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This standard is jointly prepared by the Institute of Electronic Industry Standardization of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Electronics Engineering Design Institute Co., Ltd. (CEEDI) in conjunction with relevant design and research units in accordance with the requirements of the Notice on printing and distributing the development and revision plan on engineering construction standards and codes in 2015 (JIANBIAO [2014] No. 189) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.
During the process of developing this standard, the drafting group have investigated and visited the domestic production, design and construction units involved with production of lithium-ion batteries, and collected the design requirements of lithium ion battery factories; after extensive investigation and careful summarization of practical experience, with reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and based on widely soliciting opinions, it finalized this standard finally through review.
This standard consists of 11 clauses and 1 annex covering, general provisions, terms, basic requirement, process, site selection and master plan, architectural design, structural design, gases & utility, heating, ventilation, air conditioning and cleaning, water supply and drainage, and electrical design.
The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this code and the explanation of the compulsory provisions; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is responsible for current management; and China Electronics Engineering Design Institute is responsible for the explanation of specific technical contents. In the process of execution of this code, all relevant organizations are kindly requested to carefully sum up experience and data in combination with engineering or shall send the relevant comments and data on necessary revisions and additions (if found) to China Electronics Engineering Design Institute (Address: No.160, West 4th Ring North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, Zip Code: 100142) as the reference for later revision.
Design standard for lithium-ion battery factories
1 General provisions
1.0.1 To implement the relevant national laws, regulations and provisions on the design of lithium-ion battery factories, to meet the requirements in safe production, energy conservation, environmental protection, advanced technology development, economic rationality and quality assurance, this standard is prepared.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to design for new construction, renovation and extension of lithium-ion battery factories.
1.0.3 In addition to this standard, the design of lithium-ion battery factories shall also comply with the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 lithium-ion battery
rechargeable battery in which lithium ions are repeatedly stripped and embedded at positive and negative electrodes
2.0.2 dry room
room with a relative humidity of 1% or less and an air dry bulb temperature of 25℃
2.0.3 blend
process in which active materials and accessory materials of batteries are highly dispersed in a solvent to form a highly-viscous non-Newtonian fluid
2.0.4 fill
process of injecting electrolyte into a battery
2.0.5 coating
process of coating a slurry onto a collector fluid and then removing the solvent by drying. current collector
2.0.6 formation
process of charging and discharging a battery
2.0.7 electrolyte
electrolyte of lithium-ion battery is a mixture of organic solvent and electrolyte salt compound. A common organic solvent is a mixture of cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate, and electrolyte salt compounds include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) and lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) and others
2.0.8 N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP)
chemical solvent, used in the slurry making process, that can uniformly dispersing the active materials
3 Basic requirements
3.0.1 The design of lithium-ion battery factories shall feature in reasonable use of resources, environment protection, and prevention of environmental pollution and hazards from waste gas, waste water, slag, dust, noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation and others generated in the production and construction activities.
3.0.2 The design of lithium-ion battery factories shall comply with the following requirements:
1 New technology, equipment and materials shall be used according to the characteristics of the production process;
2 The design shall meet the requirements of equipment installation, commissioning, maintenance, safety production and maintenance management;
3 The measures taken shall meet the requirements of fire protection and the energy conservation measures shall be taken;
4 The design shall meet the requirements of low humidity environment required for the production of lithium-ion batteries;
5 The anticorrosion practice shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB 50046 Description for anticorrosion design of industrial constructions.
3.0.3 The design capacity of the production line should be in line with the requirements of the economic scale, and the design should allow for future expansion conditions.
4 Process
4.1 General
4.1.1 The process design for lithium-ion battery factories shall meet the following requirements:
1 Product quality and production efficiency shall be guaranteed;
2 The process shall be designed to prevent and reduce the damage and impact of occupational disease hazards on workers' health and reduce their labor intensity;
3 The process shall be flexible and adaptable;
4 The process shall be helpful to reduce project cost and operating cost.
4.1.2 The production capacity shall be designed according to the type of product, current production and future development plan.
4.1.3 The production space and its layout, production environment parameters and power supply conditions should be determined according to the requirements of the process, while the technological transformation and upgrading should be taken into account.
4.1.4 The main production department should apply the production organization mode of continuous operation, and that for working shifts of other auxiliary production departments may be determined according to the production needs.
4.2 Basic production process
4.2.1 The production processes shall include positive and negative electrode blending, coating, rolling, drying, cutting, winding or laminating, encapsulation, filling, formation, testing, delivery and others. Typical production processes may be designed according to Annex A hereof.
4.2.2 Auxiliary production facilities related to the main production process shall be set up in the factory.
4.3 Process zoning
4.3.1 The process zoning for a lithium-ion battery factory shall comply with the following requirements:
1 The process zones shall be combined according to process characteristics and environmental requirements;
2 The blending and electrode preparation processes shall be set up separately for positive and negative electrode manufacturing;
3 The personal and materials flows into the production zone shall be designed to a parted mode, and the corresponding personal and material cleaning facilities shall be set up;
4 The production zone shall be set up with the passageway for equipment moving in and out, the factory building shall be set up with moving-in entrance and transport and installation channel for process equipment and power equipment; the width of the passageway shall meet the requirements of personnel operation, material transport, equipment installation and maintenance;
5 The process equipment shall be arranged according to the process flow on the principle of production process concentration;
6 Ancillary production departments closely related to production shall be close to the production zone.
4.3.2 If visiting facilities are in the production zones, the visiting zone and its passages shall be isolated from the production zone, and such arrangement shall ensure the smooth flow of materials and personnel evacuation passages in the production zones.
