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GB/T24610 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration is divided into 4 parts:
——Part 1: Fundamentals;
——Part 2: Radial ball bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface
——Part 3: Radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface;
——Part 4: Radial cylindrical roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface
This is Part 3 of GB/T 24610.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 24610.3-2009 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration —Part 3:Radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surfaceand has the following changes with respect to GB/T 24610.3-2009:
——The lower cut-off frequency of the low band with the rotation frequency of 900min-1 is modified (see Table 2; Table 2 of Edition 2009);
——The table titled examples of frequency ranges for non-default rotational frequencies is added (see Table 3);
——“Peak measurement" is changed into "Measurement of pulse and sharp pulse" (see 5.3; 5.3 in Edition 2009);
——Diagrams for sensor setting positions and diagrams for double row tapered roller bearings are modified (see Figure 2; Figure 2 of Edition 2009);
——“Requirements for operators” is deleted (see 6.4 of Edition 2009);
This part, by means of translation, is identical to ISO 15242-3: 2017 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 3: Radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface.
The Chinese document consistent and corresponding with the normative international document in this part is as follows:
——GB/T 1800.2-2009 Geometrical product specifications (GPS)—Limits and fits—Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts (ISO 286-2:1988,MOD)
——GB/T 2298-2010 Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring — Vocabulary (ISO 2041:2009, IDT)
——GB/T 4199-2003 Rolling Bearing —Tolerances—Definitions (ISO 1132-1:2000, MOD)
——GB/T 6930-2002 Rolling bearings—Vocabulary (ISO 5593: 1997, IDT)
——GB/T24610.1-2019 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 1: Fundamentals (ISO 15242-1:2015, IDT)
This part was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Sliding Bearings of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 98).
The previous edition of this part is as follows:
——GB/T 24610.3-2009.
Introduction
Vibration in rotating rolling bearings can be of importance as an operating characteristic of such bearings. The vibration can affect the performance of the mechanical system incorporating the bearing and can result in audible noise when the vibration is transmitted to the environment in which the mechanical system operates, can lead to damages, and can even create health problems.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings is a complex physical phenomenon dependent on the conditions of operation. Measuring the vibration of an individual bearing under a certain set of conditions does not necessarily characterize the vibration under a different set of conditions or when the bearing becomes part of a larger assembly. Assessment of the audible sound generated by the mechanical system incorporating the bearing is further complicated by the influence of the interface conditions,the location and orientation of the sensing device, and the acoustical environment in which the system operates. Assessment of airborne noise that, for the purpose of GB/T 24610 (all parts), can be defined as any disagreeable and undesired sound, is further complicated by the subjective nature of the terms disagreeable and undesired. Structure-borne vibration can be considered the driving mechanism that ultimately results in the generation of airborne noise. Only selected methods for the measurement of the structure-borne vibration of rotating rolling bearings are addressed in the current edition of all parts of GB/T 24610.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings can be assessed by a number of means using various types of transducers and measurement conditions. No simple set of values characterizing the vibration of a bearing is adequate for the evaluation of the vibratory performance in all possible applications. Ultimately, a knowledge of the type of bearing, its application and the purpose of the vibration measurement (e.g. as a manufacturing process diagnostic or an assessment of the product quality) is required to select the most suitable method for measuring. The field of application for standards on bearing vibration is, therefore, not universal. However, certain methods have established a wide enough level of application to be considered as standard methods.
This part serves to define the detailed method for assessing vibration of radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface on a measuring device.
Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 3:Radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 24610 specifies vibration measuring methods for double-row radial spherical roller bearings and single-row and double-row radial tapered roller bearings, with cylindrical bore and outside surface and a contact angle up to and including 45°, under established measuring conditions.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 286-2 Geometrical product specifications (GPS)—ISO code system for torlerances on linear sizes—Part 2:Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts.
ISO 1132-1 Rolling bearings—Tolerances—Part 1:Terms and definitions
ISO 2041 Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring—Vocabulary
ISO 5593 Rolling bearings—Vocabulary
ISO 15242-1: 2015 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 1: Fundamentals
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1132-1, ISO 2041, ISO 5593 and ISO 15242-1 apply.
