![]() |
中标分类
行业分类
ICS分类
最新标准
|
登录注册 |
您的位置: 标准明细 |
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. In accordance with the requirements of Notice on Printing the Plan of Development, Revision and Relevant Works of National Engineering Construction Standards and Codes in 2017 (JIANBIAO [2016] No. 248) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, this standard was developed by the drafting group through extensive investigation, careful summarization of practical experience, reference to relevant international standards and foreign advanced standards and on the basis of widely soliciting for opinions. The main technical contents of this standard are: general provisions, terms and symbols, main parameters, resistances to motion of belt conveyor, belt tensions and driving power, starting and stopping, declined belt conveyors, main components, safety protection devices, system arrangements, electrical and controls, optimal designs and dynamic performance evaluations, accessories, firefighting and environmental protection, engineering construction, engineering acceptance, etc. The main technical contents of the revision of this standard are: 1. The engineering design of horizontal curve belt conveyor, U-shape belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor, as well as the engineering construction and acceptance of belt conveyor are added to the scope in the general provisions. 2. The clause on symbols is revised to terms and symbols, and a subclause of terms is added. 3. Main parameters: (1) The calculation of the relation between the theoretical capacity and the design capacity of the belt conveyor and the calculation method of the theoretical capacity of the 4-idler and 5-idler sets of the ordinary belt conveyor are added; (2) The calculation method of theoretical capacity and design capacity of U-shape belt conveyor is added; (3) The calculation method of theoretical capacity and design capacity of pipe belt conveyor and the requirements of filling coefficient of pipe belt conveyor are added; (4) The belt speed requirements of U-shape belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor are added; (5) The maximum particle size requirements of U-shape belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor are added. 4. Resistances to motion of belt conveyor: (1) The calculation methods of total resistance to motion, major resistance, additional resistance, special resistance and lifting resistance of ordinary belt conveyor according to sections are added; (2) Various resistance calculation methods of horizontal curve belt conveyor, U-shape belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor are added; (3) The major special resistance and additional special resistance are combined into special resistance; (4) The calculation method of frictional resistance between material and side wall of skirt board is modified; (5) The calculation method of additional bending resistance of convex arc section is added; (6) The calculation method of frictional resistance between the belt and sealed apron of the skirt board. (7) The calculation method of frictional resistance of buffer bed is added. 5. In the clause of “starting and stopping”, the checking method for materials not sliding relatively on the conveyor belt is added. 6. Belt: (1) The selection principle of belt is revised, and the belt is incorporated into the clause of “main components”; (2) The selection requirements of belts for belt conveyor in ground gallery and tunnel are added; (3) The selection requirements of belts for pipe belt conveyor are added; (4) The method of calculating the safety coefficient of conveyor belt according to the characteristics and fatigue strength of conveyor belt joints is added; (5) The provisions on calculating joints of steel cord belts and belts of textile construction in the annex are deleted. 7. Main components: (1) The requirements for the length of the pulley of the pipe belt conveyor are added; (2) The arrangement and type of idler set in curve section of horizontal curve belt conveyor are added; (3) The arrangement, type, spacing and length of idler set of U-shape belt conveyor are added; (4) The arrangement, type, spacing and length of idler set of pipe belt conveyor are added; (5) The requirements for the frame of the curve section of the horizontal curve belt conveyor and the frame of the pipe belt conveyor are added. 8. Safety protection devices: (1) The mandatory provisions of safety protection devices in transmission lines are modified; (2) The requirements for the safety protection of the pipe belt conveyor are added; 9. System arrangements: (1) The requirements for the maximum allowable inclination angle of belt conveyor are added; (2) The calculation method of trough transition section length of ordinary belt conveyor and horizontal curve belt conveyor is added; (3) The arrangement of receiving section, the length of trough transition section and the minimum curvature radius of convex arc section of U-shape belt conveyor are added; (4) The arrangement and length of receiving section and trough transition section, the arrangement and calculation method of horizontal curve section and vertical curve section of pipe belt conveyor are added; (5) The calculation method of minimum curvature radius of convex arc section of ordinary belt conveyor and horizontal curve belt conveyor is added; (6) The requirements for the arrangement of horizontal curve section and minimum radius of curvature of horizontal curve belt conveyor and U-shape belt conveyor are added. 10. A subclause on intelligent control is added to the clause of “electrical and control”, and electrical protection and communication are combined into one subclause. 