标准编号:	GB/T 8484-2020
中文名称:	建筑外门窗保温性能检测方法
英文名称:	Test method for thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows
中标分类:	P32    建筑构造与装饰工程
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	91.060.50 91.060.50    门窗 91.060.50
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2020-04-28
实施日期:	2021-3-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 8484-2008 建筑外门窗保温性能分级及检测方法
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	21000 字
翻译价格(元):	1470.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 8484-2008 Graduation and test method for thermal insulating properties of doors and windows and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 8484-2008: ——The term "thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows" is added (see 3.1); ——The terms "total hemispherical emissivity" and "glass door" are deleted (see 3.4 and 3.6 of Edition 2008); ——Graduation of thermal insulating performance is deleted (see Clause 4 of Edition 2008); ——The test principle is modified, and the heat loss at the edges of test piece and filler plate is considered in the calculation of thermal transmittance K (see Clause 4; 5.1 of Edition 2008); ——The test device is modified by adding a deflector in the hot box (see Clause 5; 5.2 of Edition 2008); ——The data processing is modified by adding the thermal transmission capacity at the edge line in the calculation formula (see Clause 7.4; 5.10 of Edition 2008); ——The normative annex "Value of thermal transmittance at the edge line" is added (see Annex C); ——The test method for condensation resistance factor is adjusted to the informative annex [see Annex D; 5.1.2, 5.7.7, 5.8.2, 5.9.2, 5.10.2, and Clause 6 e)2 of Edition 2008). This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 448 National Technical Committee on Curtain Walls and Windows of Standardization Administration of China.   The previous editions of this standard are as follows: ——GB/T 8484-1987, GB/T 8484-2002 and GB/T 8484-2008; ——GB/T 16729-1997. Test method for thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows 1 Scope This standard specifies the test principle, test device, test pieces and installation requirements, test and test report of the thermal insulating performance for building exterior doors and windows. This standard is applicable to the thermal insulating performance test for vertical exterior doors and windows of buildings. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 4132 Definitions of terms relating to thermal insulating materials GB/T 5823 Terminology for building windows and doors GB/T 10294 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Guarded hot plate apparatus GB/T 13475 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal transmission properties - Calibrated and guard hot box 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 4132 and GB/T 5823 and the following apply. 3.1 thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows ability of building exterior doors and windows to prevent thermal transmission from indoor to outdoor, which is characterized by thermal transmittance 3.2 doors and windows thermal transmittance thermal transmission capacity per unit area in unit time under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission when the air temperature difference between both sides of doors and windows is 1K Note: It is revised from Definition 2.8.15 in GB/T 4132-2015. 3.3 thermal conductance ratio of the thermal transmission capacity per unit area through the filler plate of certain thickness to the temperature difference between the two surfaces of the plate under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission 3.4 thermal current coefficient thermal transmission capacity under the condition of steady-state thermal transmission when the temperature difference between the two surfaces of box wall or test piece frame in the hot box is 1K 4 Test principle Based on the principle of steady-state thermal transmission, the thermal transmittance of building exterior doors and windows is tested by the calibrated hot box method. The hot box is on one side of the test piece, which simulates the indoor air temperature conditions of heated buildings in winter; the cold box is on the other side, which simulates outdoor air temperature and air flow rate in winter. Under the condition that the gaps of the test piece are sealed and both sides of the test piece are kept under stable air temperature, air flow rate and thermal radiation, measure the calorific value per unit time of the heating device in the hot box, subtract it by the heat loss passing through the hot box wall, the test piece frame, the filler plate and the edges of test piece and filler plate, and then divide the value by the product of the area of the test piece and the air temperature difference between both sides, so as to obtain the thermal transmittance K value of the test piece. 