![]() |
中标分类
行业分类
ICS分类
最新标准
|
登录注册 |
您的位置: 标准明细 |
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All technical contents of this standard are compulsory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB 18581-2009 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful substances of solvent based coatings for woodenware and GB 24410-2009 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful substances of solvent based coatings for woodenware. This standard is developed by reference to GB 18581-2009, and integrates the contents given in GB/T 24410-2009. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 18581-2009: ——“Scope” is modified (see Clause 1 hereof; Clause 1 of GB 18581-2009); ——in “Normative references”, “GB/T 1250 and GB 18582-2008” are deleted; “GB/T 6682-2008, GB/T 8170-2008, GB/T 23985-2009, GB/T 23986-2009, GB/T 23990-2009, GB/T 23991-2009, GB/T 23992-2009, GB/T 23993-2009, GB/T 30646-2014, GB/T 30647-2014, GB/T 31414-2015, GB/T 34675-2017, GB/T 34682-2017 and GB/T 36488-2018” are added (see Clause 2 hereof; Clause 2 of GB 18581-2009); ——definitions of “volatile organic compound” and “volatile organic compound content” are modified; terms and definitions of “unsaturated polyester coatings” and “application condition” are added (see Clause 3 hereof; Clause 3 of GB 18581-2009); ——"Product classification” is added (see Clause 4 hereof); ——"nitrocellulose" in solvent-based woodenware coatings is changed to "nitrocellulose (limited to industrial coating)”; “unsaturated polyester" in solvent-based woodenware coatings and its items and indexes are added; “water-based coating”, “ radiation curable coating” and “powder coating” and their items and indexes are added; "formaldehyde content”, “total lead (Pb) content”, “total content of ethylene glycol ether and ether ester”, “total content of benzene series”, “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”, “total content of phthalic acid esters” and “total content of alkylphenol ethoxylates” and their items and indexes are added (see Table 1 herein; Table 1 in GB 18581-2009); ——“total content of methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene and ethylbenzene” is changed to “total content of methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene (including ethylbenzene)"; “halohydrocarbon content” is changed to “total content of halohydrocarbon”; “lead (Pb)” item in soluble heavy metal and its index are deleted; indexes of “VOC content”, “benzene content”, “polyurethane” and “nitrocelulose”, “total content of benzene and dimethylbenzene (including ethylbenzene)", and "total content of free toluene diisocyanate" items are modified; the controlled varieties of the halohydrocarbon are modified (see Table 1 herein; Table 1 in GB 18581-2009); ——test methods for items “VOC content”, “soluble heavy metal content”, “benzene content”, “total content of benzene and dimethylbenzene (including ethylbenzene)”, “methanol content”, “total content of halohydrocarbon” are modified (see Sub-clause 6.2 hereof; Sub-clause 5.2 of GB 18581-2009); ——test methods for “formaldehyde content”, “total lead (Pb) content”, “total content of ethylene glycol ether and ether ester”, “total content of benzene