11. The clause of “optimal design and dynamic analysis” is renamed as “optimal design and dynamic performance evaluations”, and the subclause is deleted. 12. The clause of “ancillary equipment” is renamed as “accessories”. 13. The clause of “fire protection and dust prevention” is renamed as “firefighting and environmental protection”, and a subclause of “noise and light pollution control” is added. 14. The clause of “engineering construction” is added, which contains general requirements, construction and test running. 15. The clause of “engineering acceptance” is added, which contains engineering division and engineering acceptance. The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly. Technical standard for belt conveyor engineering 1 General provisions 1.0.1 This standard is developed for the purpose of unifying and standardizing the engineering design, construction and acceptance of belt conveyor, ensuring engineering quality, ensuring safe production, and achieving advanced technology and economic rationality. 1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the engineering design, construction and acceptance of ordinary belt conveyor, horizontal curve belt conveyor, U-shape belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor. This standard is not applicable to the engineering design, construction and acceptance of special belt conveyors with steel wire rope traction and air cushion, etc. 1.0.3 The bulk density of bulk materials transported by belt conveyor should be 0.50 t/m3 to 2.80 t/m3, the material temperature should not be higher than 60°C, and the operating environment temperature should be −25°C to +40°C. When the above limit is exceeded, corresponding measures shall be taken. 1.0.4 In addition to this standard, the engineering design, construction and acceptance of belt conveyor shall also meet the requirements of relevant current national standards. 2 Terms and symbols 2.1 Terms 2.1.1 ordinary belt conveyor belt conveyor whose horizontal plane is projected as straight line 2.1.2 horizontal curve belt conveyor belt conveyor with curved sections projected on horizontal plane 2.1.3 U-shape belt conveyor belt conveyor which is supported by a polygonal idler set composed of several idlers, and part or all of the conveyor belts have a U-shaped cross section 2.1.4 pipe belt conveyor belt conveyor which is supported by a polygonal idler set composed of several idlers and whose belt has a circular cross section 2.1.5 theoretical capacity theoretical volume or mass of materials transported per unit time at the maximum permissible carrying capacity of belt conveyor 2.1.6 design capacity volume or mass of materials transported by belt conveyor per unit time required by engineering design 2.1.7 large sized belt conveyor belt conveyor with two or more characteristics of total driving power not less than 1,500 kW, conveying capacity not less than 3,000 t/h and length not less than 1,500m 2.1.8 small-sized belt conveyor belt conveyor with two or more characteristics of total driving power not greater than 75 kW, conveying capacity not greater than 500 t/h and length not more than 200m 2.1.9 long distance belt conveyor belt conveyor with length not less than 3,000m 2.1.10 short distance belt conveyor belt conveyor with length not greater than 80m 2.1.11 complex belt conveyor belt conveyor with three or more characteristics of three or more variable slope sections, horizontal curve sections, multi-point driving units or braking units and length not less than 1,500m 2.1.12 high speed belt conveyor belt conveyor with belt speed not less than 5 m/s 2.1.13 belt misalignment detector device for detecting transverse displacement overrun in conveyor belt operation 2.2 Symbols 2.2.1 Cross-sectional area, conveying capacity: A——Theoretical cross-sectional areas of the material on the conveyor belt; A1——Upper cross-sectional area of the material on the conveyor belt; A2——Central cross-sectional area of the material on the conveyor belt (4-idler, 5-idler); A3——Lower cross-sectional area of the material on the conveyor belt (2-idler to 5-idler); AN——Cross-sectional area of the material on the conveyor belt with design capacity; ATC——Cross-sectional area of the material on the idler in the middle of the curve section; ATI——Cross-sectional area of the material on idlers at inner curve side; ATO——Cross-sectional area of the material on idlers at outer curve side; Im——Design mass capacity of belt conveyor per second; Q——Design capacity; Qm——Theoretical capacity by mass; QV——Theoretical capacity by volume. 2.2.2 Geometric characteristics, material characteristics: aO——Spacing between idler sets in upper branch; aU——Spacing between idler sets in lower branch; AGr——Contact area between the cleaner and belt; b——Effective width of materials on conveyor belt; b1——Width of skirt board; b2——Lap width of pipe belt; b3——Width between the edges of the inner curve and the outer curve of the belt; bS——Width of the belt supported on the side idler; bWe——Ratio of lap width of pipe belt to actual pipe diameter; B——Belt width; d0——Inner diameter of pulley bearing; d1——Maximum particle size of material; dB——Thickness of textile fabric layer of belt or the diameter of steel wire rope of belt; dg——Nominal pipe diameter (outer diameter) of pipe belt conveyor; dm——Average particle size of the material; dR——Diameter of idler; dS——Actual pipe diameter (outer diameter) of pipe belt conveyor; D——Pulley diameter; Di——Diameter of the ith pulley; DTr——Reference value of pulley diameter; hi——Height difference of section i; hk——Distance between the plane formed by the edges on both sides of the belt and the bus on the trough bottom idler; hk1——Distance between the plane formed by the edges on both sides of the belt and the bus on the pulley; hr, max——Maximum sag of belt between two adjacent idler