GB/T 29772-2024 General requirements of electric vehicle battery swap station
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements, classification, site selection, power supply and distribution system, charging and battery swap system, supervisor and control system, driveways and parking spaces, civil engineering, safety and fire protection, as well as signs and markings for electric vehicle battery swap stations.
This document is applicable to the design, construction, and operation of electric vehicle battery swap stations.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 2893 Safety colours
GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 14549 Quality of electric energy supply - Harmonics in public supply network
GB/T 18487 (All parts) Electric vehicle conductive charging system
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 29317-2021 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure
GB/T 32879 General requirements for swapping battery pack connector of electric vehicle
GB/T 32895 Communication protocols for swapping battery pack of electric vehicle
GB/T 33341 General requirements for swapping battery pack rack of electric vehicle
GB 38031 Electric vehicles traction battery safety requirements
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB 50034 Standard for lighting design of buildings
GB 50052 Code for design electric power supply systems
GB 50053 Code for design of 20kV and below substation
GB 50054 Code for design of low voltage electrical installations
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB 50061-2010 Code for design of 66kV or under overhead electrical power transmission line
GB/T 50065 Code for design of ac electrical installations earthing
GB 50140 Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings
GB 50217-2018 Standard for design of cables of electric power engineering
GB/T 51077 Code for designing of electric vehicle battery-swap station
GB 55024 General code for building electricity and intelligence
GB 55037-2022 General specification for building fire protection
DL/T 448 Technical administrative code of electric energy metering
DL/T 814 Technical specification of distribution automation system
DL 5027 Typical extinguishing and protection regulation of electrical equipment
NB/T 33001 Specification for electric vehicle off-board conductive charger
NB/T 33005 Technical specification for monitoring system of electric vehicle charging station and battery swap station
NB/T 33021 Specification for electric vehicle off-board bi-directional charger
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596, GB/T 29317-2021 and the following apply.
3.1
battery swap station
a facility that provides battery swap services for electric vehicles
Note: Also referred to as a battery swap station.
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 3.1.2.1]
3.2
safe handling area
a designated area capable of effectively managing thermal runaway batteries to prevent risks to personnel and equipment
3.3
bi-direction charger
a dedicated device that connects the swappable battery system to the power grid (or load) with a fixed connection, enabling bidirectional energy conversion and transmission
3.4
SBS charger
a dedicated charging device used for charging swappable battery systems within a battery swap station
[Source: GB/T 29317-2021, 8.1.6]
3.5
station-grid interaction
a process in which a battery swap station interacts with the power grid through communication, control, and energy management technologies to participate in peak shaving, valley filling, demand response, and frequency regulation based on the demand of the power grid, enabling bidirectional information exchange and energy transfer with the power grid
3.6
prefabricated battery swap system
a modular prefabricated battery swap equipment that allows for rapid on-site assembly
Note: A prefabricated battery swap system generally consists of SBS swap equipment, SBS storage equipment, SBS transfer equipment, charging equipment, monitoring room, power distribution facilities, and supporting load-bearing or protective structures.
3.7
prefabricated battery swap station
battery swap station primarily composed of prefabricated battery swap systems
4 General requirements
4.1 The design of battery swap stations shall consider factors such as the development level of battery swapping technology, application scenarios, planning, environmental conditions, land use, fire protection, and construction conditions. It shall meet the requirements of safety and reliability, economic feasibility, environmental sustainability, and ease of installation and maintenance.
4.2 The overall planning of the battery swap station area shall be coordinated based on the construction scale and the functional layout. The service capacity and construction scale of the battery swap station shall include a margin based on service demand forecasts.
4.3 A battery swap station shall include SBS swap equipment, SBS storage equipment, vehicle guiding system, supervisor and control system, driveways, and safety protection facilities. It may also include SBS transfer equipment, SBS chargers/bi-direction chargers, SBS inspection and maintenance equipment, power supply and distribution system, parking spaces, safe handling area, and other auxiliary facilities.
4.4 A battery swap station may have the capability to charge electric vehicles.
4.5 The general layout of a battery swap station shall follow the principles of rational process arrangement, clear functional zoning, convenient traffic flow, and efficient land use.
4.6 The design of a battery swap station should fully account for the safety of battery swapping, charging, storage, and transfer operations, while also incorporating supervising/control and emergency response capabilities.
4.7 The layout of a battery swap station shall facilitate the smooth entry and exit of electric vehicles and the operation of SBS swap equipment.
4.8 Effective measures shall be taken for the battery swap station to ensure the safety of operating personnel, drivers, on-site equipment, vehicles, and SBS.
4.9 A battery swap station should have station-grid interaction capabilities and be able to participate in peak shaving and demand response when the distribution grid has a high load rate and limited capacity for additional power acceptance.
Contents Foreword III 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General requirements 5 Classification 6 Site selection 7 Power supply and distribution system 8 Charging and battery swap system 8.1 SBS charger/Bi-direction charger 8.2 SBS 8.3 SBS coupler 8.4 SBS rack 8.5 SBS swap equipment 8.6 SBS transfer equipment 8.7 Vehicle guiding system 8.8 SBS inspection and maintenance equipment 9 Supervisor and control system 10 Driveways and parking spaces 11 Civil engineering 12 Safety and fire protection 13 Signs and markings Bibliography
