GNSS for operating vehicles — Technical specification for vehicle terminals
(JT/T 794-2019)
Professional Standard Amendment 1
Add the item a) “Signal receiving: It can at least receive B1I or B1C signals of BeiDou navigation satellite system;” in the subclause 6.2 "Satellite positioning module". The original items a) ~ e) are adjusted to b) ~ f) respectively. After the amendment, the contents of 6.2 "Satellite positioning module" are as follows:
The satellite positioning module shall meet the following technical requirements:
a) Signal receiving: It can at least receive B1I or B1C signals of BeiDou navigation satellite system;
b) Number of satellite signal receiving channels: Not less than 12;
c) Sensitivity: Higher than -130 dBm;
d) Positioning accuracy: The horizontal positioning accuracy is not more than 15 m, the elevation positioning accuracy is not more than 30 m, and the velocity positioning accuracy is not more than 2 m/s; Differential positioning accuracy (optional) is not more than 1 m;
e) Minimum location update rate: 1 Hz;
f) Hot start: The capture duration shall not exceed 10 s.
Foreword
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces JT/T 794-2011 GNSS for operating vehicles — Technical specification for vehicle terminals. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to JT/T 794-2011:
——The definitions of start time of travelling, effective parking and cumulative driving time have been added (see 3.1.3, 3.1.4 and 3.1.6);
——The definition of single continuous driving time has been modified (see 3.1.5 herein and 3.1.3 in 2011 edition);
——The terminal IMEI number has been added (see 4.3);
——The protection requirements for trailer terminal have been added, (see 4.6);
——The requirements for self-test frequency have been added (see 5.1);
——The function of BeiDou positioning has been added (see 5.2.1);
——TD-LTE, FDD-LTE and LTE-V2X communication modes have been added (see 5.3.1);
——The requirements for encrypted transmission have been added (see 5.3.2);
——The requirements for driver's identity have been modified (see 5.4.1 herein and 5.4.1 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for taxi operation data acquisition have been deleted (5.4.5 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for travelling data record have been modified (see 5.5 herein and 5.5 in 2011 edition);
——The information acquisition requirements for electronic travel permit have been modified and the requirements for data transmission encryption have been added (see 5.4.2 herein and 5.4.2 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for image information have been modified and the requirements for highest resolution have been added (see 5.4.6 herein and 5.4.7 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for audio information have been deleted (5.4.8 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for video information have been modified and the requirements for highest resolution and video frame rate have been added (see 5.4.7 herein and 5.4.9 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for vehicle state information acquisition have been added (see 5.4.8);
——The monitoring requirements have been modified, and the requirements for monitoring through data link and storing the monitoring data locally have been added (see 5.6 herein and 5.6 in 2011 edition);
——The call requirements have been modified, and the call function through data link have been added (see 5.7 herein and 5.7 in 2011 edition);
——The time requirement for entering sleep state after the engine shutdown and the sleep requirement of trailer terminals have been added, and the requirements for vehicle start-up and ignition detection function and the average power requirement of terminals in sleep have been modified (see 5.8);
——The reminders about restricted period, antenna disconnection, tyre pressure abnormality, collision, rollover, unsafe driving behavior and right-turning blind zone abnormality have been added (see 5.9);
——The terminal management requirements have been modified, and the requirements for data transmission encryption have been added (see 5.10 herein and 5.10 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for calling service have been deleted (5.13 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for multi-centre access have been modified, as well as requirements for domain name access mode (see 5.13 herein and 5.14 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for automatic shutdown of communication and ETC function have been added (see 5.14 and 5.15);
——The requirements for power-off protection performance have been deleted (see 6.6.2 in 2011 edition);
——The adaptability to mechanical environment has been modified (see 6.5.2 herein and 6.5.2 in 2011 edition);
——The transient immunity requirements have been deleted (6.6.2 in 2011 edition);
——The requirements for transient conducted immunity along the power line have been added (see 6.6.2);
——The requirements for immunity to disturbances from electrical transient transmission by coupling have been added (see 6.6.3);
——The requirements for vehicle ignition resistance have been deleted (6.7 in 2011 edition);
——The installation requirements of the terminal host have been modified, and it has been made clear that the vehicle speed signal input of the terminal shall be taken from the pulse signal of the vehicle speed sensor, and the brake signal input from the brake switch quantity signal (see 7.2);
——The inspection rules have been added (see Clause 8);
——Table A.1 "Basic functional requirements of various transport vehicle terminals" in Annex A has been modified (see Annex A hereto and Annex A to 2011 edition).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Road Transport of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 521).
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——JT/T 794-2011.
GNSS for operating vehicles —
Technical specification for vehicle terminals
1 Scope
This standard specifies the general requirements, functions, performance and installation requirements and inspection rules for the vehicle terminals of GNSS for operating vehicles.
This standard is applicable to the vehicle terminals on-board in GNSS for operating vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated reference, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendment) applies.