sets; hTr——Distance between the bus plane on the pulley and the bus plane on the trough bottom idler; l2——Length of the lower side idler of the bearing idler set (4-idler, 5-idler); l3——Length of the middle idler of bearing idler set (3-idler, 5-idler); lb——Length of skirt board; lbi——Length of skirt board in the acceleration zone of the receiving section; lbo——Length of skirt board outside the acceleration zone of the receiving section; lC——Spacing of idler sets in curve section; li——Length of the section i; lI——Contact length between the idler at inner curve side of idler set and the belt; lN——Additional travel for belt installation; lO——Contact length between the idler at outer curve side of idler set and the belt; lo, 1——Length of the upper branch section 0–1; lo, 2——Length of the upper branch section 1–2; lp——Spacing between idler and window frame plate; lPt——Minimum length of transition section of pipe belt conveyor; lu, 1——Length of the lower branch section 0–1; lu, 2——Length of the lower branch section 1–2; lS——Spacing of idler sets in straight section; lSbn——Length of buffer bed section; lSp——Take-up travel of the take-up pulley; lt——Minimum length of belt turnover section; lTd, min——Minimum length reference value of trough transition section; L——Length of belt conveyor (the unfolding length between the center lines of head and tail pulleys); L1——Total length of pipe belt conveyor; LS——Minimum length of straight line between the two curve sections; R1——Curvature radius of convex arc section; R2——Curvature radius of concave arc section; R3——Minimum curvature radius of horizontal curve section; Rmin——Minimum curvature radius; t——Thickness of belt; t1——Spacing between steel wire ropes of belt; W——Opening size of U-shape conveyor belt; α——Center angle corresponding to the convex arc (concave arc) section; αc——Center angle corresponding to horizontal curve section; αci——Central angle corresponding to the horizontal curve section of section j; γ——Elevation angle of the inner curve side of idler set; δ——Inclination angle of belt conveyor; δi——Inclination angle of section i; ε——Forward inclination angle of idler; εi——Forward inclination angle of the idler on section i; △lTd——Additional length of transition section; θ——Angle of move of materials; λ——Trough angle of trough idler set; λ1——Trough angle of lower side idler of the trough idler set (4-idler, 5-idler); λ2——Trough angle of lower side idler of the trough idler set (extended idler side); λ3——Trough angle of upper side idler of the idler set (new added idler side); ρ——Bulk density of bulk materials; φ——Enclosure angle of the belt on the driving pulley. 2.2.3 Motion parameters, power and efficiency: a——Average acceleration (deceleration) of the belt; aB——Deceleration of braking stopping; fpl——First-order natural frequency of the belt; fpn——n-order natural frequency of the belt; fr——Rotation frequency of idler; g——Gravitational acceleration; v——Belt speed; v0——Speed component from feeding to the running direction of conveyor belt; PA——Shaft power of the driving pulley; PM——Total power required for the drive motor; η——Driving efficiency from the brake wheel to the driving pulley; η1——Driving efficiency of driving system under electric condition; η2——Driving efficiency of the drive system under power generation condition. 2.2.4 Tension, resistance, torque and strength: E0——Tensile stiffness of conveyor belt; ELGK——Longitudinal elastic modulus of the conveyor belt; F——Average tension of the belt on the pulley; F1——Tight-side tension between the belt and pulley; F2——Slack-side tension between the belt and pulley; FA——Total inertial force of the moving body of belt conveyor; FbA——Inertial resistance of materials in receiving section and frictional resistance between the material and belt; FbA, o, i——Inertial resistance of the materials in receiving section of the lower branch section i and frictional resistance between the material and the belt; FbA, u, i——Inertial resistance of the materials in receiving section of the lower branch section i and frictional resistance between the material and the belt; FB——Brake force of braking stopping; FBE——Driving peripheral force on the driving pulley during force reduction stopping; FC1——Belt tension at the start point of convex arc section; FC2——Belt tension at the end point of convex arc section; FCh——Maximum tension of conveyor belt in horizontal curve section; FCh1, o, i——Belt tension at the start point of the horizontal curve section of upper branch section i; FCh2, o, i——Belt tension at the end point of the horizontal curve section of upper branch section i; FCh1, u, i——Belt tension at the start point of the horizontal curve section of lower branch section i; FCh2, u, i——Belt tension at the end point of the horizontal curve section of lower branch section i; Fe——Allowable tension of conveyor belt; Ff——Frictional resistance between the material in the acceleration zone of receiving section and the side walls of skirt board; Ff, o, i——Frictional resistance between the materials in the acceleration zone of receiving section of the upper branch section i and the side walls of skirt board; Ff, u, i——Frictional resistance between the materials in the acceleration zone of receiving section of the upper branch section i and the side walls of skirt board; Fg——Tension of the conveyor belt at the natural frequency; Fgl——Frictional resistance between the material outside the acceleration zone of receiving section and the side walls of skirt board; Fgl, o, i——Frictional resistance between the materials outside the acceleration zone of receiving section of the upper branch section i and the side walls of skirt board; Fgl,u,i——Frictional resistance between the materials outside the acceleration zone of receiving section of the upper branch