5 Test device 5.1 Composition of test device The test device mainly consists of five parts: hot box, cold box, test piece frame, filler plate and environmental space, as shown in Figure 1. Keys: 1——Control system; 8——Filler plate; 2——Humidity control system; 9——Test piece frame; 3——Environmental space; 10——Deflector in cold box; 4——Heating device; 11——Refrigeration device; 5——Hot box; 12——Air conditioning device; 6——Deflector in hot box; 13——Cold box. 7——Test piece; Figure 1 Composition of test device 5.2 Hot box 5.2.1 The net internal dimensions of hot box should not be less than 2,200mm×2,500mm (width× height), and the depth should not be less than 2,000mm. 5.2.2 The hot box wall shall be made of homogeneous material, of which the thermal resistance shall not be less than 3.5m2·K/W. 5.2.3 The hemispherical emissivity of the deflector in hot box facing the surface of the test piece shall be greater than 0.85, and the deflector shall be located in a plane 150mm~300mm away from the hot-side surface of the test piece frame, and shall be larger than the dimension of the test piece. 5.2.4 At least nine air temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged between the hot box deflector and the test piece, and thermal radiation shield is required. At least nine temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of each wall of the hot box, and the hemispherical emissivity of the adhesive material on the temperature sensors shall be similar to that of the measured surface. The measurement uncertainty of the temperature sensor shall not be greater than 0.25K. 5.2.5 The hot box shall be heated by a heating device with regulated power supply, and the accuracy grade of the power meter shall not be lower than 0.5. 5.3 Cold box 5.3.1 The net internal dimensions of the cold box shall be the same as the overall dimensions of the test piece frame, and the depth shall be large enough to accommodate the refrigeration device and the deflector. 5.3.2 The inner surface of the cold box shall be made of non-hygroscopic and corrosion-resistant material, and the thermal resistance of the cold box wall shall not be less than 3.5m2·K/W. 5.3.3 The hemispherical emissivity of the deflector in cold box facing the surface of the test piece shall be greater than 0.85, and the deflector shall be located in a plane 150mm~300mm away from the code-side surface of the test piece frame, and shall be larger than the dimension of the test piece. 5.3.4 At least nine air temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged between the cold box deflector and the test piece, and thermal radiation shield is required. 5.3.5 Forced convection shall be carried out in the cold box by using the deflector and fan to form a uniform and stable airflow from top to bottom along the surface of the test piece; and the distance from the cold-side surface of test piece shall meet the requirement of GB/T 13475 that the average air velocity in the plane shall be 3.0m/s±0.2m/s. 5.4 Test piece frame 5.4.1 The overall dimensions of the test piece frame shall not be smaller than the internal dimensions of the opening of the hot box. 5.4.2 The thermal resistance of the test piece frame shall not be less than 7.0m2·K/W, and the frame surface shall be made of non-hygroscopic and corrosion-resistant material. 5.4.3 At least six temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the hot- and cold-side surfaces of the test piece frame respectively. 5.5 Filler plate 5.5.1 The filler plate shall be made of homogeneous material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.040W/(m·K), and the thermal conductivity shall be determined in accordance with those specified in GB/T 10294.   5.5.2 At least nine temperature measuring points shall be uniformly arranged on the hot- and cold-side surfaces of the filler plate respectively, and the hemispherical emissivity of the adhesive material on the temperature sensors shall be similar to that of the measured surface. 5.6 Environmental space 5.6.1 The test device shall be placed in a laboratory equipped with air conditioning equipment, the fluctuation of air temperature in the environmental space shall not be greater than 0.5K, and the average temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the hot box wall shall be less than 1.0K. 5.6.2 The envelop enclosure of the laboratory shall have good thermal insulating performance and thermal stability, and the inner surfaces of walls and ceilings shall be insulated, and sunlight shall not be prevented from directly irradiating into the laboratory through windows. 5.6.3 The distance between the outer surface of the hot box wall and the peripheral wall shall not be less than 500mm. 6 Test pieces and installation requirements 6.1 Test pieces One test piece shall be tested, with an area of not less than 0.8m2. The structure of the test piece shall meet the product design and assembly requirements, and no extra accessories shall be attached and no special assembly process be adopted. 6.2 Installation requirements The hot-side surface of the test piece shall be flush with that of the filler plate. For the filler plate between test piece and test piece frame, the width shall not be less than 200mm, and the thickness shall not be less than 100mm and thickness of test piece frame, as shown in Figure 2. The open joints of test piece shall be sealed on both sides.