series”, “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”, “total content of phthalic acid esters”, “total content of alkylphenol ethoxylates” are added (See Sub-clause 6.2); ——contents with regard to the judgment of the inspection results are modified (see Sub-clause 7.2 hereof; Sub-clause 6.2 of GB 18581-2009); ——contents with regard to the marks for package are modified (see Clause 8 hereof; Clause 7 of GB 18581-2009); ——painting safety and protection are deleted (see Clause 8 of GB 18581-2009); ——Implementation of this standard is added (see Clause 9). This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. The previous editions of this standard are as follows: ——GB 18581-2001 and GB 18581-2009; ——GB 24410-2009. Limit of harmful substances of woodenware coatings 1 Scope This standard specifies the product classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marks for package and implementation of this standard involved in the allowable limit of harmful substances of woodenware coatings to human body and environment. This standard is applicable to various woodenware coatings (including putty, primer and topcoat) for on-site coating and industrial coating except special functional coatings such as colored paints, bridging paints, wood stains, and open paints. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 1725-2007 Paints varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-matter content GB/T 3186 Paints varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods GB/T 6750-2007 Paints and varnishes - Determination of density - Pyknometer method GB/T 8170-2008 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values GB/T 9750 Marks for package of coating products GB/T 9754-2007 Paints and varnishes - Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20°, 60°and 85° GB/T 18446-2009 Binders for paints and varnishes - Determination of monomeric diisocyanates in isocyanate resins GB/T 23985-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Difference method GB/T 23986-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Gas-chromatographic method GB/T 23990-2009 Determination of the contents of benzene toluene ethylbenzene and xylene in coatings by gas chromatography GB/T 23991-2009 Determination of soluble harmful elements content of coatings GB/T 23992-2009 Determination of chlorhydrocarbon content in coatings - Gas chromatographic method GB/T 23993-2009 Determination of formaldehyde content of waterborne coatings - Spectrophtometric method with acetylacetone GB/T 30646-2014 Determination of phthalate plasticizers content in coatings - Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method GB/T 30647-2014 Determination of harmful elements total content of coatings GB/T 31414-2015 Water based coatings—Determination of surfactant—Alkylphenol polyethoxylates GB/T 34675-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound(VOC) content in radiation curable coatings GB/T 34682-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound(VOC) content in reactive diluent containing coatings GB/T 36488-2018 Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coatings 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 polyurethane coatings a kind of coating with