section i and the side walls of skirt board; FH——Major resistance; FH, i——Major resistance of section i; FH, o——Major resistance of upper branch; FH, o, i——Major resistance of upper branch section i; FH, u——Major resistance of lower branch; FH, u, i——Major resistance of lower branch section i; Fi——Tension at point i in the operating direction of belt; Fi—1——Tension at point i–1 of the belt; F(i—1)~i——Resistances to motion to the section from point i–1 to point i of the belt; Flc——Bending resistance of conveyor belt winding the pulley; Flc, o, i——Bending resistance of the belt on the upper branch section i winding the pulley; Flc, u, i——Bending resistance of the belt on the lower branch section i winding the pulley; FIO——Vector sum of the tight-side tension and slack-side tension acting on the pulley belt and the gravity of the rotating part of the pulley; Fmax——Maximum tension of the belt for stable operation; Fmin——Minimum tension of belt for stable operation; FN——Additional resistance; FN, o——Additional resistances of the upper branch; FN, o, i——Additional resistances of upper branch section i; FN, u——Major resistance of lower branch; FN, u, i——Additional resistances of lower branch section i; FP——Pipe forming resistance of the belt; FPt——Frictional resistance of plough unloader; FPt, o, i——Frictional resistance of the plough unloader on the upper branch section i; FPt, u, i——Frictional resistance of the plough unloader on the upper branch section i; Fr——Frictional resistance of belt cleaner; Fr, o, i——Frictional resistance of the belt cleaner on the upper branch section i; Fr, u, i——Frictional resistance of the belt cleaner on the lower branch section i; FR——Rigid resistance of the belt; FRF——Balance force produced by axial friction between conveyor belt and idler; FS——Special resistance; FSbn——Frictional resistance of buffer bed; FShn, o, i——Frictional resistance of the buffer bed on the upper branch section i; FSbn, u, i——Frictional resistance of the buffer bed on the upper branch section i; FSk——Frictional resistance between the belt and sealed apron of the skirt board; FSk, o, i——Frictional resistance between the belt and sealed apron of skirt board on the upper branch section i; FSk, u, i——Frictional resistance between the belt and sealed apron of skirt board on the lower branch section i; FS, o——Special resistance of upper branch; FS, o, i——Special resistance of upper branch section i; FSP——Take-up force of the take-up pulley; FSt——Lifting resistance; FSt, i——Lifting resistance of section i; FSt, o——Lifting resistance of the upper branch; FSt, o, i——Lifting resistance of the upper branch section i; FSt, u——Lifting resistance of the lower branch; FSt, u, i——Lifting resistance of the lower branch section i; FS, u——Special resistance of lower branch; FS, u, i——Special resistance of lower branch section i; Ft——Resistance to bearing of non-driving pulley; Ft, o, i——Resistance to bearing of non-driving pulley on the upper branch section i; Ft, u, i——Resistance to bearing of non-driving pulley on the lower branch section i; FT——Horizontal centripetal force generated by belt tension in horizontal cure section; FTC——Horizontal centripetal force of belt on intermediate idler of curve section of idler set; FTI——Horizontal centripetal force of the belt on the idler at inner curve side of idler set; FTC——Normal force of belt on the intermediate idler of the idler set in the curve section; FTNI——Normal force of the belt on the idler at inner curve side of idler set; FTNO——Normal force of the belt on the idler at outer curve side of idler set; FTO——Horizontal centripetal force of the belt on the idler at outer curve side of idler set; FTP——Total axial force of the belt on idler set; FTPC——the axial force of belt on intermediate idler of curve section of idler set; FTPI——Axial force of the belt on the idler at inner curve side of idler set; FTPO——Axial force of the belt on the idler at outer curve side of idler set; FTr——Peripheral force of the driving pulley under stable operation; FTrA——Peripheral force of driving pulley under starting condition; RTrB——Peripheral force of driving pulley under braking condition; FU——Total resistances to motion; FU, o, i——Resistances to motion of section 0–1 of upper branch; FU, o, i——Resistances to motion of section 1–2 of upper branch; FU, o, i——Resistances to motion of upper branch section i; FU, u, 1——Resistances to motion of section 0–1 of lower branch; FU, u, 2——Resistances to motion of section 1–2 of lower branch; FU, u, i——Resistances to motion of lower branch section i; FWB——Sliding force of belt along the axial direction of idler; FWc——Additional bending resistance of convex arc section; FWc, o, i——Additional bending resistances of the convex arc section on the upper branch section i; FWc, u, i——Additional bending resistances of the convex arc section on the lower branch section i; FWh——Additional resistance in horizontal curve section; FWc——Additional resistance of horizontal curve section of section i; FWh, o——Additional resistance of the horizontal curve section of upper branch; FWh, u——Additional resistance of the horizontal curve section of lower branch; FWh, o, i——Additional resistance of the horizontal curve section of upper branch section i; FWh, u, i——Additional resistance of the horizontal curve section of lower branch section i; FWM——Sliding force of material along the axial direction of idler. Fε, i——Forward tilting frictional resistance of the idler on section i; Fε, o, i——Forward tilting frictional resistance of the idler on the upper branch section i; Fε, u, i——Forward tilting frictional resistance of the idler on the lower branch section i; k——Average stress of conveyor belt; kK, max——Maximum stress at the edge of the conveyor belt; kk, a, max——Maximum