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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Structure and drafting of standards. This standard replaces NB/T 31018-2011 Wind turbine generator system technical specification of electric pitch system, in addition to a number of editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to NB/T 31018-2011. ——The requirements of the use place are modified; ——The normal test environment requirements are modified as that the relative humidity shall be ≤90% below the environmental temperature of 20℃; ——The function of manually switching on and off the pitch has been modified, and the requirements are added that only one blade be allowed to be controlled at the same time and that the other blade be driven only after the controlled one returns to a safe position; ——The man-machine service operation function is modified; for the speed control and position control, the requirement is added that they be controlled only with the pitch control system in manual mode or maintenance mode; ——The requirement is modified as that maximum pitch rate of the three blades shall not be greater than the maximum design speed of the generator system ——The communication interface mode of the pitch system is modified; ——The requirement is modified as that the charge time of the capacitor-based backup power system from 0V to rated voltage should be less than 15min; ——The requirements for grid adaptability are modified; ——The requirement is modified as that in the type inspection items the loading property shall not be subject to end-of-manufacturing inspection; ——The fault of pitch controller (including pitch system with centralized controller) in fault diagnosis is modified; ——The requirement of cabinet body being made of stainless steel is canceled; ——The requirement of pitch acceleration control is canceled; ——The requirement is deleted that when the safe chain is disconnected, the safe chain of the pitch system include the following parts: emergency shutdown button, pitch controller fault (for pitch system including controller) and fault of any driver: ——The requirement of ride-through fault at grid voltage is added; ——The requirement is added that should the electromagnetic compatibility test standard be exceeded, it shall be negotiated with the customers. This standard was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association. This standard is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee on Wind Power Electrical Equipment of the National Technical Committee on Wind Power in Energy Industry of Standardization Administration of China The previous edition of this standard is as follows: ——NB/T 31018-2011. Technical specification for electric pitch system of wind turbine generator system 1 Scope This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules as well as marking, operation instructions, packaging, transport and storage of electric pitch control system of variable-speed constant-frequency wind turbine generator system. This standard is applicable to the electric pitch control system of grid-connected onshore horizontal axis wind turbine generator system, serving as the basis for design, manufacturing, testing and certification. