Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 9656-2003 Safety glazing materials for road vehicles. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 9656-2003:
——Terms and definitions have been added (see Clause 3);
——The content of rigid plastic glazing pane has been added (see 3.8, 4.1, 5.1.1, 5.3.3.3, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.5.1, 5.5.4, 5.5.6, 6.3.1, 6.3.3, 6.5.3, Annex B);
——The requirements for head-up display windscreen have been added (see 3.12, 5.3.1, 5.3.3.1 and 6.2.1);
——The general for test methods has been added (see 6.1);
——The requirements for resistance-to-abrasion test methods of thick laminated safety glass have been added (see 6.5.1);
——The content of safety glazing faced with plastic material has been added (see Clause 2, 3.9, 4.1, 5.1.2, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.5.1, 5.5.3, 5.5.7, 6.4.2, 6.4.3, 6.5.1, 6.5.3 and Annex B);
——The classification has been modified (see Clause 4 herein and Clause 3 in 2003 edition);
——The division of test areas of windscreen has been modified (see Annex A hereto and Annex A to 2003 edition);
——The description on non-inspection areas has been modified (see 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 herein and 5.3 and 5.4 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for sample status after impact resistance of laminated safety glass other than windscreen have been modified (see 5.3.3.3 herein and 5.12.2 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for resistance to fire flame have been modified (see 5.4.2 herein and 5.15 in 2003 edition);
——The classification of main technical requirements and general technical requirements has been deleted (see 4.2 in 2003 edition);
——The requirements for color recognition have been deleted (5.5 and 7.5 in 2003 edition);
——The content related to tempered safety glass in areas has been deleted (see 3.1, 3.2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.10, 5.13, 7.13.1 and note in 8.3.1.6 in 2003 edition);
——The head form impact test with test piece as sample of laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material other than windscreen has been deleted (see 5.10.2 in 2003 edition);
——The general technical requirements have been deleted (see Clause 6 in 2003 edition);
——The inspection rules have been deleted (see Clause 8 in 2003 edition);
——The content of packaging, marking, transportation and storage has been deleted (see Clause 9 in 2003 edition);
——All content related to the quantity and determination of inspected samples in 7.2~7.14 of the original standard have been merged into Annex B.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
The previous editions of this standard are as follow:
——GB 9656-1988, GB 9656-1996 and GB 9656-2003.
Safety technical specification for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, technical requirements, test methods and judgment rules for the safety characteristics of glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles.
This standard is applicable to glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles, including Categories M, N and O vehicles, Category L vehicles with cab, and special vehicles for agriculture and forestry.
This standard is not applicable to glazing materials used for lighting and signaling devices and instrument panels of power-driven vehicles.
Note: See GB/T 15089 for classification of Categories L, M, N and O vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5137.1 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 1: Mechanical properties tests
GB/T 5137.2 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 2: Optical properties tests
GB/T 5137.3 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 3: Radiation, high temperature, humidity, fire and simulated weathering resistance tests
GB/T 5137.5 Test methods of safety glazing materials used on road vehicles — Part 5: Resistant-to-chemical and resistant-to-temperature changes test
GB/T 31849-2015 Film mounted motor vehicle glass
QC/T 1119-2019 Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials-Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in QC/T 1119-2019 and the following apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions specified in QC/T 1119-2019 are re-listed below.
