标准编号:	GB/T 8564-2023
中文名称:	水轮发电机组安装技术规范
英文名称:	Technical specification for installation of hydraulic turbine-generator unit
中标分类:	F22    电力系统设备安装测试
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	27.140 27.140    水力工程 27.140
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2023-11-27
实施日期:	2023-11-27
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 8564-2003 水轮发电机组安装技术规范
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	109000 字
翻译价格(元):	7630.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Technical specification for installation of hydraulic turbine-generator units 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for the installation and commissioning of vertical mixed-flow turbine, axial-flow turbine, horizontal mixed-flow turbine, bucket turbine, speed regulating system, main valve and accessories of turbine, vertical hydraulic generator, horizontal hydraulic generator, excitation system and static frequency conversion (SFC) starting device, bulb tubular hydraulic turbine-generator unit and auxiliary equipment of hydropower station, the electrical test for installation of stator and rotor of hydraulic generator, and the start-up and trial run of hydraulic turbine-generator unit. This document applies to installation and acceptance of mixed-flow, axial-flow, bucket-type, bulb tubular hydraulic turbine-generator units and mixed-flow reversible pumped storage units. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 2900.25 Electrotechnical terminology - Rotating electrical machines GB/T 2900.45 Electrotechnical terminology - Hydroelectric power plant machinery GB/T 7409.3 Excitation system for synchronous electrical machines - Technical requirements of excitation system for large and medium synchronous generators GB/T 7596 In-service quality criteria of mineral turbine oils used in power plants GB/T 9239.1 Mechanical vibration - Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state - Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances GB/T 9652.1 Specification of hydraulic turbine governing systems GB/T 9652.2 Testing specification of hydraulic turbine governing systems GB/T 10969 Specification for water passage components of hydraulic turbines storage pumps and pump-turbines GB 11120 Lubricating oils for turbines GB/T 11345 Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing - Techniques, testing levels, and assessment GB/T 11805 General specifications of automatic control components (devices) and their related system for hydro turbine-generating sets GB/T 14039 Hydraulic fluid power - Fluids - Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles GB/T 14478 Fundamental technical requirements for large and medium inlet valves of hydraulic turbine GB/T 17116.1 Pipe supports and hangers - Part 1: Technical specification GB/T 17116.2 Pipe supports and hangers - Part 2: Pipe attachments GB/T 17116.3 Pipe supports and hangers - Part 3: Middle connection attachments and building structure attachments GB/T 18482 Specification for start-up test of reversible pumped-storage units GB/T 20835 Guide for magnetization test of generator stator core GB/T 28546 Specification for package, transportation and storage of large and medium hydraulic units GB/T 28566 Security specification and its evaluation for generating unit interconnection GB/T 28570 Technical guide of on-line condition monitoring system for hydraulic turbine and generator units GB/T 29529 Methods of measuring and evaluating noise of pumps GB/T 29531 Methods of measuring and evaluating vibration of pumps GB/T 29711 Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing - Characterization of discontinuities in welds GB/T 29712 Non-destructive testing of welds - Ultrasonic testing - Acceptance levels GB/T 32899 Test code of SFC starting device for pumped storage power unit