4 Measurement process
4.1 Rotational frequency
The default rotational frequency shall be 900 min−1 (15 s−1), with a tolerance .
Other rotational frequencies and tolerances may be used by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer; e.g. it may be necessary to use a higher rotational frequency for bearings in the smaller size range in order to obtain an adequate vibration signal. Conversely, it may be necessary to use a lower rotational frequency for bearings in the larger size range to avoid possible roller, rib and raceway damage.
4.2 Bearing axial load
The bearing load shall be in the axial direction with default values as specified in Table 1
Table 1 Default values for bearing axial load
Bearing outside diameter
D Double-row radial spherical roller bearings Single-row and double-row radial tapered roller bearings
Contact angle ≤ 23° 23° < Contact angle ≤ 45°
> ≤ Default values for bearing axial load
min. max. min. max. min. max.
mm N N N
30 50 45 55 90 110 180 220
50 70 90 110 180 220 360 440
70 100 180 220 360 440 720 880
100 140 360 440 720 880 1080 1320
140 170 540 660 1080 1320 1440 1760
170 200 720 880 1440 1760 1800 2200
Other axial loads and tolerances may be used by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer, e.g. depending on bearing design, rotational frequency and lubricant used It may be necessary to use a higher load to prevent roller/raceway slip, or a lower load to avoid possible roller, rib and raceway damage.
5 Measurement and evaluation methods
5.1 Physical quantity measured
The default physical quantity to be measured is root mean square vibration velocity, νrms(µm/s), in the radial direction.
5.2 Frequency domain
The vibration velocity shall be analysed in one or more bands with default frequency ranges as specified in Table 2.
Other frequency ranges may be considered by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer in those instances where specific ranges have greater importance to successful operation of the bearing. Commonly used examples are listed in Table 3.
Foreword i Introduction iii 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Measurement process 4.1 Rotational frequency 4.2 Bearing axial load 5 Measurement and evaluation methods 5.1 Physical quantity measured 5.2 Frequency domain 5.3 Measurement of pulses and spike 5.4 Measurement 6 Conditions for measurement 6.1 Bearing conditions for measurement 6.2 Conditions of the measurement environment 6.3 Conditions for the measurement device Annex A (Normative) Measurement: external axial loading alignment
滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第3部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承 Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 3 ：Radial spherical and tapered roller bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface (ISO 15242-3：2017，IDT)