the polyurethane (allophanate) resin, which is formed by the reaction between the polyisocyanate and the compound containing active hydrogen, as main film-forming material 3.2 nitrocellulose coatings a kind of coating with the nitroncellulose, which is prepared by the reaction between the nitric acid and sulfuric acid mixture and the cellulose ester, as main film-forming material 3.3 alkyd coatings a kind of coating with the alkyd resin, which is prepared by the polycondensation of the polybasic acid, fatty acid (or vegetable oil) and the polyhydric alcohol, as main film-forming material 3.4 unsaturated polyester coatings a kind of coating with the unsaturated polyester resin, containing carbon-carbon double bonds on the polymer chain that are easy to cross-link with reactive diluent, as main film-forming material 3.5 volatile organic compound VOC an organic compound that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions, or determined in accordance with relevant provisions 3.6 volatile organic compound content VOC content the mass of volatile organic compounds contained in coatings measured under specified conditions [See Definition 2.271 in GB/T 5206-2015] 3.7 application condition the condition that the application can be carried out after all components of the products are mixed when the application method and application criteria meet the requirements in the technical specifications of the corresponding products 4 Product classification For the purposes of this standard, the woodenware coating is classified into solvent-based coating (including putty), water-based coating (including putty), radiation curable coating (including putty) and powder coating. Among them, the solvent-based coating (including putty) is classified into polyurethane, nitrocellulose (limited to industrial coating), alkyd and unsaturated polyester coatings; the water-based coating (including putty) is classified into colored paint and varnish; the radiation curable coating (including putty) is classified into water-based and non-water-based coatings. 5 Requirements The limits of harmful substances in the woodenware coatings shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1. Table 1 Requirements for the limits of harmful substances Item Limit Solvent-based coating (including putty) a Water-based coating (including putty) b Radiation curable coating (including putty) Powder coating Polyurethane Nitrocellulose (limited to industrial coating) Alkyd Unsaturated polyester Colored paint Varnish Water-based b Non-water-based a VOC content Coating/(g/L) ≤ Topcoat [gloss (60°) ≥80 unit value]: 550 700 450 420 250 300 250 420 — Topcoat [gloss (60°) <80 unit value]: 650 Primer: 600 Solvent-based putty/(g/L) ≤ 400 300 — — Water-based and radiation curable putty/(g/kg) ≤ — 60 60 Formaldehyde content/(mg/kg) ≤ — 100 100 — — Total lead (Pb) content /(mg/kg) ≤ (Limited to colored paint c, putty and alkyd varnish) 90 Soluble heavy metal/(mg/kg) ≤ (Limited to colored paint c, putty and alkyd varnish) Cadmium (Cd) content 75 Chromium (Cr) content 60 Mercury (Hg) content 60 Total content of ethylene glycol ether and ether ester/(mg/kg) ≤ (limited to ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol aether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether) 300 — Benzene content/% ≤ 0.1 — — 0.1 — Total content of methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene (including ethylbenzene) /% ≤ 20 20 5 10 — — 5 — Total content of benzene series/(mg/kg) ≤ [Limited to benzene, methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene (including ethylbenzene)] — 250 250 — — Total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons /(mg/kg) ≤ (Limited to naphthalene and anthracene) 200 — — 200 — Total content of free toluene diisocyanate d/% ≤ [Limited to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)] Wet (moisture) cured coating 0.4 — — — — Other: 0.2 Methanol content/% ≤ — 0.3 — — — — 0.3 — Total content of halohydrocarbon/% ≤ (Limited to dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1- dichloroethane, 1,2- dichloroethane, 1,1,1- trichloroethane, 1,1,2- trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3- trichloropropane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene) 0.1 — — 0.1 — Total content of phthalic acid esters/% ≤ [Limited to dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP), di-iso-decylphthalate (DIDP)] — 0.2 — — — — — Total content of alkylphenol ethoxylates/(mg/kg) ≤ {Limited to octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether [C8H17-C6H4-(OC2H4)nOH, OPnEO for short] and nonylphenol ethoxylates [C9H19-C6H4-(OC2H4)nOH, NPnEO for short], n=2~16} — 1 000 1 000 — — a It is determined after mixing according to the application ratio under the application condition. Where consumption of a component among multiple components is within certain range, determination shall be carried out after mixing according to the specified maximum ratio of the application ratio of the product under application condition. b Dilution ratio of water is not considered for all items of coating products. Dilution ratio of water is not considered for all items of paste putty and powder putty diluted with water only; as for powder putty (except for powder putty diluted with water only), the powder is directly tested for total lead and soluble heavy metal items, while it is tested after mixing the powder with other liquids such as water and adhesive according to the specified application ratio of the product under the application condition for other items. If the application ratio under application condition is within a certain range, it shall be tested after mixing according to the ratio of minimum consumption of water and maximum consumption of adhesives and other liquids. c refers to a kind of coating containing pigment, extender and dye. d If the dilution ratio is specified for the polyurethane coating and putty or the polyurethane coating and putty consist of two components or multiple components, the content in curing agent (containing free toluene diisocyanate prepolymer) shall be determined first, then the content in the mixed coating shall be calculated according to the specified application ratio of the product under the application condition. If the consumption of the diluent is within a certain range, it shall be calculated according to the specified minimum dilution ratio of the application ratio of the product under application condition; if the consumption of the curing agent is within a certain range, it shall be calculated according to the specified maximum ratio of the application ratio of the product under application condition. 