stress at the belt edge under unstable operating conditions; kk, zul——Allowable stress at the edge of belt in transition section; kM——Stress of the central area of the belt; kN——Nominal breaking strength or tensile strength of the belt; kt——Reference fatigue strength of conveyor belt joint; M——Rated backstop torque of backstops; MB——Brake torque of the brake wheel; Δk——Stress difference between the edge and the central area of the belt; 2.2.5 Mass, inertia, load and pressure: JD, i——Moment of inertia of the i-th rotating part of the driving unit; Jf——Moment of inertia of flywheels; Ji——Moment of inertia of the ith pulley; mD——Equivalent mass of the rotating components of the belt conveyor converted into linear motion of the belt; mf——Equivalent mass of the flying wheel converted into linear motion of the belt; m(i—1)~i——Equivalent mass of the moving body of the section from point i–1 to point i of the belt; mL——Equivalent mass of the moving body of the belt conveyor in linear motion; PBp——Allowable specific pressure of the conveyor belt; pBs——Allowable specific pressure under the steel wire rope of steel cord conveyor belt; PGr——Pressure between sweeper and conveyor belt; POs——Static load of the upper branch idler; POm——Dynamic load of the upper branch idler; pSk——Effective positive pressure per unit length between belt and sealed apron; PUs——Static load of the lower branch idler; PUm——Dynamic load of the lower branch idler; qB——Mass per unit length of belt; qG——Mass per unit length of material on belt; qG, i——Mass per unit length of material on belt of section i; qG, o, i——Mass per unit length of materials on the belt in the upper branch section i; qG, u, i——Mass per unit length of materials on the belt in the lower branch section i; qR, i——Mass per unit length of the rotating part of idler of section i; qRO——Mass per unit length of the rotating part of upper branch idler; qRO, i——Mass per unit length of the rotating part of the idler in the upper branch section i; qRU——Mass per unit length of the rotating part of lower branch idler; qRU, i——Mass per unit length of the rotating part of the idler in the lower branch section i; Foreword i 1 General provisions 2 Terms and symbols 2.1 Terms 2.2 Symbols 3 Main parameters 3.1 Belt conveyor capacities 3.2 Belt speeds 3.3 Belt widths 4 Resistances to motion of belt conveyor 4.1 Resistances to motion of belt conveyor 4.2 Peripheral force required on the driving pulley 5 Belt tensions and driving power 5.1 Belt tensions 5.2 Tension calculation at belt’s each feature spot 5.3 Power of drive motor 5.4 Driving power distributions 5.5 Take-up forces 6 Starting and stopping 6.1 Inertial forces 6.2 Starting acceleration 6.3 Stopping deceleration 7 Declined belt conveyors 7.1 General requirements 7.2 Starting and braking 8 Main components 8.1 Belts 8.2 Pulleys 8.3 Idler set 8.4 Frames 8.5 Drive devices 8.6 Belt takeups 8.7 Brakes and backstops 8.8 Cleaners 9 Safety protection devices 9.1 General requirements 9.2 Emergency switches 9.3 Conveyor belt protections 9.4 Material flow detectors 9.5 Protections of declined belt conveyor and pipe belt conveyor 10 System arrangements 10.1 General requirements 10.2 Receiving material 10.3 Discharging material 10.4 Transition sections 10.5 Curves 10.6 Belt turnovers 10.7 Transfer stations and drive stations 10.8 Galleries and tunnels 11 Electrical and controls 11.1 Power supply 11.2 Power distribution 11.3 Single machine control 11.4 Centralized control 11.5 Intelligent control 11.6 Electrical protections and communication 12 Optimal designs and dynamic performance evaluations 13 Accessories 14 Firefighting and environmental protection 14.1 Firefighting 14.2 Dust prevention and control 14.3 Cleaning 14.4 Noise and light pollution control 15 Engineering construction 15.1 General requirements 15.2 Construction 15.3 Test running 16 Engineering acceptance 16.1 Engineering division 16.2 Engineering acceptance Annex A Theoretical cross-sectional areas of the material on the belt of ordinary belt conveyor Annex B Calculation of idler load Explanation of wording in this standard List of quoted standards 1 总则 1.0.1 为统一和规范带式输送机工程设计、施工和验收,确保工程质量,保障安全生产,做到技术先进和经济合理,制定本标准。 1.0.2 本标准适用于普通带式输送机、水平转弯带式输送机、U型带式输送机和管状带式输送机的工程设计、施工和验收。 本标准不适用于钢丝绳牵引、气垫等特殊带式输送机的工程设计、施工和验收。 1.0.3 带式输送机输送散状物料的堆积密度宜为0.50t/m3~2.80t/m3,物料温度不宜高于60℃,工作环境温度宜为—25℃~+40℃。当超出上述范围时,应采取相应的措施。 1.0.4 带式输送机工程设计、施工和验收除应符合本标准外,尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。 2 术语和符号 2.1 术语 2.1.1 普通带式输送机 ordinary belt conveyor 水平面投影为直线的带式输送机。 2.1.2 水平转弯带式输送机 horizontal curve belt conveyor 水平面投影有曲线段的带式输送机。 2.1.3 U型带式输送机 U-shape belt conveyor 由数个托辊组成多边形托辊组支承,部分或全部长度的输送带呈U形横截面的带式输送机。 2.1.4 管状带式输送机 pipe belt conveyor 由数个托辊组成多边形托辊组支承,输送带呈圆形横截面的带式输送机。 2.1.5 理论输送量 theoretical capacity 带式输送机在最大允许承载量时,单位时间输送物料的理论 体积或质量。 2.1.6 设计输送量 design capacity 工程设计要求带式输送机单位时间输送物料的体积或质量。 2.1.7 大型带式输送机 large sized belt conveyor 同时具有总驱动功率不小于1500kW、输送量不小于3000t/h、长度不小于1500m中的两项及以上特征的带式输送机。 2.1.8 小型带式输送机 small-sized belt conveyor 同时具有总驱动功率不大于75kw、输送量不大于500t/h、长度不大于200m中的两项及以上特征的带式输送机。 2.1.9 长距离带式输送机 long distance belt conveyor 长度不小于3000m的带式输送机。 2.1.10 短距离带式输送机 short distance belt conveyor 长度不大于80m的带式输送机。 2.1.11 复杂带式输送机 complex belt conveyor 同时具有三个及以上变坡段、有水平转弯段、多点驱动单元或制动单元、长度不小于1500m中的三项及以上特征的带式输送机。 2.1.12 高速带式输送机 high speed belt conveyor 带速不小于5m/s的带式输送机。 2.1.13 输送带跑偏检测装置 belt misalignment detector 检测输送带运行中横向位移量超限的装置。 2.2 符号 2.2.1 横截面积、输送量: A——输送带承载物料的理论横截面积; A1——输送带承载物料的上部横截面积; A2——输送带承载物料的中部横截面积(4托辊、5托辊); A3——输送带承载物料的下部横截面积(2托辊~5托辊); AN——设计输送量输送带承载物料的横截面积; ATC——曲线段中间托辊承载物料的横截面积; ATI——内曲线侧托辊承载物料的横截面积; ATO——外曲线侧托辊承载物料的横截面积; Im——带式输送机每秒设计质量输送量; Q——设计输送量; Qm——理论质量输送量; QV——理论体积输送量。 