Foreword II 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Test principle 5 Test device 6 Test pieces and installation requirements 7 Test 8 Test report Annex A (Normative) Calibration of thermal current coefficient Annex B (Normative) Calculation of weighted average temperature Annex C (Normative) Value of thermal transmittance at the edge line Annex D (Informative) Test method for condensation resistance factor Annex E (Informative) Test methods for thermal transmittance of glass Annex F (Informative) Test methods for thermal transmittance of door and window frames

建筑外门窗保温性能检测方法 1 范围 本标准规定了建筑外门窗保温性能检测原理、检测装置、试件及安装要求、检测及检测报告。 本标准适用于竖向建筑外门窗的保温性能检测。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 4132 绝热材料及相关术语 GB/T 5823 建筑门窗术语 GB/T 10294 绝热材料稳态热阻及有关特性的测定 防护热板法 GB/T 13475 绝热 稳态传热性质的测定 标定和防护热箱法 3 术语和定义 GB/T 4132和GB/T 5823界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 门窗保温性能 thermal insulating performance for building doors and windows 建筑外门窗阻止热量由室内向室外传递的能力，用传热系数表征。 3.2 门窗传热系数 doors and windows thermal transmittance 稳态传热条件下，门窗两侧空气温差为1 K时单位时间内通过单位面积的传热量。 注：改写GB/T 4132—2015，定义2.8.15。 3.3 热导 thermal conductance 稳态传热条件下，通过一定厚度填充板的单位面积传热量与板两表面温差的比值。 3.4 热流系数 thermal current coefficient 稳态传热条件下，标定热箱中箱壁或试件框两表面温差为1 K时的传热量。 4 检测原理 基于稳态传热原理，采用标定热箱法检测建筑外门窗传热系数。试件一侧为热箱，模拟供暖建筑冬季室内气温条件；另一侧为冷箱，模拟冬季室外气温和气流速度。在对试件缝隙进行密封处理，试件两侧各自保持稳定的空气温度、气流速度和热辐射条件下，测量热箱中加热装置单位时间内的发热量，减去通过热箱壁、试件框、填充板、试件和填充板边缘的热损失，除以试件面积与两侧空气温差的乘积，即可得到试件的传热系数K值。 5 检测装置 5.1 检测装置组成 检测装置主要由热箱、冷箱、试件框、填充板和环境空间五部分组成，见图1。 说明： 1——控制系统； 8——填充板； 2——控湿系统； 9——试件框； 3——环境空间； 10——冷箱导流板； 4——加热装置； 11——制冷装置； 5——热箱； 12——空调装置； 6——热箱导流板； 13——冷箱。 7——试件； 图1 检测装置组成 5.2 热箱 5.2.1 热箱内净尺寸不宜小于2200 mm×2500 mm(宽×高)，进深不宜小于2000 mm。 5.2.2 热箱壁应为匀质材料，热阻值不应小于3.5 m2·K/W。 5.2.3 热箱内导流板面向试件表面的半球发射率应大于0.85，导流板应位于距试件框热侧表面150 mm～300 mm的平面内，应大于所测试件尺寸。 5.2.4 热箱导流板与试件间应均匀布置至少9个空气温度测点，且应进行热辐射屏蔽。热箱每个壁的内外表面应各均匀布置至少9个温度测点，温度传感器粘贴材料的半球辐射率应与被测表面相近。温度传感器测量不确定度不应大于0.25 K。 5.2.5 热箱应采用稳压电源加热装置加热，计量用功率表的准确度等级不应低于0.5级。 5.3 冷箱 5.3.1 冷箱内净尺寸应与试件框外边缘尺寸相同，进深应能容纳制冷装置和导流板。 5.3.2 冷箱内表面应采用不吸湿、耐腐蚀材料，冷箱壁热阻值不应小于3.5 m2·K/W。 5.3.3 冷箱内导流板面向试件表面的半球发射率应大于0.85，导流板应位于距试件框冷侧表面150 mm～300 mm的平面内，应大于所测试件尺寸。 