GB/T 40734 Non-destructive testing of welds - Phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) - Acceptance levels GB 50147 Code for construction and acceptance of high-voltage electric equipment installation engineering GB 50148 Code for construction and acceptance of power transformers oil reactor and mutual inductor GB 50150 Electric equipment installation engineering - Standard for hand-over test of electric equipment GB 50168 Standard for construction and acceptance of cable line electric equipment installation engineering GB 50171 Erection works of electrical installations - Code for construction and acceptance of switchboard outfit, complete cubicle and secondary circuit DL/T 474.1 Guide for insulation test on site - Insulation resistance, dielectric absorption ratio and polarization index test DL/T 489 Test code for static rectifier excitation system of large and medium-sized hydro-generator DL/T 490 Rule for installation and accepting test regulation of the generator excitation system DL/T 496 Guide of regulating and testing for electro-hydraulic regulating system and devices of hydraulic turbines DL/T 507 Start-up test code for hydro-generating units DL/T 563 Technical code for electro-hydraulic regulating system and unit used in hydraulic turbines DL/T 583 Specification for static rectified excitation systems for large and medium hydro generators DL/T 827 Start-up test code for bulb hydro-generating units DL/T 862 Code of installation and acceptance for automation components (devices) for hydropower plants DL/T 1013 Test guide for microprocessor excitation regulator for large and medium hydro generators DL/T 1245 Technical guide for hydraulic turbine regulating system in grid DL/T 1770 Code for filling and emptying procedures of water conveyance system for pumped storage power station DL/T 1800 Technical guide for modeling and testing of hydraulic turbine governing system DL/T 1818 Specification of reversible pump-turbine governing system test DL/T 2194 Guide for technical requirements and test on primary frequency control of hydroelectric generating units DL/T 5070 Technological guide for manufacturing, assembling and welding of metal spiral case of turbine in site DL/T 5420 Technological guide for stator assembly in site of hydraulic generators NB/T 35089 Technical specification for the ring gate of hydraulic turbines NB/T 47013.4 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 4: Magnetic particle testing NB/T 47013.5 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments- Part 5: Penetrant testing NB/T 47013.10 Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments - Part 10: Ultrasonic time of flight diffraction technique 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.25 and GB/T 2900.45, and the following apply. 3.1 assembly process of combining parts into a complete component, following a given operating sequence, 3.2 installation operating process in which components are combined into a complete set according to the intended purpose and the equipment is secured in the specified position as required, so as to enable the intended function 3.3 reference for installation measurement and positioning reference for spatial positions based on which equipment or components are assembled and installed 3.4 deviation difference between a value and the reference value Note: For dimensional deviations, the reference value is represented by the nominal dimension and “a value” is represented by the actual size. 3.5 verticality distance of the centerline of equipment or component deviating from the plumb line, and distance of the orientation or the characteristic surface of the equipment or component deviating from the plumb line, expressed in relative values or in absolute values based on the selected position 3.6 orientation and center