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods GB 755-2008 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance GB/T 2422 Environmental testing - Guide to drafting of test methods - Terms and definitions GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat GB/T 2423.3-2016 Environmental testing - Part 2: Testing method - Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) GB/T 2900.1 Electrotechnical terminology - Fundamental terms GB/T 2900.53 Electro-technical terminology - Wind turbine generator systems GB/T 2900.57 Electrotechnical terminology - Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Operation GB/T 3797-2016 Electrical control assemblies GB/T 3859.1-2013 Semiconductor converters - General requirements and line commutated converters - Part 1-1: Specification of basic requirements GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 4365 Electrotechnical terminology - Electromagnetic compatibility GB 5226.1-2008 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements GB/T 7251.1-2013 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products GB/T 11287-2000 Electrical relays - Part 21: Vibration, shock, bump and seismic tests on measuring relays and protection equipment - Section one: Vibration tests (sinusoidal) GB/T 14537-1993 Shock and bump tests on measuring relays and protection equipment GB/T 15543-2008 Power quality - Three-phase voltage unbalance GB/T 15969.1 Programmable controllers - Part 1: General information GB/T 15969.2 Programmable controllers - Part 2: Equipment requirements and tests GB/T 17626.2-2018 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test GB/T 17626.3-2016 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test GB/T 17626.4-2018 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test GB/T 17626.6-2017 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and Measurement Techniques - Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-frequency Fields GB/T 18451.1-2012 Wind turbine generator systems - Design requirements GB/T 19608.1 Classification of special environmental condition - Part 1: Dry heat GB/T 19608.2 Classification of special environmental condition - Part 2:Dry heat-desert GB/T 19608.3 Classification of special environmental condition - Part 3: Plateau GB/T 19963 Technical rule for connecting wind farm to power system GB/T 20641 Empty enclosures for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - General requirements GB/T 21714.4-2015 Protection against lightning - Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures GB/T 20540 Digital data communication for measurement and control - Fieldbus for use in industrial systems - Type 3: PROFIBUS specification - Part 6: Application layer protocol specification ISO 11898 Road vehicles - Controller area network (CAN) EN 175301-801 Detail Specification: High density rectangular connectors, round removable crimp contacts 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2422, GB/T 2900.1, GB/T 2900.53, GB/T 2900.57 and GB/T 4365 as well as the following ones apply. 3.1 supply disconnection influential long-term interruption of power supply due to the disconnection of the switch 3.2 failure termination of the implementation of certain specified function Notes: 1 This concept of “failure” as definition does not apply to function items consisting of software only. 2 After failure the function item has a fault. 3 "Failure" is an event, as distinguished from "fault", which is a state. 