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 19056 Vehicle travelling data recorder
GB/T 19951-2005 Road vehicles — Test methods for electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge
GB/T 21437.2-2008 Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling — Part 2: Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only
GB/T 21437.3-2012 Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling — Part 3: Electrical transient transmission by capacitive and inductive coupling via lines other than supply lines
GB/T 28046.1 Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment — Part 1: General
GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment — Part 3: Mechanical loads
JT/T 617.5 Regulations concerning road transportation of dangerous goods — Part 5: Consignment
JT/T 766-2009 Technical requirements for shipborne monitoring equipment of BeiDou navigation satellite system
JT/T 825 IC card license for road transportation
QC/T 1067.1 Connector used in automobile wire harness and electrical device — Part 1: Definition, test method and requirement
GB/T 31465.3 Road vehicles — Fuse-link — Part 3: Fuse-link with blade type
QC/T 414 Design rule of color and type code for automotive cables
YD/T 1050 Test Specification for 800 MHz CDMA Digital Celluar Mobile Telecommunication Network: Terminal Part
YD/T 1214 Technical requirement of 900/1800MHz TDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Telecommunication Network General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Equipment: Mobile Stations
YD/T 1367 Technical requirements for user equipment of 2GHzTD-SCDMA digital cellular mobile communication network
YD/T 1547 Technical requirements for 2GHz WCDMA digital cellular mobile communication network user equipment (Phase 3)
YD/T 1558 Technical Requirements of mobile station for 800MHz/2GHz cdma2000 digital cellular mobile telecommunication network
YD/T 2575 Technical requirements for user equipment of TD-LTE digital cellular mobile telecommunications network (Phase 1)
YD/T 2577 Technical requirements for user equipment of LTE-FDD digital cellular mobile telecommunications network (Phase 1)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
firmware
embedded software running in the terminal microprocessor
3.1.2
electronic travel permit
electronic data including vehicle, passenger and cargo information
3.1.3
start time of travelling
time that the state of vehicle changes from stationary to travelling (at a speed of more than 0 km/h for more than 10 s)
3.1.4
effective parking
action during which the state of vehicle changes from stationary to travelling (at a speed of 0 km/h) for at least 20 min
3.1.5
single continuous driving time
duration from the start time of the travelling till the start time of effective parking for the same driver
3.1.6
cumulative driving time
sum of single continuous driving time of the same driver within 24 h
3.1.7
monitoring centre
software platform for monitoring vehicle road transport
3.1.8
sleep
special state that the terminal remains in contact with the monitoring centre after the vehicle stalls
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
CAN——Controller Area Network
IMEI——International Mobile Equipment Identity
GSM——Global System for Mobile Communication
CDMA——Code Division Multiple Access
TD-SCDMA——Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
WCDMA——Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
CDMA2000——Code Division Multiple Access 2000
TD-LTE——Time Division-Long Term Evolution
FDD-LTE——Frequency Division Duplexing-Long Term Evolution
LTE-V2X——Long Term Evolution-Vehicle to Everything
JPEG——Joint Photographic Experts Group
ETC——Electronic Toll Collection
4 General requirements
4.1 Composition of vehicle terminal
4.1.1 Host
The host of vehicle terminal [hereinafter referred to as the "terminal"] shall include microprocessor, data memory (capacity: not less than 8 GB), satellite positioning module, vehicle state information acquisition module, wireless communication module, real-time clock, data acquisition interface, which may include display, printer and card reader. If the terminal has display, printer, card reader which are not included in the host, they can be listed as accessory devices, but the host shall maintain corresponding interfaces.
4.1.2 Accessory device
External devices shall include satellite positioning antenna, wireless communication antenna, emergency alarm button and voice broadcasting device. According to the basic functional requirements of different categories of vehicles in Annex A, such devices include communication devices, operation keys, card readers, printers, displays, vehicle operation status information display, information release and other devices, as well as information acquisition devices for images, videos, audio, driver's identity, electronic travel permit, logistics, operation, toll settlement and service evaluation, etc.
4.2 Appearance
The appearance of terminals shall be free of rust, rust spots, cracks, fading, stains, deformation, peeling of plating and coating, obvious scratches or burrs; the plastic parts shall be free of blistering, cracking or deformation; the structural parts and control components shall be complete and free from mechanical damage.
4.3 Nameplate
Terminals shall have a nameplate with clear and durable markings. The nameplate shall be mounted in an obvious position on the outer surface of the host, and the size of the nameplate shall be suitable for the structural size of the host.
The nameplate shall bear the following information:
a) product name, specification and model;
b) name and trademark of terminal manufacturer;
c) end of-manufacturing date and number;
d) implementation standard reference to terminals;
e) terminal IMEI No.
4.4 Characters, graphics and markings
The terminals shall be provided with instructions for use. The buttons, interfaces and other parts of the panel shall be provided with characters, graphics and other markings, and meet the following requirements:
a) Durable and eye-catching;
b) The characters in the instructions for use, nameplates and markings shall be in Chinese, which may be accompanied with other languages as necessary. In that case, make sure Chinese characters are on the top or left side of other languages.
4.5 Material
The material shall meet the requirements of non-toxicity and non-radioactivity.
4.6 Casing protection
When the host does not contain display, printer or card reader, the casing shall be protected as required by IP53 in GB/T 4208; when the host includes display, printer, card reader and other devices or one of them, the casing shall be protected as required by IP43 in GB/T 4208; the casing of trailer terminals shall be protected as required by IP67 in GB/T 4208.
5 Functional requirements
5.1 Self-test
The terminals shall have self-test function, and shall be able to clearly indicate its current main state through signal lamp or display screen, including the working state of satellite positioning and communication modules, the state of main power supply, the state of satellite positioning antenna, and the state of other devices connected with the terminal host. The terminal shall be able to perform self-test at the preset frequency, which should be set by the monitoring centre. In case of failure, information such as failure types shall be indicated by signal lamp or display screen, stored and uploaded to the monitoring centre.