3.1
power-driven vehicle
power unit-driven or towed wheeled vehicle which, running on roads, is intended for carrying passengers or goods or for undertaking special jobs
3.2
safety glazing material
glazing material consisting of organic and/or inorganic materials so constructed or treated to minimize the likelihood of injury to persons as a result of contact with these safety glazing materials when used in a vehicle, and which complies with specified requirements for visibility, strength, and durability
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.1]
3.3
glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
safety glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles for providing field of view and lighting, separating compartment space or fulfilling other functions for driver and passengers
3.4
tempered safety glass
glazing material consisting of a single layer of glass which has been subjected to special treatment to increase its mechanical strength and/or to condition its fragmentation after shattering
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.4]
3.5
laminated safety glass
glazing material consisting of two or more layers of glass held together by one or more interlayers
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.5]
3.6
glass-plastic safety glazing material
composite glazing material that consists of one or more layers of inorganic materials and organic materials, and the side facing passengers is made of organic materials
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.2]
3.7
insulating safety glazing unit
glazing unit that is any combination of tempered safety glass, laminated safety glass and glass-plastic safety glazing material, and is evenly separated by spacer bars, with the periphery well adhered and sealed
3.8
rigid plastic glazing pane
organic polymer material that can keep the structural rigidity within the intended range of use
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.1.3.1]
3.9
safety glazing faced with plastic material
glass made by sticking plastic film on the inner surface of tempered safety glass, laminated safety glass or insulating safety glazing unit consisting of tempered safety glass and/or laminated safety glass
3.10
windscreen
glazing in front of the vehicle through which the driver views the road ahead
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.2.1]
3.11
glass panes other than windscreen
glass in any part other than the windscreen
Note: glass panes other than windscreen include but not limited to skylight, side window, rear window, compartment partition or partition window, window panes of double-decker bus located in all parts of the upper compartment, and upper window panes of single-decker bus at the forefront not intended for providing visual field for the driver
3.12
head-up display windscreen
HUD windscreen
windscreen that can provide an image of information content in front of the driver through the optical system
[QB/T 119-2019, Definition 2.1.9]
3.13
driver’s vision area
area on the glass panes that enable the driver to fully observe the devices for indirect vision required by GB 15084 and obtain the required vision, if necessary
3.14
head injury criteria
HIC
characteristic value representing the degree of skull injury, which is generally evaluated by simulating the vertical impact of blunt object on safety glazing material
[QB/T 1119-2019, Definition 2.5.8]
3.15
R point
design point specified by the vehicle manufacturer for each seating position
3.16
centerline of vehicle
straight line on the top plan of the vehicle that meets the following requirements:
a) For vehicles with more than four wheels, a vertical bisector passing through the connecting line of the design center point of the left and right front wheels and the rear wheels respectively;
b) For three-wheeled vehicles, a straight line connecting the center points of the line connecting the design center point of the left and right rear (front) wheels and the design center point of the front (rear) wheels;
c) For vehicles with tracks, a straight line equidistant from the centerline of the left and right tracks.
3.17
median plane of vehicle
vertical plane containing the centerline of vehicle
3.18
X axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is parallel to the median plane of vehicle in the horizontal plane where the R point is located, consisting of +X as the rear direction of the vehicle and -X as the front direction
3.19
Y axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is vertical to X axis in the horizontal plane where the R point is located, consisting of +Y as the right driving direction of the vehicle and -Y as the left driving direction
3.20
Z axis
axis that passes through the driver's seat R point and is vertical to X axis and Y axis in the vertical plane where the R point is located, consisting of +Z as the upward direction of the vehicle and -Z as the downward direction
4 Classification
4.1 Glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles are classified into laminated safety glass, tempered safety glass, insulating safety glazing unit, glass-plastic safety glazing material, rigid plastic glazing pane and safety glazing faced with plastic material by production and processing technology and/or material.
4.2 Glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles are classified into windscreen and glass panes other than windscreen by application part.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 Laminated safety glass, glass-plastic safety glazing material and tempered safety glass are applicable to any part of power-driven vehicles. When tempered safety glass is used for windscreen, it is only applicable to vehicles with design speed of less than 40 km/h; insulating safety glazing unit and rigid plastic glazing pane are applicable to any part other than windscreen.
5.1.2 Laminated safety glass, tempered safety glass or insulating safety glazing unit used for substrate of safety glazing faced with plastic material shall meet the corresponding clauses of this standard.
5.1.3 The safety technical requirements for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles include safety requirements for field of view, strength, damage and environmental durability.
5.2 Safety requirements for field of view
5.2.1 Luminous transmittance
5.2.1.1 The luminous transmittance of windscreen shall meet those specified in Table 1. The luminous transmittance of glass panes other than windscreen for the driver's division area shall not be less than 70%.