Orientation refers to the X and Y marker lines on a part or component; center refers to the intersection of the X-X and Y-Y marker lines on a part or component 3.7 vibration reciprocal displacement of the specified points of components in a unit relative to the equilibrium position, varying over time 3.8 run-out radial vibration of a part of the rotating spindle of a unit relative to the neighboring fixed components 3.9 barring operation of slowly rotating the shaft system of a unit by manual, mechanical or electrical means, and measuring the run-out of each characteristic part of the shaft system in order to obtain the spatial position status of the shaft system 3.10 run-out during unit turning run-out value (peak-to-peak) measured during turning of the unit 3.11 run-out during unit operation run-out value (peak-to-peak value at passband frequency) measured during normal or transient operation of the unit Note: Run-out during unit operation is also known as shaft vibration. 3.12 relative shaft vibration measurement shaft vibration measurement of a rotating shaft using a fixed part of the unit (e.g., bearing housing) as a reference 3.13 vibration in wide band frequencies algebraic difference between the peak and trough envelopes of the full waveform signal of the absolute vibration of the fixed components or the relative vibration (run-out) of the rotating components of a hydraulic turbine-generator unit in a measurement period (at confidence level of 0.97 ) 3.14 rotational frequency f0 frequency of rotation of the spindle of a hydraulic turbine-generator unit Note: f0=n/60, where n is the synchronous speed of the generator. Rotational frequency is also known as the base frequency or one-octave frequency. 3.15 polar frequency fp important parameter characterizing the fundamental vibration frequency of hydraulic generator, which is the product of the number of poles, 2P, and the rotational frequency of the hydraulic generator Note: fp=2P·f0, where P is the number of pole pairs. 3.16 idle running simply mechanical rotation behavior of hydraulic turbine-generator unit without excitation 3.17 speed no-load operation mode in which the hydraulic turbine-generator unit is put into excitation at rated speed, with the generator terminal voltage at the rated voltage and the generator output apparent power at zero 3.18 rotor roundness difference between the maximum and minimum radius of any cross section at the outer edge of the rotor pole core of hydraulic generator Note: That is, the distance between the inner and outer envelopes of the outer edge contour line of the rotor pole core, and is measured at the bump of the pole core. 3.19 stator roundness difference between the maximum and minimum radius of any cross section at the inner edge of the stator core of hydraulic generator Note: That is, the distance between the inner and outer envelopes of the inner edge contour line of the stator core. 3.20 air gap minimum radial distance between the outer edge of rotor pole and the inner edge of stator core in a generator 3.21 partial discharge (PD) electrical discharge where the insulation between conductors is only partially bridged Note 1: Partial discharge may or may not occur near the conductor. Note 2: For the purposes of this document, partial discharge (PD) refers to the phenomenon of electrical discharge in or on the partially bridged insulation of stator winding of hydraulic generator. Note 3: Partial discharge includes discharge inside insulation, slot discharge, discharge between bar layers, winding end discharge and single bar discharge along the surface. 