标准编号:	GB/T 5099.3-2017
中文名称:	钢质无缝气瓶 第3部分：正火处理的钢瓶
英文名称:	Seamless steel gas cylinders―Part 3:Normalized cylinders
中标分类:	J74    压力容器
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	23.020.30 23.020.30    压力容器、气瓶 23.020.30
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2017-12-29
实施日期:	2019-1-1
标准状态:	被替代
被新标准替代:	GB/T 5099-1994 钢质无缝气瓶
被替代日期:	1995-8-1
替代旧标准:	GB/T 5099-1994 GB 5099-1994 钢质无缝气瓶
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	37000 字
翻译价格(元):	1800.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



GB/T 5099 Seamless steel gas cylinders is to be divided into the following 4 parts:



——Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1100 MPa;



——Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength more than or equal to 1100 MPa;



——Part 3: Normalized cylinders;



——Part 4: Seamless stainless steel gas cylinders.



This is Part 3 of GB/T 5099.



This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.



This part replaces some contents given in GB/T 5099-1994 Seamless steel gas cylinders.



The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 5099-1994:



——the scope of the standard is adjusted;



a) the nominal working pressure is changed from 8 MPa ~ 30 MPa to no greater than 15 MPa;



b) the nominal water capacity is changed from 0.4 L ~ 80 L to 0.5 L ~ 150 L;



c) the service environment temperature is set at -20℃ ~ 60℃;



d) the requirements for "cylinders not applicable to fire fighting" are deleted.



——the specification ranges of steel cylinders are expended:



a) the requirements for diameter grading are deleted;



b) the list of filling contents and the requirement for pressure grading are deleted.



——the calculation equation for design wall thickness is changed;



——the requirements for calculation of finite element at the bottom of the shell are deleted;



——the quantity of one batch is specified as "not greater than 500 plus the number of steel cylinders for destructive tests";



——the metallographic examination of shells after heat treatment is changed to type test requirements;



——the requirements for tightness test for the bottom of steel cylinders made of seamless steel tubes are added;



——the contents “the volume deformation rate shall be tested by external measurement for the hydrostatic test” are required;



——the requirements for hardness inspection of the shells after heat treatment are deleted;



——the measured water capacity in the steel impression mark is changed to the nominal water capacity;



——the annex for assembly torque of cylinder valve is added;



——the annex for ultrasonic testing methods and evaluation is added;



——the annex for magnetic particle testing method and evaluation is added;



——the annex for flattening test method is added;



——the annex for description and evaluation of defects on inner and outer surfaces is added;



This standard is redrafted by reference to and not equivalent to ISO 9809-3:2010 Gas cylinders - Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders - Design, construction and testing - Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders.



Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.



This part was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Gas Cylinder of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 31).



The previous editions of standard replaced by this part are as follows:



——GB 5099-1985 and GB/T 5099-1994.



Seamless steel gas cylinders - Part 3: Normalized cylinders



1 Scope



This part of GB/T 5099 specifies the type and parameters, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, coating, packaging, transportation, storage, product certificate, and quality certificate for batch inspection of normalized or normalized and tempered steel seamless gas cylinders (hereinafter referred to as steel cylinders).



This part is applicable to the design and manufacture of refillable steel cylinders with nominal working pressure not greater than 15 MPa, nominal water capacity of 0.5 L ~ 150 L and the environment temperature for use of -20℃~60℃, used to contain compressed gas or high-pressure liquefied gas.



This part is not applicable to vehicle gas cylinders and cylinder-type pressure vessels attached to machinery and equipment.



Note: the seamless steel gas cylinders with the nominal water capacity less than 0.5 L can also be manufactured and inspected with reference to this part.



2 Normative references



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.



GB/T 196 General purpose metric screw threads - Basic dimensions (ISO 724)

GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances (ISO 965-1)

GB/T 222 Permissible tolerances for chemical composition of steel products

GB/T 223 (all parts) Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy

GB/T 224 Determination of depth of decarburization of steels (ISO 3887)

GB/T 228.1 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892)

GB/T 229 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test (ISO 148-1)

GB/T 232 Metallic materials - Bend test (ISO 7438)

GB/T 4336 Carbon and low-alloy steel - Determination of multi-element contents - Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometric method (routine method)

GB/T 5777-2008 Seamless steel pipe and tubing methods for ultrasonic testing (ISO 9303:1989)

GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal

GB/T 7144 Coloured cylinder mark for gases

GB/T 8335 Special threads for gas cylinders

GB/T 836 Special thread gauges for gas cylinders

GB/T 9251 Methods for hydrostatic test of gas cylinders

GB/T 9252 Method for pressure cycling test of gas cylinders

GB/T 12137 Methods for leakage test of gas cylinders

GB/T 13005 Terminology of gas cylinders

GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals

GB/T 13299 Steel - Determination of microstructure

GB/T 13447 Steel blank for seamless gas cylinder

GB/T 15384 Designation for gas cylinders

GB/T 15385 Method for hydraulic burst test of gas cylinder

GB/T 18248 Seamless steel tubes for gas cylinder

JB/T 6065 Non-destructive testing - Shims for magnetic particle testing



3 Terms, definitions and symbols



3.1 Terms and definitions



For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 13005 as well as the followings apply



3.1.1

yield stress

stress value of the upper yield point in case of obvious yield; of the specified non-proportional extension of 0.2% in case of no obvious yield during tensile test of materials



3.1.2

normalizing

heat treatment in which a cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature above the upper critical point, Ac3, of the steel and then cooled in still air



3.1.3

tempering

toughening heat treatment which follows normalizing, in which the cylinder is heated to a uniform temperature below the lower critical point, Ac1, of the steel



3.1.4

batch

quantity of steel cylinders with the same design, the same furnace number, the same manufacturing method and the same heat treatment specification for continuous heat treatment



3.2 Symbols



For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.



A Elongation after fracture, %

C Circumferential tear length of the notch in shell bursting test, mm

D Nominal outside diameter of the cylinder, mm

Df Bending center diameter in cold bending test, mm;

F Design stress factor (see Sub-clause 5.2.5)

H Outside height of the convex bottom of steel cylinder, mm

Lo Original gauge length of the flat test piece, mm

Pb Measured burst pressure, MPa

Ph Hydraulic test pressure, MPa

Pw Nominal working pressure, MPa

Py Measured yield pressure, MPa

Re Minimum guaranteed yield stress of shell material after heat treatment, MPa

Rca Measured value of the yield stress, MPa

Rg Minimum guaranteed tensile strength of shell material after heat treatment, MPa

Rm Measured value of the tensile strength, MPa

S Design wall thickness of the steel cylinder, mm

Sa Measured average wall thickness of the steel cylinder, mm

So Original cross-sectional area of the flat test piece, mm2

S1 Design wall thickness of the center of cylinder bottom, mm

S2 Design wall thickness of the concave bottom of steel cylinder, mm

T Depth of artificial defect, mm

V Nominal water capacity, L

W Width of artificial defect, mm

akV Impact value, J/cm2

a Original thickness of the arc flat test piece, mm

b Original width of the flat test piece, mm

h Outside height of the concave bottom of steel cylinder, mm

l Length of the steel cylinder, mm

r Inside knuckle radius of the end part and concave bottom of the steel cylinder, mm



4 Types and parameters



4.1 Types



The steel cylinder shell shall meet the type shown in Figure 1.







a) Three-core concave bottom







b) Hot mount base







c) Convex bottom







d) H-shaped bottom







e) Double mouth



Figure 1 Structural type



4.2 Parameters



The nominal water capacity and tolerance of the steel cylinder shall meet those specified in Table 1.

 



Table 1 Nominal water capacity and tolerance of the steel cylinder

Nominal water capacity/L Tolerance/%

0.5~2 ■(+20@0)

2~12 ■(+10@0)

>12~150 ■(+5@0)



4.3 Model designation



The naming of model of the steel cylinder shall meet the requirements of GB/T 15384.

Contents
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
4 Types and parameters
5 Technical requirements
6 Test methods
7 Inspection rules
8 Marking, coating, packaging, transportation and storage
9 Product certificate, and quality certificate for batch inspection
Annex A (Informative) Assembly torque of cylinder valve
Annex B (Normative) Ultrasonic testing
Annex C (Normative) Magnetic particle testing
Annex D (Normative) Flattening test methods
Annex E (Informative) Description and evaluation of defects on inner and outer surfaces
Annex F (Informative) Quality certificate for batch inspection of seamless steel gas cylinders