3.3 safe-chain hardware protection circuit constituted by several key protection nodes in series of a wind turbine generator, which is independent of control system 3.4 fault state characterized by inability to perform a specified function, which does not include the states where the specified function cannot be implemented during preventative maintenance and other planned action, or for lack of external resources and which is often the result of a failure of a function item itself, but may exist prior to failure 3.5 normal shutdown shutdown with the whole process under the control of the control system 3.6 emergency shutdown wind turbine generator system being made shutdown quickly due to triggering of the safe-chain 3.7 electric pitch control system device for adjusting the blade angle which mainly comprises a pitch controller, a pitch motor, a pitch driver, a backup power supply and other components 3.8 pitch driver device for adjusting the blade angle of wind turbine generator system by driving the pitch motor 3.9 backup power supply power supply that provides energy support for the electric pitch control system when the power grid is powered down 3.10 feathering geometric angle of attack of the wind turbine blades changing to a state where the sum of the wind turbine blades approaches zero lift, which is usually divided into normal feathering and emergency feathering 3.11 pitch angle included angle between the blade chord line and the wind turbine blade rotating surface at the specified blade radial position 3.12 operating blade angle range working range of the blade pitch angle corresponding to the normal operating range of the wind turbine generator system 3.13 the maximum pitch rate maximum allowable pitch angle change rate 3.14 redundancy technology of using two sets of devices or systems, with the objective of ensuring that in the event of failure of one set the other set is able to effectively perform the required function 3.15 blade components that absorb wind energy to drive the wind wheel to rotate 4 Technical requirements 4.1 Service conditions 4.1.1 Normal operating environment conditions It shall be suitable for the following conditions and can work normally: a) working environment temperature. 1) normal temperature type: -20℃~+45℃. 2) low temperature type: -30℃~+45℃. b) relative humidity. The air shall be clean, the relative humidity shall not exceed 50% at a maximum temperature of +45 °C. At low temperatures, higher relative humidity is allowed. For example, the relative humidity is 95% at +20℃, considering that condensation may occur in case of temperature changes. c) altitude ≤ 2,000m. 4.1.2 Normal test environment conditions Operating climate conditions are mainly included, test shall be carried out under the following atmospheric environment: a) environmental temperature: below 20℃. b) relative humidity: ≤90%. c) atmospheric pressure: 86kPa~106kPa. 4.1.3 Power supply conditions 4.1.3.1 AC power supply a) Power frequency range: 47.5 Hz ~ 51.5 Hz. b) Allowable fluctuation range of the power supply voltage: -10% to +10% of the voltage rating. c) The unbalancedness of power supply shall meet the provisions of GB/T 15543-2008, Clause 4, and work normally within the scope. d) The power supply waveform is sinusoidal wave with a total harmonic content of less than 5%. 4.1.3.2 DC power supply a) The permissible deviation range of power supply voltage: -15%~+10%. b) The power supply voltage ripple coefficient shall be less than 5%. 4.1.4 Requirements of the use place a) In the environment, there shall be no corrosive gas or conductive medium that damages insulation, no medium that causes fire or explosion, and no obvious and serious mold. b) The use place shall prevent the ingress of rain, snow and sand. c) The grounding resistance of the use place shall be less than or equal to 4Ω. d) The requirements for special use places are specified in GB/T 19608.1, GB/T 19608.2 and GB/T 19608.3. 