标准编号:	GB/T 7251.1-2013
中文名称:	低压成套开关设备和控制设备 第1部分:总则
英文名称:	Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies―Part 1:General rules
中标分类:	K31    低压配电电器
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2013-12-31
实施日期:	2015-1-13
标准状态:	superseded
被替代日期:	2024-3-1
作废日期:	2024-03-01
替代旧标准:	GB 7251.1-2013 低压成套开关设备和控制设备 第1部分:总则 其文本不做任何
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	21000 字
翻译价格(元):	600.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies – Part 1: General Rules 低压成套开关设备和控制设备 第1部分:总则 1 Scope This part of GB 7251 lays down the definitions and states of the service conditions, construction requirements, technical characteristics and verification requirements for low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (hereinafter referred to as “ASSEMBLY”) (see 3.1.1). This standard cannot be used alone to specify an ASSEMBLY or used for a purpose of determining conformity. ASSEMBLIES shall comply with the relevant part of the GB 7251 series; Parts 2 onwards. This part applies to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies (ASSEMBLIES) only when required by the relevant ASSEMBLY standard as follows: ——ASSEMBLIES for which the rated voltage does not exceed 1000V in case of a.c. or 1500V in case of d.c.; ——stationary or movable ASSEMBLIES with or without enclosure; ——ASSEMBLIES intended for use in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy, and for the control of electric energy consuming equipment; ——ASSEMBLIES designed for use under special service conditions, for example in ships and in rail vehicles provided that the other relevant specific requirements are complied with; Note 1: supplementary requirements for ASSEMBLIES in ships are covered by GB/T 7061. ——ASSEMBLIES designed for electrical equipment of machines provided that the other relevant specific requirements are complied with. Note 2: supplementary requirements for ASSEMBLIES forming part of a machine are covered by the GB 5226 series. This part applies to all ASSEMBLIES whether they are designed, manufactured and verified on a one-off basis or fully standardized and manufactured in quantity. The manufacture and/or assembly may be carried out other than by the original manufacturer (see 3.10.1). This standard does not apply to individual devices and self-contained components, such as motor starters, fuse switches, electronic equipment, etc. which will comply with the relevant product standards. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2423.17-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test Method – Test Ka: Salt Mist (IEC 60068-2-11:1981, IDT) GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test Methods – Test B: Dry Heat (IEC 60068-2-2:2007, IDT) GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 2: Test method – Test Db: Damp Heat, Cyclic (12h+12h Cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:2005, IDT) GB/T 4025-2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface (MMI), Marking and Identification – Coding Principles for Indicators and Actuators (IEC 60073:2002, IDT) GB/T 4205-2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface (MMI), Marking and Identification – Actuating Principles (IEC 60447:2004, IDT) GB 4208-2008 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code) (IEC 60529:2001, IDT) GB/T 5013.3-2008 Rubber Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750V – Part 3: Heat Resistant Silicone Insulated Cables (IEC 60245-3:1994, IDT) GB/T 5169.10-2006 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 10: Glow/Hot-wire Based Test Methods – Glow-wire Apparatus and Common Test Procedure (IEC 60695-2-10:2000, IDT) GB/T 5169.11-2006 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 11: Glow/Hot-wire Based Test Methods – Glow-wire Flammability Test Method for End-products (IEC 60695-2-11:2000, IDT) GB/T 5169.5-2008 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products – Part 5: Test Flames-Needle Test Method – Apparatus Confirmatory Arrangement and Guidance (IEC 60695-11-5:2004, IDT) GB/T 9341-2008 Plastics – Determination of Flexural Properties (ISO 178:2001, IDT) GB/T 16895.10-2010 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 4-44: Protection for Safety – Protection against Voltage Disturbances and Electromagnetic Disturbances (IEC 60364-4-44:2007, IDT) GB 16895.21-2011 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 4-41: Protection for Safety – Protection Against Electric Shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, IDT) GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation Coordination for Equipment within Low-voltage Systems – Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests (IEC 60664-1:2007, IDT) GB/T 17626.11-2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variations Immunity Tests (IEC 61000-4-11:2004, IDT) GB/T 17626.13-2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Harmonics and Interharmonics Including Mains Signaling at A.C. Power Port, Low Frequency Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-13:2002 ), IDT) GB/T 17626.4-2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-4:2004, IDT) GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagetic Compatibility – Testing and Measurement Techniques – Surge (Impact) Immunity Test (IEC 61000-4-5:2005, IDT) GB/T 20138-2006 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures for Electrical Equipment Against External Mechanical Impacts (IK Code) (IEC 62262:2002, IDT) GB/T 24276-2009 A Method of Temperature-rise Assessment by Extrapolation for Partially Type-tested Assemblies (PTTA) of Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear (IEC/TR 60890:1987+IEC/TR 60890:1987/Amd1:1995, IDT) IEC 60085:2007 Electrical Insulation – Thermal Evaluation and Designation IEC 60216 (All Parts) Electrical Insulating Materials – Properties of Thermal Endurance (All Parts) IEC 60227-3:1993 Polyvinyl Chloride Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750 V – Part 3: Non-sheathed Cables for Fixed Wiring IEC 60245-4:1994 Rubber Insulated Cables – Rated Voltages up to and Including 450/750 V – Part 4: Cords and Flexible Cables IEC 60364 Low-voltage Electrical Installations (All Parts) IEC 60364-5-52:2009 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 5-52: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Wiring Systems IEC 60364-5-53:2001 Electrical Installations of Buildings – Part 5-53: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Isolation, Switching and Control IEC 60364-5-54:2011 Low-voltage Electrical Installations – Part 5-54: Selection and Erection of Electrical Equipment – Earthing Arrangements and Protective Conductors IEC 60439 (All Parts) Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies (All Parts) IEC 60445:2010 Basic and Safety Principles for Man-machine Interface, Marking and Identification – Identification of Equipment Terminals, Conductor Terminations and Conductors IEC 60865-1:1993 Short-circuit Currents – Calculation of Effects – Part 1: Definitions and Calculation Methods IEC 60947-1:2007 Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear – Part 1: General Rules IEC 61000-4-2:2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) -Part 4-2: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test IEC 61000-4-3:2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measurement Techniques – Radiated, Radio Frequency, Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test ) IEC 61000-4-6:2008 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Immunity to Conducted Disturbances, Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields IEC 61000-4-8:2009 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Test IEC 61000-6-4:2006 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-4: Generic Standards – Emission Standard for Industrial Environments ) IEC 61082-1 Preparation of Documents Used in Electro-technology – Part 1: Rules IEC 61180 (All Parts) High-voltage Test Techniques for Low-voltage Equipment (All Parts) IEC 61201:2007 Extra-low Voltage (ELV) – Limit Values IEC 61439 (All Parts) Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies (All Parts) IEC 62208 Empty Enclosures for Low-voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies – General Requirements IEC 81346-1 Industrial Systems, Installations and Equipment and Industrial Products – Structuring Principles and Reference Designations – Part 1: Basic Rules IEC 81346-2 Industrial Systems, Installations and Equipment and Industrial Products – Structuring Principles and Reference Designations – Part 2: Classification of Objects and Codes for Classes IEC/CISPR 11:2009 Industrial, Scientific and Medical Equipment – Radio-frequency Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement ) IEC/CISPR 22 Information Technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurement ISO 179 (All Parts) Plastics – Determination of Charpy Impact Strength (All Parts) ISO 2409:2007 Paints and Varnishes – Cross-cut Test ISO 4628-3:2003 Paints and Varnishes – Evaluation of Degradation of Coatings – Designation of Quantity and Size of Defects, and of Intensity of Uniform Changes in Appearance – Part 3: Assessment of Degree of Rusting ISO 4892-2:2006 Plastics – Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources – Part 2: Xenonarc Lamps 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General Terms 3.1.1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly (ASSEMBLY) Combination of one or more low-voltage switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signaling, protective, regulating equipment, with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts. 3.1.2 ASSEMBLY system Full range of mechanical and electrical components (enclosures, busbars, functional units, etc.), as defined by the original manufacturer, which can be assembled in accordance with the original manufacturer’s instructions in order to produce various ASSEMBLIES. 3.1.3 Main circuit (of an ASSEMBLY) All the conductive parts of an ASSEMBLY included in a circuit which is intended to transmit electrical energy. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-02] 3.1.4 Auxiliary circuit (of an ASSEMBLY) All the conductive parts of an ASSEMBLY included in a circuit (other than the main circuit) intended to control, measure, signal, regulate and process data, etc. Note: The auxiliary circuits of an ASSEMBLY include the control and the auxiliary circuits of the switching devices. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-03, modified] 3.1.5 Busbar Low-impedance conductor to which several electric circuits can be separately connected. Note: the term "busbar" does not presuppose the geometrical shape, size or dimensions of the conductor. 3.1.6 Main busbar Busbar to which one or several distribution busbars and/or incoming and outgoing units can be connected 3.1.7 Distribution busbar Busbar within one section which is connected to a main busbar and from which outgoing units are supplied. Note: Conductors that are connected between a functional unit and a busbar are not considered as a part of the distribution busbars. 3.1.8 Functional unit Part of an ASSEMBLY comprising all the electrical and mechanical elements including switching devices that contribute to the fulfillment of the same function. Note: Conductors which are connected to a functional unit but which are external to its compartment or enclosed protected space (e.g. auxiliary cables connected to a common compartment) are not considered to form part of the functional unit. 3.1.9 Incoming unit Functional unit through which electrical energy is normally fed into the ASSEMBLY. 3.1.10 Outgoing unit Functional unit through which electrical energy is normally supplied to one or more external circuits. 3.1.11 Short-circuit protective device; SCPD Device intended to protect a circuit or parts of a circuit against short-circuit currents by interrupting them. [2.2.21 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.2 Constructional Units of ASSEMBLIES 3.2.1 Fixed part Part consisting of components assembled and wired on a common support and which is designed for fixed installation. 