钢质无缝气瓶
第3部分：正火处理的钢瓶
1范围
GB/T 5099的本部分规定了正火或正火后回火处理的钢质无缝气瓶(以下简称钢瓶)的型式和参数、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、涂敷、包装、运输、储存、产品合格证和批量检验质量证明书。
本部分适用于设计、制造公称工作压力不大于15MPa，公称水容积为0.5L~150L，使用环境温度为-20℃~60℃，用于盛装压缩气体或高压液化气体的可重复充装的钢瓶。
本部分不适用于车用气瓶和机器设备上附属的瓶式压力容器。
注：对于公称水容积小于0.5L的钢质无缝气瓶也可参照本部分进行制造及检验。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 196普通螺纹 基本尺寸(ISO 724)
GB/T 197普通螺纹 公差(ISO 965-1)
GB/T 222钢的成品化学成分允许偏差
GB/T 223(所有部分) 钢铁及合金化学分析方法
GB/T 224钢的脱碳层深度测定法(ISO 3887)
GB/T 228.1金属材料 拉伸试验 第1部分：室温试验方法(ISO 6892)
GB/T 229金属材料 夏比摆锤冲击试验方法(ISO 148-1)
GB/T 232金属材料 弯曲试验方法(ISO 7438)
GB/T 4336碳素钢和中低合金钢多元素含量的测定火花放电原子发射光谱法(常规法)
GB/T 5777—2008无缝钢管超声波探伤检验方法(ⅠSO9303：1989)
GB/T 6394金属平均晶粒度测定方法
GB/T 7144气瓶颜色标志
GB/T 8335气瓶专用螺纹
GB/T 836气瓶专用螺纹量规
GB/T 9251气瓶水压试验方法
GB/T 9252气瓶压力循环试验方法
GB/T 12137气瓶气密性试验方法
GB/T 13005气瓶术语
GB/T 13298金属显微组织检验方法
GB/T 13299钢的显微组织评定方法
GB/T 13447无缝气瓶用钢坯
GB/T 15384气瓶型号命名方法
GB/T 15385气瓶水压爆破试验方法
GB/T 18248气瓶用无缝钢管
JB/T6065无损检测 磁粉检测用试片
3术语和定义、符号
3.1术语和定义
GB/T 13005界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件
3.1.1
屈服强度 yield stress
对材料拉伸试验，呈明显屈服现象时，取上屈服点；无明显屈服现象的，取规定非比例延伸率为0.2%时的应力。
3.1.2
正火 normalizing
把钢瓶瓶体均匀加热到钢材上临界点Ac3以上的温度，然后在空气中冷却的热处理方式。
3.1.3
回火 tempering
在正火后，把钢瓶瓶体均匀加热到钢材下临界点Ac1以下的某一温度，保温一定时间，然后冷却到室温。
3.1.4
批 batch
采用同一设计、同一炉罐号钢、同一制造方法、同一热处理规范进行连续热处理的钢瓶所限定的数量。
3.2符号
下列符号适用于本文件。
A 断后伸长率，%
C 瓶体爆破试验破口环向撕裂长度，mm
D 钢瓶筒体公称外径，mm
Df 冷弯试验弯心直径，mm
F 设计应力系数(见5.2.5)
H 钢瓶凸形底部外高度，mm
Lo 扁试样的原始标距，mm
Pb 实测爆破压力，MPa
Pb 水压试验压力，MPa
Pw 公称工作压力，MPa
Py 实测屈服压力，MPa
Re 瓶体材料热处理后的最小屈服强度保证值，MPa
Rca 屈服强度实测值，MPa
Rg 瓶体材料热处理后的最小抗拉强度保证值，MPa
Rm 抗拉强度实测值，MPa
S 钢瓶筒体设计壁厚，mm
Sa 钢瓶筒体实测平均壁厚，mm
S0 扁试样的原始横截面积，mm²
S1 钢瓶底部中心设计壁厚，mm
S2 钢瓶凹形底部接地点设计壁厚，mm
T 人工缺陷深度，mm
V 公称水容积，L
W 人工缺陷宽度，mm
akV 冲击值，J/cm㎡
a 弧形扁试样的原始厚度，mm
b 扁试样的原始宽度，mm
h 钢瓶凹形底部外高度，mm
l 钢瓶筒体长度，mm
r 钢瓶端部及凹形底部内转角处半径，mm
4型式和参数
4.1型式
钢瓶瓶体一般应符合图1所示的型式。