5.2.1.2 The luminous transmittance of glass panes other than windscreen (except for the driver's vision area) of interurban buses, touring buses, buses with passenger standing areas, school buses and passenger cars with middle engine and aspect ratio of 0.9 or less shall not be less than 50%.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.2 Safety requirements for field of view
5.2.1 Luminous transmittance
5.2.2 Secondary image separation
5.2.3 Optical distortion
5.3 Safety requirements for strength
5.3.1 Performance of head form impact
5.3.2 Penetration resistance
5.3.3 Impact resistance
5.4 Safety requirements for damage
5.4.1 Fragmentation
5.4.2 Resistance to fire flame
5.4.3 Resistance to chemical reagents
5.5 Safety requirements for environmental durability
5.5.1 Resistance to abrasion
5.5.2 High temperature resistance
5.5.3 Resistance to radiation
5.5.4 Resistance to humidity
5.5.5 Resistance to temperature change
5.5.6 Simulated weathering resistance
5.5.7 Volatile organic compounds
6 Test methods
6.1 General
6.2 Safety performance test with respect to field of view
6.2.1 Luminous transmittance
6.2.2 Optical distortion
6.2.3 Secondary image separation
6.3 Safety performance test with respect to strength
6.3.1 Performance of head form impact
6.3.2 Penetration resistance
6.3.3 Impact resistance
6.4 Safety performance test with respect to damage
6.4.1 Fragmentation
6.4.2 Resistance to fire flame
6.4.3 Resistance to chemical reagents
6.5 Safety performance test with respect to environmental durability
6.5.1 Resistance to abrasion
6.5.2 High temperature resistance
6.5.3 Resistance to radiation
6.5.4 Resistance to humidity
6.5.5 Resistance to temperature change
6.5.6 Simulated weathering resistance
6.5.7 Volatile organic compounds
7 Judgment rules
7.1 Judgment for single item
7.2 Comprehensive judgment
Annex A (Normative) Determination of windscreen test area
Annex B (normative) Single item judgment rules for inspection items
Bibliography
机动车玻璃安全技术规范
1 范围
本标准规定了机动车玻璃安全特性相关的术语和定义、分类、技术要求、试验方法及判定规则。
本标准适用于包括M类、N类、O类、有驾驶室的L类车辆、农业和林业专用车在内的机动车用玻璃。
本标准不适用于机动车照明和信号装置及仪表盘用玻璃。