6 Test methods 6.1 Sampling Sampling is carried out in accordance with GB/T 3186 or by the agreed method. The sampling quantity shall be determined as required by inspection. 6.2 Test methods 6.2.1 VOC content 6.2.1.1 Density It is tested in accordance with GB/T 6750-2007, at a temperature of (23±0.5)℃. 6.2.1.2 Gloss It is tested in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 9754-2007. A template is prepared on a flat glass plate with a wet film preparation device with a groove depth of (100±2)μm. Black glass or flat glass precoated with matt black paint on the back shall be used as the substrate for the varnish. It is tested with a 60° specular gloss meter after drying the template for 48 h at a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)%. Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Product classification 5 Requirements 6 Test methods 7 Inspection rules 8 Marks for package 9 Implementation of this standard Bibliography ICS 87.040 G 51 中华人民共和国国家标准 GB 18581—2020 代替GB 18581—2009,GB 24410—2009 木器涂料中有害物质限量 Limit of harmful substances of woodenware coatings 2020-03-04发布 2020-12-01实施 国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会 发布 前言 本标准的全部技术内容为强制性。 本标准按照GB/T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。 本标准代替GB 18581—2009《室内装饰装修材料 溶剂型木器涂料中有害物质限量》和GB 24410—2009《室内装饰装修材料 水性木器涂料中有害物质限量》。本标准以GB 18581—2009为主,整合了GB 24410—2009的内容,与GB 18581—2009相比,除编辑性修改外主要技术变化如下: ——修改了标准的范围(见第1章,GB 18581—2009的第1章); ——删除了规范性引用文件“GB/T 1250、GB 18582—2008”;增加了规范性引用文件“GB/T 6682—2008、GB/T 8170—2008、GB/T 23985—2009、GB/T 23986—2009、GB/T 23990—2009、GB/T 23991—2009、GB/T 23992—2009、GB/T 23993—2009、GB/T 30646—2014、GB/T 30647—2014、GB/T 31414—2015、GB/T 34675—2017、GB/T 34682—2017、GB/T 36488—2018”(见第2章,GB 18581—2009的第2章); ——修改了“挥发性有机化合物”和“挥发性有机化合物含量”的定义;增加了“不饱和聚酯类涂料”“施工状态”的术语和定义(见第3章,GB 18581—2009的第3章); ——增加了产品分类(见第4章); ——溶剂型木器涂料的“硝基类”改为“硝基类(限工厂化涂装使用)”;增加了溶剂型木器涂料的“不饱和聚酯类”以及项目和指标;增加了“水性涂料”“辐射固化涂料”“粉末涂料”以及项目和指标;增加了“甲醛含量”“总铅(Pb)含量”“乙二醇醚及醚酯总和含量”“苯系物总和含量”“多环芳烃总和含量”“邻苯二甲酸酯总和含量”“烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚总和含量”项目及指标(见表1,GB 18581—2009的表1); ——“甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯含量总和”改为“甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量”;“卤代烃含量”改为“卤代烃总和含量”;删除了“可溶性重金属”中“铅Pb”项目及指标;修改了“VOC含量”“苯含量”“聚氨酯类”和“硝基类”的“甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量”“游离二异氰酸酯总和含量”项目的指标;修改了卤代烃的控制品种(见表1,GB 18581—2009的表1); ——修改了“VOC含量”“可溶性重金属含量”“苯含量”“甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量”“甲醇含量”“卤代烃总和含量”项目的试验方法(见6.2,GB 18581—2009的5.2); ——增加了“甲醛含量”“总铅(Pb)含量”“乙二醇醚及醚酯总和含量”“苯系物总和含量”“多环芳烃总和含量”“邻苯二甲酸酯总和含量”“烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚总和含量”项目的试验方法(见6.2); ——修改了检验结果的判定的内容(见7.2,GB 18581—2009的6.2); ——修改了包装标志的内容(见第8章,GB 18581—2009的第7章); ——删除了涂装安全及防护(见GB 18581—2009的第8章); ——增加了标准的实施(见第9章)。 本标准由中华人民共和国工业和信息化部提出并归口。 本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为: ——GB 18581—2001、GB 18581—2009; ——GB 24410—2009。 木器涂料中有害物质限量 1 范围 本标准规定了木器涂料中对人体和环境有害的物质容许限量所涉及的产品分类、要求、测试方法、检验规则、包装标志、标准的实施。 