5.2 Positioning
5.2.1 Positioning function
The positioning function of terminals includes the followings:
a) The terminals shall be able to provide real-time positioning status information such as time, longitude, latitude, speed, elevation and direction, which can be stored inside the terminals and uploaded to the monitoring centre through wireless communication, with the differential positioning function optional;
b) The terminals that support multiple satellite positioning modes shall be able to upload the current positioning mode and support positioning based on the satellite positioning mode designated by the monitoring centre;
c) The terminal shall be able to store not less than 10,000 pieces of positioning data in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) mode when communication is interrupted (in blind zone), and upload the stored positioning data after communication is resumed, if needed, in a compressed mode;
d) The terminals shall support uploading positioning data at an interval of time or distance, or in external event triggering mode. When the terminal is in sleep state, the terminal shall also upload positioning data at a certain interval of time or distance that may be set by the monitoring centre;
e) The terminals using BeiDou satellite positioning shall have BeiDou satellite information collection function, and shall store and report BeiDou positioning results and detailed positioning data of satellite positioning module to the monitoring centre, which should at least include signal-to-noise ratio and effective number of satellites;
f) The terminals using BeiDou satellite positioning shall be able to respond to two instructions issued by the monitoring centre, i.e. adding BeiDou information acquisition area and deleting BeiDou information acquisition area;
g) The terminals using BeiDou satellite positioning shall be able to store at least 24 rectangular areas for satellite information acquisition issued by monitoring centre. When the vehicle enters a certain rectangular area, the function of satellite signal acquisition is automatically started and uploaded at a specified frequency, and the acquisition and uploading are automatically stopped when it leaves the area;
h) The terminals using BeiDou satellite positioning shall be able to store or upload detailed positioning data such as current positioning mode and satellite signal coverage status information to the monitoring centre based on the parameter settings specified by the monitoring centre. The terminals can store at least 2,000 pieces of detailed positioning data. If the stored data exceeds the maximum capacity, the first stored data shall be discarded in temporal sequence;
i) Online upgrade and local upgrade functions of BeiDou and other GNSS satellite dual-mode positioning modules shall be supported.
5.2.2 Technical requirements for positioning
The positioning function of terminals shall meet the following technical requirements:
a) Submission at regular time interval: In the travelling state, the minimum time interval of submission is not more than 5 s, and the maximum time interval is not more than 30 s;
b) Submission at regular distance interval: In the travelling state, the minimum distance interval of submission is not more than 100 m, and the maximum distance interval is not more than 500 m;
c) Submission at regular time and distance interval: In the travelling state, the terminal can submit positioning data at the time and distance interval set by the monitoring centre;
d) Real-time positioning: The period is not more than 10 s from the terminal receiving the real-time positioning request from the monitoring centre till the terminal responding;
e) Accuracy of recording time: The permissible error of cumulative time within 24 h is within ±5 s.
5.3 Communication
5.3.1 Communication mode
The terminals shall support general CSM or CDMA mode, and can support communication modes based on TD-SCDMA, WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-LTE, FDD-LTE, LTE-V2X and other wireless communication networks and the transmission mechanism of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) as required. When the wireless network where the vehicle is located supports packet data transmission, the terminal shall give priority to the packet data transmission mode; otherwise, it may switch to short message mode to transmit data. When the wireless communication network cannot be connected, BeiDou communication mode may be used as needed.
5.3.2 Communication requirements
The communication requirements for terminals shall include the followings:
a) The terminals shall support at least two remote connections, namely, the connection between the main monitoring centre and the backup monitoring centre, and shall automatically switch to the backup monitoring centre when the communication with the main monitoring centre is interrupted;
b) If the terminals are unable to access the local wireless network, the data shall be stored in a FIFO mode and transmitted together until registering to the wireless network;
c) The terminals shall support the functions of receiving and sending data in batches and continuous transmission of breakpoints;
d) Encryption measures should be taken for communication between terminal and monitoring centre.
5.4 Information acquisition
5.4.1 Driver’s identity
The driver identification device of the terminal shall meet the requirements of JT/T 825, and support acquiring the qualification certificate information through remote authentication after encryption and uploading it to the monitoring centre.
The terminals shall be able to automatically detect the action of replacing the driver's IC card qualification certificate, and realize the corresponding driver identification function.
5.4.2 Electronic travel permit
The electronic travel permit for dangerous goods transport shall meet the requirements of JT/T 617.5, and the terminals shall be able to receive the electronic travel permit information sent to the terminals by the dangerous goods transport enterprise through encryption or digital identity authentication.
5.4.3 Vehicle CAN bus data
A terminal shall have two built-in CAN bus communication interfaces, and acquire information on vehicle running state through CAN bus.
5.4.4 Vehicle loading state
The terminals can be provided with the interface of vehicle loading state detection device; alternatively, the vehicle loading state can be determined by manual input and uploaded to the monitoring centre.
5.4.5 Toll settlement data
The terminal can be provided with an interface of toll settlement data acquisition device, which supports acquiring toll settlement information and uploading it to the monitoring centre.
