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This standard replaces GB 1987-2007 Food Additive - Citric Acid.
The following main changes have been made with respect to GB 1987-2007:
——The standard name is revised as "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive - Citric Acid";
——Items including water insoluble, light transmittance and iron are deleted;
——Determination of total arsenic (expressed as arsenic) is modified;
——Determination of lead is modified.
National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive - Citric Acid
1 Scope
This standard is applicable to food additive citric acid which is obtained by fermenting from starchy material or saccharic material.
2 Molecular Formula, Structural Formula and Relative Molecular Mass
2.1 Molecular formula
Citric acid anhydrous: C6H8O7
Citric acid monohydrate: C6H8O7·H2O
2.2 Structural formula
Citric acid anhydrous
Citric acid monohydrate
2.3 Relative molecular mass
Citric acid anhydrous: 192.13 (as per 2013 international relative atomic mass)
Citric acid monohydrate: 210.14 (as per 2013 international relative atomic mass)
3 Technical Requirements
3.1 Sensory requirements
Sensory requirements shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Sensory Requirements
Items Requirements Inspection methods
Color & luster Colorless or white Put a proper amount of specimen into a clean dry white porcelain dish, and observe its color and luster as well as state under natural light
State Crystalline particle or powder, odorless, very sour; citric acid monohydrate is slightly weathered in dry air
3.2 Physical and chemical indexes
Physical and chemical indexes shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Physical and Chemical Indexes
Items Indexes Inspection methods
Citric acid anhydrous Citric acid monohydrate
Citric acid content, ω/% 99.5~100.5 99.5~100.5 A.4 in Annex A
Moisture content, ω/% ≤0.5 7.5~9.0 A.5 in Annex A
Readily carbonizable substance ≤ 1.0 1.0 A.6 in Annex A
Sulfated ash content, ω/% ≤ 0.05 0.05 A.7 in Annex A
Sulfate, ω/% ≤ 0.010 0.015 A.8 in Annex A
Chloride, ω/% ≤ 0.005 0.005 A.9 in Annex A
Oxalate, ω/% ≤ 0.01 0.01 A.10 in Annex A
Calcium salt, ω/% ≤ 0.02 0.02 A.11 in Annex A
Lead (Pb)/(mg/kg) ≤ 0.5 0.5 GB 5009.12
Total arsenic (expressed as As) (mg/kg) ≤ 1.0 1.0 GB 5009.11
Annex A
Inspection Methods
A.1 Safety instruction
Some reagents used in inspection methods of this standard are toxic and corrosive, thus proper safety and precaution measures shall be taken during operation.
A.2 General requirements
Unless otherwise specified in this standard, the adopted reagents shall be analytical reagents; the adopted standard titration solutions, standard solutions for impurity determination as well as preparations and products shall be prepared according to the requirements of GB/T 601, GB/T 602 and GB/T 603; the test water shall meet the requirements for Grade 3 water as specified in GB/T 6682. Solutions used in the test are all water solution, unless other solvents are indicated to be used for preparation.
A.3 Identification test
A.3.1 Reagents and materials
A.3.1.1 Ethanol.
A.3.1.2 Ether.
A.3.1.3 Sulfuric acid solution: measure 29mL of sulfuric acid and inject it slowly into about 700mL of water; after it cools down, dilute it to 1 000mL.
A.3.1.4 Mercury sulfate solution: weigh 5g of mercury oxide, add 40mL of water firstly, then 20mL of sulfuric acid slowly, stir while adding; after that add another 40mL of water and stir to make the mercury oxide dissolve.
A.3.1.5 Potassium permanganate solution: c( KMnO4)=0.1mol/L.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Molecular Formula, Structural Formula and Relative Molecular Mass
3 Technical Requirements
Annex A Inspection Methods