本标准适用于除拉色漆、架桥漆、木材着色剂、开放效果漆等特殊功能性涂料以外的现场涂装和工厂化涂装用各类木器涂料,包括腻子、底漆和面漆。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 1725—2007 色漆、清漆和塑料 不挥发物含量的测定 GB/T 3186 色漆、清漆和色漆与清漆用原材料 取样 GB/T 6682—2008分析实验室用水规格和试验方法 GB/T 6750—2007 色漆和清漆 密度的测定 比重瓶法 GB/T 8170—2008数值修约规则与极限数值的表示和判定 GB/T 9750涂料产品包装标志 GB/T 9754—2007 色漆和清漆 不含金属颜料的色漆漆膜的20°、60°和85°镜面光泽的测定 GB/T 18446—2009 色漆和清漆用漆基 异氰酸酯树脂中二异氰酸酯单体的测定 GB/T 23985—2009 色漆和清漆 挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 差值法 GB/T 23986—2009色漆和清漆 挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 23990—2009涂料中苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 23991—2009涂料中可溶性有害元素含量的测定 GB/T 23992—2009涂料中氯代烃含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 23993—2009水性涂料中甲醛含量的测定 乙酰丙酮分光光度法 GB/T 30646—2014涂料中邻苯二甲酸酯含量的测定 气相色谱/质谱联用法 GB/T 30647—2014涂料中有害元素总含量的测定 GB/T 31414—2015 水性涂料 表面活性剂的测定 烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚 GB/T 34675—2017辐射固化涂料中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 GB/T 34682—2017含有活性稀释剂的涂料中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 GB/T 36488—2018涂料中多环芳烃的测定 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 聚氨酯类涂料polyurethane coatings 以由多异氰酸酯与含活泼氢的化合物反应而成的聚氨(基甲酸)酯树脂为主要成膜物质的一类涂料。 3.2 硝基类涂料nitrocellulose coatings 以由硝酸和硫酸的混合物与纤维素酯化反应制得的硝基纤维素为主要成膜物质的一类涂料。 3.3 醇酸类涂料alkyd coatings 以由多元酸、脂肪酸(或植物油)与多元醇缩聚制得的醇酸树脂为主要成膜物质的一类涂料。 3.4 不饱和聚酯类涂料 unsaturated polyester coatings 以聚合物链上含有易与活性稀释剂发生交联反应的碳碳双键的不饱和聚酯树脂为主要成膜物质的一类涂料。 3.5 挥发性有机化合物volatile organic compound VOC 参与大气光化学反应的有机化合物,或者根据有关规定确定的有机化合物。 3.6 挥发性有机化合物含量volatile organic compound content VOC含量 在规定的条件下测得的涂料中存在的挥发性有机化合物的质量。 [GB/T 5206—2015,定义2.271] 3.7 施工状态 application condition 在施工方式和施工条件满足相应产品技术说明书中的要求时,产品所有组分混合后,可以进行施工的状态。 4产品分类 本标准将木器涂料分为:溶剂型涂料(含腻子)、水性涂料(含腻子)、辐射固化涂料(含腻子)、粉末涂料。其中,溶剂型涂料(含腻子)分为聚氨酯类、硝基类(限工厂化涂装使用)、醇酸类、不饱和聚酯类;水性涂料(含腻子)分为色漆、清漆;辐射固化涂料(含腻子)分为水性、非水性。 5 要求 木器涂料中有害物质限量的限量值应符合表1的要求。 表1 有害物质限量的限量值要求 项 目 限量值 溶剂型涂料(含腻子)a 水性涂料 (含腻子)b 辐射固化涂料 (含腻子) 粉 末 涂 料 聚氨酯类 硝基类(限工厂化涂装使用) 醇酸 类 不饱和聚酯类 色漆 清漆 水性b 非水性a VOC含量 涂料/(g/L) ≤ 面漆[光泽 (60°) ≥80单位值]: 550 700 450 420 250 300 250 420 — 面漆[光泽 (60°) <80单位值]: 650 底漆:600 溶剂型腻子/(g/L) ≤ 400 300 — — 水性和辐射固化腻子/(g/kg) ≤ — 60 60 甲醛含量/(mg/kg) ≤ — 100 100 — — 总铅(Pb)含量/(mg/kg) ≤ (限色漆c、腻子和醇酸清漆) 90 可溶性重金属含量/(mg/kg) ≤ (限色漆c、腻子和醇酸清漆) 镉(Cd)含量 75 铬(Cr)含量 60 汞(Hg)含量 60 乙二醇醚及醚酯总和含量/(mg/kg) ≤(限乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇乙醚醋酸酯、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚) 300 — 苯含量/% ≤ 0.1 — — 0.1 — 甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量/% ≤ 20 20 5 10 — — 5 — 苯系物总和含量/(mg/kg) ≤ [限苯、甲苯、二甲苯(含乙苯)] — — 250 — — 多环芳烃总和含量/(mg/kg) ≤ (限萘、蒽) 200 — — 200 — 游离二异氰酸酯总和含量d/% ≤ [限甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)] 潮(湿)气 固化型: 0.4 — — — — 其他:0.2 甲醇含量/% ≤ — 0.3 — — — — 0.3 — 卤代烃总和含量/% ≤ (限二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,2,3-三氯丙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯) 0.1 — — 0.1 — 邻苯二甲酸酯总和含量/% ≤ [限邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DNOP)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)] — 0.2 — — — — — 烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚总和含量/(mg/kg) ≤ {限辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚[C8H17—C6H4—(OC2H4)nOH,简称OPnEO]和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚[C9H19—C6H4—(OC2H4)nOH,简称NPnEO],n=2~16} — 1 000 1 000 — — a按产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比混合后测定,如多组分的某组分的使用量为某一范围时,应按照产品施工状态下的施工配比规定的最大比例混合后进行测定。 