5.4.6 Image information
The terminals can be provided with the functions of image information acquisition and storage; support the functions of image information acquisition, storage, uploading, retrieval & uploading through the control of monitoring centre, timing and event triggering; and support the export of image information through USB interface. Image information acquisition shall meet the following requirements:
a) It supports at least two cameras;
b) The cameras support infrared light supplement;
c) It sets at least two imaging resolutions, with the highest resolution of not less than 720P and the lowest of not less than D1;
d) The minimum acquisition interval is 5 s;
e) The current date and time can be displayed in the image (24-hour time system) in the format of yyyy-mm-dd hh: mm: ss;
f) It supports the storage of images in JPEG format at least;
g) It stores at least 2,000 images in a FIFO mode;
h) It supports marking the image data, which shall not be overwritten.
5.4.7 Video information
The terminals can be provided with the functions of video information acquisition and storage; support the functions of image information acquisition, compression, storage, uploading, retrieval & uploading through the control of monitoring centre and event triggering; support the real-time uploading of video data; and support the export of video data through local data interface. Video information acquisition shall meet the following requirements:
a) Support at least two cameras;
b) It can set at least two imaging resolutions, with the highest resolution of not less than 720P;
c) The frame rate of locally stored video is not less than 25 FPS, and the frame rate of uploaded video is not less than 15 FPS;
d) The current date and time can be displayed in the video (24-hour time system) in the format of yyyy-mm-dd hh: mm: ss;
e) The video acquisition coding format is H.264 or H.265;
f) It can store at least 48 h of video data;
g) It supports marking the video data, which shall not be overwritten.
5.4.8 Vehicle state information
The terminal shall support acquiring information such as switch quantity and analog quantity of the vehicle, including braking, left steering, right steering, passing beam and driving beam. At least 5 switch quantities and 2 analog quantities shall be acquired, and the acquired information shall be uploaded to the monitoring centre together with the positioning data.
5.5 Travelling data record
The terminals shall have the function of automobile travelling data record, and provide data analysis software, which supports the functions of real-time uploading of travelling data record, conditional retrieval uploading and data interface export. The data analysis software, function of terminal travelling data record and storage performance shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19056.
5.6 Monitoring
The terminals may have the function of monitoring through the circuit domain or data link, and the speaker shall be turned off when monitoring. When monitoring through the circuit domain, the following requirements shall be met:
a) After the monitoring centre sends the monitoring instruction, the terminals automatically dial the monitoring number carried by the monitoring instruction to enter the monitoring state;
b) Save data to be uploaded during monitoring and upload it after monitoring;
c) In the case of manual alarm, terminals without image, audio and video acquisition functions automatically dial a preset monitoring number to enter the monitoring state;
d) When the terminals dial the monitoring number, dial another three times at an interval of 30 s, in the case of not getting through for the first time.
5.7 Calls
The terminals can provide calls through circuit domain or data link, including call restriction, voice storage, telephone directory management, telephone callback, volume adjustment, and automatic off-hook of incoming calls. The function of terminal call shall meet the following requirements:
a) The data to be uploaded shall be saved for a call through circuit domain, and uploaded after the call is ended;
b) The terminal telephone directory shall be provided with a storage capacity of not less than 20 contacts;
c) The terminal may be set by the monitoring centre to allow only incoming calls and only outgoing calls.
5.8 Sleep
The terminal shall be provided with the function of vehicle start-up detection (except trailer terminals). One hour after the vehicle stalled, the terminal sends a terminal sleep signal to the monitoring centre, enters the sleep state, and ends the sleep state after the next start-up. The terminal in sleeping shall meet the following requirements:
a) Turn off other unnecessary devices except the wireless communication module, and automatically wake the satellite positioning module when uploading is required;
b) The data upload frequency may be remotely set by the monitoring centre or automatically and continuously reduced according to the parameters set during initialization;
c) After the battery undervoltage alarm, the terminal turns to the built-in standby battery for power supply, and automatically powers off when the built-in standby battery is run out;
d) The average power of the terminal during the sleep period does not exceed 1.5 W.
5.9 Warning
5.9.1 General requirements
When the terminal triggers the warning, it shall immediately upload the warning information to the monitoring centre or send the short message about warning information to the designated mobile phone as needed, and can receive the instruction from the monitoring centre to cancel the warning. The warning mobile phone number may be set remotely by the monitoring centre. When the monitoring centre sends instructions to the terminal based on the vehicle position, state information or safety supervision needs uploaded by the vehicle, the terminal shall prompt the driver about the warning information by voice broadcasting, which may be combined with sound, light and text. Terminal warning function includes two parts, manual alarm and automatic reminder.
5.9.2 Manual alarm
Manual alarm is triggered by the driver according to the actual situation on site. When encountering emergency including robbery, traffic accident and vehicle breakdown, the driver uploads alarm information to the monitoring centre by touching the emergency alarm button, while turning off the voice broadcasting module. If the terminal is provided with the image and video acquisition function, it shall be enabled immediately. Where there is no mobile communication signal, the terminal with BDS communication function may upload alarm information by sending send short message through the system. Manual alarm shall be provided with the function of preventing misoperation.
