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According to the requirements of Document JIANBIAO [2014] No. 189 issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, “Notification on printing and distributing the Plan 2015 for development and revision of national engineering construction standards and specifications”, this standard is developed by Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd and Shanghai General Public Security and Fire Brigade jointly with the parties concerned.
In the preparation of this standard, the standard preparation team conducted in-depth investigations on some production enterprises in domestic (fine) chemical zones (parks) , drawn from practical experience of engineering fire protection design of domestic fine chemical enterprises, and assimilated relevant domestic and foreign outcomes in construction standards and specifications, to finalize this standard based on extensive consultations, through repeated discussions, modifications and improvements, and review.
The main technical contents of this standard include general, terms, classification of fire hazards, plant siting and general layout, process system and production facilities, storage facilities, pipeline arrangement, fire prevention of industrial building (warehouse), fire-fighting facilities, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and electrical, etc.
The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China is in charge of the administration of this standard and the explanation of the compulsory provisions, China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association is in charge of routine management, and Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd is in charge of the explanation of specific technical contents. In case of any comment or suggestion in the process of implementing this standard, please send it to Shanghai HuaYi Engineering Co., Ltd (Address: No.788 Chengjiang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai; 200241 China) for reference in future revision.
Contents
1 General 1
2 Terms 1
3 Classification of fire hazards 3
4 Plant siting and general layout 3
4.1 Plant siting 3
4.2 General layout 8
4.3 In-plant roads 12
5 Process system and production facilities 12
5.1 General requirements 12
5.2 Reactor 14
5.3 Pumps and compressors 15
5.4 Thermal fluid boiler 16
5.5 Arrangement in production facilities 17
5.6 Wastewater treatment and circulating water 22
5.7 Pressure relief 23
5.8 Process monitoring and automatic control 26
6 Storage facilities 27
6.1 General requirements 27
6.2 Storage tank for combustible liquid 27
6.3 Storage tanks for liquefied hydrocarbon, combustible gas or combustion-supporting gas 31
6.4 Loading and unloading facilities for tank trucks carrying combustible liquids and liquefied hydrocarbons 33
6.5 In-plant warehouse 34
7 Pipeline arrangement 35
7.1 In-plant pipelines 35
7.2 Process and utilities pipelines 35
7.3 Pipelines of process wastewater containing combustible liquid 37
8 Fire prevention of plant building (warehouse) 38
8.1 Fire resistance rating of plant building (warehouse) and fire endurance of construction elements 38
8.2 Height, story number and area of plant building (warehouse) 39
8.3 Plane arrangement of plant building (warehouse) 41
8.4 Explosion protection of plant building (warehouse) 43
8.5 Safe evacuation of plant building (warehouse) 43
9 Fire fighting facilities 45
9.1 General requirements 45
9.2 Enterprise fire station 45
9.3 Water supply for fire fighting 45
9.4 Fire hydrant system 47
9.5 Automatic fire suppression system 48
9.6 Arrangement of fire extinguishers 49
9.7 Water drainage for fire fighting 49
10 Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning 50
10.1 Heating 50
10.2 Ventilation and air conditioning 50
10.3 Positive pressure ventilation 52
10.4 Emergency ventilation 53
10.5 Smoke control and exhaust system 54
11 Electrical 54
11.1 Power source and power distribution for fire fighting 54
11.2 Transformer, distribution cabinet and cabling 55
11.3 Fire emergency lighting 56
11.4 Lightning protection and static protection 56
11.5 Automatic fire alarm system 57
Annex A Starting and ending points of fire separation distance 58
Explanation of wording in this standard 59
List of quoted standards 60
Fire protection standard for engineering design of fine chemical enterprise
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is intended to standardize the fire protection design of fine chemical enterprises, prevent and reduce fire hazards, and ensure personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to fire protection design for new construction, extension and retrofit of fine chemical enterprises with a total capacity of liquefied hydrocarbon tanks up to 300m3 and individual tank capacity up to 100m3, a total capacity of Class AB and Class B liquid tanks up to 5,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 1,000m3, a total capacity of Class C liquid tanks up to 25,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 5,000m3, and a total capacity of combustible gas tanks up to 5,000m3 and individual tank capacity up to 1,000m3, in the storage farm.