注：L类、M类、N类、O类车辆分类见GB/T 15089。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 5137.1 汽车安全玻璃试验方法 第1部分：力学性能试验
GB/T 5137.2 汽车安全玻璃试验方法 第2部分：光学性能试验
GB/T 5137.3 汽车安全玻璃试验方法 第3部分：耐辐照、高温、潮湿、燃烧和耐模拟气候试验
GB/T 5137.5 汽车安全玻璃试验方法 第5部分：耐化学侵蚀性和耐温度变化性试验
GB/T 31849—2015 汽车贴膜玻璃
QC/T 1119—2019 汽车安全玻璃术语
3 术语和定义
QC/T 1119—2019界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。为了便于使用，以下重复列出了QC/T 1119—2019中的某些术语和定义。
3.1
机动车 power-driven vehicle
以动力装置驱动或者牵引，上道路行驶的供人员乘坐或者用于运送物品以及进行工程专项作业的轮式车辆。
3.2
安全玻璃 safety glazing material
用于车辆上，由无机材料和/或有机材料经处理或复合而成的透明材料。能有效减少人员伤害的可能性，并具有一定的视野、强度和耐久性。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.1.1]
3.3
机动车玻璃 glazing materials used in power driven vehicles
安装在机动车上用于为驾驶员和乘员提供观察视野、采光、分隔车厢空间或其他功能用安全玻璃。
3.4
钢化安全玻璃tempered safety glass
由单层玻璃通过特殊热处理，增加其机械强度，且破碎后能够控制其碎片状态的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.1.4]
3.5
夹层安全玻璃 laminated safety glass
两层或者多层玻璃用一层或者多层中间层胶合而成的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.1.5]
3.6
塑玻复合材料 glass-plastic safety glazing material
由一层或多层无机材料与一层或多层有机材料复合而成，且安装后其面向乘客的一面为有机材料。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.1.2]
3.7
安全中空玻璃 insulating safety glazing unit
由钢化安全玻璃、夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料任意组合并以间隔条均匀隔开，并且周边粘接密封的玻璃组合件。
3.8
刚性塑料玻璃 rigid plastic glazing pane
在预期使用范围内保持其结构刚度的有机聚合物材料。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.1.3.1]
3.9
贴膜玻璃 safety glazing faced with plastic material
在钢化安全玻璃、夹层安全玻璃或由钢化安全玻璃和/或夹层安全玻璃组成的安全中空玻璃内表面粘贴塑料膜制得的玻璃。
3.10
前风窗玻璃 windscreen
机动车前部为驾驶员提供清晰视野的安全玻璃。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.2.1]
3.11
前风窗以外玻璃 glass panes other than windscreen
除前风窗玻璃之外的任何部位的玻璃。
注：包括但不限于天窗、侧窗、后窗、车厢内隔断或分隔窗、双层客车位于上层车厢的所有部位的窗玻璃、单层客车最前部不提供驾驶员视野的上部窗玻璃等。
3.12
抬头显示风窗玻璃 head-up display windscreen
H.U.D玻璃
能够将信息内容通过光学系统成像于驾驶员前方的前风窗玻璃。
[QC/T 119—2019，定义2.1.9]
3.13
驾驶员视区部位 driver’s vision area
必要时，能够使驾驶员完整观察到GB 15084要求的间接视野装置，并获得符合要求的视野的玻璃上的区域。
3.14
头部伤害指数 head injury criteria
HIC
表征颅骨伤害程度的特征值，一般用模拟钝器垂直冲击安全玻璃的方法来评价。
[QC/T 1119—2019，定义2.5.8]
3.15
R点 R point
由车辆制造商为每一乘坐位置规定的设计点。
3.16
车辆中心线 centerline of vehicle
车辆俯视平面图上符合下列要求的直线：
a) 对四轮以上的车辆，通过左右前车轮及后车轮各自的设计中心点连接线的垂直平分线；
b) 对三轮车辆，连接左右后(前)车轮的设计巾心点的线的中点和前(后)轮设计中心点的直线；