4.1.5 Other service conditions When the environmental conditions specified in 4.1.1~4.1.4 are exceeded, the manufacturer shall sign a special agreement with the user. 4.2 Structural requirements 4.2.1 Cabinet design requirements a) The construction of cabinet shall comply with the provisions of GB 20641. b) The enclosure, appearance and surface shall be free of scratch or deformation, and shall meet the provisions of 6.2.1 in GB/T 3797-2016. c) Refer to GB 4208 for the description of protection level. The specific requirements are as follows: 1) The cabinet body protection level is IP 54. 2) The protection level of exposed connectors is IP 65. 3) The protection level of all external sensors and switches are IP 65. If the user has special requirements, it shall be determined by the manufacturer and the user through negotiation. 4.2.2 Electrical connection requirements They shall meet the requirements specified in GB 5226.1, Clause 13. 4.2.3 Components and parts requirements Components and parts used in the system shall meet the requirements specified in the corresponding standards. Where, a) The programmable controller shall meet the provisions of GB/T 15969.1 and GB/T 15969.2. b) The wires and cables of the cabinet body shall meet the requirements of GB 5226.1, Clause 13. c) The cabinet connector shall meet the requirements of EN 175301-801. 4.3 Functional requirements 4.3.1 Pitch function 4.3.1.1 Manual switch pitch function The system shall have the function of manually switching on and off the pitch, and be capable of inching control on each blade separately. Only one blade is allowed to be controlled at the same time and the other blade can be driven only after the controlled one returns to a safe position. 4.3.1.2 Automatic pitch function During normal operation, the pitch system shall be able to receive instructions from the control system of the wind turbine generator system, adjust the pitch angle in real time, reduce the load level borne by the generator system, and achieve the optimal and safe operation of the generator system. The pitch system shall be able to start automatically, change the pitch automatically and achieve feathering automatically according to the requirements of the main control, for example, it can control the pitch by issuing speed and pitch position instructions with the control system of the wind turbine generator system. The pitch system shall be able to work normally in the whole pitch control range, with the blades synchronous. The pitch performance shall meet the following technical requirements: a) The maximum pitch rate of the three blades shall not be greater than the maximum design speed of the generator system. b) The control precision of the pitch driver is not more than 0.05°. c) The recommended value of the asynchrony of the three blades shall not be more than 1°. d) In case of continuous pitch, the time from the time when the pitch system receives the pitch change instruction issued by the main control system to the time when the pitch bearing starts to act shall not be greater than 200 ms. e) The pitch controller instruction scanning cycle shall not be more than 20 ms. 4.3.1.3 Man-machine service operation function Information interaction: inquiry and setting of pitch control system parameters, system status check and fault diagnosis information check. Speed control: where the pitch control system is in manual mode or maintenance mode, inching control may be carried out on the pitch direction and pitch rate of each blade through the man-machine interface. Position control: where the pitch control system is in manual mode or maintenance mode, position control may be carried out on each blade through the man-machine interface. The blade pitch speed and given position may be set. Calibration: the pitch control system has the function of calibrating the 0 position of the encoder or the position of the limit switch. 