3.2.2 Removable part Part consisting of components assembled and wired on a common support which is intended to be removed entirely from the ASSEMBLY and replaced whilst the circuit to which it is connected may be live. 3.2.3 Connected position Position of a removable part when it is fully connected for its intended function 3.2.4 Removed position Position of a removable part when it is outside the ASSEMBLY, and mechanically and electrically separated from it. 3.2.5 Insertion interlock Device preventing the introduction of a removable part into a location not intended for that removable part. 3.2.6 Fixed connection Connection which is connected or disconnected by means of a tool. 3.2.7 Section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive vertical delineations. 3.2.8 Sub-section Constructional unit of an ASSEMBLY between two successive horizontal or vertical delineations within a section. 3.2.9 Compartment Section or sub-section enclosed except for openings necessary for interconnection, control or ventilation. 3.2.10 Transport unit Part of an ASSEMBLY or a complete ASSEMBLY suitable for transportation without being dismantled. 3.2.11 Shutter Part which can be moved between: ——a position in which it permits engagement of the contacts of a removable part with fixed contacts, and ——a position in which it becomes a part of a cover or a partition shielding the fixed contacts. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-13-07, modified] 3.3 External Design of ASSEMBLIES 3.3.1 Open-type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY consisting of a structure which supports the electrical equipment, the live parts of the electrical equipment being accessible. 3.3.2 Dead-front ASSEMBLY Open-type ASSEMBLY with a front cover; live parts may be accessible from directions other than the front. 3.3.3 Enclosed ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is enclosed on all sides with the possible exception of its mounting surface in such a manner as to provide a defined degree of protection. 3.3.4 Cubicle-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY of the floor-standing type which may comprise several sections, sub-sections or compartments. 3.3.5 Multi-cubicle-type ASSEMBLY Combination of a number of mechanically joined cubicle-type ASSEMBLIES. 3.3.6 Desk-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY with a horizontal or inclined control panel or a combination of both, which incorporates control, measuring, signalling apparatus, etc. 3.3.7 Box-type ASSEMBLY Enclosed ASSEMBLY, intended to be mounted on a vertical plane 3.3.8 Multi-box-type ASSEMBLY Combination of box-type ASSEMBLIES mechanically joined together, with or without a common supporting frame, the electrical connections passing between two adjacent boxes through openings in the adjoining faces. 3.3.9 Wall-mounted surface type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY for installation on the surface of a wall. 3.3.10 Wall-mounted recessed type ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY for installation into a wall recess, where the enclosure does not support the portion of wall above. 3.4 Structural Parts of ASSEMBLIES 3.4.1 Supporting structure Structure forming part of an ASSEMBLY designed to support various components of the ASSEMBLY and any enclosure. 3.4.2 Mounting structure Structure not forming part of an ASSEMBLY designed to support an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.3 Mounting plate Plate designed to support various components and suitable for installation in an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.4 Mounting frame Framework designed to support various components and suitable for installation in an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.5 Enclosure Housing affording the type and degree of protection suitable for the intended application. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-35]. 3.4.6 Cover External part of the enclosure of an ASSEMBLY. 3.4.7 Door Hinged or sliding cover. 3.4.8 Removable cover Cover which is designed for closing an opening in the external enclosure and which can be removed for carrying out certain operations and maintenance work. 3.4.9 Cover plate Part of an ASSEMBLY which is used for closing an opening in the external enclosure and designed to be held in place by screws or similar means. Note 1: It is not normally removed after the equipment is put into service. Note 2: The cover plate can be provided with cable entries. 3.4.10 Partition Part of the enclosure of a compartment separating it from other compartments. 3.4.11 Barrier Part providing protection against direct contact from any direction of access. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-15, modified] 3.4.12 Obstacle Part preventing unintentional direct contact, but not preventing direct contact by deliberate action. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-16, modified] Note: obstacles are intended to prevent unintentional contact with live parts but not intentional contact by deliberate circumvention of the obstacle. They are intended to protect skilled or instructed persons but are not intended to protect ordinary persons. 3.4.13 Terminal shield Part enclosing terminals and providing a defined degree of protection against access to live parts by persons or objects. 3.4.14 Cable entry Part with openings which permit the passage of cables into the ASSEMBLY. 3.4.15 Enclosed protected space Part of an ASSEMBLY intended to enclose electrical components and which provides defined protection against external influences and contact with live parts. 3.5 Conditions of Installation of ASSEMBLIES 3.5.1 ASSEMBLY for indoor installation ASSEMBLY which is designed for use in locations where the normal service conditions for indoor use as specified in 7.1 are fulfilled. 3.5.2 ASSEMBLY for outdoor installation ASSEMBLY which is designed for use in locations where the normal service conditions for outdoor use as specified in 7.1 are fulfilled. 3.5.3 Stationary ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is designed to be fixed at its place of installation, for instance to the floor or to a wall, and to be used at this place. 3.5.4 Movable ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY which is designed so that it can readily be moved from one place of use to another. 3.6 Insulation Characteristics 3.6.1 Clearance The distance between two conductive parts along a string stretched the shortest way between these conductive parts. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-17-31] 3.6.2 Creepage distance The shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-15-50] Note: A joint between two pieces of insulating material is considered part of the surface. 3.6.3 Overvoltage Any voltage having a peak value exceeding the corresponding peak value of the maximum steady-state voltage at normal operating conditions. [Definition 3.7 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.4 Temporary overvoltage Overvoltage at power frequency of relatively long duration (several seconds). [Definition 3.7.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.6.5 Transient overvoltage Short duration overvoltage of a few milliseconds or less, oscillatory or non-oscillatory, usually highly damped. [GB/T 2900.57-2008, 604-03-13] 3.6.6 Power-frequency withstand voltage r.m.s. value of a power-frequency sinusoidal voltage which does not cause breakdown under specified conditions of test. [Definition 2.5.56 of IEC 60947-1:2007] Note: the power-frequency withstand voltage is equivalent to the short-term temporary overvoltage in GB/T 16935.1. 3.6.7 Impulse withstand voltage Highest peak value of impulse voltage of prescribed form and polarity which does not cause breakdown of insulation under specified conditions. [Definition 3.8.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.8 Pollution Any addition of solid, liquid or gaseous foreign matter that can result in a reduction of the dielectric strength or surface resistivity of insulation. [Definition 3.11 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.6.9 Pollution degree (of environmental conditions) Conventional number based on the amount of conductive or hygroscopic dust, ionized gas or salt, and on the relative humidity and its frequency of occurrence resulting in hygroscopic absorption or condensation of moisture leading to reduction in dielectric strength and/or surface resistivity. Note 1: the pollution degree to which the insulating materials of devices and components are exposed may be different from that of the macro-environment where the devices or components are located because of protection offered by means such as an enclosure or internal heating to prevent absorption or condensation of moisture. Note 2: for the purpose of this standard, the pollution degree is of the micro-environment. [Definition 2.5.58 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.10 Micro-environment (of a clearance or creepage distance) Immediate environment of the insulation which particularly influences the dimensioning of the creepage distances. Note: The micro-environment of the creepage distance or clearance and not the environment of the ASSEMBLY or components determines the effect on the insulation. The micro-environment may be better or worse than the environment of the ASSEMBLY or components. [Definition 3.12.2 of GB/T 16935.1-2008] 3.6.11 Overvoltage category (of a circuit or within an electrical system) Conventional number based on limiting (or controlling) the values of prospective transient overvoltages occurring in a circuit (or within an electrical system having different nominal voltages) and depending upon the means employed to influence the overvoltages. Note: In an electrical system, the transition from one overvoltage category to another of lower category is obtained through appropriate means complying with interface requirements, such as an overvoltage protective device or a series-shunt impedance arrangement capable of dissipating, absorbing, or diverting the energy in the associated surge current, to lower the transient overvoltage value to that of the desired lower overvoltage category. [Definition 2.5.60 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.12 Surge arrester Surge protective device; SPD Device designed to protect the electrical apparatus from high transient overvoltages and to limit the duration and frequently the amplitude of the follow-on current. [Definition 2.2.22 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.13 Insulation co-ordination Correlation of insulating characteristics of electrical equipment with the expected overvoltages and the characteristics of overvoltage protective devices on the one hand, and with the expected micro-environment and the pollution protective means on the other hand. [Definition 2.5.61 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.14 Inhomogeneous (non-uniform) field Electric field which has not an essentially constant voltage gradient between electrodes. [Definition 2.5.63 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.15 Tracking Progressive formation of conducting paths which are produced on the surface of a solid insulating material, due to the combined effects of electric stress and electrolytic contamination on this surface. [Definition 2.5.64 of IEC 60947-1:2007] 3.6.16 Comparative tracking index CTI Numerical value of the maximum voltage in volts at which a material withstands 50 drops of a defined test liquid without tracking. Note: the value of each test voltage and the CTI should be divisible by 25. [Definition 2.5.65 of IEC 60947-1:2007, modified] 3.6.17 Disruptive discharge Phenomena associated with the failure of insulation under electrical stress, in which the discharge completely bridges the insulation under test, reducing the voltage between the electrodes to zero or nearly zero. Note 1: a disruptive discharge in a solid dielectric produces permanent loss of dielectric strength; in a liquid or gaseous dielectric, the loss may be only temporary. Note 2: the term "sparkover" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs in a gaseous or liquid dielectric. Note 3: the term "flashover" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs over the surface of a dielectric in a gaseous or liquid medium. Note 4: the term "puncture" is used when a disruptive discharge occurs through a solid dielectric. 3.7 Protection against Electric Shock 3.7.1 Live part Conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal operation, including a neutral conductor, but by convention not a PEN conductor. Note: This term does not necessarily imply a risk of electric shock. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-19, modified] 3.7.2 Hazardous live part Live part which, under certain conditions, can give a harmful electric shock. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-05] 3.7.3 Exposed conductive part Conductive part of the ASSEMBLY, which can be touched and which is not normally live, but which may become a hazardous live part under fault conditions. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-12-10, modified] 3.7.4 Protective conductor (Identification: PE) Conductor provided for purposes of safety, for example protection against electric shock [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-13-22] Note: as an example the protective conductor can electrically connect the following parts: ——exposed conductive parts; ——extraneous conductive parts; ——main earthing terminal; ——earth electrode; ——earthed point of the source or artificial neutral. 3.7.5 Neutral conductor N Conductor electrically connected to the neutral point and capable of contributing to the distribution of electric energy. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-06, modified] 3.7.6 PEN conductor Conductor combining the functions of both a protective earthing conductor and a neutral conductor. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-02-12] 3.7.7 Fault current Current resulting from an insulation failure, the bridging of insulation or incorrect connection in an electrical circuit. 3.7.8 Basic protection Protection against electric shock under fault-free conditions. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-01] Note: Basic protection is intended to prevent contact with live parts and generally corresponds to protection against direct contact. 3.7.9 Basic insulation Insulation of hazardous live parts, which provide basic protection. [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-06] Note: this concept does not apply to insulation used exclusively for functional purposes. 3.7.10 Fault protection Protection against electric shock under single-fault conditions (e.g. failure of basic insulation). [GB/T 2900.73-2008, 195-06-02, modified] Note: fault protection generally corresponds to protection against indirect contact, mainly with regard to failure of basic insulation. 3.7.11 Extra-low voltage; ELV Any voltage not exceeding the relevant voltage limit specified in IEC 61201. 3.7.12 Skilled person Person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid hazards which electricity can create. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-01] 3.7.13 Instructed person Person adequately advised or supervised by skilled persons to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid hazards electricity can create. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-02] 3.7.14 Ordinary person Person who is neither a skilled person nor an instructed person. [GB/T 2900.71-2008, 826-18-03] 3.7.15 Authorized person Skilled or instructed person, who is empowered to execute defined work. 3.8 Characteristics 3.8.1 Nominal value Value of a quantity used to designate and identify a component, device, equipment or system. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-09] Note: the nominal value is generally a rounded value. 3.8.2 Limiting value In a specification of a component, device, equipment or system, the greatest or smallest admissible value of a quantity. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-10] 3.8.3 Rated value Value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating conditions of a component, device, equipment, or system. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-08] 3.8.4 Rating Set of rated values and operating conditions. [GB/T 2900.83-2008, 151-16-11] 3.8.5 Nominal voltage (of an electrical system) Approximate value of voltage used to designate or identify an electrical system [GB/T 2900.50-2008, 601-01-21 modified] 3.8.6 Short-circuit current Ic Over-current resulting from a short circuit due to a fault or an incorrect connection in an electric circuit. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-11-07] 3.8.7 Prospective short-circuit current Icp r.m.s. value of the current which would flow if the supply conductors to the circuit are short circuited by a conductor of negligible impedance located as near as practicable to the supply terminals of the ASSEMBLY (see 10.11.5.4). 3.8.8 Cut-off current Let-through current Maximum instantaneous value of current attained during the breaking operation of a switching device or a fuse. Note: this concept is of particular importance when the switching device or the fuse operates in such a manner that the prospective peak current of the circuit is not reached. [IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-17-12]. 3.8.9 Voltage ratings 3.8.9.1 Rated voltage Un Highest nominal voltage of the electrical system, a.c. (r.m.s.) or d.c., declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, to which the main circuit(s) of the ASSEMBLY is (are) designed to be connected. Note 1: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. Note 2: transients are disregarded. Note 3: the value of the supply voltage may exceed the rated voltage due to permissible system tolerances. 3.8.9.2 Rated operational voltage (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) Ue Value of voltage, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, which combined with the rated current determines its application. Note: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. 3.8.9.3 Rated insulation voltage Ui r.m.s withstand voltage value, assigned by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer to the equipment or to a part of it, characterizing the specified (long-term) withstand capability of the insulation. [Definition 3.9.1 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] Note 1: in polyphase circuits, it is the voltage between phases. Note 2: the rated insulation voltage is not necessarily equal to the rated operational voltage of equipment, which is primarily related to functional performance. 3.8.9.4 Rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp Impulse withstand voltage value, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, characterizing the specified withstand capability of the insulation against transient overvoltages. [Definition 3.9.2 of GB/T 16935.1-2008, modified] 3.8.10 Current ratings 3.8.10.1 Rated current In Value of current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer which can be carried without the temperature-rise of various parts of the ASSEMBLY exceeding specified limits under specified conditions. Note: for rated current of the ASSEMBLY (InA) see 5.3.1, and for rated current of a circuit (Inc) see 5.3.2. 3.8.10.2 Rated peak withstand current Ipk Value of peak short-circuit current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood under specified conditions. 3.8.10.3 Rated short-time withstand current Icw r.m.s value of short-time current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood under specified conditions, defined in terms of a current and time. 3.8.10.4 Rated conditional short-circuit current Icc Value of prospective short-circuit current, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, that can be withstood for the total operating time (clearing time) of the short-circuit protective device (SCPD) under specified conditions. Note: the short-circuit protective device may form an integral part of the ASSEMBLY or may be a separate unit. 3.8.11 Rated diversity factor; RDF Per unit value of the rated current, assigned by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, to which outgoing circuits of an ASSEMBLY can be continuously and simultaneously loaded taking into account the mutual thermal influences. 3.8.12 Rated frequency fn Value of frequency, declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer, for which a circuit is designed and to which the operating conditions refer. Note: A circuit may be assigned a number or a range of rated frequencies or be rated for both a.c. and d.c. 3.8.13 Electromagnetic compatibility; EMC Note: for EMC related terms and definitions, see J.3.8.13.1 to J.3.8.13.5 of Appendix J. 3.9 Verification 3.9.1 Design verification Verification made on a sample of an ASSEMBLY or on parts of ASSEMBLIES to show that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. Note: design verification may comprise one or more equivalent methods, see 3.9.1.1, 3.9.1.2 and 3.9.1.3. 3.9.1.1 Verification test Test made on a sample of an ASSEMBLY or on parts of ASSEMBLIES to verify that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. Note: verification tests are equivalent to type tests. 3.9.1.2 Verification comparison Structured comparison of a proposed design for an ASSEMBLY, or parts of an ASSEMBLY, with a reference design verified by test. 3.9.1.3 Verification assessment Design verification of strict design rules or calculations applied to a sample of an ASSEMBLY or to parts of ASSEMBLIES to show that the design meets the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.9.2 Routine verification Verification of each ASSEMBLY performed during and/or after manufacture to confirm whether it complies with the requirements of the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.10 Manufacturer/User 3.10.1 Original manufacturer Organization that has carried out the original design and the associated verification of an ASSEMBLY in accordance with the relevant ASSEMBLY standard. 3.10.2 ASSEMBLY manufacturer Organization taking the responsibility for the completed ASSEMBLY Note: the ASSEMBLY manufacturer may be a different organization to the original manufacturer. 3.10.3 User Party who will specify, purchase, use and/or operate the ASSEMBLY, or someone acting on their behalf 4 Symbols and Abbreviations Alphabetical list of terms with symbols and abbreviations together with the clause where they are first used: Symbol/Abbreviation Term Clause CTI comparative tracking index 3.6.16 ELV extra-low voltage 3.7.11 EMC electromagnetic compatibility 3.8.13 fn rated frequency 3.8.12 Ic short-circuit current 3.8.6 Icc rated conditional short-circuit current 3.8.10.4 Icp prospective short-circuit current 3.8.7 Icw rated short-time withstand current 3.8.10.3 InA rated current of the ASSEMBLY 5.3.1 Inc rated current of a circuit 5.3.2 Ipk rated peak withstand current 3.8.10.2 N neutral conductor 3.7.5 PE protective conductor 3.7.4 PEN PEN conductor 3.7.6 RDF rated diversity factor 3.8.11 SCPD short-circuit protective device 3.1.11 SPD surge protective device 3.6.12 Ue rated operational voltage 3.8.9.2 Ui rated insulation voltage 3.8.9.3 Uimp rated impulse withstand voltage 3.8.9.4 Un rated voltage 3.8.9.1 5 Interface Characteristics 5.1 General The characteristics of the ASSEMBLY shall ensure compatibility with the ratings of the circuits to which it is connected and the installation conditions and shall be declared by the ASSEMBLY manufacturer using the criteria identified in 5.2 to 5.6. 5.2 Voltage Ratings 5.2.1 Rated voltage (Un) (of the ASSEMBLY) The rated voltage shall be at least equal to the nominal voltage of the electrical system. 5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (Ue) (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) The rated operational voltage of any circuit shall not be less than the nominal voltage of the electrical system to which it is to be connected. If different from the rated voltage of the ASSEMBLY, the appropriate rated operational voltage of the circuit shall be stated. 5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (Ui) (of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) The rated insulation voltage of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY is the voltage value to which dielectric test voltages and creepage distances are referred. The rated insulation voltage of a circuit shall be equal or higher than the values stated for Un and for Ue for the same circuit. Note: for single-phase circuits derived from IT systems (see IEC 60364-5-52), the rated insulation voltage should be at least equal to the voltage between phases of the supply. 5.2.4 Rated impulse withstand voltage (Uimp) (of the ASSEMBLY) The rated impulse withstand voltage shall be equal to or higher than the values stated for the transient overvoltages occurring in the electrical system(s) to which the circuit is designed to be connected. Note: the preferred values of rated impulse withstand voltage are those given in Table G.1 of Appendix G.