c) 对有履带的车辆，与左右履带中心线等距离的直线。
3.17
车辆中心面 median plane of vehicle
包含车辆中心线的垂直面。
3.18
X轴 X axis
通过驾驶员座位R点，且在R点所在的水平面，与车辆中心面平行的轴。＋X为车辆的后方向，－X为车辆的前方向。
3.19
Y轴 Y axis
通过驾驶员座位R点，且在R点所在的水平面，与X轴垂直的轴。＋Y为车辆行驶方向的右侧，－Y为车辆行驶方向的左侧。
3.20
Z轴 Z axis
通过驾驶员座位R点，且在R点所在的垂直面，与X轴及Y轴垂直的轴。＋Z为车辆的上方向，－Z为车辆的下方向。
4 分类
4.1 按生产加工工艺和/或材料，机动车玻璃分为夹层安全玻璃、钢化安全玻璃、安全中空玻璃、塑玻复合材料、刚性塑料玻璃和贴膜玻璃。
4.2 按应用部位，机动车玻璃分为前风窗玻璃和前风窗以外玻璃。
5 技术要求
5.1 总则
5.1.1 夹层安全玻璃、塑玻复合材料和钢化安全玻璃适用于机动车的任何部位，当钢化安全玻璃用于前风窗时，只适用于设计时速低于40km/h的车辆；安全中空玻璃和刚性塑料玻璃适用于前风窗以外任何部位。
5.1.2 用于贴膜玻璃基片的夹层安全玻璃、钢化安全玻璃或安全中空玻璃应符合本标准相应条款的规定。
5.1.3 机动车玻璃安全技术要求包括视野安全要求、强度安全要求、破坏安全要求和环境耐久性安全要求。
5.2 视野安全要求
5.2.1 可见光透射比
5.2.1.1 前风窗玻璃的可见光透射比应符合表1的规定。前风窗以外玻璃用于驾驶员视区部位的可见光透射比应不小于70％。
5.2.1.2 公路客车、旅游客车、设有乘客站立区的客车、校车和发动机中置且宽高比小于或等于0.9的乘用车的前风窗以外玻璃(驾驶员视区部位除外)的可见光透射比应不小于50％。
表1 前风窗玻璃的可见光透射比要求
车辆种类 试验区a 可见光透射比
M1和N1 Bb 法70％
N类和M类中M1以外 I
L类、O类和农业和林业专用车 I′
a 试验区的确定见附录A，对于N1类车辆，由供需双方商定采用试验区I或试验区B。
b 黑边区域除外。
5.2.2 副像偏离
5.2.2.1 前风窗玻璃的副像偏离应符合表2的规定。车窗洞口向内100mm区域进入Ⅰ区或扩展后的A区的部分，副像偏离最大值应不大于25′。
5.2.2.2 车窗洞口向内或黑边内边缘向内25mm区域不做检查，该区域不能进入Ⅰ区或扩展后的A区；对于在中心部位有分隔柱的前风窗玻璃，邻接分隔柱的35mm区域不做检查。
5.2.3 光畸变
5.2.3.1 前风窗玻璃的光畸变应符合表3的规定。车窗洞口向内100mm区域进入Ⅰ区或扩展后的A区的部分，光畸变最大值应不大于6′。
5.2.3.2 车窗洞口向内或黑边内边缘向内25mm区域不做检查，该区域不能进入Ⅰ区或扩展后的A区；对于在中心部位有分隔柱的前风窗玻璃，邻接分隔柱的35mm区域不做检查。
表3 前风窗玻璃的光畸变要求
车辆种类 试验区a 光畸变最大值
M1和N1 扩展后的A 2′
缩减后的B 6′
N类和M类中M1以外 I 2′
L类、O类和农业和林业专用车 I′ 2′
a 试验区的确定见附录A，对于N1类车辆，由供需双方商定采用试验区I或扩展后的A及缩减后的B。
5.3 强度安全要求
5.3.1 人头模型冲击性能
5.3.1.1 对于前风窗用夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料、前风窗以外用安全中空玻璃和刚性塑料玻璃，试验后试样应符合表4的规定。
5.3.1.2 前风窗玻璃厚度大于或等于7mm时，不需进行人头模型冲击试验。对于抬头显示风窗玻璃制品，以最薄公称厚度为准。
5.3.1.3 对于刚性塑料玻璃，当制品面积小于200cm2且外接圆半径小于7.5cm时，不需进行人头模型冲击试验。
表4 人头模型冲击后要求
种类 冲击后的试样状态
夹层安全玻璃 a) 试样应破坏，并以冲击点为中心产生许多环状和放射状裂纹，离冲击点最近的环状裂纹的半径应不大于80mm；
b) 在试样冲击侧不应有面积大于20cm2的中间层裸露，在冲击面以冲击点为中心的60mm直径圆外，允许有宽度小于4mm的碎片剥离；
c) 中间层的裂口长度应小于35mm
塑玻复合材料 a) 玻璃层应破坏，并以冲击点为中心产生许多环状和放射状裂纹，离冲击点最近的环状裂纹的半径应不大于80mm；
b) 中间层的裂口长度应小于35mm
安全中空玻璃 a) 由两层钢化安全玻璃构成时，两层钢化安全玻璃均应破坏。
b) 由夹层安全玻璃和/或塑玻复合材料构成时应满足以下要求：
1) 两层构件均应破裂，并以冲击点为中心产生许多圆形裂纹；
2) 中间层允许撕裂，但人头模型不应穿透试样；
3) 无大碎片剥离。
c) 由一层钢化安全玻璃和一层夹层安全玻璃或塑玻复合材料所构成时应满足以下要求：
1) 钢化安全玻璃应破碎；
2) 夹层安全玻璃或塑玻复合材料应破裂，并以冲击点为中心产生许多圆形裂纹；
3) 中间层允许撕裂，但人头模型不应穿透试样；
4) 无大碎片剥离