2.2.2 几何特征、物料特性: aO——上分支托辊组的问距; aU——下分支托辊组的间距; AGr——清扫器与输送带的接触面积; b——输送带承载物料的有效宽度; b1——导料槽的宽度; b2——管状输送带搭接宽度; b3——输送带内曲线和外曲线边缘间的宽度; bS——支承在侧辊上的输送带部分的宽度; bWe——管状输送带搭接宽度与实际管径之比; B——带宽; d0——滚筒轴承的内径; d1——物料的最大粒度; dB——输送带的织物芯层厚度或输送带的钢丝绳直径; dg——管状带式输送机的名义管径(外径); dm——物料的平均粒度; dR——托辊直径; dS——管状带式输送机的实际管径(外径); D——滚筒直径; Di——第i个滚筒的直径; DTr——滚筒直径基准值; hi——区段i的高差; hk——输送带两侧边缘构成的平面与槽底托辊上母线的距离; hk1——输送带两侧边缘构成的平面与滚筒上母线的距离; hr,max——输送带在两相邻托辊组间的最大垂度; hTr——滚筒上母线与槽底托辊上母线平面的距离; l2——承载托辊组下侧辊的长度(4托辊、5托辊); l3——承载托辊组中间辊的长度(3托辊、5托辊); lb——导料槽长度; lbi——受料段加速区的导料槽长度; lbo——受料段加速区外的导料槽长度; lC——曲线段托辊组的间距; li——区段i的长度; lI——托辊组内曲线侧托辊与输送带的接触长度; lN——输送带安装附加行程; lO——托辊组外曲线侧托辊与输送带的接触长度; lo,1——上分支0~1区段的长度; lo,2——上分支1~2区段的长度; lp——托辊窗框板的间距; lPt——管状带式输送机过渡段的最小长度; lu,1——下分支0~1区段的长度; lu,2——下分支1~2区段的长度; lS——直线段托辊组的间距; lSbn——缓冲床段的长度; lSp——拉紧滚筒的拉紧行程; lt——输送带翻转段的最小长度; lTd,min——槽形过渡段的最小长度基准值; L——带式输送机长度(头尾滚筒中心线间的展开长度); L1——管状带式输送机的总长度; LS——两曲线段问的直线段最小长度; R1——凸弧段曲率半径; R2——凹弧段曲率半径; R3——水平转弯段最小曲率半径; Rmin——最小曲率半径; t——输送带厚度; t1——输送带的钢丝绳间距; W——U形输送带的开口尺寸; α——凸弧(凹弧)段对应的圆心角; αc——水平转弯段对应的圆心角; αci——区段j的水平转弯段对应的圆心角; γ——托辊组内曲线侧的抬高角; δ——带式输送机的倾角; δi——区段i的倾角; ε——托辊前倾角; εi——区段i的托辊前倾角; △lTd——过渡段的附加长度; θ——物料的动堆积角; λ——槽形托辊组的槽角; λ1——槽形托辊组下侧辊的槽角(4托辊、5托辊); λ2——槽形托辊组下侧辊的槽角(加长托辊侧); λ3——槽形托辊组上侧辊的槽角(增加的托辊侧); ρ——散状物料的堆积密度; φ——输送带在传动滚筒上的围包角。 2.2.3 运动参数、功率、效率: a——输送带平均加(减)速度; aB——制动停机减速度; fpl——输送带1阶固有频率; fpn——输送带n阶固有频率; fr——托辊的转动频率; g——重力加速度; v——带速; v0——给料到输送带运行方向的速度分量; PA——传动滚筒轴功率; PM——驱动电动机总功率; η——制动轮到传动滚筒的传动效率; η1——驱动系统电动工况时的传动效率; η2——驱动系统发电工况时的传动效率。 2.2.4 张力、阻力、力矩、强度: E0——输送带的拉伸刚度; ELGK——输送带纵向弹性模量; F——滚筒上输送带的平均张力; F1——输送带在滚筒绕入点的张力; F2——输送带在滚筒绕出点的张力; FA——带式输送机运动体的总惯性力; FbA——受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力; FbA,o,i——上分支区段i的受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力; FbA,u,i——下分支区段i的受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力; FB——制动停机制动力; FBE——减力停机时传动滚筒上的驱动圆周力; FC1——凸弧段起点的输送带张力; FC2——凸弧段终点的输送带张力; FCh——水平转弯段输送带的最大张力; FCh1,o,i——上分支区段i的水平转弯段起点的输送带张力; FCh2,o,i——上分支区段i的水平转弯段终点的输送带张力; FCh1,u,i——下分支区段i的水平转弯段起点的输送带张力; FCh2,u,i——下分支区段i的水平转弯段终点的输送带张力; Fe——输送带的许用张力; Ff——受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; Ff,o,i——上分支区段i的受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; Ff,u,i——下分支区段i的受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; Fg——计算固有频率处输送带张力; Fgl——受料段加速区外物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; Fgl,o,i——上分支区段i的受料段加速区外物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; Fgl,u,i——下分支区段i的受料段加速区外物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; FH——主要阻力; FH,i——区段i的主要阻力; FH,o——上分支的主要阻力; FH,o,i——上分支区段i的主要阻力; FH,u——下分支的主要阻力; FH,u,i——下分支区段i的主要阻力; Fi——输送带运行方向上第i点的张力; Fi—1——输送带第i—1点的张力; F(i—1)~i——输送带第i—1点到第i点区段的运行阻力; Flc——输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力; Flc,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力; Flc,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力; FIO——滚筒上输送带绕入点张力与绕出点张力和滚筒旋转部分所受重力的矢量和; Fmax——输送带稳定运行的最大张力; Fmin——输送带稳定运行的最小张力; FN——附加阻力; FN,o——上分支的附加阻力; FN,o,i——上分支区段i的附加阻力; FN,u——下分支的附加阻力; FN,u,i——下分支区段i的附加阻力; FP——输送带的成管阻力; FPt——犁式卸料器的摩擦阻力; FPt,o,i——上分支区段i的犁式卸料器的摩擦阻力; FPt,u,i——下分支区段i的犁式卸料器的摩擦阻力; Fr——输送带清扫器的摩擦阻力; Fr,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带清扫器的摩擦阻力; Fr,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带清扫器的摩擦阻力; FR——输送带的刚性阻力; FRF——输送带与托辊轴向摩擦所产生的平衡力; FS——特种阻力; FSbn——缓冲床的摩擦阻力; FShn,o,i——上分支区段i的缓冲床的摩擦阻力; FSbn,u,i——下分支区段i的缓冲床的摩擦阻力; FSk——输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力; FSk,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力; FSk,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力; FS,o——上分支的特种阻力; FS,o,i——上分支区段i的特种阻力; FSP——拉紧滚筒的拉紧力; FSt——提升阻力; FSt,i——区段i的提升阻力; FSt,o——上分支的提升阻力; FSt,o,i——上分支区段i的提升阻力; FSt,u——下分支的提升阻力; FSt,u,i——下分支区段i的提升阻力; FS,u——下分支的特种阻力; FS,u,i——下分支区段i的特种阻力; Ft——非传动滚筒的轴承阻力; Ft,o,i——上分支区段i的非传动滚筒轴承阻力; Ft,u,i——下分支区段i的非传动滚筒轴承阻力; FT——水平转弯段输送带张力产生的水平向心力; FTC——曲线段托辊组中间托辊上输送带的水平向心力; FTI——托辊组内曲线侧托辊上输送带的水平向心力; FTNC——曲线段托辊组中间托辊上输送带的法向力; FTNI——托辊组内曲线侧托辊上输送带的法向力; FTNO——托辊组外曲线侧托辊上输送带的法向力; FTO——托辊组外曲线侧托辊上输送带的水平向心力; FTP——托辊组上输送带的总轴向力; FTPC——曲线段托辊组中间托辊上输送带的轴向力; FTPI——托辊组内曲线侧托辊上输送带的轴向力; FTPO——托辊组外曲线侧托辊上输送带的轴向力; FTr——稳定运行传动滚筒的圆周力; FTrA——启动工况传动滚筒的圆周力; FTrB——制动工况传动滚筒的圆周力; FU——运行总阻力; FU,o,1——上分支0~1区段的运行阻力; FU,o,2——上分支1~2区段的运行阻力; FU,o,i——上分支区段i的运行阻力; FU,u,1——下分支0~1区段的运行阻力; FU,u,2——下分支1~2区段的运行阻力; FU,u,i——下分支区段i的运行阻力; FWB——输送带沿托辊轴向的下滑力; FWc——凸弧段的附加弯曲阻力; FWc,o,i——上分支区段i的凸弧段附加弯曲阻力; FWc,u,i——下分支区段i的凸弧段附加弯曲阻力; FWh——水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWh,i——区段i的水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWh,o——上分支水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWh,u——下分支水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWh,o,i——上分支区段i的水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWh,u,i——下分支区段i的水平转弯段的附加阻力; FWM——物料沿托辊轴向的下滑力; Fε,i——区段i的托辊前倾摩擦阻力; Fε,o,i——上分支区段i的托辊前倾摩擦阻力; Fε,u,i——下分支区段i的托辊前倾摩擦阻力; k——输送带的平均应力; kK,max——输送带边缘的最大应力; kk,a,max——非稳定运行条件下输送带边缘的最大应力; kk,zul——过渡段输送带边缘的许用应力; kM——输送带中心区域的应力; kN——输送带名义拉断强度或拉伸强度; kt——输送带接头的基准疲劳强度; M——逆止装置的额定逆止力矩; MB——制动轮的制动力矩; △k——输送带边缘的应力与输送带中心区域的应力差。 2.2.5 质量、惯量、载荷、压力: JD,i——驱动单元第i个转动部件的转动惯量; Jf——飞轮的转动惯量; Ji——第i个滚筒的转动惯量; mD——带式输送机转动部件转换到输送带上直线运动的等效质量; mf——飞轮转换到输送带上直线运动的等效质量; m(i—1)~i——输送带第i—1点到第i点区段的运动体的等效质量; mL——带式输送机运动体直线运动的等效质量; PBp——输送带许用比压; pBs——钢丝绳芯输送带钢丝绳下的许用比压; PGr——清扫器与输送带间的压强; POs——上分支托辊静载荷; POm——上分支托辊动载荷; pSk——输送带与密封裙板间的单位长度的有效正压力; PUs——下分支托辊静载荷; PUm——下分支托辊动载荷; qB——输送带单位长度的质量; qG——输送带上物料单位长度的质量; qG,i——区段i的输送带上物料单位长度的质量; qG,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带上物料单位长度的质量; qG,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带上物料单位长度的质量; qR,i——区段i的托辊转动部分单位长度的质量; qRO——上分支托辊转动部分单位长度的质量; qRO,i——上分支区段i的托辊转动部分单位长度的质量; qRU——下分支托辊转动部分单位长度的质量; qRU,i——下分支区段i的托辊转动部分单位长度的质量。 