Foreword i Introduction v 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 3.1 General Terms 3.2 Constructional Units of ASSEMBLIES 3.3 External Design of ASSEMBLIES 3.4 Structural Parts of ASSEMBLIES 3.5 Conditions of Installation of ASSEMBLIES 3.6 Insulation Characteristics 3.7 Protection against Electric Shock 3.8 Characteristics 3.9 Verification 3.10 Manufacturer/User 4 Symbols and Abbreviations 5 Interface Characteristics 5.1 General 5.2 Voltage Ratings 5.3 Current Ratings 5.4 Rated Diversity Factor (RDF) 5.5 Rated Frequency (fn) 5.6 Other Characteristics 6 Information 6.1 ASSEMBLY Designation Marking 6.2 Documentation 6.3 Device and/or Component Identification 7 Service Conditions 7.1 Normal Service Conditions 7.2 Special Service Conditions 7.3 Conditions during Transport, Storage and Installation 8 Constructional Requirements 8.1 Strength of Materials and Parts 8.2 Degree of Protection Provided by an ASSEMBLY Enclosure 8.3 Clearances and Creepage Distances 8.4 Protection against Electric Shock 8.5 Incorporation of Switching Devices and Components 8.6 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 8.7 Cooling 8.8 Terminals for External Conductors 9 Performance Requirements 9.1 Dielectric Properties 9.2 Temperature Rise Limits 9.3 Short-circuit Protection and Short-circuit Withstand Strength 9.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 10 Design Verification 10.1 General 10.2 Strength of Materials and Parts 10.3 Degree of Protection of ASSEMBLIES 10.4 Clearances and Creepage Distances 10.5 Protection against Electric Shock and Integrity of Protective Circuits 10.6 Incorporation of Switching Devices and Components 10.7 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 10.8 Terminals for External Conductors 10.9 Dielectric Properties 10.10 Verification of Temperature Rise 10.11 Short-circuit Withstand Strength 10.12 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 10.13 Mechanical Operation 11 Routine Verification 11.1 General 11.2 Degree of Protection of Enclosures 11.3 Clearances and Creepage Distances 11.4 Protection against Electric Shock and Integrity of Protective Circuits 11.5 Incorporation of Built-in Components 11.6 Internal Electrical Circuits and Connections 11.7 Terminals for External Conductors 11.8 Mechanical Operation 11.9 Dielectric Properties 11.10 Wiring, Operational Performance and Function Appendix A (Normative) Minimum and Maximum Cross-section of Copper Conductors Suitable for Connection to Terminals for External Conductors (See 8.8) Appendix B (Normative) Method of Calculating the Cross-sectional Area of Protective Conductors with regard to Thermal Stresses due to Currents of Short Duration Appendix C (Informative) User Information Template Appendix D (Informative) Design Verification Appendix E (Informative) Rated Diversity Factor E.1 General E.2 Rated Diversity Factor of An ASSEMBLY E.3 Rated Diversity Factor of A Group of Outgoing Circuits E.4 Rated Diversity Factor and Intermittent Duty Appendix F (Normative) Measurement of Clearances and Creepage Distances F.1 Basic Principles F.2 Use of Ribs Appendix G (Normative) Correlation between the Nominal Voltage of the Supply System and the Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage of the Equipment Appendix H (Informative) Operating Current and Power Loss of Copper Conductors Appendix I (Void) Appendix J (Normative) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) J.1 General J.2 Terms and Definitions Appendix K (Normative) Protection by Electrical Separation K.1 General K.2 Electrical Separation K.3 Class II Equipment or Equivalent Insulation Appendix L (Informative) Clearances and Creepage Distances for North American Region Appendix M (Informative) North American Temperature Rise Limits Appendix N (normative) Operating Current and Power Loss of Bare Copper Bars Appendix O (Informative) Guidance on Temperature Rise Verification O.1 General O.2 Temperature Rise Limits O.3 Test O.4 Calculation O.5 Design Rules Appendix P (Normative) Verification of the Short-circuit Withstand Strength of Busbar Structures by Comparison with a Tested Reference Design by Calculation P.1 General P.2 Terms and Definitions P.3 Method of Verification P.4 Conditions for Application Bibliography Figure E.1 Typical ASSEMBLY Figure E.2 Example 1: Table E.1 – Functional unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.3 Example 2: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.4 Example 3: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.5 Example 4: Table E.1 - Functional Unit Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Figure E.6 Example of Average Heating Effect Calculation Figure E.7 Example Graph for the Relation between the Equivalent RDF and the Parameters at Intermittent Duty at t1=0.5 s, I1=7I2 at Different Cycle Times Figure E.8 Example Graph for the Relation between the Equivalent RDF and the Parameters at Intermittent Duty at I1=I2 (No Starting Overcurrent) Figure F.1 Measurement of Ribs Figure J.1 Examples of Ports Figure O.1 Temperature Rise Verification Methods Figure P.1 Tested Busbar Structure (TS) Figure P.2 Non Tested Busbar Structure (NTS) Figure P.3 Angular Busbar Configuration with Supports at the Corners Table 1 Minimum Clearances in Air a (8.3.2) Table 2 Minimum Creepage Distances (8.3.3) Table 3 Cross-sectional Area of A Copper Protective Conductor (8.4.3.2.2) Table 4 Conductor Selection and Installation Requirements (8.6.4) Table 5 Minimum Cross-sectional Area of Copper Protective Conductors (PE, PEN) (8.8) Table 6 Temperature-rise Limits (9.2) Table 7 Values for the Factor na (9.3.3) Table 8 Power-frequency