4.3.2 Safe feathering 4.3.2.1 Power failure of the system In case of power failure of the system, the backup power supply of the pitch system shall be automatically switched on to complete safe feathering. 4.3.2.2 Communication fault The pitch system shall be able to automatically complete safe feathering in case of any communication fault between the pitch system and the main control system. 4.3.2.3 Safe-chain disconnection The safe-chain is divided into two parts: the safe-chain of the pitch system and that from the main control system to the pitch system. If the safe-chain is disconnected, the pitch system shall be able to automatically complete safe feathering. 4.3.3 Fault diagnosis The pitch system shall have self-diagnosis and protection functions to detect the fault or abnormal conditions of the equipment in real time, and it shall be provided with a good security policy for processing. It shall have complete accident record information to facilitate fault diagnosis, and the information can be timely sent to the control system. The diagnosis and protection may cover the following aspects: a) lightning protection action. b) action of fuse or protection switch. c) abnormal cabinet body temperature. d) communication timeout or interruption. e) pitch controller fault (for pitch system with centralized controller). f) driver fault, which generally includes the following items: 1) low voltage of DC bus; 2) DC bus overvoltage; 3) overcurrent of the driver; 4) overtemperature of the driver; 5) power switch fault; 6) abnormal internal power supply; 7) braking resistor circuit fault; 8) phase loss of the motor: 9) short circuit, open circuit and numerical abnormality of speed and position sensor; 10) fault of internal fan. g) motor fault, which shall generally include the following items: 1) overtemperature of the motor; 2) overcurrent of the motor; 3) motor stall protection; 4) abnormal braking of the motor. h) charger fault. i) open-circuit of charger circuit. j) abnormal voltage of backup power supply, including overvoltage and undervoltage. Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Technical requirements 5 Test methods 6 Test rules 7 Marking and operation instructions 8 Packaging, transport and storage Annex A (Informative) Calculation of charge and discharge time of capacitor 风力发电机组电动变桨控制系统技术规范 1 范围 本标准规定了变速恒频风力发电机组电动变桨控制系统的技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、使用说明书、包装、运输、储存等。 本标准适用于并网型陆上水平轴风力发电机组的电动变桨控制系统,作为设计、制造、检测和认证的依据。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 191 包装储运图示标志 GB 755—2008 旋转电机 定额和性能 GB/T 2422 环境试验 试验方法编写导则 术语和定义 GB/T 2423.1—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验A:低温 GB/T 2423.2—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验B:高温 GB/T 2423.3—2016 环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验Cab:恒定湿热试验 GB/T 2423.4—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分:试验方法 试验Db:交变湿热(12h+12h循环) GB/T 2900.1 电工术语 基本术语 GB/T 2900.53 电工术语 风力发电机组 GB/T 2900.57 电工术语 发电、输电及配电运行 GB/T 3797—2016 电气控制设备 GB/T 3859.1—2013 半导体变流器 通用要求和电网换相变流器 第1-1部分:基本要求规范 GB/T 4208 外壳防护等级(IP代码) GB/T 4365 电工术语 电磁兼容 GB 5226.1—2008 机械电气安全 机械电气设备 