3.22 corona partial discharge, in the main form of glow, generated by the gas medium around the insulation surface of stator bar or winding end due to ionization under a certain potential gradient Note 1: Corona is usually accompanied by luminescence and noise, and is a form of partial discharge. Note 2: For the purposes of this document, it refers to the discharge glow phenomenon that is observable in a dark environment on the insulation surface of the stator bar or on the insulation surface at the winding end, e.g., at slot end pad and bevel pad, between a bar and end hoop, bar and stator core, where the stator bar or winding is charged. 3.23 building information modeling (BIM) modeling the real information contained in a building by digital information simulation based on a building model established based on the relevant information data of the construction project 4 General requirements 4.1 Before installation of the unit equipment, the following relevant technical data shall be available: a) construction drawings and technical documents, including design reports and design modification notices; b) drawings and technical requirements of the equipment, including installation instructions, operation and maintenance instructions and technical reports; c) end-of-manufacturing quality documents of the equipment, including end-of-manufacturing inspection records, test records, acceptance certificates and material performance reports of main parts and components; and d) construction organization design or construction scheme.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General requirements 5 Installation of the vertical mixed-flow and axial-flow turbines 5.1 Installation of embedded components 5.2 Assembly of the runner 5.3 Pre-installation of water distributor 5.4 Installation of rotating components 5.5 Installation of the guide vanes and servomotors 5.6 Installation of the turbine guide bearings and spindle seals 5.7 Installation of the cylindrical valve 5.8 Installation of the hydraulic turbine accessories 6 Installation of horizontal mixed-flow turbines 6.1 Installation of embedded components 6.2 Installation of the volute and the water distributor 6.3 Installation of the bearing housing 6.4 Installation and adjustment of bearing bush 6.5 Installation of spindle 6.6 Installation of the runner and accessories 7 Installation of bucket turbines 7.1 Installation of embedded components in foundation and tailwater lining 7.2 Installation of the flow steadying grid 7.3 Installation of casing 7.4 Installation of the looped distributing pipe 7.5 Installation of the hydraulic turbine spindle 7.6 Installation of the nozzle and the deflector 7.7 Installation of the runner 7.8 Installation of the bearing of vertical bucket turbine 7.9 Installation of the horizontal bucket turbine 8 Installation and commissioning of speed regulating systems 8.1 Installation and commissioning of the oil pressure supply unit 8.2 Installation and commissioning of the regulator 8.3 Installation of the pipeline for the speed regulating system 8.4 Oil filling and field test of the speed regulating system 9 Installation of the main valves and accessories of hydraulic turbine 9.1 Installation of the embedded components in the foundation 9.2 Installation of the butterfly valve 9.3 Installation of the ball valve 9.4 Installation of the expansion joint 9.5 Installation of the bypass valve and the pipeline system equipment 9.6 Installation of the main valve operating mechanism 9.7 Field test of the main valve 10 Installation of vertical hydraulic generators 10.1 Assembly of the stator 10.2 Assembly of the rotor 10.3 Frame assembly 10.4 Bearing bush scraping and bearing pre-assembly 10.5 General installation of generator 10.6 Installation of generator accessory 11 Installation of horizontal hydraulic generator 11.1 Installation of embedded components in the foundation 11.2 Installation of bearing housing 11.3 Installation and adjustment of bearing bush 11.4 Bearing inspection and clearance adjustment 11.5 Stator