Withstand Voltage for Main Circuits (10.9.2) Table 9 Power-frequency Withstand Voltage for Auxiliary and Control Circuits (10.9.2) Table 10 Impulse Withstand Test Voltages (10.9.3) Table 11 Copper Test Conductors for Rated Currents up to 400A Inclusive (10.10.2.3.2) Table 12 Copper Test Conductors for Rated Currents from 400A to 4000A (10.10.2.3.2) Table 13 Short-circuit Verification by Comparison with a Reference Design: Check List (10.5.3.3, 10.11.3 and 10.11.4) Table 14 Relationship between Prospective Fault Current and Diameter of Copper Wire Table A.1 Cross-section of Copper Conductors Suitable for Connection to Terminals for External Conductors Table B.1 Values of k for Insulated Protective Conductors not incorporated in Cables, or Bare Protective Conductors in contact with Cable Covering Table C.1 Template Table D.1 List of Design Verifications to be Performed Table E.1 Examples of Loading for an ASSEMBLY with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table E.2 Example of Loading of a Group of Circuits (Section B - Figure E.1) with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table E.3 Example of Loading of a Group of Circuits (Sub-distribution Board - Figure E.1) with a Rated Diversity Factor of Table F.1 Minimum Width of Grooves Table G.1 Correspondence between the Nominal Voltage of the Supply System and the Equipment Rated Impulse Withstand Voltage Table H.1 Operating Current and Power Loss of Single-core Copper Cables with a Permissible Conductor Temperature of 70ºC Table H.2 Reduction Factor k1 for Cables with a Permissible Conductor Temperature of 70ºC Table J.1 Tests for EMC Immunity for Environment A Table J.2 Tests for EMC Immunity for Environment B Table J.3 Acceptance Criteria when Electromagnetic Disturbances are Present Table K.1 Maximum Disconnecting Times for TN Systems Table L.1 Minimum Clearances in Air Table L.2 Minimum Creepage Distances Table M.1 North American Temperature Rise Limits Table N.1 Operating Current and Power Loss of Bare Copper Bars with Rectangular Cross-section, Run Horizontally and Arranged with Their Largest Face Vertical, Frequency 50 Hz~60 Hz Table N.2 Factor k4 for Different Temperatures of the Air inside the ASSEMBLY and/or for the Conductors

低压成套开关设备和控制设备 第1部分：总则 1 范围 GB 7251的本部分规定了低压成套开关设备和控制设备(以下简称成套设备)(见3.1.1)的定义、使用条件、结构要求、技术特性和验证要求。 本部分不能单独用来规定一种成套设备或用于确定一致性。成套设备应遵循GB 7251系列相关部分；从第2部分起。 本部分仅适用于符合下述相关的成套设备标准要求的低压成套开关设备和控制设备： ——额定电压交流不超过1 000 V，直流不超过1 500 V的成套设备； ——带外壳或不带外壳的固定式或移动式成套设备； ——与发电、输电、配电和电能转换的设备以及控制电能消耗的设备所配套使用的成套设备； ——那些为特殊使用条件而设计的成套设备，如船舶、机车车辆使用的成套设备，只要它们符合其他有关的特定要求； 注1：GB/T 7061包含了对船用成套设备的补充要求。 ——为机器的电气设备而设计的成套设备，假定符合其他相关特定要求。 注2：GB 5226系列标准包含了构成机器组成部分的成套设备的补充要求。 本部分适用于那些一次性设计、制造和验证或完全标准化批量制造的成套设备。 进行生产和/或组装的可以不是初始制造商(见3.10.1)。 本部分不适用于符合各自相关产品标准的单独的器件及整装的元件，诸如电机起动器、刀熔开关、电子设备等。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 2423.17—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验Ka；盐雾(IEC 60068-2-11：1981，IDT) GB/T 2423.2—2008 电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验B：高温(IEC 60068-2-2：2007，IDT) GB/T 2423.4—2008电工电子产品环境试验 第2部分：试验方法 试验Db交变湿热(12 h+12 h循环)(IEC 60068-2-30：2005，IDT) GB/T 4025—2010 人机界面标志标识的基本和安全规则 指示器和操作器件的编码规则(IEC 60073：2002，IDT) GB/T 4205—2010人机界面标志标识的基本和安全规则 操作规则(IEC 60447：2004，IDT) GB 4208—2008外壳防护等级(IP代码)(IEC 60529：2001，IDT) GB/T 5013.3—2008额定电压450/750V及以下橡皮绝缘电缆 第3部分：耐热硅橡胶绝缘电缆(IEC 60245-3：1994，IDT) GB/T 5169.10—2006 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第10部分：灼热丝/热丝基本试验方法 灼热丝装置和通用试验方法(IEC 60695-2-10：2000，IDT) GB/T 5169.11—2006 电工电子产品着火危险试验 第11部分：灼热丝/热丝基本试验方法 成品的灼热丝可燃性试验方法(IEC 60695-2-11：2000，IDT) GB/T 5169.5—2008电工电子产品着火危险试验 第5部分：试验火焰 针焰试验方法 装置、确认试验方法和导则(IEC 60695-11-5：2004，IDT) GB/T 9341 2008塑料 弯曲性能的测定(ISO 178：2001，IDT) GB/T 16895.10—2010 低压电气装置 第4-44部分：安全防护 电压骚扰和电磁骚扰防护(IEC 60364-4-44：2007，IDT) GB 16895.21—2011 低压电气装置 第4-41部分： 安全防护 电击防护(IEC 60364-4-41：2005，IDT) GB/T 16935.1—2008 低压系统内设备的绝缘配合 第1部分：原理、要求和试验(IEC 60664-1：2007，IDT) GB/T 17626.11—2008 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电压暂降、短时中断和电压变化的抗扰度试验(IEC 61000-4-11：2004，IDT) GB/T 17626.13—2006 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 交流电源端口谐波、谐间波及电网信号的低频抗扰度试验(IEC 61000-4-13：20023)，IDT) GB/T 17626.4—2008 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 电快速瞬变脉冲群抗扰度试验(IEC 61000-4-4：2004，IDT) GB/T 17626.5—2008 电磁兼容 试验和测量技术 浪涌(冲击)抗扰度试验(IEC 61000-4-5：2005，IDT) GB/T 20138—2006 电器设备外壳对外界机械碰撞的防护等级(IK代码)(IEC 62262：2002，IDT) GB/T 24276—2009评估部分型式试验的低压成套开关设备和控制设备(PTTA)温升的外推法(IEC/TR 60890：l987+IEC/TR 60890：1987/Amd 1：1995，IDT) IEC 60085：2007电气绝缘 耐热性分级(Electrical insulation—Thermal evaluation and designa-tion) IEC 60216(所有部分) 电气绝缘材料 耐热性[Electrical insulating materials—Properties of thermal endurance(all parts)] IEC 60227-3：1993额定电压450/750 V及以下聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆 第3部分：固定布线用无护套电缆(Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V—Part 3：Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiring) IEC 60245-4：1994额定电压450/750 V及以下橡皮绝缘电缆 第4部分：软线和软电缆(Rubber insulated cables-Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V—Part 4：Cords and flexible cables) IEC 60364建筑物电气装置(所有部分)[Low-voltage electrical installations(all parts)] IEC 60364-5-52：2009建筑物电气装置 第5-52部分：电气设备的选择和安装 布线系统(Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 5-52：Selection and erection of electrical equipment-Wiring sys-tems) IEC 60364-5-53：2001建筑物电气装置 第5-53部分：电气设备的选择和安装 开关设备和控制设备(Electrical installations of buildings—Part 5-53：Selection and erection of electrical equipment—Isolation，switching and control) 3)有一个统一的版本1.1(2009)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-13(2002)和它的修订1(2009)。 