第1部分:通用技术条件 GB/T 7251.1—2013 低压成套开关设备和控制设备 第1部分:总则 GB/T 9969 工业产品使用说明书 总则 GB/T 11287—2000 电气继电器 第21部分:量度继电器和保护装置的振动、冲击、碰撞和地震试验 第1篇:振动试验(正弦) GB/T 14537—1993 量度继电器和保护装置的冲击与碰撞试验 GB/T 15543—2008 电能质量 三相电压不平衡 GB/T 15969.1 可编程序控制器 第1部分:通用信息 GB/T 15969.2 可编程序控制器 第2部分:设备要求和测试 GB/T 17626.2—2018 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 静电放电抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.3—2016 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频电磁场辐射抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.4—2018 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.5—2008 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 浪涌(冲击)抗扰度试验 GB/T 17626.6—2017 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 射频场感应的传导骚扰抗扰度试验 GB/T 18451.1—2012 风力发电机组 设计要求 GB/T 19608.1 特殊环境条件分级 第1部分:干热 GB/T 19608.2 特殊环境条件分级 第2部分:干热沙漠 GB/T 19608.3 特殊环境条件分级 第3部分:高原 GB/T 19963 风电场接入电力系统技术规定 GB/T 20641 低压成套开关设备和控制设备 空壳体的一般要求 GB/T 21714.4—2015 雷电防护 第4部分:建筑物内电气和电子系统 GB/T 20540 测量和控制数字数据通信 工业控制系统用现场总线 类型3:PROFIBUS规范 第6部分:应用层协议规范 ISO 11898 道路车辆—控制器局域网络(CAN)(Road vehicles-Controller area network) EN 175301-801 电子元器件质量评估的协调系统 详细规范 圆形可移动卷曲触点的高密度矩形连接器(Detail Specification: High density rectangular connectors,round removable crimp contacts) 3 术语和定义 GB/T 2422、GB/T 2900.1、GB/T 2900.53、GB/T 2900.57、GB/T 4365界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 断电 supply disconnection 由于开关断开而造成有影响的长时间供电中断。 3.2 失效 failure 执行某项规定功能的终结。 注1:“失效”概念作为定义,不适用仅由软件组成的功能项目。 注2:失效后,该功能项有故障。 注3:“失效”是一个事件,区别于作为一种状态的“故障”。 3.3 安全链 safe-chain 一种由风力发电机组若干关键保护节点串联组成的独立于控制系统的硬件保护回路。 3.4 故障 fault 不能执行某规定功能的一种特征状态。它不包括在预防性维护和其他有计划的行动期间,以及因缺乏外部资源条件下不能执行规定功能的状态。 故障经常作为功能项本身失效的结果,但也许在失效前就已经存在。 3.5 正常关机 normal shutdown 关机全过程都是在控制系统控制下进行的关机。 3.6 紧急关机 emergency shutdown 安全链触发使风力发电机组迅速关机。 3.7 电动变桨控制系统 electric pitch control system 调整桨叶角度的装置,主要包括变桨控制器、变桨电动机、变桨伺服驱动器、后备电源等部件。 3.8 变桨伺服驱动器 pitch driver 用于驱动变桨电动机调整风力发电机组桨叶角度的装置。 3.9 后备电源 backup power supply 在电网掉电时为电动变桨控制系统提供能量支撑的电源。 3.10 顺桨 feathering 风轮叶片的几何攻角改变到风轮叶片总和趋近零升力的状态,通常分为正常顺桨和紧急顺桨。 3.11 桨距角 pitch angle 在指定的叶片径向位置叶片弦线与风轮旋转面间的夹角。 3.12 桨距角工作范围 operating blade angle range 风力发电机组的正常运行范围内所对应的叶片桨距角的工作范围。 3.13 最大变桨速率 the maximum pitch rate 所允许的桨距角变化速率最大值。 3.14 冗余技术 redundancy 应用两路器件或系统,用于确保一路器件或系统失效时,另一路器件或系统仍能有效地执行所要求的功能。 3.15 桨叶 blade 吸收风能驱动风轮旋转的部件。 4 技术要求 4.1 使用条件 4.1.1 正常使用环境条件 适用于下述条件并能正常工作: a) 工作环境温度。 1) 常温型:-20℃~+45℃。 2) 低温型:-30℃~+45℃。 b) 相对湿度。 空气清洁,在最高温度为+45℃时,其相对湿度不得超过50%。在较低温度时,允许有较大的相对湿度。例如,+20℃时相对湿度为95%,考虑到温度变化可能发生凝露。 c) 海拔:≤2000m。 4.1.2 正常试验环境条件 主要包括使用气候条件,应在如下大气环境下进行试验: a) 环境温度:20℃以下。 b) 相对湿度:≤90%。 c) 大气压力:86kPa~106kPa。 4.1.3 电源条件 4.1.3.1 交流电源 a) 电源频率变化范围:47.5Hz~51.5Hz。 b) 电源电压允许波动范围:电压额定值的-10%~+10%。 c) 电源的不平衡度应满足GB/T 15543—2008第4章的规定,并在其范围内正常工作。 d) 电源波形为正弦波,总谐波含量小于5%。 4.1.3.2 直流电源 a) 电源电压允许偏差的范围:-15%~+10%。 b) 电源电压纹波系数小于5%。 4.1.4 使用场所的要求 a) 环境中不应有腐蚀破坏绝缘的气体或导电介质,不应有引起火灾或爆炸的介质,不应有明显的及较严重的霉菌。 b) 使用场所应避免雨、雪、沙的进入。 c) 使用场所的接地电阻应小于等于4Ω。 d) 特殊使用场所的要求见GB/T 19608.1、GB/T 19608.2和GB/T 19608.3的规定。 4.1.5 其他使用条件 当超出4.1.1~4.1.4规定的环境条件时,应由制造商与用户签订专门的协议。 4.2 结构要求 4.2.1 柜体设计要求 a) 柜体的构造应符合GB/T 20641的规定。 b) 壳体、外观、表面应无划伤、无变形,应符合GB/T 3797—2016中6.2.1的规定。 c) 防护等级的说明参见GB 4208的规定,具体要求为: 1) 柜体防护等级为IP 54。 2) 外露的接插件防护等级为IP 65。 3) 所有的外部传感器和开关防护等级为IP 65。 如用户有特殊要求,由制造商与用户协商确定。 4.2.2 电气连接要求 应符合GB 5226.1中13章的规定。 4.2.3 元器件要求 系统中所用的元器件应符合其自身的有关标准。其中: a) 可编程序控制器应符合GB/T 15969.1和GB/T 15969.2的规定。 b) 柜体的导线及电缆应符合GB 5226.1中13章的要求。 c) 柜体连接件应符合EN 175301-801的要求。 4.3 功能要求 4.3.1 变桨功能 4.3.1.1 手动开关变桨功能 系统应具备手动变桨开关功能,可分别对每个桨叶进行点动控制。同一时刻只允许对一个桨叶进行控制,并在其回到安全位置后才能驱动另一个叶片。 4.3.1.2 自动变桨功能 正常运行时,变桨系统应能接收风力发电机组控制系统指令,实时调节桨距角,降低机组所承受的载荷水平,达到机组的最优运行和安全运行。