2.2.6 系数、无量纲参数: c1、c2、c3——计算系数; cK——基于输送带边缘应力确定的最小接头疲劳强度系数; cRank——侧压力系数; cSchb——受料段加速区内物料扰动引起的附加阻力系数; cTd——槽形过渡段的最小长度系数; cε——前倾阻力计算系数; cε,i——区段i的前倾阻力计算系数; C——附加阻力系数; C0——滚筒直径系数; e——自然对数的底; f——模拟摩擦系数; f0——基准模拟摩擦系数; f1——管径修正系数; f2——输送带拉伸强度修正系数; f3——温度修正系数; fa——托辊的工况系数; fc——水平转弯段的模拟摩擦系数; fd——托辊的冲击系数; fe——托辊的载荷系数; fi——区段i的模拟摩擦系数; fR——托辊的运行系数; fRMBT——滚筒上输送带张力利用率; i——飞轮或制动轮至传动滚筒的传动比; ii——第i个转动部件至传动滚筒的传动比; k1——托辊转动部分的质量转换到托辊圆周上直线运动的计算系数; k2——逆止装置工况系数; k3——曲线段托辊组的间距系数; kC——中间托辊上输送带的重力分配系数; kIC——内曲线侧托辊上输送带的重力分配系数; kO——外曲线侧托辊上输送带的重力分配系数; kP——犁式卸料器的刮板系数; kt,rel——输送带接头相对基准疲劳强度系数; kWc——水平转弯段的附加阻力系数; n——固有频率阶数; nD——带式输送机的驱动单元数; nO——上分支区段数; nP——输送带成管次数; nU——下分支区段数; S——输送带的安全系数; S0——基于输送带接头特征的安全系数; S1——基于输送带运行条件的安全系数; Smin——相对于输送带最小名义拉断强度的最小安全系数; zR,i——区段i的托辊组数量; Zε,i——区段i的前倾托辊组数量; ε0——输送带弹性伸长和永久伸长综合系数; ε1——托辊组间的输送带屈挠率; μ——传动滚筒与输送带间的摩擦系数; μ0——输送带与托辊间的当量摩擦系数; μ01——当量摩擦系数; μ1——物料与输送带间的摩擦系数; μ2——物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦系数; μ3——输送带清扫器与输送带问的摩擦系数; μ4——缓冲床与输送带间的摩擦系数; μ5——输送带与密封裙板间的摩擦系数; π——圆周率; φ1——理论输送量的利用率; φ2——填充系数; φSt——倾斜输送时输送带承载物料的理论横截面积缩减系数。 3 主要参数 3.1 输送量 Ⅰ 普通带式输送机和水平转弯带式输送机 3.1.1 普通带式输送机的理论输送量应按下列公式计算: QV=3600φStAv (3.1.1-1) Qm=3600φStAvρ (3.1.1-2) 式中:QV——理论体积输送量(m3/h); Qm——理论质量输送量(t/h); φSt——倾斜输送时输送带承载物料的理论横截面积缩减系数; A——输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(m2); v——带速(m/s); ρ一一散状物料的堆积密度(t/m3)。 3.1.2 普通带式输送机的设计输送量应按下列公式计算: Q=φ1QV=3600φStANv或Q=φ1Qm=3600φStANvρ (3.1.2-1) AN=φ1A (3.1.2-2) 式中:Q——设计输送量(m3/h或t/h); φ1——理论输送量的利用率,应根据工程的工艺要求、物料特性等因素确定,宜为0.7~1.0,当供料连续、均匀,且为直线输送时,可取较大值,当供料量波动较大时,宜取小值; AN——设计输送量输送带承载物料的横截面积(m2)。 3.1.3 普通带式输送机输送带承载物料的理论横截面积,应根据输送带承载物料的有效宽度、承载托辊的数量、托辊长度、槽角及物料的动堆积角等确定。水平输送时,应按下列公式计算: 1 输送带承载物料的理论横截面积应按下式计算: A=A1+A2+A3 (3.1.3-1) 式中:A1——输送带承载物料的上部横截面积(m2); A2——输送带承载物料的中部横截面积(4托辊、5托辊)(m2); A3——输送带承载物料的下部横截面积(2托辊~5托辊)(m2)。 2 输送带承载物料的理论横截面积可按本标准附录A取值。 3 单托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.3-1),应按下式计算: A (3.1.3-2) 式中:b——输送带承载物料的有效宽度(m); θ——物料的动堆积角(°),与物料的特性、带速及带式输送机的长度等有关,宜比静堆积角小5°~15°,有些物料可能小20°。无动堆积角实测数据时,可按物料的静堆积角的50%~75%近似计算或按表3.1.3选取。高带速、长距离的带式输送机宜取小值。 图3.1.3-1 单托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 B—带宽(m) 表3.1.3 一般特性物料的堆积角 物料的特性 流动性 静堆积角(°) 动堆积角θ(°) 粒度均匀、非常小的圆颗粒、非常干或含水率非常高的物料,如砂、混凝土浆等 非常好 10~19 5 圆形、干燥光滑的颗粒,如整粒的谷物和豆类等 好 20~25 10 规则、粒状的物料,如化肥、砂石、洗过的砾石等 一般 26~29 15 不规则、颗粒状或块状的物料,如无烟煤、黏土等 30~34 20 通常物料,如大多数矿石、烟煤、石块等 35~39 25 不规则、黏性、纤维状的物料.如木屑、甘蔗渣等 差 >40 30 注:表中数据基于正常工作条件下的推荐值。 4 2托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.3-2),应按下列公式计算: (3.1.3-3) (3.1.3-4) 式中:λ——槽形托辊组的槽角(°)。 图3.1.3-2 2托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 5 3托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.3-3),应按下列公式计算: (3.1.3-5) 图3.1.3-3 3托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 (3.1.3-6) 式中:l3——承载托辊组中间辊的长度(3托辊、5托辊)(m)。 6 4托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.3-4),应按下列公式计算: (3.1.3-7) (3.1.3-8) (3.1.3-9) 式中:l2——槽形托辊组下侧辊的长度(4托辊、5托辊)(m); λ1——槽形托辊组下侧辊的槽角(4托辊、5托辊)(°)。 图3.1.3-4 4托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 7 5托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.3-5),应按下列公式计算: (3.1.3-10) (3.1.3-11) A3=(l3+l2 cosλ1)l2sinλ1 (3.1.3-12) 图3.1.3-5 5托辊输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 8 输送带承载物料的有效宽度应按下列公式计算: 1)当B≤2m时: b=0.9B—0.05 (3.1.3-13) 2)当B>2m时: b=B—0.25 (3.1.3-14) 式中:B——带宽(m)。 3.1.4 倾斜或具有倾斜段的普通带式输送机,应计入输送带承载物料的上部理论横截面积减小的因素,并应符合下列规定: 1 当带式输送机稳定运行、均匀给料、倾斜输送粒度小的物料,并且线路中带式输送机的最大倾角δmax不大于物料的动堆积角θ时,输送带承载物料的理论横截面积的缩减系数应按下式计算: (3.1.4) 式中:δ——带式输送机的倾角(°),应取线路中的最大倾角; θ——物料的动堆积角(°),应取物料实际的动堆积角值。 2 当输送一般特性物料、采用3托辊的托辊组、槽角35°、动堆积角15°~25°时,不同倾角的物料理论横截面积缩减系数可按表3.1.4选取。 表3.1.4 倾斜输送时输送带承载物料的理论横截面积缩减系数φSt 倾角δ(°) 物料的动堆积角θ(°) 15 20 25 缩减系数φSt 注:本表适用于带式输送机倾角δ不大于物料的动堆积角θ。 3.1.5 水平转弯带式输送机的理论输送量和设计输送量,应符合下列规定: 1 直线段的理论输送量和设计输送量,应按本标准第3.1.1条~第3.1.4条的规定计算; 2 水平转弯段输送带承载物料的理论横截面积,应根据托辊数量、托辊槽角、托辊组内曲线抬高角等因素计算确定; 3 水平转弯带式输送机的设计输送量,应根据水平转弯段输送带承载物料的横截面积确定。 Ⅱ U型带式输送机 3.1.6 U型带式输送机的理论输送量,应根据输送带承载物料的理论横截面积、带速、带式输送机倾角确定,并应按下列公式计算: 1 U型带式输送机的理论输送量: QV=3600φStAv (3.1.6-1) Qm=3600φStAvρ (3.1.6-2) 2 U型带式输送机的设计输送量: Q=φ1QV=3600φStANv或Q=φ1Qm=3600φStANvρ (3.1.6-3) AN=φ1A (3.1.6-4) 式中:φ1——理论输送量的利用率,取值应符合第3.1.2条的规定。 3.1.7 U型带式输送机输送带承载物料的理论横截面积,应根据输送带承载物料的有效宽度、承载托辊数量、输送带上部开口尺寸及物料的动堆积角等确定,并宜按下列公式计算: 1 U型带式输送机输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.7),宜按下列公式计算: A=A1+A2+A3 (3.1.7-1) (3.1.7-2) (3.1.7-3) A3=πW2/8 (3.1.7-4) 式中:W——U形输送带的开口尺寸(m),宜为带宽的1/3~1/2; π——圆周率。 2 输送带承载物料的有效宽度,宜按本标准式(3.1.3-13)、式(3.1.3-14)计算确定。当U形横截面内设内挡辊时,b值宜适当减小。 图3.1.7 5托辊U形输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 Ⅲ 管状带式输送机 3.1.8 管状带式输送机的理论输送量和设计输送量,应按下列公式计算: 1 管状带式输送机的理论输送量: QV=3600Av (3.1.8-1) Qm=3600Avρ (3.1.8-2) 2 管状带式输送机的设计输送量: Q=φ1QV=3600ANv或Q=φ1Qm=3600ANvρ (3.1.8-3) AN=φ1A (3.1.8-4) 式中:φ1——理论输送量的利用率,应根据工程工艺要求、物料特性等因素确定,宜取0.85~1.00。 3.1.9 管状带式输送机输送带承载物料的理论横截面积(图3.1.9),应根据输送带成圆形的实际管径、输送带厚度、填充系数确定,并应按下列公式计算: (3.1.9-1) (3.1.9-2) bWe=b2/dS (3.1.9-3) 式中:φ2——填充系数; dS——管状带式输送机的实际管径(外径)(m); t——输送带厚度(m); bWe——管状输送带搭接宽度与实际管径之比,宜为1/3~1/2; b2——管状输送带搭接宽度(m)。 图3.1.9 管状输送带承载物料的理论横截面积示意图 3.1.10 管状带式输送机的填充系数,应根据名义管径、物料最大粒度和粒度组成确定。常用一般特性物料宜按下列规定选取: 1 当物料最大粒度不大于名义管径的1/3,且大块含量不超过30%时,填充系数宜为75%; 2 当物料最大粒度为名义管径的1/2,且大块含量不超过20%时,填充系数宜为50%~60%; 3 当物料最大粒度为名义管径的2/3,且大块含量不超过15%时,填充系数宜为40%~50%; 4 当给料不均匀、输送线路复杂、具有水平转弯和垂直曲线布置时,填充系数宜适当降低。 3.2 带速 3.2.1 带式输送机带速的选择应符合下列规定: 1 带式输送机的带速,应根据带式输送机工艺要求、环境条件、物料特性、物料粒度及组成、带式输送机长度、带宽等因素确定; 2 长距离和大型带式输送机宜选择较高的带速; 3 有特殊要求的带式输送机可根据工程要求确定。 3.2.2 普通带式输送机的带速应符合现行国家标准《带式输送机》GB/T 10595的有关规定。水平转弯带式输送机的带速应满足转弯段不撒料的工作条件。 3.2.3 管状带式输送机的带速应符合本标准第3.2.1条的规定,并应根据工艺布置、工作条件、名义管径等因素确定。同时,具有下列两项特征的,宜降低带速: 1 水平转弯段对应的圆心角大于或等于45°; 2 水平转弯段布置复杂; 3 织物芯输送带的水平转弯曲率半径小于名义管径的300倍,钢丝绳芯输送带的水平转弯曲率半径小于名义管径的700倍; 4 工作环境温度低于—10℃。 3.3 带宽 Ⅰ 普通带式输送机和水平转弯带式输送机 3.3.1 普通带式输送机和水平转弯带式输送机的带宽,应根据带式输送机设计输送量、带速和输送物料的粒度确定。带宽应符合现行国家标准《带式输送机》GB/T 10595的有关规定。 3.3.2 普通带式输送机和水平转弯带式输送机的带宽选择,应符合下列规定: 1 根据本标准第3.2节的规定初选带速。 2 根据带式输送机承载托辊组托辊数量、槽角和物料的动堆积角计算带宽,或按本标准附录A确定带宽。 3 根据输送物料的粒度校核带宽: 1)根据物料最大粒度和粒度组成、物料的动堆积角等因素校核带宽。动堆积角为20°~30°,不同带宽输送常用物料的允许最大粒度,可按表3.3.2选取。 表3.3.2 带式输送机的带宽与输送常用一般特性 物料的允许最大粒度范围(mm) 带宽B 物料中大块的含量(质量百分率) 10% 20% 50% 100% 注:1 物料的动堆积角为20°时选大值,为30°时选小值。 2 输送岩石类物料时宜选小值。 