1.0.3 The engineering design for fire protection of fine chemical enterprises (the “fire protection design”) shall follow the relevant national approaches and policies, and adopt new techniques, new materials and new equipment on the basis of continuous drawing from production, construction and scientific experiments, so as to be safe, serviceable, technologically advanced, and economical.
1.0.4 The fire protection design shall not only comply with this standard but also current relevant national standards.
2 Terms
2.0.1 fine chemical enterprise
factory that produces high-value-added and technology-intensive fine chemical products with specific functions, for specific uses, in small batches and multiple varieties, from primary or secondary chemicals and biomass materials produced in the basic chemical industry as initial feedstock through deep processing
2.0.2 production facilities
process equipment required to complete the production process (production of products), including production equipment, industrial building, auxiliary equipment and various supporting facilities
2.0.3 process system
system composed of reactor, tower, heat exchanger, container, thermal fluid boiler, pump and other process equipment, pipelines and control instruments
2.0.4 overall major facilities
buildings and facilities, e.g. plant-wide office, control, laboratory, power transformation and distribution, fire pump house (station) and enterprise fire station, which may cause heavy casualties and property losses in case of fire
2.0.5 enclosed industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, all or part of which adopts uniformly distributed enclosed wall (including door and window) outer envelopes which cover an area exceeding 1/2 of the surface areas of the building's outer enclosure (excluding the roof) or has a perimeter exceeding 1/4 of the perimeter of the building's outer enclosure, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area exceeding 1/2 of the floor area
2.0.6 semi-enclosed industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, part of which adopts uniformly distributed enclosed wall (including door and window) outer envelopes which cover an area not exceeding 1/2 of the surface areas of the building's outer enclosure (excluding the roof) or has a perimeter not exceeding 1/4 of the perimeter of the building's outer enclosure, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area not exceeding 1/2 and not less than 5% of the floor area
2.0.7 opened industrial building
production-purpose building with a roof, which is free of outer envelopes, or in any floor of which there is a functional room locally with an closed enclosure covering an area not exceeding 5% of the floor area
2.0.8 joint building
complex building with sites for functional uses, e.g. production, storage, utilities and auxiliaries, adjacently distributed according to the characteristic requirements of process production
2.0.9 storage tanks within production workshop
tanks that are arranged in or at the edge of production facilities in order to balance production, product quality inspection or single-exercise input, etc. depending on process requirement, and do not directly participate in the processes, in normal production, excluding the containers in the processes
2.0.10 non-electrical equipment
equipment that contains no electrical components and can cause explosion due to non-electrical potential ignition source when used in explosive environment
2.0.11 protection air lock
service space that is equipped with forced draft and compartmented by fire partition so it is enabled to prevent spread of fire, buffer explosion shock wave and limit diffusion of explosive substances
3 Classification of fire hazards
3.0.1 The fire hazard classification of production and storage articles shall comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings. The fire hazard classification of liquefied hydrocarbons and combustible liquids shall comply with the current national standard GB 50160 Fire prevention code of petrochemical enterprise design.
3.0.2 In case of production or storage with different fire hazards in a plant building or warehouse, the fire hazard classification of the plant building or warehouse shall be comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings.
4 Plant siting and general layout
4.1 Plant siting
4.1.1 Plant siting shall meet local requirements of the overall urban and rural planning.
4.1.2 The siting shall be reasonably determined according to the characteristics and fire hazard classes of enterprises, adjacent enterprises or facilities, as well as natural conditions such as wind direction and topography.