刚性塑料玻璃 a) 冲击体不应穿透试样，试样不应破碎成分离的几块；
b) HIC值应小于1000
5.3.2 抗穿透性能
对于前风窗用夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料，冲击后5s内钢球不应穿透试样。
5.3.3 抗冲击性能
5.3.3.1 对于前风窗用夹层安全玻璃，冲击后试样应符合下列规定。
a) 钢球不应穿透试样。
b) 试样不应断成分离的几块。
c) 冲击面反侧剥落碎片的总质量应符合表5的规定。对于抬头显示风窗玻璃，冲击面反侧剥落碎片的总质量应符合制品最薄处公称厚度在表5中所对应的碎片质量要求。
表5 冲击面反侧允许剥落碎片质量要求
公称厚度t/mm 碎片质量/g
T≤4.5 ≤12
4.5＜t≤5.5 ≤15
5.5＜t≤6.5 ≤20
t＞6.5 ≤25
5.3.3.2对于前风窗用塑玻复合材料及钢化安全玻璃，冲击后试样应符合表6的规定。
表6 前风窗用塑玻复合材料及钢化安全玻璃的抗冲击性要求
种类 冲击后的试样状态
塑玻复合材料 a) 冲击后试样可以产生裂纹或裂缝；
b) 钢球不应穿透试样；
c) 试样不应断成几块
钢化安全玻璃 试样不应破坏
5.3.3.3 对于前风窗以外玻璃，冲击后试样应符合表7的规定。
表7 前风窗以外玻璃的抗冲击性要求
种类 冲击后的试样状态
夹层安全玻璃 a) 钢球不应穿透试样。
b) 试样不应断裂成几块。
c) 在冲击点反侧正对着冲击点的部位，玻璃剥落的面积应小于645mn2，且该区域的中间层表面应被牢固粘接的玻璃细小碎片所覆盖。冲击试样两侧玻璃剥落的总面积应不大于1935mm2
塑玻复合材料刚性塑料玻璃 a) 冲击后试样可以产生裂纹或裂缝；
b) 钢球不应穿透试样；
c) 试样不应断裂成几块
钢化安全玻璃 试样不应破坏
5.4 破坏安全要求
5.4.1 碎片状态
钢化安全玻璃碎片状态应符合下列a)～c)的规定。试样边缘20mm范围内以及以冲击点为圆心、以75mm为半径的圆内为非评价区。除去非评价区后，如果试样的评价区内不能完整包含50mm×50mm的正方形评价框时，碎片状态应符合下列b)和c)的规定。
a) 在任一50mm×50mm的正方形内的碎片数应不少于40块。
b) 不应有超过3cm2的碎片。
c) 不应有长度超过100mm的长条碎片。对于长度不大于100mm的长条碎片，其端部不应是尖角状。当长条碎片的一端进入试样边缘20mm范围时，该碎片或其延长线与边缘形成的角度应不大于45°。
5.4.2 耐燃烧性能
塑玻复合材料、刚性塑料玻璃和贴膜玻璃的燃烧结果及要求见表8。
表8 燃烧结果及要求
燃烧结果 要求
A—0mm/min 允许
B 允许
C—燃烧速度实测值(mm/min) 燃烧速度实测值≤70
D—燃烧速度实测值(mm/min) 燃烧速度实测值≤70
E 不允许
5.4.3 耐化学侵蚀性能
5.4.3.1 对于塑玻复合材料和贴膜玻璃，试验后试样不应出现软化、胶粘、龟裂或其他可视缺陷。
5.4.3.2 对于刚性塑料玻璃，试验后试样不应出现软化、胶粘、龟裂或其他可视缺陷。对于用于驾驶员视区部位刚性塑料玻璃，侵蚀后需进行划格试验，划格试验切割值等级应为Gt1或Gt0。
5.5 环境耐久性安全要求
5.5.1 抗磨性能
抗磨性能应符合表9的规定。
表9 抗磨性能要求
种类 应用部位 试验面 因磨耗而引起的雾度差值
夹层安全玻璃 前风窗及驾驶员视区部位 外表面 ≤2％
塑玻复合材料 前风窗及驾驶员 视区部位 外表面(玻璃面) ≤2％
内表面(塑料面) ≤4％
刚性塑料玻璃 驾驶员视区部位 外表面 ≤2％
内表面 ≤4％
贴膜玻璃 前风窗及驾驶员视区部位(内贴膜) 内表面 ≤4％
5.5.2 耐热性能
对于夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料，试验后试样允许有裂口存在，但超出原边15mm、新切边25mm或超出裂口10mm的部分不应产生气泡或其他可视缺陷。
5.5.3 耐辐照性能
5.5.3.1 对于前风窗及驾驶员视区部位用贴膜玻璃，试验后试样除应符合GB/T 31849—2015中5.10的规定外，还应符合5.2.1的规定。
5.5.3.2 对于前风窗及驾驶员视区部位用夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料，试验后试样应同时符合下列a)和b)的规定；对于其他部位用夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料，试验后试样应符合b)的规定：
a) 试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值应不小于95％，且试验后的可见光透射比应不小于70％；
b) 不应有变色、出泡、脱胶、浑浊或其他可视缺陷。
5.5.4 耐湿性能
试验后，试样应符合表10的规定。
表10 耐湿性能试验
材料种类 试验后试样状态
夹层安全玻璃塑玻复合材料 超出原边10mm或新切边15mm的部分不应有变色、出泡、浑浊或其他可视缺陷