IEC 60364-5-54：2011建筑物电气装置 第5-54部分：电气设备的选择和安装 接地配置，保护导体和保护联结导体(Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 5-54：Selection and erection of electri- cal equipment-Earthing arrangements and protective conductors) IEC 60439(所有部分) 低压成套开关设备和控制设备[-Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies(all parts)] IEC 60445：2010人机界面标志标识的基本和安全规则 设备端子和特定导线的线端标识，包括 字母和数字系统的一般规则(Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface，marking and iden-tification—Identification of equipment terminals，conductor terminations and conductors) IEC 60865-1：1993 短路电流 影响计算 第1部分：定义和计算方法(Short-circuit currents-Calculation of effects—Part 1：Definitions and calculation methods) IEC 60947-1：2007 低压开关设备和控制设备 第1部分：总则(Low-voltage switchgear and con-trolgear-Part 1：General rules) IEC 61000-4-2：2008电磁兼容 第4-2部分：试验和测量技术 静电放电抗扰度试验[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)-Part 4-2：Testing and measurement techniques—Electrostatic dis-charge immunity test] IEC 61000-4-3：2006 电磁兼容 第4-3部分：试验和测量技术 射频电磁场辐射抗扰度试验4)[Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-3：Testing and measurement techniques—Radiated，radio frequency，electromagnetic field immunity test] IEC 61000-4-6：2008 电磁兼容 第4-6部分：试验和测量技术 射频场感应的传导骚扰抗扰度[Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-6：Testing and measurement techniques—Immunity to conducted disturbances，induced by radio-frequency fields] IEC 61000-4-8：2009电磁兼容 第4-8部分：试验和测量技术 工频磁场抗扰度试验[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 4-8：Testing and measurement techniques—Power frequency magnetic field imm unity test] IEC 61000-6-4：2006 电磁兼容 第6部分：通用标准 第4章：工业环境的发射标准5)[Electro-magnetic compatibility(EMC)—Part 6-4：Generic standards—Emission standard for industrial envi-ronments] IEC 61082-1 电气技术用文件的编制 第1部分：总则(Preparation of documents used in electro-technology—Part 1：Rules) IEC 61180(所有部分) 低压设备的高压试验技术[High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment(all parts)] IEC 61201：2007 特低电压(ELV) 极限值 IEC 61439(所有部分) 低压成套开关设备和控制设备[Low-voltage switehgear and eontrolgear assemblies(all parts)] IEC 62208 低压开关设备和控制设备空壳体的一般要求(Empty enclosures for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies—General requirements) IEC 81346-1 工业系统、装置和设备、工业产品 构造准则和参考标识 第1部分：基本规则(In-dustrial systems，installations and equipment and industrial products—Structuring principles and ref-erenee designations—Part 1：Basic rules) IEC 81346-2工业系统、装置和设备、工业产品 构造准则和参考标识 第2部分：对象分类和类的代码(Industrial systems，installations and equipment and industrial products—Structuring principles and reference designations—Part 2：Classification of objects and codes for classes) 4) 有一个统一的版本3.2(2010)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-3(2006)和修订1(2007)、修订2(2010)。 5)有一个统一的版本2.1(2011)，它包括了IEC 61000-4-4(2006)和它的修订1(2010)。 IEC/CISPR 11：2009工业科技、医疗(ISM)射频装置的电磁骚扰特性 极限值和测量方法6)(In-dustrial，scientific and medical equipment—Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement) IEC/CISPR 22 信息技术设备、射频骚扰特性 极限值和测量方法(Information technology e-quipment—Radio disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement) ISO 179(所有部分)塑料 摆锤冲击强度的测定[Plastics—Determination of Charpy impact strength(all parts)] ISO 2409：2007 油漆和清漆 附着力(划格法)(Paints and varnishes—Cross-cut test) ISO 4628-3：2003 油漆和清漆 油漆涂层剥蚀的评定 一般性缺陷程度、数量和大小及外观光亮均匀性变化的规定 第3部分：生锈程度的规定(Paints and varnishes—Evaluation of degradation of coatings—Designation of quantity and size of defects，and of intensity of uniform changes in appear-ance—Part 3：Assessment of degree of rusting) ISO 4892-2：2006塑料 实验室光源暴露试验方法 第2部分：氙弧灯(Plastics—Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources—Part 2：Xenonarc lamps) 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 通用术语 3.1.1 低压成套开关没备和控制设备(成套设备)low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly(AS-SEMBLY) 由一个或多个低压开关器件和与之相关的控制、测量、信号、保护、调节等设备，以及所有内部的电气和机械的连接及结构部件构成的组合体。 3.1.2 成套设备系统 ASSEMBLY system 按照初始制造商规定的全系列机械和电气元件(外壳，母线、功能单元等)，用这些元件能依据初始制造商的说明书组合成不同的成套设备。 3.1.3 主电路(成套设备的) main circuit(of an ASSEMBLY) 在成套设备中，一条用来传输电能的电路上的所有导电部分。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-02] 3.1.4 辅助电路(成套设备的) auxiliary circuit(of an ASSEMBLY) 在成套设备中，一条用于控制、测量、信号、调节、处理数据等的电路(除了主电路以外的)中的所有导电部分。 注：成套设备的辅助电路包括开关电器的控制电路和辅助电路。 [修改后的IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-03] 3.1.5 母线 busbar 一种可以与几条电路分别连接的低阻抗导体。 6) 有一个统一的版本5.1(2010)，它包括了CISPR11(2009)和它的修订1(2010)。 注：母线这个术语与导体的几何形状、尺寸、面积无关。 3.1.6 主母线 main busbar 连接一条或几条配电母线和/或进线、出线单元的母线。 3.1.7 配电母线distribution busbar 一个柜架单元内的母线，它连接到主母线上，并由它向出线单元供电。 注：在功能单元和母线之间连接的导体不作为配电母线的一部分。 3.1.8 功能单元 functional unit 它是成套设备的一部分，由完成相同功能的所有电气和机械部件组成，包括开关电器。 注：虽然连接在功能单元上，但位于隔室或封闭的防护空间外部的导体(例如连接公共隔室的辅助电缆)不视为功能单元的一部分。 3.1.9 进线单元incoming unit 通过它把电能馈送到成套设备中去的一种功能单元。 3.1.10 出线单元0utgoing unit 通过它把电能输送给一个或多个出线电路的一种功能单元。 3.1.11 短路保护电器short-circuit protective device：SCPD 用分断短路电流来保护电路或电路部件免受短路电流损坏的电器。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.2.21] 3.2成套设备结构单元 3.2.1 固定式部件fixed part 由组装在公共支架上并在其上配线的元件组成，而且它是设计成固定安装的。 3.2.2 可移式部件removable part 由组装在公共支架上并在其上配线的元件组成的部件，该部件即使在与其连接的电路可能带电的情况下，也可以从成套设备中完整的取出和放回。 3.2.3 连接位置 connected position 可移式部件为实现其预期功能而处于完好的连接状态的一种位置。 3.2.4 移出位置 removed position 可移式部件移到成套设备外部，并与成套设备在机械上和电气上均脱离的一种位置。 3.2.5 插入式联锁insertion interlock 一种防止可移式部件插入其非预定位置的装置。 3.2.6 固定连接 fixed connection 利用工具进行连接或分离的一种连接。 3.2.7 柜架单元 section 成套设备中两个相邻的垂直分界面之间的结构单元。 3.2.8 框架单元 sub-section 成套设备中柜架单元内的两个相邻的水平或垂直分界面之间的结构单元。 3.2.9 隔室 compartment 除进行内部接线、调整或通风时才需要打开外，通常是封闭着的一种柜架单元或框架单元。 3.2.10 运输单元transport unit 不必进行拆卸即可适合于运输的完整的成套设备或其中一部分。 3.2.11 活动挡板shutter 可以在下述两个位置间移动的部件： ——它移动到这一位置时，允许可移式部件的动触点和静触点接合，并且 ——它移动到另一位置时，作为覆板或隔板将静触点屏蔽起来。 [修改后的IEC 60050-441：1984，441-13-07] 3.3成套设备外形设计 3.3.1 开启式成套设备open-type ASSEMBLY 一种由支撑电气设备的支撑结构所组成的成套设备，其电气设备的带电部分易被触及。 