Test specification for lithium-ion traction battery of electric vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements, test scheme, test pattern and judgment rules for lithium-ion traction battery of electric vehicles.
This standard is applicable to lithium-ion secondary cell, battery module, battery pack/system of electric vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical terminology - Primary and secondary cells and batteries
GB/T 17626.2-2018 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
GB/T 18384.1-2015 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety specifications - Part 1: On-board rechargeable energy storage system (REESS)
GB/T 18655-2010 Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 29317 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure
QC/T 743 Lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.41, GB/T 19596 and GB/T 29317 and the following apply.
3.1 control system of temperature; temperature control system
generic term of devices and electronic units in battery pack/system which are used to control the temperature, including functions such as heating and cooling
3.2 battery pack
energy storage device that includes cells or modules, generally consisting of electronic components of battery, high-voltage circuit, overcurrent protection device and interface connected with other external systems (such as cooling system, high-voltage system, auxiliary low-voltage system and communication system)
4 Symbols
Cn——Rated capacity in n hour(s), Ah.
In——Discharge current in n hour(s), which equals to Cn/n, A.
5 Requirements
5.1 Sample
5.1.1 Samples submitted for inspection shall be sent separately, including lithium-ion secondary cell, battery module, battery pack/system.
5.1.2 The delivery period of test samples shall not exceed three months, and the appearance of samples shall meet the following requirements:
a) The sample surface shall be clean and free of obvious deformation and mechanical damage, and the interface contact is free of rust.
b) Positive and negative terminals and their polarities shall be clearly marked for easy connection.
c) The battery surface shall have clear product identification.
d) The power interfaces, communication interfaces, or alarm interfaces of batteries shall be clearly marked.
5.1.3 The test sample of battery module shall meet the following requirements:
a) The nominal voltage shall be at least five times the voltage of secondary cell.
b) The rated capacity shall be the nominal capacity of battery system of a complete vehicle, or at least 50Ah.
5.1.4 The test sample of battery pack/system shall meet the following requirements:
a) The sample shall be a part (which can be charged separately) or whole of the traction battery system of a complete vehicle.
b) The sample shall be provided with battery management and communication functions.
c) The battery pack shall be equipped with control units for battery management and protection.
5.1.5 In the delivery test of battery pack/system, operation documents and interface parts (such as connector, plug and cooling interface) connecting with the test equipment shall be available.
5.1.6 The service limit of test samples shall be provided.
5.2 Secondary cell test
The test result shall meet the requirements of QC/T 743 for secondary cell.
5.3 Battery module test
The test result shall meet the requirements of QC/T 743 for battery module.
5.4 Battery pack/system test
5.4.1 Discharge capacity at room temperature (initial capacity)
When the battery pack/system is tested according to the requirements of 6.5.2, the actual discharge capacity shall not be less than 95% of the rated capacity and shall not exceed 110% of the rated capacity.
5.4.2 Overcharge protection
When the battery pack/system is subjected to overcharge protection test according to the requirements of 6.5.3, the protective elements of the test sample shall be operated reliably, and the battery pack/system shall be free from fire, explosion and liquid leakage.
5.4.3 Overdischarge protection
When the battery pack/system is subjected to overdischarge protection test according to the requirements of 6.5.4, the protective elements of the test sample shall be operated reliably, and the battery pack/system shall be free from fire, explosion and liquid leakage.
5.4.4 Short circuit protection
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols
5 Requirements
6 Test scheme
7 Inspection rules
Annex A (Normative) Operating condition test
Annex B (Normative) Estimate accuracy of SOC