5.3.4 冷箱内导流板与试件间应均匀布置至少9个空气温度测点，且应进行热辐射屏蔽。 5.3.5 冷箱内应利用导流板和风机进行强迫对流，形成沿试件表面自上而下的均匀稳定气流；与试件冷侧表面距离符合GB/T 13475规定平面内的平均风速应为3.0 m/s±0.2 m/s。 5.4 试件框 5.4.1 试件框外缘尺寸不应小于热箱开口部位的内缘尺寸。 5.4.2 试件框热阻值不应小于7.0 m2·K/W，表面应采用不吸湿、耐腐蚀材料。 5.4.3 试件框热侧、冷侧各表面应均匀布置至少6个温度测点。 5.5 填充板 5.5.1 填充板应采用导热系数小于0.040 W/(m·K)的匀质材料，导热系数应按GB/T 10294的规定测定。 5.5.2 填充板热侧、冷侧表面应均匀布置至少9个温度测点，温度传感器粘贴材料的半球辐射率应与被测表面相近。 5.6 环境空间 5.6.1 检测装置应放在装有空调设备的实验室内，环境空间空气温度波动不应大于0.5 K，热箱壁内外表面平均温差应小于1.0 K。 5.6.2 实验室围护结构应有良好的保温性能和热稳定性，墙体及顶棚内表面应进行绝热处理，且太阳光不应直接透过窗户进入室内。 5.6.3 热箱壁外表面与周边壁面之间距离不应小于500 mm。 6 试件及安装要求 6.1 试件 被检试件为一件，面积不应小于0.8 m2，构造应符合产品设计和组装要求，不应附加任何多余配件或采取特殊组装工艺。 6.2 安装要求 试件热侧表面应与填充板热侧表面齐平。试件与试件框之间的填充板宽度不应小于200 mm，厚度不应小于100 mm且不应小于试件边框厚度，见图2。试件开启缝应双面密封。 说明： 1——试件框； 2——填充板； 3——冷侧； 4——试件； 5——热侧。 图2 试件安装要求 7 检测 7.1 热流系数标定 热箱壁热流系数M1和试件框热流系数M2每年应至少标定一次，箱体构造、尺寸发生变化时应重新标定，热流系数标定应符合附录A的规定。 7.2 检测条件 热箱空气平均温度设定范围为19℃～21℃，温度波动幅度不应大于0.2 K，热箱内空气为自然对流；冷箱空气平均温度设定范围为－19℃～－21℃，温度波动幅度不应大于0.3 K；与试件冷侧表面距离符合GB/T 13475规定平面内的平均风速为3.0 m/s±0.2 m/s。 7.3 检测程序 检测程序如下： a) 启动检测装置，设定冷、热箱和环境空间空气温度； b) 当冷、热箱和环境空间空气温度达到设定值，且测得的热箱和冷箱的空气平均温度每小时变化的绝对值分别不大于0.1 K和0.3 K，热箱内外表面面积加权平均温度差值和试件框冷热侧表面面积加权平均温度差值每小时变化的绝对值分别不大于0.1 K和0.3 K，且不是单向变化时，传热过程已达到稳定状态；热箱内外表面、试件框冷热侧表面面积加权平均温度计算应符合附录B的规定； c) 传热过程达到稳定状态后，每隔30 min测量一次参数，共测六次； d) 测量结束后记录试件热侧表面结露或结霜状况。 7.4 数据处理 试件的传热系数计算步骤如下： a) 各参数取六次测量的平均值。 b) 试件传热系数K值应按式(1)计算； (1) 式中： Q——加热装置加热功率，单位为瓦(W)； M1——由标定试验确定的热箱壁热流系数，单位为瓦每开尔文(W/K)； ∆θ1——热箱壁内、外表面面积加权平均温度之差，单位为开尔文(K)； M2——由标定试验确定的试件框热流系数，单位为瓦每开尔文(W/K)； ∆θ2——试件框热侧冷侧表面面积加权平均温度之差，单位为开尔文(K)； S——填充板的面积，单位为平方米(m2)； Λ——填充板的热导，单位为瓦每平方米开尔文[W/(m2·K)]； ∆θ3——填充板热侧冷侧表面的平均温差，单位为开尔文(K)； Φedge——试件与填充板间的边缘线传热量，单位为瓦(W)； A——按试件外缘尺寸计算的试件面积，单位为平方米(m2)； T1——热侧空气温度，单位为摄氏度(℃)； T2——冷侧空气温度，单位为摄氏度(℃)。 试件与填充板间的边缘线传热量Φedge应按式(2)计算。 (2) 式中： Ledge——试件与填充板间的边缘周长，单位为米(m)； ——按附录C确定的试件与填充板间的边缘线传热系数，单位为瓦每米开尔文[W/(m·K)]。 c) 试件传热系数K值取两位有效数字。 d) 测试试件抗结露因子参见附录D，测试玻璃和窗框的传热系数参见附录E和附录F。 8 检测报告 检测报告应至少包括下列内容： a) 委托和生产单位； b) 依据的标准； c) 样品描述：试件名称、编号、规格、数量、开启方式；玻璃构造、玻璃间隔条；型材规格；窗框面积与窗面积之比；密封材料； d) 检测项目、检测依据、检测设备、检测时间及报告日期； e) 检测条件：热箱空气温度、冷箱空气温度和平均风速； f) 检测结果：试件传热系数K值、试件热侧表面温度、结露和结霜情况； g) 测试人、审核人及负责人签名； h) 检测单位。