3.3.2 固定面板式成套设备dead-front ASSEMBLY 带有前护板的开启式成套设备，而其他的面仍可能易于触及带电部分。 3.3.3 封闭式成套设备enclosed ASSEMBLY 除安装面外，所有面都封闭的成套设备，用此方式提供确定的防护等级。 3.3.4 柜式成套设备cubicle-type ASSEMBLY 通常是指一种封闭的立式成套设备，它可以由若干个柜架单元、框架单元或隔室组成。 3.3.5 柜组式成套设备multi-cubicle-type ASSEMBLY 数个柜式成套设备机械地组合在一起的一种组合体。 3.3.6 台式成套设备desk-type ASSEMBLY 带有水平或倾斜控制面板，或二者兼有的封闭式成套设备，它配有控制、测量、信号等器件。 3.3.7 箱式成套设备box-type ASSEMBLY 安装在垂直面上的一种封闭式成套设备。 3.3.8 箱组式成套设备multi-box-type ASSEMBLY 数个箱式成套设备机械地组合在一起的一种组合体，它可带有或不带有公共支撑框架，可通过两个相邻的箱式成套设备的邻接面的开口进行电气连接。 3.3.9 安装在墙表面的成套设备wall-mounted surface type ASSEMBLY 安装在墙体表面的成套设备。 3.3.10 嵌入墙中的成套设备wall-mounted recessed type ASSEMBLY 安装在墙面凹槽里的成套设备，外壳不支撑上面部分的墙体。 3.4成套设备结构部件 3.4.1 支撑结构 supporting structure 成套设备的结构组成部分，用来支撑成套设备中的各种元件和任何一种外壳。 3.4.2 安装结构 mounting structure 用来支撑成套设备的一种结构部件，但不作为成套设备的组成部分。 3.4.3 安装板mounting plate 用于支撑各种元件并且适合于在成套设备中安装的板。 3.4.4 安装框架mounting frame 用于支撑各种元件并且适合于安装在成套设备中的一种框架。 3.4.5 外壳 enclosure 能提供预期应用上相适的防护类型和防护等级的外罩。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-02-35] 3.4.6 覆板cover 成套设备外壳上的外装部件。 3.4.7 门door 一种带铰链的或可滑动的覆板。 3.4.8 可移式覆板removable cover 用来遮盖外壳上的开口的一种覆板，当进行某些操作和检修时，可将其移开。 3.4.9 盖板cover plate 通常是指成套设备上的一种部件，用它来遮盖外壳上的开口。用螺钉或类似方法固定在其位置上。 注1：设备投入运行后此盖板一般不移开。 注2：此盖板上可配备电缆入口。 3.4.10 隔板partition 用来将一个隔室与其他隔室隔开的一种外壳部件。 3.4.11 挡板 barrier 对来自各个方向的直接接触提供防护的部件。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-15] 3.4.12 屏障 obstacle 用来防止无意的直接接触，但不能防止有意的直接接触的一种部件。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-16] 注：屏障是用来防止非故意的接触带电部分，但不能防止有意的绕过屏障的故意接触。它们是用来保护熟练技术人员或受过培训的人员而不是一般人员。 3.4.13 端子护罩terminal shield 用于封闭端子和提供规定的防护等级以防止人或物体接近带电部分的一种部件。 3.4.14 电缆入口 cable entry 一种带有开口的部件，可以将电缆从此开口处引入成套设备。 3.4.15 封闭的防护空间 enclosed protected space 将电器元件封闭起来的成套设备的一部分，它提供规定的防护以防止外界的影响和接触带电部分。 3.5成套设备安装条件 3.5.1 户内式成套设备ASSEMBLY for indoor installation 满足7.1中所规定的户内正常使用条件的成套设备。 3.5.2 户外式成套设备ASSEMBLY for outdoor installation 满足7.1中所规定的户外正常使用条件的成套设备。 3.5.3 固定式成套设备stationary ASSEMBLY 固定在安装位置上，例如固定在地面或墙上，并在该位置上使用。 3.5.4 移动式成套设备movable ASSEMBLY 能够容易地从一个使用地点移动到另一个使用地点的成套设备。 3.6绝缘特性 3.6.1 电气间隙 clearance 两个导电部分之间的最短直线距离。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-17-31] 3.6.2 爬电距离 creepage distance 两个导电部分之间沿固体绝缘材料表面的最短距离。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-15-50] 注：两个绝缘材料部件之间的接合处亦被视为表面的一部分。 3.6.3 过电压 overvoltage 峰值大于在正常运行下最大稳态电压的相应峰值的任何电压。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.7定义] 3.6.4 暂时过电压temporary overvoltage 持续相对长时间(数秒钟)的工频过电压。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.7.1定义] 3.6.5 瞬态过电压transient overvoltage 持续时间为几毫秒或更短的、并通常具有高阻尼振荡或非振荡的短时过电压。 [GB/T 2900.57—2008，604-03-13] 3.6.6 工频耐受电压power-frequency withstand voltage 在规定的试验条件下，不引起击穿的工频正弦电压有效值。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.56定义] 注：在GB/T 16935.1中工频耐受电压与短时暂时过电压等同。 3.6.7 冲击耐受电压impulse withstand voltage 在规定的条件下，不造成绝缘击穿，具有一定形状和极性的冲击电压最高峰值。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.8.1定义] 3.6.8 污染pollution 使绝缘的介电强度和表面电阻率下降的任何固体的、液体的或气体的外来物质的增加。 [修改后的GB/T 16935.1—2008，3.11定义] 3.6.9 污染等级(环境条件的)pollution degree(of environmental conditions) 根据导电的或吸湿的尘埃，游离气体或盐类和相对湿度的大小及由于吸湿或凝露导致表面介电强度和/或电阻率下降事件发生的频度而对环境条件作出的分级。 注1：器件和元件的绝缘材料所处的污染等级可能不同于器件和元件所处的宏观环境的污染等级。因为外壳或内部加热提供了防止吸湿或凝露的保护。 注2：本部分中的污染等级系指微观环境中的污染等级。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.58定义] 3.6.10 微观环境(电气间隙或爬电距离的) micro-environment(of a clearance or creepage distance) 特别会影响确定爬电距离尺寸的绝缘附近的环境。 注：是由电气间隙或爬电距离的微观环境确定对绝缘的影响，而不是由成套设备或元件的环境确定其影响。微观环境可以好于成套设备或元件所处的环境，也可以比它差。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.12.2定义] 3.6.11 过电压类别(电路或电气系统中的)overvoltage category(of a circuit or within an dectrical system) 根据限定(或控制)电路中(或在具有不同标称电压的电气系统中)产生的预期瞬态过电压和为限制过电压而采用的有关方法为基础而确定的分类。 注：在一个电气系统中，根据接口的要求，通过采用适当方法可以从一个过电压类别向一个较低的过电压类别转换，例如采用过电压保护器件或吸能、消耗或转换浪涌电流能量的串并联阻抗，把瞬时过电压降低到预期的较低过电压类别。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.60定义] 3.6.12 浪涌抑制器surge arrester 浪涌保护器件surge protective device；SPD 保护电器免受较高的瞬态过电压，并能限制持续电流的持续时间和幅值的一种器件。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.2.22定义] 3.6.13 绝缘配合 insulation co-ordination 电气设备的绝缘特性的相互关系，一方面与预期过电压和过压保护器件的特性有关，另一方面与预期的微观环境和污染防护方式有关。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，修改后的2.5.61定义] 3.6.14 非均匀电场inhomogeneous(non-uniform)field 电极之间的电压梯度不恒定的电场。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.63定义] 3.6.15 电痕化tracking 固态绝缘材料表面在电场和电解液的联合作用下逐渐形成导电通路的过程。 [IEC 60947-1：2007，2.5.64定义] 3.6.16 相比电痕化指数CTI comparative tracking index CTI 材料能经受住50滴规定的试验溶液而不出现电痕化的最大电压值，单位用伏表示。 注：每个试验电压值和CTI值应是25的倍数。 [修改后的IEC 60947-1：2007中的2.5.65定义] 3.6.17 击穿放电disruptive discharge 在电应力作用下，放电几乎完全穿透了试验的绝缘体，导致电极间的电压降为零或接近于零的一种绝缘损坏的现象。 注1：固体绝缘体上的击穿放电会导致永久性的绝缘强度降低，在液体或气体绝缘体上绝缘强度的降低可仅仅是暂时性的。 注2：“击穿跳火”用来表示在气体或液体绝缘体上发生的击穿放电。 注3：“闪络”用来表示在气体或液体介质绝缘体表面上发生的击穿放电。 注4：“击穿”用来表示击穿放电穿透固体绝缘体的情况。 3.7 电击防护 3.7.1 带电部分live part 正常运行中带电的导体或可导电部分，包括中性导体，但按惯例不包括PEN导体。 注：本概念不意味着有电击危险。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-02-19] 3.7.2 危险带电部分hazardous live part 在某些条件下能造成伤害性电击的带电部分。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-06-05] 3.7.3 外露可导电部分exposed conductive part 成套设备上能触及到的可导电部分，它在正常状况下不带电，但在故障情况下可能成为危险带电部分。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，修改后的826-12-10] 3.7.4 保护导体(标识：PE)protective conductor(identification：PE) 以安全为目的而提供的导体，例如电击防护。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-13-22] 注：例如保护导体能与下列部件进行电气连接： ——外露可导电部分； ——外界可导电部分； ——主接地端子； ——接地极； ——电源的接地点或人为的中性接点。 3.7.5 中性导体N neutral conductor N 电气上与中性点连接，并能参与分配电能的导体。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-02-06] 3.7.6 保护中性导体PEN conductor 兼有保护接地导体和中性导体功能的导体。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-02-12] 3.7.7 故障电流 fault current 由于绝缘损坏、跨接绝缘或电路错误连接所产生的电流。 3.7.8 基本防护 basic protection 在无故障条件下的电击防护。