5.9.3 Automatic reminder
Automatic reminder means that the driver does not operate the terminal, and it is triggered according to the conditions set by the monitoring centre, including the following functions:
a) Area reminder: There shall not be less than 24 polygonal or circular areas stored in the terminal. And the reminder will be triggered when the vehicle enters or exits the forbidden areas, and the monitoring area may be set remotely by the monitoring centre.
b) Reminder about restricted period: It may be triggered in the terminal according to the preset restricted period or by receiving the information sent by the monitoring centre to warn the driver that he or she is currently driving in the restricted period. The default restricted period is 2:00 am to 5:00 am.
c) Route deviation reminder: There shall not be less than 24 routes stored in the terminal, and each route shall be a broken line covering 16 or more points. It will be triggered when the vehicle deviates from the set route, and the route to be monitored may be set remotely by the monitoring centre.
d) Overspeed reminder: The terminal shall trigger the reminder according to the preset speed threshold or by receiving the information from the monitoring centre.
e) Drowsy driving reminder: It is triggered when the single continuous driving time and cumulative driving time exceed the drowsy driving time threshold, which may be set remotely by the monitoring centre. The default single continuous driving time is 4 h, and the default cumulative driving time is 8 h.
f) Battery under-voltage reminder: It is triggered when the terminal detects that the battery voltage of the vehicle is lower than the preset value. At the same time, the terminal must stop tapping into the power supply from the vehicle battery but turn to the built-in standby battery for power supply.
g) Power-off reminder: It is triggered when the main power supply for the terminal is turned off.
h) Antenna disconnection reminder: It is triggered when the terminal satellite positioning antenna is cut.
i) Overtime parking reminder: It is triggered when the parking time exceeds the preset duration in the system.
j) Terminal fault reminder: It is triggered when the terminal host and the external devices connected with the terminal host work abnormally, and uploaded to the monitoring centre.
k) Tyre pressure abnormality reminder: Communication between the terminal and the vehicle tyre pressure monitoring system is available, and the terminal can receive and upload information about the tyre pressure abnormality reminder.
l) Rollover reminder: It is triggered when the vehicle is rolled over.
m) Collision reminder: It is triggered when there is a collision accident.
n) Unsafe driving behavior reminder: Communication between the terminal and the system of monitoring on driver's unsafe driving behavior is available, and the terminal receives and uploads the reminder information about the driver's unsafe driving behavior, e.g., smoking, speaking on the phone, distraction and dozing off.
