯 Dinitrotoluene 25321-14-6 — 0.2 — 高铁血红蛋白血症；生殖毒性 G2B(2，4-；2，6-)，皮 93 4，6-二硝基邻甲酚 4, 6-Dinitro-o-cresol 534-52-1 — 0.2 — 基础代谢亢进；高热 皮