应能依据主控要求自动启动、自动变桨、自动顺桨等,如:通过风力发电机组控制系统下发速度、变桨位置指令进行变桨距控制。变桨系统应能在整个变桨范围内正常工作且桨叶同步。变桨性能满足以下技术要求: a) 三个桨叶变桨的最大速率不大于机组最大设计速度。 b) 变桨驱动器的控制精度不大于0.05°。 c) 三个桨叶不同步度推荐值不大于1°。 d) 连续变桨时,变桨接受主控系统下发变桨距指令到变桨轴承开始动作时间不应大于200ms。 e) 变桨控制器指令扫描周期不大于20ms。 4.3.1.3 人机服务操作功能 信息交互:变桨控制系统参数的查询、设置,系统状态查看及故障诊断信息查看。 速度控制:变桨控制系统处于手动模式或维护模式时,通过人机界面可以对每个桨叶的变桨方向和变桨快慢速率进行点动控制。 位置控制:变桨控制系统处于手动模式或维护模式时,通过人机界面可以对每个桨叶进行位置控制。可以设置桨叶变桨速度和给定的位置。 校准:变桨控制系统具备编码器的0°位置或限位开关的位置进行校准的功能。 4.3.2 安全顺桨 4.3.2.1 系统失电 在系统失电时,变桨系统应能自动投入后备电源完成安全顺桨。 4.3.2.2 通信故障 在变桨系统与主控系统之间出现通信故障时,变桨系统应能自动完成安全顺桨。 4.3.2.3 安全链断开 安全链分变桨系统的安全链和主控系统到变桨系统的安全链两部分。当安全链断开时,变桨系统应能自动完成安全顺桨。 4.3.3 故障诊断 变桨系统应具备自诊断及保护功能,能实时检测设备的故障或异常情况,并有良好的安全策略进行处理。有完善的事故记录信息便于故障诊断,信息能及时上送控制系统。诊断及保护可包括以下方面: a) 防雷保护动作。 b) 熔断器或保护开关动作。 c) 柜体温度异常。 d) 通信超时或中断。 e) 变桨控制器故障(包含集中式控制器的变桨系统)。 f) 驱动器故障,一般应包括以下内容: 1) 直流母线低电压; 2) 直流母线过电压; 3) 驱动器过电流; 4) 驱动器过温; 5) 功率开关故障; 6) 内部电源异常; 7) 刹车电阻回路故障; 8) 电动机缺相: 9) 速度、位置传感器短路、开路及数值异常; 10) 内部风扇故障。 g) 电动机故障,一般应包括以下内容: 1) 电动机过温; 2) 电动机过电流; 3) 电动机失速保护; 4) 电动机刹车异常。 h) 充电器故障。 i) 充电回路开路。 j) 后备电源电压异常,包括过电压、欠电压。 4.3.4 上电安全 变桨系统初始化上电时,当环境温度、湿度达不到内部元器件的工作范围时,系统应有预加热功能,只有条件达到要求时,才允许系统工作。 4.3.5 后备电源 4.3.5.1 电池后备电源系统 4.3.5.1.1 容量 电池组的容量应满足在桨叶规定载荷情况下完成3次紧急顺桨动作的要求。载荷按照GB/T 18451.1—2012中7.4的规定。按式(1)计算紧急顺桨时间: 紧急顺桨时间(s)=90°/最大变桨速率[(°)/s] (1) 4.3.5.1.2 充电时间 参考电池的充电要求,选择合适的充电电流使充电时间尽量减小,通常充电时间为6h~10h。 4.3.5.1.3 充电方式 一般为两种,根据系统要求确定: a) 采用共用充电器轮循充电方式; b) 电池组各自独立充电方式。 4.3.5.1.4 监控功能 系统应具备以下监控功能: a) 充电控制功能:按要求控制对电池的充电。在线监测电池及充电器故障,当故障时,能够停止充电,保护电池。 b) 温控功能:使电池工作在规定的温度范围内,保证电池的容量和寿命满足设计要求。 c) 系统监测功能: ——电池的状态监测功能,包括过电压、欠电压、过温; ——充放电回路完好状态、充电器状态(过温、输出短路、过载、输入电压异常)。 推荐具备以下监测功能: ——单元电池的故障或电压不平衡。 ——电池的容量检测功能。 4.3.5.2 电容后备电源系统 4.3.5.2.1 容量 电容组的容量应满足桨叶在规定载荷情况下完成1次以上顺桨动作的要求。载荷按照GB/T 18451.1—2012中7.4的规定,顺桨时间的计算见式(1)。 电容组放电时间的计算可参见附录A。 4.3.5.2.2 充电时间 电容后备电源系统充电从0V到额定电压值的充电时间应小于15min。 电容组充电时间的计算可参见附录A。 4.3.5.2.3 充电方式 采用各自独立充电方式。 4.3.5.2.4 监控功能 系统应具备以下监控功能: a) 充电控制功能:能够控制充电器的启停,在线监测电容及充电器故障,故障情况下关断充电器保护电容。 b) 温控功能:使电容工作在规定的温度范围内,保证电容的容量和寿命满足设计要求。 c) 系统监测功能: 1) 电容的状态监测功能,包括电容组过电压、欠电压、单体或模块过电压、单体或模块电压不平衡、过温。 2) 充放电回路完好状态、充电器状态(过温、输出短路、过载、输入电压异常)。 4.3.6 通信 4.3.6.1 接口一般要求 a) 变桨系统的通信接口,主要用于实现与主控系统的通信。接口可采用CAN、Profibus现场总线等方式。 b) 通信信号线应采用屏蔽双绞铜缆,插接头应带屏蔽外壳,通信线两端屏蔽层应连接到外壳并接地。 c) 在总线的两个末端应接终端电阻,阻止信号反射。 d) 通信电缆经过滑环接入变桨系统,应满足冗余要求。 4.3.6.2 CAN接口要求 CAN通信线应包括CANH、CANL、GND(推荐),总线长度与波特率设置应满足表1的规定,其他要求应满足ISO 11898的规定。 表1 CAN通信距离与速率关系 波特率 总线长 m 波特率 总线长 m 1Mbit/s <20 50kbit/s <1000 500kbit/s <100 20kbit/s <2500 250kbit/s <250 10kbit/s <5000 125kbit/s <500 4.3.6.3 Profibus接口要求 Profibus通信线应包括A、B,总线长度与波特率设置应满足表2规定,其他要求应满足GB/T 20540的规定。 表2 Profibus通信距离与速率关系 波特率 总线长 m 波特率 总线长 m 12Mbit/s <100 93.75kbit/s <1200 1.5Mbit/s <200 19.2kbit/s <1200 500kbit/s <400 9.6kbit/s <1200 187.5kbit/s <1000 4.3.6.4 控制系统交互信息要求 4.3.6.4.1 主控系统到变桨系统 变桨系统应能接受主控系统到变桨系统的以下信息: a) 各桨叶的角度设定值; b) 各桨叶的变桨速度; c) 主控系统的控制命令,包括心跳、故障复位、模式设定等。 4.3.6.4.2 变桨系统到主控系统 主控系统应能接收变桨系统到主控系统的以下信息: a) 各桨叶的当前角度值; b) 各桨叶传感器的当前角度值; c) 各桨叶的当前变桨速度; d) 各电机的转矩/电流; e) 电动机的温度; f) 所有柜体的温度及轮毂温度; g) 各桨叶后备电源温度; h) 系统状态信息。 4.3.6.5 通信规约 产品的通信规约按产品标准的规定。 4.3.7 电网适应性 变桨系统在以下电源条件下,满足GB/T 19963的规定并能工作正常。 4.3.8 电网电压故障穿越 a) 当电网电压跌至对低电压穿越要求的电压时,在规定的持续时间内,与机组主控制系统配合,保证风机不脱网运行。 b) 变桨系统满足低电压穿越要求。 c) 当电网电压上升至高电压穿越要求电压值时,在规定时间内,变桨系统应能正常运行。 4.4 性能要求 4.4.1 带载性能 4.4.1.1 过载能力 变桨控制系统的过载能力应达到至少2倍转矩,持续运行时间应不小于3s。 4.4.1.2 连续满载运行 在常温下,对变桨系统进行不小于72h的连续满载运行试验,变桨系统应工作正常,符合4.3.1.2的规定。 4.4.2 绝缘性能 4.4.2.1 绝缘电阻 各带电的导电电路分别对地(外壳或外露的非带电金属零件)之间,以及无电气联系的各导电回路之间,额定绝缘电压高于63V时,用开路电压为500V(额定绝缘电压小于或等于63V时,用开路电压为250V)的测试仪器测定其绝缘电阻值应不小于1MΩ。 4.4.2.2 温升 在额定运行条件下,各部位的极限温升见表3。 |
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