a)三心凹底

b)热装底座

c)凸型底

d)H型底

e)双瓶口
图1结构型式
4.2参数
钢瓶的公称水容积及允许偏差应符合表1的规定。
表1钢瓶的公称水容积及允许偏差
公称水容积/L 允许偏差/%
0.5~2 +20
0
2~12 +10
0
>12~150 +5
0
4.3型号标记
钢瓶的型号命名方法应符合GB/T 15384的规定。
5技术要求
5.1瓶体材料
5.1.1一般要求
5.1.1.1应采用电炉或吹氧转炉冶炼的无时藏性镇静钢。
5.1.1.2钢瓶的瓶体材料应选用优质碳锰钢。
5.1.1.3钢瓶的瓶体材料应符合相关标准的规定，并有质量合格证明书原件或加盖材料供应单位检验公章和经办人章的复印件，钢瓶制单位应按炉罐号对材料进行化学成分验证分析。
5.1.1.4钢瓶瓶体材料的化学成分限定见表2，其允许偏差应符合GB/T 22的规定。
表2钢瓶瓶体材料化学成分(质量分数)
元素 钢种
碳锰钢
C ≤0.38%
Si 0.10%~0.35%
Mn 1.35%~1.75%
S ≤0.020%
P ≤0.020%
S+P ≤0.030%
5.1.2钢坯
5.1.2.1钢坯的形状尺寸和允许偏差应符合GB/T 13447有关规定。
5.1.2.2钢的低倍组织不允许有白点、残余缩孔、分层、气泡、异物和夹杂；中心疏松不大于1.5级，偏析不大于2.5级。
5.1.3无缝钢管
5.1.3.1无缝钢管的尺寸外形、内外表面质量和允许偏差应符合GB/T 18248规定。
5.1.3.2无缝钢管应由钢厂按GB/T 577—2008的规定逐根进行纵向和横向超声波探伤检验，应符合该标准L2级的规定。
5.2设计
5.2.1一般要求
5.2.1.1筒体的壁厚设计应取用材料热处理后的最小屈服强度保证值Re。
5.2.1.2设计计算所选用的最小屈服强度保证值Re，不得大于最小抗拉强度保证值Rg的75%。
5.2.1.3钢瓶的水压试验压力Ph至少应为公称工作压力的1.5倍。钢瓶的许用压力不得超过水压试验压力Ph的0.8倍。
5.2.1.4瓶体材料正火或正火后回火处理的最大抗拉强度应小于800MPa。
5.2.2壁厚设计
筒体的设计壁厚S应按式(1)计算后向上圆整至少保留一位小数，同时应符合式(2)的要求，且不得小于1.5mm。
（1）
式中，F≤0.85。
（2）
5.2.3端部设计
5.2.3.1钢瓶凸形端部结构一般如图2所示，其中a)、b)、d)、e)是底部形状，c)和f)是肩部形状。
5.2.3.2钢瓶凸形端部与筒体连接部位应圆滑过渡，其厚度不得小于筒体设计壁厚S，凸形端部内转角半径r应不小于0.075D，凸形底部中心设计壁厚S1应符合下列要求：
a)当0.2≤H/D<0.4时，S1≥1.5S；
b)当H/D≥0.4时，S1≥S。


说明：
1—钢瓶筒体。
图2凸形底部及肩部结构示意图
5.2.3.3当钢瓶设计采用凹形底部结构(见图3)时，设计尺寸应符合下列要求：
a)S1≥2S；
b)S2≥2S；
c)r≥0.075D；
d)h≥0.12D。