b涂料产品所有项目均不考虑水的稀释比例。膏状腻子和仅以水稀释的粉状腻子所有项目均不考虑水的稀释配比;粉状腻子(除仅以水稀释的粉状腻子外)除总铅、可溶性重金属项目直接测试粉体外,其余项目按产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比将粉体与水、胶粘剂等其他液体混合后测试。如施工状态下的施工配比为某一范围时,应按照水用量最小、胶粘剂等其他液体用量最大的配比混合后测试。 c指含有颜料、体质颜料、染料的一类涂料。 d如聚氨酯类涂料和腻子规定了稀释比例或由双组分或多组分组成时,应先测定固化剂(含游离二异氰酸酯预聚物)中的含量,再按产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比计算混合后涂料中的含量。如稀释剂的使用量为某一范围时,应按照产品施工状态下的施工配比规定的最小稀释比例进行计算;如固化剂的使用量为某一范围时,应按照产品施工状态下的施工配比规定的最大比例进行计算。 6测试方法 6.1 取样 按GB/T 3186的规定取样,也可按商定方法取样。取样量根据检验需要确定。 6.2 试验方法 6.2.1 VOC含量 6.2.1.1 密度 按GB/T 6750—2007的规定进行,试验温度为(23±0.5)℃。 6.2.1.2 光泽 按GB/T 9754—2007的规定进行。用槽深(100±2)μm的湿膜制备器在平板玻璃板上制备样板,清漆应使用黑玻璃或背面预涂无光黑漆的平板玻璃作底材。在温度为(23±2)℃和相对湿度为(50±5)%的条件下干燥样板48 h后,用60°镜面光泽计测试。 6.2.1.3水分含量 按附录A的规定进行。 6.2.1.4 溶剂型涂料(聚氨酯类、硝基类、醇酸类及各自对应腻子)中VOC含量 不含水的溶剂型涂料按GB/T 23985—2009的规定进行。不挥发物含量按GB/T 1725—2007的规定进行,称取试样约1 g,烘烤条件为(105±2)℃/1 h。不测水分,水分含量设为零。VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 23985—2009中8.3进行。 有意添加水的溶剂型涂料按GB/T 23985—2009的规定进行。不挥发物含量按GB/T 1725—2007的规定进行,称取试样约1 g,烘烤条件为(105±2)℃/1 h。VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 23985—2009中8.4进行。 6.2.1.5 溶剂型涂料(不饱和聚酯类及其腻子)中VOC含量 按GB/T 34682—2017的规定进行。不测水分,水分含量设为零。 VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 34682—2017中8.3进行。 6.2.1.6水性涂料(含腻子)中VOC含量 按GB/T 23986—2009的规定进行,色谱柱采用中等极性色谱柱(6%氰丙苯基/94%聚二甲基硅氧烷毛细管柱),标记物为己二酸二乙酯。称取试样约1 g;校准化合物包括但不限于丙酮、乙醇、异丙醇、三乙胺、异丁醇、正丁醇、丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、乙酸正丁酯、二甲基乙醇胺、甲基异戊基酮、丙二醇正丁醚、乙二醇单丁醚、1,2-丙二醇、乙二醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二丙二醇正丁醚、二乙二醇单丁醚、丙二醇苯醚、二乙二醇、乙二醇苯醚等。腻子样品不做水分含量和密度的测试。 涂料中VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 23986—2009中10.4进行,检出限为2 g/L。腻子中VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 23986—2009中10.2进行,并换算成克每千克(g/kg)表示,检出限为1 g/kg。 6.2.1.7 辐射固化涂料(含腻子)中VOC含量 按GB/T 34675—2017的规定进行。腻子样品不做水分含量(水分含量设为零)和密度的测试。 水性辐射固化涂料产品中VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 34675—2017中8.4进行。非水性辐射固化涂料中VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 34675—2017中8.3进行;不测水分,水分含量设为零。腻子中VOC含量的计算,按GB/T 34675—2017中8.2进行,并换算成克每千克(g/kg)表示。 6.2.2 甲醛含量 按GB/T 23993—2009的规定进行。 6.2.3总铅(Pb)含量 按GB/T 30647—2014的规定进行。 6.2.4可溶性重金属含量 按GB/T 23991—2009的规定进行。 6.2.5 乙二醇醚及醚酯总和含量 按GB/T 23986—2009的规定进行。乙二醇醚及醚酯含量的计算,按GB/T 23986—2009中10.2进行,并换算成毫克每千克(mg/kg)表示。 6.2.6苯含量、甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量 按GB/T 23990—2009中A法的规定进行。苯含量、甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)含量的计算,按GB/T 23990—2009中8.4.3进行。 6.2.7苯系物总和含量 按GB/T 23990—2009中B法的规定进行。苯系物含量的计算,按GB/T 23990—2009中9.4.3进行。 6.2.8 多环芳烃总和含量 按GB/T 36488—2018的规定进行。 6.2.9游离二异氰酸酯总和含量 按GB/T 18446—2009的规定进行。 6.2.10 甲醇含量 按GB/T 23986—2009的规定进行。甲醇含量的计算,按GB/T 23986—2009中10.2进行。 6.2.11 卤代烃总和含量 按GB/T 23992—2009的规定进行。卤代烃含量的计算,按GB/T 23992—2009中8.5.2进行。 6.2.12邻苯二甲酸酯总和含量 按GB/T 30646—2014的规定进行。 6.2.13烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚总和含量 按GB/T 31414—2015的规定进行。 7检验规则 7.1 型式检验 7.1.1 在正常生产情况下,每年至少进行一次型式检验,型式检验项目包括本标准所列的全部要求。 7.1.2 有下列情况之一时应随时进行型式检验: ——新产品最初定型时; ——产品异地生产时; ——生产配方、工艺、关键原材料来源及产品施工状态下的施工配比有较大改变时; ——停产三个月后又恢复生产时。 