installation 11.6 Rotor installation and final assembly of generator 12 Installation and commissioning of excitation system and static frequency conversion (SFC) starting device 12.1 Excitation system equipment installation 12.2 Commissioning of excitation system equipment 12.3 Installation of static frequency conversion (SFC) starting device 12.4 Commissioning test of static frequency conversion (SFC) starting device 13 Installation of bulb hydraulic turbine-generator unit 13.1 Installation of embedded components 13.2 Assembly of water distributor 13.3 Spindle and bearing assembly 13.4 Runner assembly and test 13.5 Installation of water distributor and servomotor 13.6 Spindle installation and adjustment 13.7 Installation of runner and runner chamber 13.8 Assembly of rotor 13.9 Assembly of stator 13.10 Assembly of bulb head elements 13.11 General assembly of unit 13.12 Accessory installation 14 Installation and commissioning of auxiliary equipment 14.1 Production of fittings and pipe accessories 14.2 Pipe welding 14.3 Installation of pipelines 14.4 Tests of pipes and fittings 14.5 Purge and cleaning of pipelines 14.6 Installation and commissioning of oil system equipment 14.7 Installation and commissioning of water system equipment 14.8 Installation and commissioning of gas system equipment 15 Electrical test of stator and rotor installation of hydraulic generators 15.1 Inspection of stator windings before building-in 15.2 AC withstand voltage test during stator winding installation 15.3 Electrical test of stators 15.4 Electrical test of rotor poles and accessories 15.5 Test of rotor winding 16 Startup and trial run of hydraulic turbine-generator unit 16.1 General provisions 16.2 Water filling test of units 16.3 Speed no-load test of units 16.4 Unit grid connection and load test 16.5 Startup and trial run of reversible pumped storage unit Annex A (Informative) Application of laser tracking measurement technology Annex B (Informative) List of handover materials Annex C (Informative) Hydraulic test of looped distributing pipe Annex D (Normative) Stator winding drying requirements for hydraulic generator Annex E (Informative) Sensor installation requirements for on-line monitoring device of hydraulic turbine-generator unit Annex F (Informative) Pickling, passivating and flushing of pipelines Annex G (Informative) List of typical test items for static (waterless) commissioning of hydraulic turbine-generator unit and its ancillary equipment Bibliography

水轮发电机组安装技术规范 1 范围 本文件规定了立式混流式、轴流式水轮机、卧式混流式水轮机、水斗式水轮机、调速系统、水轮机主阀及附件、立式水轮发电机、卧式水轮发电机、励磁系统及静止变频启动装置(SFC)、灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组及水电站辅助设备安装调试、水轮发电机定转子安装电气试验、水轮发电机组启动试运行等要求。 本文件适用于混流式、轴流式、水斗式、灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组和混流可逆式抽水蓄能机组的安装及验收。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 2900.25 电工术语 旋转电机 GB/T 2900.45 电工术语 水电站水力机械设备 GB/T 7409.3 同步电机励磁系统 大、中型同步发电机励磁系统技术要求 GB/T 7596 电厂运行中矿物涡轮机油质量 GB/T 9239.1 机械振动 恒态(刚性)转子平衡品质要求 第1部分：规范与平衡允差的检验 GB/T 9652.1 水轮机调速系统技术条件 GB/T 9652.2 水轮机调速系统试验 GB/T 10969 水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机通流部件技术条件 GB 11120 涡轮机油 GB/T 11345 焊缝无损检测 超声检测 技术、检测等级和评定 GB/T 11805 水轮发电机组自动化元件(装置)及其系统基本技术条件 GB/T 14039 液压传动油液固体颗粒污染等级代号 GB/T 14478 大中型水轮机进水阀门基本技术条件 GB/T 17116.1 管道支吊架 第1部分：技术规范 GB/T 17116.2 管道支吊架 第2部分：管道连接部件 GB/T 17116.3 管道支吊架 第3部分：中间连接件和建筑结构连接件 GB/T 18482 可逆式抽水蓄能机组启动试运行规程 GB/T 20835 发电机定子铁心磁化试验导则 GB/T 28546 大中型水电机组包装、运输和保管规范 GB/T 28566 发电机组并网安全条件及评价 GB/T 28570 水轮发电机组状态在线监测系统技术导则 GB/T 29529 泵的噪声测量与评价方法 GB/T 29531泵的振动测量与评价方法 GB/T 29711 焊缝无损检测 超声检测 焊缝中的显示特征 GB/T 29712 焊缝无损检测 超声检测 验收等级 GB/T 32899 抽水蓄能机组静止变频启动装置试验规程 GB/T 40734 焊缝无损检测 相控阵超声检测 验收等级 GB 50147 电气装置安装工程 高压电器施工及验收规范 GB 50148 电气装置安装工程 电力变压器、油浸电抗器、互感器施工及验收规范 GB 50150 电气装置安装工程 电气设备交接试验标准 GB 50168 电气装置安装工程 电缆线路施工及验收标准 GB 50171 电气装置安装工程 盘、柜及二次回路接线施工及验收规范 DL/T 474.1 