o) Right-turning blind zone abnormality reminder: Communication between the terminal and the right-turning blind zone monitoring system is available. When the vehicle turns right, whereas there are pedestrians, non-motor vehicles or other motor vehicles in the right-turning blind zone, the terminal receives and uploads the information.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
4 General requirements
5 Functional requirements
6 Performance requirements
7 Installation requirements
8 Inspection rules
Annex A (Normative) Basic functional requirements of various transport vehicle terminals
道路运输车辆卫星定位系统 车载终端技术要求
1 范围
本标准规定了道路运输车辆卫星定位系统车载终端的一般要求，功能，性能和安装要求，以及检验规则。
本标准适用于道路运输车辆卫星定位系统中安装在车辆上的车载终端设备。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本标准的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB／T 4208 外壳防护等级(IP代码)
GB／T 19056 汽车行驶记录仪
GB／T 19951-2005 道路车辆 静电放电产生的电骚扰试验方法
GB／T 21437.2-2008 道路车辆 由传导和耦合引起的电骚扰 第2部分：沿电源线的电瞬态传导
GB／T 21437.3-2012 道路车辆 由传导和耦合引起的电骚扰 第3部分：除电源线外的导线通过容性和感性耦合的电瞬态发射
GB／T 28046.1 道路车辆 电气及电子设备的环境条件和试验 第1部分：一般规定
GB／T 28046.3-2011 道路车辆 电气及电子设备的环境条件和试验 第3部分：机械负荷
JT／T 617.5 危险货物道路运输规则 第5部分：托运要求
JT／T 766-2009 北斗卫星导航系统船舶监测终端技术要求
JT／T 825 IC卡道路运输证件
QC／T 1067.1 汽车电线束和电气设备用连接器 第1部分：定义、试验方安和一般性能要求
GB／T 31465.3 道路车辆 熔断器 第3部分：片式容断器
QC／T 414 汽车电线(电缆)的颜色规定和型号编制方法
YD／T 1050 800MHzC DMA数字蜂窝移动通信网设备总测试规范：移动台部分
YD／T 1214 900／180OMHzTDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网通用分组无线业务(GPRS) 设备技术要求：移动台
YD／T 1367 2GHzTD-SCDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网终端设备技术要求
YD／T 1547 2GHzWCDMA数字蜂窝移动通信网终端设备技术要求(第三阶段)
YD／T 1558 800MHz／2GHzcdma2000数字蜂窝移动通信网设备技术要求移动台(含机卡一体)
YD／T 2575 TD-LTE数字蜂窝移动通信网终端设备技术要求(第一阶段)
YD／T 2577 LTE FDD数字蜂窝移动通信网终端设备技术要求(第一阶段)
3 术语和定义、缩略语
3.1 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1.1
固件 firmware
运行在终端微处理器中的嵌入式软件。
3.1.2
电子运单 electronic travel permit
包含车辆信息和客货信息等的电子数据。
3.1.3
行驶开始时间 start time of travelling
车辆从静止状态转变为行驶状态(速度大于0km／h且持续10s以上)的时间。
3.1.4
有效停车 effective parking
车辆从行驶状态转变为静止状态(速度等于0km／h)且持续时间不少于20min。
3.1.5
单次连续驾驶时间 single continuous driving time
同一驾驶人从本次行驶开始时间起至有效停车开始时间之间的时间。
3.1.6
累计驾驶时间 cumulative driving time
同一驾驶人24h内单次连续驾驶时间的总和。
3.1.7
监控中心 monitoring centre
对车辆道路运输进行监控的软件平台。
3.1.8
休眠 sleep
车辆熄火后，终端继续保持与监控中心联系的一种特殊状态。
3.2 缩略语
下列缩略语适用于本文件。
CAN——控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network)
IMEI——国际移动设备识别码(International Mobile Equipment Identity)
GSM——全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile Communication)
CDMA——码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access)
TD-SCDMA——时分同步码分多址(Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access)
WCDMA——宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
CDMA2000——码分多址2000(Code Division Multiple Access 2000)
TD-LTE——分时长期演进(Time Division-Long Term Evolution)
FDD-LTE——频分双工长期演进(Frequency Division Duplexing-Long Term Evolution)