7.2检验结果的判定 7.2.1 检验结果的判定,按GB/T 8170—2008中修约值比较法进行。 7.2.2报出检验结果时,应同时注明产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比。 7.2.3所有项目的检验结果均达到本标准的要求时,产品为符合本标准要求。 8包装标志 8.1 产品包装标志除应符合GB/T 9750的规定外,按本标准检验合格的产品可在包装标志上明示。 8.2包装标志上或产品说明书中应明确施工状态下的施工配比。 8.3 包装标志上或产品说明书中应标明符合本标准的分类和产品类型。 8.4有意添加水的溶剂型涂料应在包装标志上或产品说明书中明示。 8.5对于聚氨酯类、不饱和聚酯类等多组分固化的涂料应在包装标志上或产品说明书中标明适用期。 9标准的实施 9.1 硝基类溶剂型木器涂料自本标准实施之日起不得在室内装饰装修中使用。 9.2涂装现场对施工状态下的涂料产品抽查时,对于聚氨酯类、不饱和聚酯类等多组分固化的涂料品种抽样检验,应在产品适用期内进行检验。 附 录 A (规范性附录) 水分含量的测定气相色谱法 A.1试剂和材料 A.1.1蒸馏水:符合GB/T 6682—2008中三级水的要求。 A.1.2稀释溶剂:用于稀释试样的并经分子筛干燥的有机溶剂,不含有任何干扰测试的物质。纯度至少为99%(质量分数),或已知纯度。例如,二甲基甲酰胺等。 A.1.3 内标物:试样中不存在的并经分子筛干燥的化合物,且该化合物能够与色谱图上其他成分完全分离。纯度至少为99%(质量分数),或已知纯度。例如,异丙醇等。 A.1.4分子筛:孔径为0.2 nm~0.3 nm,粒径为1.7 mm~5.0 mm。分子筛应再生后使用。 A.1.5载气:氢气或氦气,纯度≥99.995%。 A.2仪器设备 A.2.1 气相色谱仪:配有热导检测器及程序升温控制器。 A.2.2色谱柱:苯乙烯二乙烯基苯多孔聚合物的毛细管柱。 注:其他满足检验要求的色谱柱也可使用。 A.2.3进样器:微量注射器,10 μL。 A.2.4 配样瓶:约10 mL的玻璃瓶,具有可密封的瓶盖。 A.2.5天平:实际分度值d=0.1 mg。 A.3气相色谱测试条件 A.3.1 色谱柱:苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯多孔聚合物的毛细管柱,25 m×0.53 mm×10 μm。 A.3.2进样口温度:250℃。 A.3.3检测器温度:300℃。 A.3.4分流比:5:1。 A.3.5柱温:程序升温,100℃保持2 min,然后以20℃/min升至130℃并保持3 min;再以30℃/min升至200℃保持5 min。 A.3.6载气:氢气,流速6.5 mL/min。 注:也可根据所用气相色谱仪的性能、色谱柱类型及待测试样的实际情况选择最佳的气相色谱测试条件。 A.4测试步骤 A.4.1 测试水的相对响应因子R 在同一配样瓶(A.2.4)中称取约0.2 g的蒸馏水(A.1.1)和约0.2 g的内标物(A.1.3),精确至0.1 mg,记录水的质量mw和内标物的质量mi,再加入5 mL稀释溶剂(A.1.2),密封配样瓶(A.2.4)并摇匀。用微量注射器(A.2.3)吸取配样瓶(A.2.4)中的1 μL混合液注入色谱仪中,记录色谱图。按公式(A.1)计算水的相对响应因子R: (A.1) 式中: R——水的相对响应因子; m1——内标物的质量,单位为克(g); Aw——水的峰面积; mw——水的质量,单位为克(g); Ai——内标物的峰面积。 若内标物和稀释溶剂不是无水试剂,则以同样量的内标物和稀释溶剂(混合液),但不加水作为空白样,记录空白样中水的峰面积A0。按公式(A.2)计算水的相对响应因子R: (A.2) 式中: R——水的相对响应因子; mi——内标物的质量,单位为克(g); Aw——水的峰面积; A0——空白样中水的峰面积; mw——水的质量,单位为克(g); Ai——内标物的峰面积。 平行测试两次,取两次测试结果的平均值,其相对偏差应小于5%。 A.4.2样品分析 称取搅拌均匀后的试样约0.6 g以及与水含量近似相等的内标物(A.1.3)于配样瓶(A.2.4)中,精确至0.1 mg,记录试样的质量ms和内标物的质量mi,再加入5 mL稀释溶剂(A.1.2)(稀释溶剂体积可根据样品状态调整),密封配样瓶(A.2.4)并摇匀。同时准备一个不加试样的内标物和稀释溶剂混合液做为空白样。用力摇动或超声装有试样的配样瓶(A.2.4)15 min,放置5 min,使其沉淀[为使试样尽快沉淀,可在装有试样的配样瓶(A.2.4)内加入几粒小玻璃珠,然后用力摇动;也可使用低速离心机使其沉淀]。用微量注射器(A.2.3)吸取配样瓶(A.2.4)中的1 μL上层清液,注入色谱仪中,记录色谱图。 A.4.3计算 按公式(A.3)计算试样中的水分含量ww: (A.3) 式中: ww——试样中的水分含量,以质量分数计; mi——内标物的质量,单位为克(g); Aw——试样中水的峰面积; A0——空白样中水的峰面积; ms——试样的质量,单位为克(g); Ai——内标物的峰面积; R——水的相对响应因子。 平行测试两次,取两次测试结果的平均值,保留至小数点后两位。 A.5精密度 A.5.1 重复性:水分含量大于或等于15%,同一操作者两次测试结果的相对偏差小于1.6%。 A.5.2再现性:水分含量大于或等于15%,不同实验室间测试结果的相对偏差小于5%。 参考文献 [1]GB/T 2705—2003涂料产品分类和命名 [2]GB/T 5206—2015 色漆和清漆 术语和定义 [3]GB/T 33394—2016儿童房装饰用水性木器涂料 [4]GB/T 33761—2017 绿色产品评价通则 [5]GB 37822—2019 挥发性有机物无组织排放控制标准 [6]HG/T 2240—2012潮(湿)气固化聚氨酯涂料(单组分) [7]HJ/T 414—2007环境标志产品技术要求 室内装饰装修用溶剂型木器涂料 [8]HJ 2537—2014环境标志产品技术要求 水性涂料 [9]HJ 2547—2016 环境标志产品技术要求 家具 [10]LY/T 1740—2008 木器用不饱和聚酯漆 [11]IKEA of Sweden AB IOS-MAT-0066 Surface coatings and coverings-general requirements(Version AA-163938-10). [12]EPA method 24 Determination Of Volatile Matter Content,Water Content,Density,Vol-ume Solids,And Weight Solids of Surface Coatings. |
联系我们
|
微信联系客服
![]() |
关于我们 | 联系我们 | 收费付款 |
服务热线:400-001-5431 | 电话:010-8572 5110 | 传真:010-8581 9515 | Email: bz@bzfyw.com | |
版权所有: 北京悦尔信息技术有限公司 2008-2020 京ICP备17065875号-1 51La |
本页关键词: |
GB 18581-2020, GB/T 18581-2020, GBT 18581-2020, GB18581-2020, GB 18581, GB18581, GB/T18581-2020, GB/T 18581, GB/T18581, GBT18581-2020, GBT 18581, GBT18581 |