4.1.3 Siting of an enterprise emitting harmful substances shall be on the windward side of the neighboring residential areas or towns with the yearly-minimum-frequency wind direction, and shall avoid wind trapping areas. For enterprises with higher cleanliness requirements, if severe air pollution cannot be kept away from, siting shall be on the windward side of the yearly-maximum-frequency wind direction or on the leeward side of the yearly-minimum-frequency wind direction.
4.1.4 Regional flood drains shall not pass through any production area of the plant.
4.1.5 The fire separation distance between fine chemical enterprise and adjacent factory or facility shall not be less than that specified in Table 4.1.5.
Table 4.1.5 Fire separation distance between fine chemical enterprise and adjacent factory or facility (m)
Adjacent factory or facility Liquefied hydrocarbon storage tank Class A and B liquid storage tanks Storage tank for combustible gases Class A and B production facilities Overall major facilities (except enterprise fire stations)
Total capacity Vt or individual capacity Vi (m3) Total capacity Vt (m3) Total capacity Vt (m3)
Vt≤50
Vi≤20 50
1 General
2 Terms
3 Classification of fire hazards
4 Plant siting and general layout
4.1 Plant siting
4.2 General layout
4.3 In-plant roads
5 Process system and production facilities
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Reactor
5.3 Pumps and compressors
5.4 Thermal fluid boiler
5.5 Arrangement in production facilities
5.6 Wastewater treatment and circulating water
5.7 Pressure relief
5.8 Process monitoring and automatic control
6 Storage facilities
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Storage tank for combustible liquid
6.3 Storage tanks for liquefied hydrocarbon, combustible gas or combustion-supporting gas
6.4 Loading and unloading facilities for tank trucks carrying combustible liquids and liquefied hydrocarbons
6.5 In-plant warehouse
7 Pipeline arrangement
7.1 In-plant pipelines
7.2 Process and utilities pipelines
7.3 Pipelines of process wastewater containing combustible liquid
8 Fire prevention of plant building (warehouse)
8.1 Fire resistance rating of plant building (warehouse) and fire endurance of construction elements
8.2 Height, story number and area of plant building (warehouse)
8.3 Plane arrangement of plant building (warehouse)
8.4 Explosion protection of plant building (warehouse)
8.5 Safe evacuation of plant building (warehouse)
9 Fire fighting facilities
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Enterprise fire station
9.3 Water supply for fire fighting
9.4 Fire hydrant system
9.5 Automatic fire suppression system
9.6 Arrangement of fire extinguishers
9.7 Water drainage for fire fighting
10 Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