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，195-06-01] 注：基本防护用来防止触及带电部分，一般是指防止直接接触。 3.7.9 基本绝缘 basic insulation 能够提供基本防护的危险带电部分上的绝缘。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008.195-06-06] 注：本概念不适用于仅用作功能性目的的绝缘。 3.7.10 故障防护 fault protection 单一故障(例如基本绝缘损坏)条件下的电击防护。 [GB/T 2900.73—2008，修改后的195-06-02] 注：故障防护一般是指防止间接接触，主要与基本绝缘损坏有关。 3.7.11 特低电压 extra-low voltage；ELV 不超过IEC 61201规定的有关电压限值的任何电压。 3.7.12 熟练技术人员skilled person 具有相应教育和经验，能察觉和避免由于电引起危害的人员。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-01] 3.7.13 受过培训的人员instructed person 由熟练技术人员充分指导或监督的，能察觉和避免由于电引起危害的人员。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-02] 3.7.14 一般人员 ordinary person 既不是熟练技术人员，也不是受过培训的人员。 [GB/T 2900.71—2008，826-18-03] 3.7.15 授权人员 authorized person 被授权完成指定工作的熟练技术人员或受过培训的人员。 3.8特性 3.8.1 标称值 nominal value 用以标志和识别一个元件、器件、设备或系统的量值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-09] 注：标称值一般是一个修约值。 3.8.2 限值limiting value 在元件、器件、设备或系统的规范中一个量的最大或最小允许值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-10] 3.8.3 额定值 rated value 为元件、器件、设备或系统规定的运行条件所制定的用于规范目的的量值。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-08] 3.8.4 额定数据rating 额定值与运行条件的组合。 [GB/T 2900.83—2008，151-16-11] 3.8.5 标称电压(电气系统的) nominal voltage(of an electrical system) 用以标志或识别电气系统电压的近似值。 [GB/T 2900.50—2008，修改后的601-01-21] 3.8.6 短路电流 short-circuit current Ic 由于电路中的故障或错误连接引起的短路所产生的过电流。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-11-07] 3.8.7 预期短路电流prospective short-circuit current Icp 在尽可能接近成套设备电源端，用一根阻抗可以忽略不计的导体使电路的供电导体短路时流过的电流的有效值(见10.11.5.4)。 3.8.8 截断电流cut-off current 允通电流let-through current 开关电器或熔断器在分断动作中达到的最大瞬时电流值。 注：当电路电流尚未达到预期电流峰值情况下，开关电器或熔断器分断时这一概念尤其重要。 [IEC 60050-441：1984，441-17-12] 3.8.9 电压额定数据voltage ratings 3.8.9.1 额定电压rated voltage Un 成套设备制造商宣称成套设备预定连接的主电路交流电压(有效值)或直流电压的电气系统最大标称值。 注1：对于多相电路，系指相间电压。 注2：不考虑瞬态电压。 注3：由于系统允差，电源电压值可以超过额定电压。 3.8.9.2 额定工作电压(成套设备中一条电路的) rated operational voltage(of a circuit of an ASSEMBLY) Ue 成套设备制造商宣称的与额定电流共同确定设备使用的电压值。 注：对于多相电路，系指相间电压。 3.8.9.3 额定绝缘电压 rated insulation voltage Ui 成套设备制造商对设备或其部件规定的耐受电压有效值，以表征其绝缘规定的(长期)耐受能力。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.9.1定义] 注1：对于多相电路，系指相间电压。 注2：额定绝缘电压不一定等于设备的额定工作电压，额定工作电压主要与功能特性有关。 3.8.9.4 额定冲击耐受电压rated impulse withstand voltage Uimp 成套设备制造商宣称的冲击耐受电压值，以表征其绝缘规定的耐受瞬时过电压的能力。 [GB/T 16935.1—2008，修改后的3.9.2定义] 3.8.10 电流额定数据current ratings 3.8.10.1 额定电流 rated current In 成套设备制造商宣称的电流值，在规定的条件下通以此电流，成套设备各部件的温升不超过规定的限值。 注：成套设备的额定电流(InA)见5.3.1，一条电路的额定电流(Inc)见5.3.2。 3.8.10.2 额定峰值耐受电流rated peak withstand current Ipk 成套设备制造商宣称的在规定条件下能够承受的短路电流峰值。 3.8.10.3 额定短时耐受电流rated short—time withstand current Icw 成套设备制造商宣称的，在规定条件下，用电流和时间定义的能够耐受的短时电流有效值。 3.8.10.4 额定限制短路电流 rated conditional short-circuit current Icc 成套设备制造商宣称的在规定条件下在短路保护电器(SCPD)全部动作时间内(断开时间)能够承受的预期短路电流值。 注：短路保护电器可以与成套设备是一体的，也可以是单独的。 3.8.11 额定分散系数rated diversity factor；RDF 成套设备制造商根据发热的相互影响给出的成套设备出线电路可以持续并同时承载的额定电流的标幺值。 3.8.12 额定频率rated frequency fn 成套设备制造商宣称的频率值，它与所设计的电路和工作条件有关。 注：一条电路可指定几个额定频率或额定频率范围，或可用于交流和直流。 3.8.13 电磁兼容性electromagnetic compatibility；EMC 注：有关EMC的相关术语和定义见附录J的J.3.8.13.1～J.3.8.13.5。 3.9验证 3.9.1 设计验证design verification 在成套设备的样机或其部件上进行的用以证实设计满足相应成套设备标准要求的验证。 注：设计验证可以包含一个或几个等效方式，见3.9.1.1、3.9.1.2和3.9.1.3。 3.9.1.1 验证试验verification test 在成套设备的样机或其部件上进行试验以验证设计满足相关的成套设备标准的要求。 注：验证试验等效于型式试验。 3.9.1.2 验证比较verification comparison 成套设备或成套设备部件的建议设计与已由试验验证的基准设计的结构相比较。 3.9.1.3 验证评估 verification assessment 对严格地按设计准则或计算的成套设备的样机或其部件进行设计验证，以表明设计能满足相关成套设备标准的要求。 3.9.2 例行检验 routine verification 对每一台成套设备在制造过程中和/或组装后进行的检验，以确认是否满足相关成套设备标准的要求。 3.10制造商/用户 3.10.1 初始制造商original manufacturer 进行初始设计并按照相关成套设备标准对成套设备进行相关验证的组织。 3.10.2 成套设备制造商ASSEMBLY manufacturer 对整个成套设备负有责任的组织。 注：成套设备制造商和初始制造商可以是不同的组织。 3.10.3 用户 user 规定、购买、使用和/或操作成套设备的参与者，或由其他人代其执行。 4符号和缩略语 下面将带有符号和缩略语的术语及其首次使用的条款，按字母顺序列表如下： 符号/缩略语 术语 章条编号 CTI 相比电痕化指数 3.6.16 ELV 特低电压 3.7.11 EMC 电磁兼容性 3.8.13 fn 额定频率 3.8.12 Ic 短路电流 3.8.6 Icc 额定限制短路电流 3.8.10.4 Icp 预期短路电流 3.8.7 Icw 额定短时耐受电流 3.8.10.3 InA 成套设备额定电流 5.3.1 Inc 一条电路的额定电流 5.3.2 Ipk 额定峰值耐受电流 3.8.10.2 N 中性导体 3.7.5 表(续) 符号/缩略语 术语 章条编号 PE 保护导体 3.7.4 PEN 保护中性导体 3.7.6 RDF 额定分散系数 3.8.11 SCPD 短路保护电器 3.1.11 SPD 浪涌保护器件 3.6.12 Ue 额定工作电压 3.8.9.2 Ui 额定绝缘电压 3.8.9.3 Uimp 额定冲击耐受电压 3.8.9.4 Un 额定电压 3.8.9.1 5接口特性 5.1 通则 成套设备的特性应保证所连接电路的额定值与安装条件相适应，而且成套设备制造商应按5.2～5.6的准则对成套设备进行说明。 5.2 电压额定数据 5.2.1 额定电压(Un)(成套设备的) 额定电压应至少等于电气系统的标称电压。 5.2.2额定工作电压(Ue)(成套设备中的一条电路的) 任何电路的额定工作电压应不小于其所连接的电气系统的标称电压。 如果一条电路的额定工作电压与成套设备的额定电压不同，则应说明适合电路的额定工作电压。 5.2.3额定绝缘电压(Ui)(成套设备中的一条电路的) 成套设备中一条电路的额定绝缘电压是介电试验电压和爬电距离参照的电压值。 一条电路中的额定绝缘电压应等于或高于该条电路中规定的额定电压Un和额定工作电压Ue。 注：对于IT系统的单相电路(参见IEC 60364-5-52)，额定绝缘电压至少等于电源的相间电压。 5.2.4额定冲击耐受电压(Uimp)(成套设备的) 额定冲击耐受电压应等于或高于该电路预定连接的系统中出现的瞬态过电压的规定值。 注：额定冲击耐受电压的优选值在附录G中的表G.1中给出。 5.3电流额定数据 5.3.1成套设备的额定电流(InA) 成套设备的额定电流应为下列所述情况的电流较小者： ——成套设备内所有并联运行的进线电路的额定电流总和； ——特殊布置的成套设备中主母线能够分配的总电流。 通此电流时，各部件的温升均不能超过9.2中规定的限值。 注1：进线电路的额定电流可低于安装在成套设备内的(符合各自器件标准的)进线器件的额定电流。 注2：就此而论主母线是指在运行中正常连接的单个母线或单个母线的组合体，例如使用母线连接器。 注3：成套设备额定电流是成套设备可以分配的且不会因为增加更多出线单元而超出的最大允许负载电流。 5.3.2一条电路的额定电流(Inc) 一条电路的额定电流是该电路在正常工作条件下能够单独承载的电流值。成套设备的各部分在承载该电流时的温升应不超过9.2中规定的限值。 注1：该条电路的额定电流可低于安装在这条电路中的器件(根据各自的器件标准)的额定电流。 注2：由于确定额定电流的因素复杂，因此无法给出标准值。 5.3.3额定峰值耐受电流(Ipk) 额定峰值耐受电流应等于或大于电路预定连接的电源系统的预期短路电流峰值(见9.3.3)。 5.3.4额定短时耐受电流(Icw)(成套设备中的一条电路的) 额定短时耐受电流应等于或大于连接到电源每一点上的预期短路电流(Icp)的有效值(见3.8.10.3)。 成套设备不同的Icw值对应不同的持续时间(例如0.2 s、1 s、3 s)。 对于交流，此电流值是交流分量的有效值。 5.3.5成套设备的额定限制短路电流(Icc) 额定限制短路电流应等于或大于保护成套设备的短路保护电器在动作时间内所能承受的预期短路电流的有效值(Icp)。 成套设备制造商应声明指定的短路保护电器的分断能力和电流极限特性(I2t，Ipk)，并考虑器件制造商给出的数据。 5.4额定分散系数(RDF) 额定分散系数是由成套设备制造商根据发热的相互影响给出的成套设备的出线电路可以持续并同时承载的额定电流的标幺值。 标示的额定分散系数能用于： · 电路组； · 整个成套设备。 额定分散系数乘以电路的额定电流应等于或大于出线电路的计算负荷。出线电路的计算负荷应在相关成套设备标准中给出。 注1：出线电路的计算负荷可以是稳定持续电流或可变电流的热等效值(见附录E)。 额定分散系数适用于在额定电流(InA)下运行的成套设备。 注2：额定分散系数可识别出多个功能单元在实际中不能同时满负荷或断续地承载负荷。 更详细的资料见附录E。