LTE-V2X——基于长期演进的车联网通信(Long Term Evolution-Vehicle to Everything)
JPEG——联合图像专家小组(Joint Photographic Experts Group)
ETC——电子不停车收费系统( Electronic Toll Collection)
4 一般要求
4.1 车载终端组成
4.1.1 主机
车载终端(以下简称“终端”)主机应包括微处理器，数据存储器(容量不低于8 GB)、卫星定位模块、车辆状态信息采集模块、无线通信模块、实时时钟、数据采集接口等，可包括显示器、打印机，读卡器。如果终端具有显示器、打印机、读卡器且不包含于主机本体上，则其可列为附属设备，但主机应留有相应接口。
4.1.2 附属设备
外部设备应包括卫星定位天线、无线通信天线、应急报警按钮，语音报读装置。应根据附录A对不同类型车辆的基本功能要求包括通话装置、操作键、读卡器、打印机、显示器、车辆营运状态信息显示、信息发布等设备，以及图像、视频、音频、驾驶员身份、电子运单、物流、营运、收费结算、服务评价等信息的采集设备等。
4.2 外观
终端的外观应无锈蚀、锈斑、裂纹、褪色、污迹、变形、镀涂层脱落，亦无明显划痕、毛刺；塑料件应无起泡、开裂、变形；灌注物应无溢出等现象；结构件与控制组件应完整，无机械损伤。
4.3 铭牌
终端应有清晰耐久的铭牌标志。铭牌应安装在主机外表面的显著位置，铭牌尺寸应与主机结构尺寸相适宜。
铭牌应包括下列内容：
a) 终端名称、规格及型号；
b) 终端制造厂名及商标；
c) 终端出厂年月及编号；
d) 终端执行标准代号；
e) 终端IMEI号。
4.4 文字、图形和标志
终端应有使用说明。面板的按键、接口等部位应有文字、图形等标志，并应满足以下要求：
a) 耐久，醒目；
b) 使用说明、铭牌和标志中的文字应使用中文，根据需要也可以同时使用其他文字，但应保证中文在其他文字的上面或左面。
4.5 材质
应符合无毒害、无放射性的要求。
4.6 机壳防护
当主机不包含显示器、打印机和读卡器时，机壳防护应满足GB／T 4208中IP53的等级要求；当主机包含显示器、打印机、读卡器等设备或其中之一时，机壳防护应满足GB／T 4208中IP43的等级要求；挂车终端机壳防护应满足GB／T 4208中IP67的等级要求。
5 功能要求
5.1 自检
终端应具备自检功能，应能通过信号灯或显示屏明确表示终端当前主要状态，包括卫星定位及通信模块工作状态、主电源状态、卫星定位天线状态，与终端主机相连的其他设备状态等。终端应能以预设的频率进行自检，自检频率宜由监控中心设定。若出现故障，应通过信号灯或显示屏显示方式指示故障类型等信息，存储并上传至监控中心。
5.2 定位
5.2.1 定位功能
终端的定位功能包括以下内容：
a) 终端应能提供实时的时间、经度、纬度、速度、高程和方向等定位状态信息，可存储到终端内部，同时通过无线通信方式上传至监控中心，差分定位功能为可选；
b) 如终端支持多种卫星定位模式，终端应能上传当前采用的定位模式，并支持按监控中心指定的卫星定位模式定位；
c) 终端应能在通信中断时(盲区)以先进先出方式存储不少于10 000条定位信息，在恢复通信后将存储的定位信息补报上传，可根据需要采用压缩方式上传；
d) 终端应支持时间、距离间隔或外部事件触发方式上传定位信息，当终端处于休眠状态时也应以一定时间间隔上传定位信息，且时间和距离的间隔可由监控中心设定；
e) 采用北斗卫星定位的终端应具有北斗卫星信息采集功能，应存储并向监控中心上报北斗定位结果及卫星定位模块详细定位数据，应至少包含信噪比、有效卫星数；
f) 采用北斗卫星定位的终端应能响应监控中心下发的添加北斗信息采集区域和删除北斗信息采集区域两种指令；
g) 采用北斗卫星定位的终端应能存储至少24个监控中心下发的卫星信息采集的矩形区域，当车辆驶入某矩形区域时自动启动卫星信号采集功能并按照指定频率上传，驶出区域时自动停止采集和上传；
h) 采用北斗卫星定位的终端应能按照监控中心指定的参数设置将当前定位模式、卫星信号覆盖状态信息等详细定位数据存储或上传至监控中心。终端能够存储至少2 000条详细定位数据，如果保存数据超过最大容量时，应按时间顺序将最先保存的数据丢弃；
i) 应支持对北斗及其他GNSS卫星双模定位模块的在线升级和本地升级功能。
5.2.2 定位技术要求
终端的定位功能应满足以下技术要求：
a) 定时报送：在行驶状态下，最小报送时间间隔不大于5s，最大报送时间间隔不大于30s；
b) 定距报送：在行驶状态下，最小报送距离不大于100m，最大报送距离不大于500m；
c) 定时定距报送：在行驶状态下，终端可按监控中心设置的时间、距离间隔上报定位数据；
d) 实时定位：从终端收到监控中心下发的实时定位请求到终端应答，时间不大于10s；
e) 记录时间精度：24h 内累计时间允许误差在±5s以内。
5.3 通信
5.3.1 通信方式
终端应支持通用CSM或CDMA模式，可根据需要支持基于TD-SCDMA、WCDMA、CDMA2000、TD-LTE、FDD-LTE、LTE-V2X等多种无线通信网络以及北斗卫星导航系统传输机制下的通信模式。当车辆所在地无线网络支持分组数据传输时，终端应优先选择分组数据传输方式；当所在地不支持分组数据传输时，可切换到短消息方式传送数据；当所在地无线通信网络不通时，可根据需要采用北斗通信方式。
5.3.2 通信要求
终端的通信要求应包括以下内容：
a) 终端应支持至少两个远程连接，即主监控中心和备份监控中心的连接，应在与主监控中心通信中断时自动切换至备份监控中心；
b) 如果终端无法接入到所在地的无线网络时，应将数据以先进先出方式保存，直至注册到无线网络时一并传送；
c) 终端应支持数据批量接收与发送功能、断点续传功能；
d) 终端与监控中心的通信宜采取加密措施。
5.4 信息采集
5.4.1 驾驶员身份
终端的驾驶员身份识别装置应符合JT／T 825的要求，支持加密后通过远程认证的方式采集从业资格证信息并上传至监控中心。
终端应能够自动侦测更换驾驶员IC卡从业资格证动作，并实现相应的驾驶员身份识别功能。
5.4.2 电子运单
危险货物运输电子运单应符合JT／T 617.5的要求，终端应能接收危险货物运输企业采用加密或数字身份认证方式向终端下发的电子运单信息。
5.4.3 车辆CAN总线数据
终端应具有两路内置CAN总线通信接口，通过CAN总线采集车辆运行状态信息。
5.4.4 车辆载运状态
终端可具有车辆载运状态检测装置接口或者通过人工输入方式确定车辆的载运状态，并上传至监控中心。
5.4.5 收费结算数据
终端可具有收费结算数据采集装置接口，支持采集收费结算信息，并上传至监控中心。
5.4.6 图像信息
终端可具有图像信息采集及存储功能，支持监控中心控制、定时和事件触发方式实现图像信息的采集、存储、上传及检索上传功能；支持通过USB接口对图像信息的导出。图像信息采集应满足以下要求：