10.1 Heating
10.2 Ventilation and air conditioning
10.3 Positive pressure ventilation
10.4 Emergency ventilation
10.5 Smoke control and exhaust system
11 Electrical
11.1 Power source and power distribution for fire fighting
11.2 Transformer, distribution cabinet and cabling
11.3 Fire emergency lighting
11.4 Lightning protection and static protection
11.5 Automatic fire alarm system
Annex A Starting and ending points of fire separation distance
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
1 总 则
1.0.1 为规范精细化工企业工程防火设计，防止和减少火灾危害，确保人身和财产安全，制定本标准。
1.0.2 本标准适用于罐区液化烃储罐总容积不超过300m3、单罐容积不超过100m3，甲B和乙类液体储罐总容积不超过5000m3、单罐容积不超过1000m3，丙类液体储罐总容积不超过25000m3、单罐容积不超过5000m3，可燃气体储罐总容积不超过5000m3、单罐容积不超过1000m3的精细化工企业新建、扩建和改建工程的防火设计。
1.0.3精细化工企业工程防火设计，应遵循国家有关方针政策，在不断总结生产、建设和科学实验的基础上，采用新工艺、新材料和新设备，做到安全适用、技术先进、经济合理。
1.0.4 精细化工企业工程防火设计，除应执行本标准外。尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2 术 语
2.0.1 精细化工企业 fine chemical enterprise
以基础化学工业生产的初级或次级化学品、生物质材料等为起始原料，进行深加工而制取具有特定功能、特定用途、小批量、多品种、附加值高和技术密集的精细化工产品的工厂。
2.0.2 生产设施production facilities
为完成生产过程(生产产品)所需要的工艺装置，包括生产设备、厂房、辅助设备及各种配套设施。
2.0.3工艺系统process system
由反应器、塔、换热器、容器、导热油炉、机泵等工艺设备及管道和控制仪表等组成的系统。
2.0.4 全厂性重要设施 overall major facilities
发生火灾时，可能造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失的全厂性办公、控制、化验、变配电、消防泵房(站)、企业消防站等建筑和设施。
2.0.5 封闭式厂房 enclosed industrial building
设有屋顶，建筑全部或局部采用均匀分布的封闭墙体(含门、窗)外围护结构，所占面积超过该建筑外围护体表面面积的1/2(不含屋顶的面积)或所占周长超过该建筑外围护体周长的1/4，或任意一层局部设有封闭式围护结构的功能房间所占面积超过该楼层面积的1/2的生产性建筑物。
2.0.6半敞开式厂房 semi-enclosed industrial building
设有屋顶，建筑局部采用均匀分布的封闭墙体(含门、窗)外围护结构，所占面积不超过该建筑外围护体表面面积的1/2(不含屋顶的面积)或所占周长不超过该建筑外围护体周长的1/4，或任意一层局部设有封闭式围护结构的功能房间所占面积不超过该楼层面积的1/2且不小于该楼层面积的5％的生产性建筑物。
2.0.7 敞开式厂房 opened industrial building
设有屋顶，不设建筑外围护结构或任意一层局部设有封闭式围护结构的功能房间，所占面积不超过该楼层面积的5％的生产性建筑物。
2.0.8联合厂房 joint building
根据工艺生产的特性需求，由生产、储存、公用和辅助等使用功能场所相邻布置的联合体建筑。
2.0.9 车间储罐(组) storage tanks within production workshop
在正常生产过程中，不直接参加工艺过程，但工艺要求，为了平衡生产、产品质量检测或一次投入等需要在生产设施内或边缘布置的储罐(组)，不包括工艺过程中的容器。
2.0.10非电气设备 non-electrical equipment
不含电气组件，用于爆炸性环境时由于非电气潜在点燃源能引起爆炸的设备。
2.0.11防护门斗protection air lock
设有正压送风，用防火隔墙分隔，能防止火灾蔓延、缓冲爆炸冲击波及限制爆炸性物质扩散的使用空间。
3火灾危险性分类
3.0.1 生产及储存物品的火灾危险性分类应符合现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016的规定。液化烃、可燃液体的火灾危险性分级应符合现行国家标准《石油化工企业设计防火标准》GB 50160的规定。
3.0.2厂房或仓库内有不同火灾危险性生产或储存时，厂房或仓库的火灾危险性类别应按现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016执行。
4厂址选择与工厂总平面布置
4.1 厂址选择
4.1.1 厂址选择应符合当地城乡总体规划要求。
4.1.2 厂址应根据企业、相邻企业或设施的特点和火灾危险类别，结合风向与地形等自然条件合理确定。
4.1.3 散发有害物质的企业厂址宜位于邻近居民区或城镇全年最小频率风向的上风侧，且不应位于窝风地段。有较高洁净度要求的企业，当不能远离有严重空气污染区时，则应位于其最大频率风向的上风侧，或全年最小频率风向的下风侧。
4.1.4地区排洪沟不应通过工厂生产区。
4.1.5 精细化工企业与相邻工厂或设施的防火间距不应小于表4.1.5的规定。
表4.1.5精细化工企业与相邻工厂或设施的防火间距(m)
相邻工厂或设施 液化烃储罐 甲、乙类液体储罐 可燃气体储罐 甲、乙类生产设施 全厂性重要设施(企业消防站除外)
总容积V总或单罐容积V单(m3) 总容积V总(m3) 总容积V总(m3)
V总≤50
V单≤20 50