2)带宽为1.6m及以下的带式输送机,可按下列公式校核带宽: ①未经筛分的物料,当大块含量在10%以内时: B≥2d1+0.2 (3.3.2-1) ②经过筛分的物料: B≥3dm+0.2 (3.3.2-2) ③输送物料最大粒度不宜大于0.5m。 式中:d1——物料的最大粒度(m); dm——物料的平均粒度(m),系物料的最大粒度和最小粒度的平均值。 3)输送岩石类坚硬物料时: ①当大块含量超过10%时,最大粒度不宜超过0.4m; ②当大块含量超过20%时,最大粒度不宜超过0.35m。 Ⅱ U型带式输送机 3.3.3 U型带式输送机允许输送物料的最大粒度,应根据物料粒度及组成确定,可按表3.3.3选取。 表3.3.3 U型带式输送机的带宽与输送常用一般特性 物料的允许最大粒度(mm) 带宽B 650 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 物料大块含量≥30% 90 120 160 200 240 280 320 320 物料大块含量<30% 150 200 260 320 320 320 360 360 注:表中的数值为输送带开口尺寸W等于贷款1/3时的推荐值。 Ⅲ 管状带式输送机 3.3.4 管状带式输送机允许输送物料的最大粒度,宜符合下列规定: 1 当输送物料的大块含量不超过30%时,最大粒度宜小于名义管径(外径)的1/3; 2 当输送物料的大块含量不超过20%时,最大粒度宜小于名义管径(外径)的1/2; 3 当输送物料的大块含量不超过15%时,最大粒度宜小于名义管径(外径)的2/3。 3.3.5 管状带式输送机的带宽应根据名义管径确定,并宜符合现行行业标准《钢丝绳芯管状输送带》HG/T 4224和《织物芯管状输送带》HG/T 4225的有关规定。 4 运行阻力 4.1 运行阻力 Ⅰ 普通带式输送机 4.1.1 普通带式输送机的运行总阻力计算,应符合下列规定: 1 运行总阻力应包括下列内容: 1)主要阻力; 2)附加阻力; 3)特种阻力; 4)提升阻力。 2 运行总阻力应按下式计算(图4.1.1为上下分支区段划分示例): (4.1.1) 式中:FU——运行总阻力(N); nO——上分支区段数; FU,o,i——上分支区段i的运行阻力(N); nU——下分支区段数; FU,u,i——下分支区段i的运行阻力(N); FH——主要阻力(N); FN——附加阻力(N); FS——特种阻力(N); FSt——提升阻力(N)。 图4.1.1 稳定运行工况各区段的运行阻力示意图 lo,1—上分支0~1区段的长度;lo,2—上分支1~2区段的长度; lu,1—下分支0~1区段的长度;lu,2—下分支1~2区段的长度; FU,o,1—上分支0~1区段的运行阻力;FU,o,2—上分支1~2区段的运行阻力; FU,u,1—下分支0~1区段的运行阻力;FU,u,2—下分支1~2区段的运行阻力 4.1.2 普通带式输送机的主要阻力,包括托辊旋转阻力、输送带压陷滚动阻力、输送带弯曲阻力和物料内摩擦阻力。应按下列公式计算: 1 简化计算时: FH=Lfg[qRO+qRU+(2qB+qG)cosδ] (4.1.2-1) (4.1.2-2) 式中:L——带式输送机长度(头尾滚筒中心线间的展开长度)(m); f——模拟摩擦系数; g——重力加速度,取9.81m/s2; qRO——上分支托辊转动部分单位长度的质量(kg/m); qRU——下分支托辊转动部分单位长度的质量(kg/m); qB——输送带单位长度的质量(kg/m); qG——输送带上物料单位长度的质量(kg/m); δ——带式输送机的倾角(°); Q一一设计输送量(t/h); v——带速(m/s)。 2 按区段分别计算时: 1)主要阻力: (4.1.2-3) 2)区段i的主要阻力: FH,i=lifig[qR,i+(qB+qG,i)cosδi] (4.1.2-4) 式中:FH,o——上分支的主要阻力(N); FH,u——下分支的主要阻力(N); FH,o,i——上分支区段i的主要阻力(N); FH,u,i——下分支区段i的主要阻力(N); FH,i——区段i的主要阻力(N); li——区段i的长度(m); fi——区段i的模拟摩擦系数; qR,i——区段i的托辊转动部分单位长度的质量(kg/m); qG,i——区段i的输送带上物料单位长度的质量(kg/m); δi——区段i的倾角(°)。 3 当带式输送机下分支输送物料时,下分支输送物料段的主要阻力应按上分支输送物料的规定进行阻力计算。 4.1.3 普通带式输送机的模拟摩擦系数应根据输送物料特性、输送带类型、带式输送机参数及工作环境等条件确定,并应符合下列规定: 1 模拟摩擦系数宜按表4.1.3选取; 2 当采用低滚动阻力输送带时,模拟摩擦系数可适当减小。 表4.1.3 模拟摩擦系数f推荐值 线路布置及运行工况 工作条件 模拟摩擦系数f 水平、上运及下运为电动运行工况 固定的带式输送机,托辊转动灵活,物料的内摩擦系数小 0.16~<0.020 工作环境良好,实际输送量为理论输送量的70%~110%;物料的内摩擦系数中等,上分支为3托辊,托辊槽角为30°,带速为5m/s,环境温度约为20℃,托辊轴承采用迷宫式密封,托辊直径(108~159)mm,上分支托辊组间距(1.0~1.5)m,下分支托辊组间距约为3.0m 0.020 水平、上运及下运为电动运行工况 运行条件差,多灰、输送含水率高或黏性的物料,带式输送机安装条件差,物料的内摩擦系数大,承载托辊组槽角大于30°,带速大于5m/s,环境温度低于20℃,输送带张力低,输送带覆盖层厚,上分支托辊组间距大于1.5m,下分支托辊组间距大于3.0m >0.020~0.030 下运为发电运行工况 制造、安装正常 0.012~0.016 4.1.4 普通带式输送机附加阻力的计算应符合下列规定: 1 附加阻力应包括下列内容: 1)受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力; 2)受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; 3)输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力; 4)非传动滚筒的轴承阻力; 5)受料段输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力。 2 附加阻力应按下列公式计算: FN=FN,o+FN,u (4.1.4-1) (4.1.4-2) (4.1.4-3) 式中:FN,o——上分支的附加阻力(N); FN,u——下分支的附加阻力(N); FN,o,i——上分支区段i的附加阻力(N); FN,u,i——下分支区段i的附加阻力(N); FbA,o,i——上分支区段i的受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力(N); FbA,u,i——下分支区段i的受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力(N),当下分支不受料时,FbA,u,i=0; Ff,o,i——上分支区段i的受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力(N); Ff,u,i——下分支区段i的受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力(N),当下分支不受料时,Ff,u,i=0; FIc,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力(N); FIc,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力(N); Ft,o,i——上分支区段i的非传动滚筒轴承阻力(N); Ft,u,i——下分支区段i的非传动滚筒轴承阻力(N); FSk,o,i——上分支区段i的输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力(N); FSk,u,i——下分支区段i的输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力(N),当下分支不受料时,FSk,u,i=0。 3 受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力应按下式计算: FbA=Im(v—v0) (4.1.4-4) 式中:FbA——受料段物料的惯性阻力和物料与输送带间的摩擦阻力(N); iM——带式输送机每秒设计质量输送量(kg/s); v0——给料到输送带运行方向的速度分量(m/s),与卸料到输送带上的角度、物料特性、物料与溜槽摩擦系数有关,当溜槽卸料到输送带上的方向与输送带运行 方向的夹角为45°~90°时,可取v0=0。 4 受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力,应根据导料槽侧板上的平均压力、物料与导料槽侧板的接触面积和摩擦系数确定,并应按下列公式计算: 1)当受料段托辊组为3托辊布置时(图4.1.4): ①当给料到输送带的速度分量v0为0≤v0≤v,且b1>l3时,受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力应按下列公式计算: (4.1.4-5) (4.1.4-6) (4.1.4-7) 式中:Ff——受料段加速区内物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力(N); cSch——受料段加速区内物料扰动引起的附加阻力系数; cRank——侧压力系数; ρ——散状物料的堆积密度(t/m3); b1——导料槽的宽度(m); l3——承载托辊组中间辊的长度(m); γ——槽形托辊组的槽角(°); lbi——受料段加速区的导料槽长度(m); μ2——物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦系数,取0.5~0.7; μ1——物料与输送带间的摩擦系数,取0.5~0.7; θ——物料的动堆积角(°),应取输送物料的实际动堆积角。 ②当给料到输送带的速度分量v0为0≤v0≤v,且b1≤l3时,按l3=b1代入式(4.1.4-5)计算。 2)当受料段托辊组为2托辊布置时: 将承载托辊的长度l3=0代入式(4.1.4-5)计算。 3)当受料段托辊组为单托辊布置时: 将承载托辊的长度l3=b1代入式(4.1.4-5)计算。 4)当受料段托辊组为5托辊等其他布置形式时: ①物料与导料槽侧壁的接触高度,可根据设计体积输送量和受料段内物料的平均速度(v+v0)/2确定; ②料流作用到导料槽侧壁上的压力,可乘以cSchb和cRank; ③根据导料槽侧板上的平均压力、物料与导料槽侧板的接触面积和摩擦系数计算摩擦阻力。 对于常规设计的带式输送机,可取cSchbcRank=1。。 图4.1.4 托辊的导料槽横截面示意图 1—导料槽侧壁 5 输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力应符合下列规定: 1)当多点受料或导料槽较长时: FSk=2μ5·pSk·lb (4.1.4-8) 式中:FSk——输送带与导料槽密封裙板间的摩擦阻力(N); μ5——输送带与密封裙板间的摩擦系数,可取1; pSk——输送带与密封裙板间的单位长度的有效正压力(N/m),可取(30~50)N/m; lb——导料槽长度(m),为带式输送机所有导料槽的总长度。 2)单点受料的带式输送机、长距离带式输送机或输送带与密封裙板间不接触时,可忽略不计。 6 输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力应按下列公式计算: 当采用织物芯输送带时: (4.1.4-9) 当采用钢丝绳芯输送带时: (4.1.4-10) 式中:FIc——输送带绕经滚筒的弯曲阻力(N); F1——输送带在滚筒绕入点的张力(N); F2——输送带在滚筒绕出点的张力(N); t——输送带厚度(m); D——滚筒直径(m)。 7 非传动滚筒轴承阻力应按下式计算: (4.1.4-11) 式中:Ft——非传动滚筒的轴承阻力(N); d0——滚筒轴承的内径(m); FIO——滚筒上输送带绕入点张力与绕出点张力和滚筒旋转部分所受重力的矢量和(N)。 4.1.5 普通带式输送机的特种阻力计算,应符合下列规定: 1 特种阻力应包括下列内容: 1)托辊前倾摩擦阻力; 2)受料段加速区外物料与导料槽侧壁间的摩擦阻力; 3)输送带清扫器的摩擦阻力; 4)犁式卸料器的摩擦阻力; 5)缓冲床的摩擦阻力; 6)凸弧段的附加弯曲阻力。 2特种阻力应按下列公式计算: |
联系我们
|
微信联系客服
![]() |
关于我们 | 联系我们 | 收费付款 |
服务热线:400-001-5431 | 电话:010-8572 5110 | 传真:010-8581 9515 | Email: bz@bzfyw.com | |
版权所有: 北京悦尔信息技术有限公司 2008-2020 京ICP备17065875号-1 51La |
本页关键词: |
GB 50431-2020, GB/T 50431-2020, GBT 50431-2020, GB50431-2020, GB 50431, GB50431, GB/T50431-2020, GB/T 50431, GB/T50431, GBT50431-2020, GBT 50431, GBT50431 |