a) 至少支持两路摄像头；
b) 摄像头支持红外补光；
c) 设置至少两种成像分辨率，最高分辨率不低于720P，最低分辨率不低于D1；
d) 最小采集间隔为5s；
e) 图像中能显示当前的日期与时间(24小时制)，格式为：yyyy-mm-dd hh：mm：ss；
f) 至少支持以JPEG格式存储图像；
g) 以先进先出方式至少存储2 000张图像；
h) 支持对图像数据标记，该类图像不应被覆盖。
5.4.7 视频信息
终端可具有视频信息采集及存储功能，支持监控中心控制和事件触发方式实现视频信息的采集、压缩、存储、上传及检索上传功能；支持视频数据的实时上传；支持通过本地数据接口对视频数据的导出。视频信息采集应满足以下要求：
a) 至少支持两路摄像头；
b) 能设置至少两种成像分辨率，最高分辨率不低于720P；
c) 本地存储视频帧率不低于25FPS，上传视频帧率不低于15FPS；
d) 视频中能显示当前的日期与时间(24小时制)，格式为：yyyy-mm-dd hh：mm：ss；
e) 视频采集编码格式为H.264或H.265；
f) 至少能存储48h的视频数据；
g) 支持对视顿数据标记，该视频数据不应被覆盖。
5.4.8 车辆状态信息
终端应支持采集车辆的开关量和模拟量等信息，包括制动，左转向、右转向，近光、远光等。应采集至少5个开关量和至少2个模拟量，并将采集的信息与定位数据一起上传至监控中心。
5.5 行驶记录
终端应具有汽车行驶记录功能，并提供数据分析软件，支持行驶记录数据的实时上传、条件检索上传和数据接口导出功能。数据分析软件、终端行驶记录功能及存储性能应符合GB／T 19056的要求。
5.6 监听
终端可具有通过电路域或数据链路进行监听的功能，监听时扬声器应处于关闭状态。通过电路域监听时，应满足以下要求：
a) 监控中心下发监听指令后，终端自动拨打监听指令携带的监听号码进入监听状态；
b) 监听时保存需要上传的数据，监听结束后上传；
c) 人工报警时，图像、音频和视频采集功能均不具备的终端自动拨打预先设定的监听号码进入监听状态；
d) 终端拨打监听号码时，在首次未打通情况下，再连续拨打三次，每次间隔30s。
5.7 通话
终端可具有电路域或数据链路通话功能，包括通话限制、语音存储、电话簿管理、电话回拨、音量调节、来电自动摘机。终端通话功能满足以下要求：
a) 采用电路域通话时应将需要上传的数据保存，通话结束后上传；
b) 终端电话簿应具有不少于20名联系人的存储容量；
c) 终端可由监控中心设定只允许呼入号码和只允许呼出号码。
5.8 休眠
终端应具有车辆启动点火检测功能(挂车终端除外)，当车辆熄火1h后终端向监控中心发送终端休眠信号，进入休眠状态，并在下次车辆启动后退出休眠状态。终端在休眠状态下应满足以下要求：
a) 关闭除无线通信模块外其他不必要设备，卫星定位模块在需要上传时自动唤醒；
b) 数据上传频率可由监控中心远程设置或按照初始化时设置的参数自动持续降低数据上传频率；
c) 终端在蓄电池欠压报警后，转由内置备用蓄电池供电，在内置备用蓄电池电量用完时自动关机；
d) 终端在休眠期间平均功率不超过1.5W。
5.9 警示
5.9.1 一般要求
终端触发警示时应立即向监控中心上传警示信息或根据需要向指定手机发送短消息警示信息，并能接收监控中心指令取消警示。警示手机号码可由监控中心远程设置。当监控中心依据车辆上传的车辆位置信息、状态信息或者安全监管需要向终端下指令时，终端应以语音报读方式，可结合声、光、文字等方式向驾驶员提示警示信息。终端警示功能分为人工报警与自动提醒。
5.9.2 人工报警
人工报警是驾驶员根据现场实际情况触发的报警，当遇到抢劫、交通事故、车辆故障等紧急情况时，驾驶员通过触动应急报警按钮向监控中心上传报警信息，同时关闭语音报读模块。如果终端具有图像、视频采集功能，应立即启用该功能。若在无移动通信信号地区，具备北斗通信功能的终端可通过北斗系统短消息方式上传报警信息。人工报警应具备防止误操作功能。
5.9.3 自动提醒
自动提醒是驾驶员不对终端进行任何操作，终端根据监控中心设定的条件触发，包括以下功能：
a) 区域提醒：终端中应存储有不少于24个多边形或圆形区域，当车辆驶入禁入区域或驶出禁出区域时触发，监控区域可由监控中心远程设置。
b) 禁行时段提醒：终端可根据预设的禁行时段或通过接收监控中心下发的信息触发，以提醒驾驶员当前处于禁行时段状态，禁行时段默认为凌晨2时至5时。
c) 路线偏离提醒：终端中应存储有不少于24条路线，每条路线应是16个或以上点构成的折线。当车辆驶离设定的路线时触发，监控路线可由监控中心远程设置。
d) 超速提醒：终端应根据预设的速度阈值或通过接收监控中心下发的信息触发。
e) 疲劳驾驶提醒：车辆或者驾驶员单次连续驾驶时间、累计驾驶时间超过疲劳驾驶时间阈值时触发，疲劳驾驶时间阈值可由监控中心远程设置，单次连续驾驶时间默认为4h，累计驾驶时间默认为8h。
f) 电瓶欠压提醒：终端检测车辆电瓶电压低于预设值时触发，同时终端须停止从车辆电瓶取电，转由终端内置备用电池供电。
g) 断电提醒：终端在被切断主供电源时触发。
h) 天线断开提醒；终端卫星定位天线被剪断时触发。
i) 超时停车提醒：停车时间超过系统预设时间时触发。
j) 终端故障提醒：当终端主机及与终端主机连接的外部设备工作异常时触发，并上传至监控中心。
k) 轮胎压力异常提醒：终端可与车辆轮胎压力监测系统进行通信，接收并上传轮胎压力异常提醒信息。
l) 侧翻提醒：车辆侧翻时触发。
m) 碰撞提醒：车辆发生碰撞事故时触发。
n) 不安全驾驶行为提醒：终端可与驾驶员不安全驾驶行为监测系统通信，接收并上传驾驶员吸烟、打电话、分神、打瞌睡等不安全驾驶行为提醒信息。
o) 右转盲区异常提醒：终端可与右转盲区监测系统通信，当车辆右转弯时，右转盲区内有行人、非机动车或其他机动车时，终端接收并上传盲区异常提醒信息。
5.10 终端管理
终端管理功能应符合以下要求：
a) 终端初始支持本地直接修改接入参数，对终端接入地址远程配置时，由终端本地确认后生效；
b) 终端支持加密或数字身份认证的无线网络远程方式实现终端在监控中心注册和注销功能、固件更新功能、固件参数的修改和查询功能、终端的复位或恢复出厂设置功能；
c) 固件更新、参数修改过程中遇到掉电等意外情况时支持自动恢复功能，保证更新失败时终端能够正常使用；
d) 固件更新和固件参数修改功能支持本地(SD卡，USB或其他数字接口)方式实现；
e) 终端支持通过USB口或串口对终端进行设置和输出。
JT/T 794-2019/XG1-2021, JT 794-2019/XG1-2021, JT 794-2019XG1-2021, JT/T794-2019/XG1-2021, JT/T 794, JT/T794, JT794-2019/XG1-2021, JT 794, JT794, JT794-2019XG1-2021, JT 794, JT794