现场绝缘试验实施导则 绝缘电阻、吸收比和极化指数试验 DL/T 489 大中型水轮发电机静止整流励磁系统试验规程 DL/T 490 发电机励磁系统及装置安装、验收规程 DL/T 496 水轮机电液调节系统及装置调整试验导则 DL/T 507 水轮发电机组启动试验规程 DL/T 563 水轮机电液调节系统及装置技术规程 DL/T 583 大中型水轮发电机静止整流励磁系统技术条件 DL/T 827 灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组启动试验规程 DL/T 862 水电厂自动化元件(装置)安装和验收规程 DL/T 1013 大中型水轮发电机微机励磁调节器试验导则 DL/T 1245 水轮机调节系统并网运行技术导则 DL/T 1770 抽水蓄能电站输水系统充排水技术规程 DL/T 1800 水轮机调节系统建模及参数实测技术导则 DL/T 1818 可逆式水泵水轮机调节系统试验规程 DL/T 2194 水力发电机组一次调频技术要求及试验导则 DL/T 5070 水轮机金属蜗壳现场制造安装及焊接工艺导则 DL/T 5420 水轮发电机定子现场装配工艺导则 NB/T 35089 水轮机筒形阀技术规范 NB/T 47013.4 承压设备无损检测 第4部分：磁粉检测 NB/T 47013.5 承压设备无损检测 第5部分：渗透检测 NB/T 47013.10 承压设备无损检测 第10部分：衍射时差法超声检测 3 术语和定义 GB/T 2900.25、GB/T 2900.45界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 组装 assembly 将零部件按照一定的工序组合成一个完整部件的工艺过程。 3.2 安装 installation 将部件按照设计意图组合成套，并按要求将设备固定在规定位置，使其具有设定功能的工艺作业过程。 3.3 安装基准 reference for installation 设备或部件组装、安装工艺过程中所依据的空间位置的测量和定位基准。 3.4 偏差 deviation 某值与参考值之差。 注：对于尺寸偏差，参考值是公称尺寸，某值是实际尺寸。 3.5 垂直度 verticality 设备或部件中心线偏离铅垂线的距离及其方位或设备部件特征面偏离铅锤面的距离。用相对值表示或按所取位置用绝对值表示。 3.6 方位和中心 orientation and center 方位指零部件上的X、Y标记线；中心指零部件上X-X、Y-Y标记线的交叉点。 3.7 振动 vibration 机组各部件指定点相对于平衡位置随时间的往复位移变化。 3.8 摆度 run-out 机组主轴旋转时某部位相对于该部位邻近固定部件的径向振动。 3.9 盘车 barring 采用人力、机械或电气的方式使机组轴系缓慢旋转，测量轴系各特征部位的摆度以求得轴系空间位置状态的作业。 3.10 盘车摆度 run-out during unit turning 机组盘车过程中测量获得的摆度值(峰-峰值)。 3.11 运行摆度 run-out during unit operation 机组正常或暂态运行过程中测量获得的摆度值(通频峰-峰值)。 注：运行摆度又称轴振动。 3.12 相对轴振动测量 relative shaft vibration measurement 以机组某固定部件(如轴承座)作为参照物对转动轴进行的轴振动测量。 3.13 通频振动值 vibration in wide band frequencies 水轮发电机组固定部件的绝对振动或转动部件的相对振动(摆度)全波形信号在一个测量时段内波峰与波谷包络线的代数差(取0.97置信度)。 3.14 转频 rotational frequency f0 水轮发电机组主轴转动的频率。 注：f0＝n/60，n为发电机同步转速；转频又称基频或一倍频。 3.15 极频 polar frequency fp 表征水轮发电机基本振动频率的重要参数，为水轮发电机磁极数2P与转频的乘积。 注：fp＝2P·f0，P为磁极对数。 3.16 机组空转 idle running 水轮发电机组无励磁下的纯机械转动行为。 3.17 机组空载 speed no-load 水轮发电机组在额定转速下投入励磁，发电机机端电压为额定电压并且发电机输出视在功率为零的运行方式。 3.18 转子圆度 rotor roundness 水轮发电机转子磁极铁心外缘任一横截面半径最大值与最小值之差。 注：即转子磁极铁心外缘轮廓线的内外包络线之距离；在磁极铁心凸点测量。 3.19 定子圆度 stator roundness 水轮发电机定子铁心内缘任一横截面半径最大值与最小值之差。 注：即定子铁心内缘轮廓线的内外包络线之距离。 3.20 空气间隙 air gap 发电机转子磁极外缘与定子铁心内缘之间的最小径向距离。 3.21 局部放电 partial discharge； PD 导体间绝缘仅被部分桥接的电气放电。 注1：局部放电可在导体附近发生也可不在导体附近发生。 注2：本文件指水轮发电机定子绕组绝缘层内部或表面发生的、其绝缘仅被部分桥接的电气放电现象，简称局放。 注3：局放包括，绝缘内部放电、槽放电、线棒层间放电、绕组端部放电和单根线棒沿表面放电。 3.22 电晕 corona 定子线棒绝缘表面或绕组端部绝缘表面的周围气体介质，在一定电位梯度下发生电离而产生的以发出辉光为主要形态的局部放电。 注1：电晕通常伴随有发光和噪音，是局部放电的一种形式。 注2：本文件指在定子线棒或绕组带电时，在线棒绝缘表面，或在绕组端部绝缘表面(包括槽口垫块、斜边垫块处，线棒与端箍间，线棒与定子铁心间)，在黑暗环境中可见的放电辉光现象。 3.23 建筑信息模型 building information modeling； BIM 以建筑工程项目的各项相关信息数据作为模型的基础，进行建筑模型的建立，通过数字信息仿真模拟建筑物所具有的真实信息。 4 总体要求 4.1 机组设备安装前应具有以下有关技术资料： a)施工图纸及技术文件，包括设计报告、设计修改通知等； b)设备图纸及设备技术要求，包括安装说明书、运行维护说明书及技术报告； c)设备出厂质量文件，包括出厂检验记录、试验记录、验收合格证、主要零部件的材质性能报告； d)施工组织设计或施工方案。 4.2 机组设备安装满足下列基本条件： a)安装人员应进行安全生产和职业健康培训，从事特种作业或特种设备作业的人员应经考核合格取得相应资格，安装前应进行技术交底和安全交底； b)安装使用的特种设备.计量器具、试验设备、仪器仪表、安全工器具等应经检验、检定或校准合格，其精度等级应满足被检测项目要求，并在有效期内使用； c)安装过程中使用的耗材和辅材应采用对人员和环境无害的环保材料，污油、污水、废清洗剂和垃圾杂物等废弃物应进行分类回收、集中或无害化处理。 4.3 安装场地应统一规划，实施定置管理，安装现场符合下列基本要求。 a)安装环境温度不宜低于5℃，空气相对湿度不宜高于85％，安装现场应能防风、防雨、防尘，并应有足够的照明和通风，场内粉尘、噪声、高温、光辐射等危害因素应不超过限值，对有其他特殊环境条件要求的设备部件安装应按设备技术要求执行。 b)安装现场应配置充足的灭火器材和安全防护设施，设置明显的安全警示标志；放置危险化学品和易燃易爆物品的场所，应做到专人使用、保管；场所周围应采取防火、防毒、防爆等防护措施；安装与生产在同一场所并对生产安全有影响时，应采取安全隔离措施。 c)施工用水源、电源、气源和通信系统应配备齐备，起重运输机械应具备使用条件，机组本体安装应在安装间、本机组段和相邻的机组段厂房屋顶封闭完成后进行，机组金属结构埋设部件组装、安装可根据现场条件确定。 d)机组设备、工器具和施工材料堆放整齐，场地应保持清洁有序、通道畅通、工完场清。 4.4 机组设备安装前，应对交付安装的土建部位进行检查验收，对有缺陷的部位应处理合格，检查验收应形成记录并签字确认。 4.5 机组设备到现场后应按发货装箱清单进行开箱清点和检查，检查验收应形成记录并签字确认。机组设备开箱后其保管应符合设备技术要求和GB/T 28546中的规定。 4.6 机组设备在安装前应进行全面清扫、检查，对重要部件的主要尺寸及配合公差，应对照出厂记录和设备技术要求进行复核。设备检查和缺陷处理应有记录和签证。 4.7 设备基础垫板埋设后应加固牢靠，其高程允许偏差不宜超过－5mm～0mm，中心和分布位置允许偏差应小于5mm，水平度允许偏差应小于0.5mm/m；用于埋设部件加固调整的基础螺栓、千斤顶、拉紧器、楔子板、基础板等均应点焊固定；埋设部件与混凝土结合面应无油污、锈蚀或油漆等。 4.8 地脚螺栓的安装，除设备技术要求另有说明外，满足下列要求。 a)预埋地脚螺栓孔位置应正确，孔内壁应清扫干净，预埋地脚螺栓孔的中心线位置允许偏差小于5mm，孔口截面各向尺寸或深度允许偏差0mm～＋20mm，孔壁垂直度偏差应小于预埋地脚螺栓孔孔深的0.5％，且小于10mm。