2019-10-18发布 2020-05-01实施 国家市场监督管理总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会 发布 前言 GB／T24610《滚动轴承 振动测量方法》分为4个部分： ——第1部分：基础； ——第2部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的向心球轴承； ——第3部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承； ——第4部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的圆柱滚子轴承。 本部分为GB／T 24610的第3部分。 本部分按照GB／T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。 本部分代替GB／T 24610.3—2009《滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第3部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承》，与GB／T 24610.3—2009相比，主要技术变化如下： ——修改了旋转频率900min－1的低频带的下截止频率(见表2，2009年版的表2)； ——增加了“非设定旋转频率的频率范围示例”表(见表3)； ——将“峰值测量”改为“脉冲和尖锐脉冲的测量”(见5.3，2009年版的5.3)； ——修改了传感器设定位置的图示说明和双列圆锥滚子轴承的示意图(见图2，2009年版的图2)； ——删除了“对操作者的要求”(见2009年版的6.4)。 本部分使用翻译法等同采用ISO15242-3：2017《滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第3部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承》。 与本部分中规范性引用的国际文件有一致性对应关系的我国文件如下： ——GB／T 1800.2—2009产品几何技术规范(GPS) 极限与配合 第2部分：标准公差等级和孔、轴极限偏差表(ISO 286-2：1988，MOD) ——GB／T 2298—2010机械振动、冲击与状态监测 词汇(ISO2041：2009，IDT) ——GB／T 4199—2003滚动轴承 公差 定义(ISO 1132-1：2000，MOD) ——GB／T 6930—2002滚动轴承 词汇(ISO 5593：1997，IDT) ——GB／T 24610.1—2019滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第1部分：基础(ISO 15242-1：2015，IDT) 本部分由中国机械工业联合会提出。 本部分由全国滚动轴承标准化技术委员会(SAC／TC 98)归口。 本部分所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为： ——GB／T 24610.3—2009。 引言 滚动轴承旋转时的振动是其一个重要运转特性。振动会影响装有轴承的机械系统的性能。当振动向运转的机械系统所处的环境传播时，会引起可闻噪声，进而会导致系统损伤，甚至会造成健康问题。 滚动轴承旋转时的振动是与运转条件有关的一种复杂的物理现象。在某一组条件下测量的单套轴承的振动值并不一定表征不同的条件下或该轴承成为一较大部件中的一个零件时的振动值。评定装有轴承的机械系统产生的声响就更加复杂，它还受界面条件、感应装置的位置和方向以及系统运转所处声学环境的影响。空气噪声——GB／T 24610(所有部分)定义为任何令人不愉快的、不希望有的声音，由于术语“令人不愉快的、不希望有的”具有主观特性，因而其评定更加复杂。可以认为轴承的结构振动是最终导致空气噪声产生的驱动源。GB／T 24610(所有部分)仅列入了经过选择的轴承结构振动的测量方法。 轴承振动可采用许多方法中的任一种来评定，不同的评定方法使用不同类型的传感器和测试条件。没有任何一组表征轴承振动的数值能够对所有可能的使用条件下的轴承振动性能进行评定。最终，还应根据已知的轴承类型、使用条件以及振动测试目的(例如，是作为制造过程诊断，或是作为产品质量评定)等，来选择最适用的测试方法。因此，轴承振动标准的适用范围并不是通用的。然而，某些方法已确立了十分广泛的适用范围，被认为是标准方法。 本部分详细规定了在测试装置上评定具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承振动的方法。 滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第3部分：具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的调心滚子轴承和圆锥滚子轴承 1 范围 GB／T 24610的本部分规定了在所确立的测试条件下，接触角不大于45°的双列调心滚子轴承以及单列和双列圆锥滚子轴承的振动测量方法。 本部分适用于具有圆柱孔和圆柱外表面的双列调心滚子轴承以及单列和双列圆锥滚子轴承。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 ISO 286-2产品几何技术规范(GPS)线性尺寸公差ISO代号体系第2部分：标准公差等级和孔、轴极限偏差表[Geometrical product specifications(GPS)—ISO code system for torlerances on linear sizes—Part 2：Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts.] ISO 1132-1 滚动轴承 公差 第1部分：术语和定义(Rolling bearings—Tolerances—Part 1：Terms and definitions) ISO 2041 机械振动、冲击与状态监测词汇(Mechanical vibration，shock and condition monitoring—Vocabulary) ISO 5593 滚动轴承 词汇(Rolling bearings—Vocabulary) ISO 15242-1：2015 滚动轴承 振动测量方法 第1部分：基础(Rolling bearings—Measuring methods for vibration—Part 1：Fundamentals) 3 术语和定义 ISO 1132-1、ISO 2041、ISO 5593和ISO 15242-1界定的术语和定义适用于本文件。 4 测量程序 4.1 旋转频率 旋转频率的设定值为900min－1(15s－1)，其偏差为 。 经制造厂与用户间协商，也可采用其他旋转频率和偏差。例如，对于较小尺寸段的轴承，可以采用较高的旋转频率，以便获得合适的振动信号。反之，对于较大尺寸段的轴承，可以采用较低的旋转频率，以避免滚子、挡边和滚道可能产生的损伤。 4.2 轴承轴向载荷 应对轴承施加轴向载荷，其设定值规定在表1中。 表1 轴承轴向载荷的设定值 轴承外径D 双列调心滚子轴承 单列和双列圆锥滚子轴承 接触角≤23° 23°＜接触角≤45° ＞ ≤ 轴向载荷的设定值 min. max. min. max. min. max. mm N N N
