Guidance for gas/materials compatibility of cryogenic vessels
1 Scope
This standard gas/materials compatibility requirements for cryogenic vessels, but it does not cover mechanical properties (e.g. for low temperature applications).
It gives general guidance for compatibility with gases and detailed compatibility requirements for oxygen and oxygen-enriched atmospheres. This standard also defines the testing methods for establishing oxygen compatibility of materials (metallic and non-metallic) to be used for cryogenic vessels and associated equipment.
This standard focuses on materials that are normally with or could be in contact with cryogenic fluids.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10297:1999 Transportable gas cylinders - Cylinder valves - Specification and type testing
ISO 23208 Cryogenic vessels - Cleanliness for cryogenic service
3 Compatibility of materials with gases other than oxygen
Cryogenic vessels are used in a range of temperatures from very low temperature to ambient temperature. On excluding oxygen, compatibility problems such as corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement normally occur at ambient temperature and become negligible at cryogenic temperatures.
In the case of gases other than oxygen, ISO 11114-1 and ISO 11114-2 can be used as a guide for cryogenic vessels.
4 General requirements for oxygen service
4.1 Evaluation of materials for oxygen service
4.1.1 General
The selection of a material for use with oxygen and/or in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere shall be primarily a matter of understanding the circumstances that cause oxygen to react with the material. Most materials in contact with oxygen will not ignite without a source of ignition energy. When an energy input rate, as converted to heat, is greater than the rate of heat dissipation, and the resulting heat increase is continued for sufficient time, ignition and combustion will occur. Thus, two things shall be considered:
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Compatibility of materials with gases other than oxygen
4 General requirements for oxygen service
Annex A (Informative) Metallic materials commonly used for liquid oxygen service
Annex B (Normative) Spontaneous ignition test (bomb test)
Annex C (Normative) Pressure surge test
Bibliography