图3凹形底部结构示意图
5.2.3.4钢瓶凹形底部的环壳与筒体之间应有过渡段，过渡段与筒体的连接应圆滑过渡，其厚度不得小于筒体设计壁厚S。
5.2.3.5凹形底钢瓶直立时接地点外圆直径应不小于0.75D，以保证气瓶直立时的稳定性。
5.2.3.6钢瓶制造单位应通过水压爆破试验和疲劳试验来验证端部设计是合理的。
5.2.4瓶口设计
5.2.4.1钢瓶瓶口螺纹一般应采用锥螺纹，锥螺纹应符合GB/T 8335或相关标准的规定，有效螺纹扣数不少于8扣，12L及以下的钢瓶有效螺纹不少于7扣。如果采用普通螺纹，普通螺纹尺寸及公差应符合GB/T 196和GB/T 197或相关标准的要求，有效螺纹数在钢瓶水压试验压力ph下计算的剪切安全系数应至少为10，且不少于6扣。
5.2.4.2钢瓶瓶口的厚度，应保证有足够的强度，以保证瓶口在承受上阀力矩和铆合颈圈的附加外力时不产生塑性变形。
5.2.5底圈设计
钢瓶设计带有底圈结构时，应保证底圈具有足够的强度，且底圈材料应与瓶体材料相容。底圈形状应为圆筒状并能保证钢瓶的稳定性。底圈与瓶体的连接不得使用焊接方法，其结构不得造成积水。
5.2.6颈圈设计
钢瓶设计带有颈圈时，应保证颈圈具有足够的强度，且颈圈材料应与瓶体材料相容。颈圈与瓶体的连接不得使用焊接方法。颈圈的轴向拉脱力应不小于10倍的空瓶重且不小于1000N，抗转动扭矩应不小于100N·m。
5.3制造
5.3.1一般要求
5.3.1.1钢瓶制造应符合本部分和产品图样及相关技术文件的规定。
5.3.1.2钢瓶瓶体一般采用下列制造方法：
a)以钢坯为原料，经冲拔拉伸、收口制成，简称冲拔瓶；
b)以无缝钢管为原料，经收底、收口制成，简称管制瓶。
5.3.1.3钢瓶瓶体制造前应按材料的炉罐号对化学成分进行分析验证，分析方法按GB/T 223或GB/T 4336执行，结果应符合5.1要求。
5.3.1.4钢瓶不允许作焊接处理。管制瓶底部内表面的裂纹、夹杂、未熔合等缺陷，应采用机械铣削等方法去除。
5.3.1.5对瓶体的表面缺陷允许采用专用工具进行修磨，修磨坡度不大于1：3。
5.3.2组批
制造应按批管理，每批数量不大于500只加上破坏性试验用瓶数。
5.3.3热处理
钢瓶瓶体应进行整体热处理，热处理应按经评定合格的正火或正火后回火处理工艺进行。
5.3.4无损检测
钢瓶瓶体热处理后应逐只进行无损检测。
5.3.5水压试验
钢瓶瓶体应逐只进行水压试验，水压试验后应进行内表面干燥处理，不得有残留水渍。
5.3.6瓶口螺纹
钢瓶瓶口螺纹的牙型、尺寸和公差，应符合GB/T 8335或相关标准的规定。
5.3.7附件
5.3.7.1根据充装气体的性质选配相应的瓶阀，锥螺纹瓶阀、普通螺纹瓶阀装配扭矩参见附录A中表A.1、表A.2的要求控制。
5.3.7.2钢瓶一般应配瓶帽或护罩岀厂，瓶帽或护罩型式分固定式或可卸式，可用金属或树脂材料制成，并能够抵抗外力的冲击。
5.3.7.3采用螺纹连接的附件，牙型、尺寸和公差应符合GB/T 8335或相关标准的规定。
6试验方法
6.1壁厚和制造公差
6.1.1瓶体厚度应采用超声波测厚仪测量。
6.1.2瓶体制造公差用标准量具或专用的量具、样板进行检验，检验项目包括筒体的平均外径、圆度垂直度和直线度。
6.2底部密封性试验
采用适当的试验装置对瓶体底部内表面中心区加压，加压面积应至少为瓶体底部面积的1/16，且加压区域直径至少为20mm，试验介质可为洁净的空气或氮气。加压到密封性试验压力后，保压至少min，保压期间应观察瓶体底部中心区域是否泄漏。
6.3内、外表面
目测检查，内表面检查应有足够的光照，可借助于内窥镜或适当的工具进行检查。
6.4瓶口内螺纹
目测和用量规检查。锥螺纹按GBT8335和GB/T 8336或相关标准检查，普通螺纹按GB/T 196和GB/T 197或相关标准检查。
6.5无损检测
无损检测可采用在线自动超声检测或在线自动磁粉检测。超声检测按附录B执行；磁粉检测按附录C执行。
6.6水压试验
水压试验采用外测法进行容积变形率测试，按GB/T 9251执行。
6.7气密性试验
气密性试验按GB/T 12137执行。
6.8瓶体热处理后各项性能指标测定。
6.8.1取样
6.8.1.1试样的截取部位如图4所示，其中拉伸试验试样应沿筒体成180°对称位置截取。