Heavy Mechanical General Techniques and Standards-Part 13: Packing
1 Scope
This Part of JB/T 5000 specifies transportation and package methods, technical requirements and test methods of heavy machinery products.
This Part is applicable to transportation package of heavy machinery products.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents, through reference in this Part of JB/T 5000, constitute the clauses of this Part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding correction to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties whose enter into agreement according to this Part are encouraged to research whether the latest editions of these references are applied or not. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document is applicable to this standard.
GB 190 Packing symbol of dangerous goods
GB/T 191 Packing - Pictorial marking for handling of goods (GB/T 191-2000, eqv ISO 780: 1997)
GB/T 1413 Series 1 Freight Containers—Classification, Dimensions and Ratings (GB/T 1413-1998, idt ISO 668: 1995)
GB/T 4768 Mould-proof Packing
GB/T 4857.21 Packing-Transport Packages-Mould-Proof Packing Test Method
GB/T 4879 Rustproof Packing
GB/T 5048 Moistureproof Packing
GB/T 5398 Test Methods for Large Transport Packages
GB/T 6388 Transport Package Shipping Mark
GB/T 7284 Wooden Framed Case
GB/T 7350 Waterproof Packing
GB/T 8166 Package Cushioning Design Method
GB/T 9846.3-2004 Plywood-Part 3: General Specification for Plywood for General Use
GB/T 12339 Inner Packing Materials in Preservation
GB/T 12464 Wooden Boxes
GB/T 13123 Bamboo-mat Plywood
GB/T 13384 General Specifications for Packing of Mechanical and Electrical Products
GB/T 15172 The Sampling Inspection for Transport Packages
GB/T 18925 Skid Wooden Boxes (GB/T 18925-2002, JIS Z 1402: 1990, MOD)
3 Package category
3.1 Category 1 package: pack with nailed wooden box lined with waterproof materials, the cargo is stored in the aluminum foil or equivalent aluminum foil bags, in which desiccant shall be put; the guarantee period is 24 months and the nailed wooden boxes shall meet the requirements of GB/T 7284, GB/T 18925 or GB/T 12464.
Suitable cargo: machinery equipment and electrical materials, which is apt to be rusty and fitting pipes.
3.2 Category 2 package: an additional layer of nailed wooden box is added based on the Category I package. Cushion materials (acceleration levels provided) selected according to vulnerability of the cargo shall be used between the boxes.
Suitable cargo: vulnerable electrical and control materials, etc.
3.3 Category 3 package: 0.2mm thick polyethylene bags (or equivalent aluminum foil) are used based on the Category I package; the guarantee period is 24 months.
Suitable cargo: machinery equipment and electrical materials, which is apt to be rusty and fitting pipes.
3.4 Category 4 package: packed with nailed wooden boxes lined with waterproof material, but without aluminum foil or polyethylene bag and ventilation shields shall be provided for the boxes.
Suitable cargo: shockproof and corrosion-proof spare parts (simple mechanical structure pieces, bolts and pipes).
3.5 Category 5 package: open crate, as specified in GB/T 7284, GB/T 18925 or GB/T 12464.
Suitable cargo: corrosion resistant components, which are insensitive to common transportation mechanical damages and all kinds of vessels, etc.
3.6 Category 6 package: bunching.
Suitable cargo: steel pipes (not acid-washed) and stainless steel pipes, which are calculated in length; structural parts and supports which are not required for protective measures but only placed together as a delivery unit.
3.7 Category 7 package: open while transportation (pallet structure).
Suitable cargo: machine components which are difficult to be damaged, rust resistant or dimension of which exceed the common loading section.
3.8 Category 8 package: partial packing.
Suitable cargo: components, whose single piece mass exceeds 30t, dimension of which exceeds the common loading section. These components are insensitive to rust and mechanical damage happened during transportation. Only the mechanical surfaces of them shall be enclosed with battens.
3.9 Category 9 package: dangerous articles packing.
Suitable cargo: hazardous articles for all kinds of transportations routes (sea transportation, land transportation, railway transportation and air transportation).
3.10 Category 10 package: nude packing.
Suitable cargo: components shall not be specially protected in the transportation process.
3.11 Category 11 package: shipment packing (stock antirust periodnot ensured).
Suitable cargo: components which shall be protected only during loading, unloading and in transportation process rather than during storage. Necessary transportation protection measures shall be taken for these components. For example, supports used for the trailer and lifting tool and protector used for hoisting shall be used in the protective measure, so as to prevent them from damages due to climate effect and in transportation process.
3.12 Category 12 package: container packing. Cargos loaded at the bottom of the transport ship shall be sealed with foil and a right amount of desiccant shall be put into the package with a warranty of 6 months.
Suitable cargo: machinery equipment and electrical materials, which is apt to be rusty and fitting pipes.
3.13 Category 13 package: tugboat packing.
Suitable cargo: components transported by loading equipment, which may directly store the cargo. Necessary protective measures suitable to loading, unloading and transportation shall be taken for these components.
3.14 See Appendix A for structure example and application scope of the common packing type.
4 Packing Materials
4.1 Wood
4.1.1 Category
Materials for main load-carrying members of the wooden framed case mainly are larch, pinewood, fir, spruce, maple and elm, wood with more or equal strength may also be used, materials used for other members may be selected, if only the box strength may be ensured.
4.1.2 Moisture content
Generally, percentage of moisture content in wood is no larger than 20%, but moisture content of packing timber, auxiliary packing timber or wood used in for the open crate may be lower than 24%.
4.1.3 Defect
Allowable defect limit of the wood shall meet the requirements of GB/T 13384. But the export packing shall be free from barks, rot and wormholes.
4.1.4 Dimensional deviation
The width and thickness dimensional deviation of the wood member shall conform to those specified in Table 1.
4.1.5 Allowable strength of wood
Allowable strength of the wood used for the wooden case shall not be lower than those specified in Table 2.
Table 1 Width and Thickness Dimensional Deviation of Wood Member
Content
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Packing Type
4 Packing Materials
5 Package Structure
6 Package Fixing
7 Packing Requirements
8 Test Methods
9 Sampling Method and Inspection Rules
10 Packing Marks
11 Accompanying Documents
Appendix A (Informative) Packing Type
Appendix B (Informative) Tightening Methods of the Products
Appendix C (Normative) Clearance Diagram