4.3.3 The factory should be set up with the storehouses for raw materials, auxiliary materials, finished products, chemicals and wastes, the arrangement of them should meet the following requirements:
1 The storehouses shall be set up by classes according to the physical and chemical properties of the stored materials and the requirements of the storage environment;
2 The storehouse of raw and auxiliary materials should be in the mode of "first-in and first-out";
3 The storehouses for main raw and auxiliary materials and finished products shall be equipped with transport passageway to access them.
4.4 Equipment allocation
4.4.1 The process equipment with its own micro-environmental device is preferred in the dry rooms.
4.4.2 The filling equipment should be set up with airtight exhaust devices.
4.4.3 A large-scale lithium-ion battery production line should be equipped with an automatic material handling system, and a vertical transportation equipment should be used for the production zones featured in multi-layer arrangement.
4.4.4 The blending and rolling processes should be equipped with lifting equipment.
4.4.5 Full-automatic production lines are preferred for large-scale production.
5 Site selection and master plan
5.1 General
5.1.1 The master plan of a lithium-ion battery factory shall be determined according to factory scale, production process, transportation, environmental protection, fire protection, safety and health requirements, in combination with the natural conditions and surrounding environment of the site.
5.1.2 The master plan of a factory shall meet the following requirements:
1 It shall meet the requirements of urban planning;
2 Technical and economic conditions such as land resource utilization, engineering investment and environmental protection shall be considered comprehensively, to achieve compact layout and land use reduction;
3 Material and human flows shall be organized rationally; the material flows shall be convenient while persons and vehicles shall be separated;
4 The plan layout and landscape design of the building complex shall be planned in a unified way.
5.2 General layout
5.2.1 The general layout of the lithium-ion battery factories shall meet the following requirements:
1 Buildings, structures and other facilities should be arranged in a centralized combination;
2 The functional zoning of the factory zones shall be clear, and the width of the road shall meet the requirements in fire protection, transportation and safety distance;
3 The shape of the building should be neat, and the arrangement of the facilities should be compact and reasonable;
5.2.2 The building spacing shall meet the requirements in fire protection, transportation, safety and health, as well as the requirements on arrangement of pipelines, greening, construction installation and maintenance, and vertical design.
5.2.3 The general layout shall be combined with the topographical and engineering geological conditions on the site and shall meet the following requirements:
1 Buildings, structures and related facilities shall be arranged according to the requirements of the production process;
2 It shall meet the vertical design requirements for site drainage and road connection;
3 Vertical design shall be based on factors such as material handling and gravity flow of wastewater;
4 Expansion and reconstruction projects shall be given priority to use of the original facilities.
5.2.4 The power station should be arranged close to the main plant.
5.2.5 The chemical library shall be set up separately, managed separately, should be located at the edge of the factory, and should be separated by fences or walls.
5.2.6 Resource recovery stations may be set up separately or in combination with other auxiliary facilities.
5.2.7 Dormitories, canteens and activity rooms should be separated from the production zones and arranged in groups.
5.3 Vertical design
5.3.1 The vertical design of a lithium-ion battery factory site shall meet the requirements of urban planning, flood control and drainage, and shall be coordinated with the drainage system of existing roads and planned roads outside the site and the topographic elevation around the factory. The minimum design elevation of the site shall be more than 0.2m higher than that of the lowest section of the surrounding municipal roads.
5.3.2 The site shall be equipped with the facilities to drain rainwater from the ground and road surface to the urban drainage system, and the rainwater recycling measures should be taken.
5.3.3 The vertical design shall be carried out simultaneously with the general layout, and the vertical layout shall be reasonably determined with the actual terrain, production process and transportation mode.
5.3.4 The elevation difference of the floor in and out of the building shall not be less than 0.15m.
5.3.5 The elevation of the loading and unloading platform for the building shall match the model of the transport vehicles and shall meet the loading and unloading requirements.
5.3.6 The elevation of the entrance and exit of the factory should not be lower than that of the road surface outside the factory.
Foreword ii
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic requirements
4 Process
4.1 General
4.2 Basic production process
4.3 Process zoning
4.4 Equipment allocation
5 Site selection and master plan
5.1 General
5.2 General layout
5.3 Vertical design
5.4 Transportation organization
5.5 Greening design
6 Architectural design
6.1 General
6.2 Fire safety and evacuation
6.3 Interior decoration
7 Structural design
7.1 General
7.2 Material of building
7.3 Structural design of factory buildings
8 Gases and utility
8.1 General
8.2 Nitrogen gas supply system
8.3 Compressed-dry-air supply system
8.4 Inert gases supply
8.5 Process vacuum system
8.6 NMP recycle and electrolyte supply systems
9 Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and cleaning
9.1 General
9.2 Heating
9.3 Ventilation and waste gas treatment
9.4 Air conditioning and air cleaning
9.5 Anti-smoke exhaust
10 Water supply and drainage
10.1 General requirements
10.2 General water supply
10.3 Process water
10.4 Fire protection
10.5 Drainage
11 Electrical design
11.1 General description
11.2 Power supply system and illumination
11.3 Grounding
11.4 IT and automatic control
Annex A Typical process flow of lithium-ion battery
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