刚性塑料玻璃 对于驾驶员视区部位用刚性塑料玻璃，应同时符合下列a)～c)的规定，对于其他部位用刚性 塑料玻璃应同时符合下列b)和c)的规定：
a) 试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值应不小于95％，且试验后的可见光透射比应不小于70％。
b) 不应有出泡、浑浊或其他可视缺陷。
c) 耐湿老化后的试样进行常温冲击试验。试验后试样可以产生裂纹或裂缝，但钢球不应穿透，且试样不应断裂成分离的几块
5.5.5 耐温度变化性能
塑玻复合材料试验后，试样不应有裂纹、浑浊、脱胶或其他显著变化。
5.5.6 耐模拟气候性能
对于驾驶员视区部位用刚性塑料玻璃应同时符合下列a)～c)的要求；对于其他部位用刚性塑料玻璃应符合c)的要求：
a) 试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值应不小于95％，且试验后的可见光透射比应不小于70％；
b) 划格试验切割值等级应至少为Gt1或Gt0；
c) 不应出现气泡、分解、浑浊、显著变色或其他可视缺陷。
5.5.7 挥发性有机物
贴膜玻璃的膜的挥发性有机物含量应不大于0.05mg/cm2。
6 试验方法
6.1 总则
如果检验项目对试样性能不产生影响，则该试样可以用来继续进行其他项目的试验。当用特制试验片进行试验时，试验片应是与制品同厚度、同材料、在同一工艺条件下生产出来的。
6.2 视野安全性能试验
6.2.1 可见光透射比
按GB/T 5137.2规定的方法进行试验。以制品为试样时，测量试验区较平部位；对于抬头显示风窗玻璃制品，测量试验区较平、较厚部位。
6.2.2 光畸变
按GB/T 5137.2规定的方法进行试验。当车窗洞口的位置不能在前风窗玻璃表面明示时，以前风窗玻璃边缘为准。
6.2.3 副像偏离
按GB/T 5137.2规定的方法进行试验。当车窗洞口的位置不能在前风窗玻璃表面明示时，以前风窗玻璃边缘为准。
6.3 强度安全性能试验
6.3.1 人头模型冲击性能
按GB/T 5137.1规定的方法进行试验。对夹层安全玻璃、塑玻复合材料及安全中空玻璃进行无减速测定的人头模型冲击试验，对刚性塑料玻璃进行带减速测定的人头模型冲击试验。
6.3.2 抗穿透性能
按GB/T 5137.1规定的方法进行试验。
6.3.3 抗冲击性能
按GB/T 5137.1规定的方法进行试验。其中，刚性塑料玻璃只进行低温试验。
6.4 破坏安全性能试验
6.4.1 碎片状态
按GB/T 5137.1规定的方法进行试验。
6.4.2 耐燃烧性能
按GB/T 5137.3规定的方法对塑玻复合材料和刚性塑料玻璃进行试验。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.13规定的方法对贴膜玻璃进行试验。
6.4.3 耐化学侵蚀性能
按GB/T 5137.5中规定的方法对塑玻复合材料进行浸泡法试验，对刚性塑料玻璃进行浸泡法和负重法试验。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.11规定的方法对贴膜玻璃进行试验。
6.5 环境耐久性安全性能试验
6.5.1 抗磨性能
按GB/T 5137.1规定的方法进行试验。对于厚度超过20mm的制品，可以采用制品待磨面材料制成的平型试验片为试样，试样待磨表面状态应与制品相同。对于贴膜玻璃，将100mm×100mm的膜装贴在同样尺寸可见光透射比为(89±1)％的3mm平板玻璃上制成试样，样品数量为3块。试验的装置器具和程序应符合GB/T 5137.1的规定。所磨表面为贴膜面，转数为100r。
6.5.2 耐热性能
按GB/T 5137.3规定的方法进行试验。
6.5.3 耐辐照性能
按GB/T 5137.3规定的方法对夹层安全玻璃和塑玻复合材料进行试验，并计算试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值，以百分数表示，精确至小数点后一位。按GB/T 31849—2015中6.10规定的方法对贴膜玻璃进行试验。
6.5.4 耐湿性能
按GB/T 5137.3规定的方法进行试验。计算刚性塑料玻璃试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值，以百分数表示，精确至小数点后一位。
6.5.5 耐温度变化性能
按GB/T 5137.5规定的方法进行试验。
6.5.6 耐模拟气候性能
按GB/T 5137.3规定的方法进行试验，并计算试验后可见光透射比与试验前可见光透射比的比值，以百分数表示，精确至小数点后一位。
6.5.7 挥发性有机物
按GB/T 31849—2015中附录C规定的方法进行试验。
7 判定规则
7.1 单项判定
各项安全性能检验项目的单项判定按附录B的规定进行。
7.2 综合判定
当各项安全性能均符合要求时，判定该产品安全性能合格，否则为不合格。
