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This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This document replaces GB/T 18883-2002 Indoor air quality standard. In addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 18883-2002:
a) four terms, i.e., “fine particulate matter”, “1-hour average”, “8-hour average” and “24-hour average”, and their definitions, are added (see 3.3, 3.5~3.7); the term “normal state” and its definition is deleted (see 3.4 of Edition 2002); three terms, i.e., "indoor air quality indicator", "inhalable particulate matter" and "total volatile organic compounds", and their definitions, are modified (see 3.1, 3.2 and 3.4; 3.1~3.3 of Edition 2002);
b) three indicators, i.e., trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and fine particulate matter, and their requirements are added (see 4.2);
c) the "air flow rate" is changed to "air velocity" (see 4.2; 4.2 of Edition 2002);
d) the "air conditioning in summer" and "heating in winter" in remarks on temperature, relative humidity and air velocity are changed to "summer" and "winter" respectively (see 4.2; 4.2 of Edition 2002);
e) the "total number of colonies" is changed to "total bacterial count" (see 4.2; 4.2 of Edition 2002);
f) the requirements of seven indicators, i.e., nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, benzene, inhalable particulate matter, total bacterial count and radon, are modified (see 4.2; 4.2 of Edition 2002);
g) the radon control requirements are modified, and the "action level" is changed to the "reference level" (see 4.2; 4.2 of Edition 2002);
h) technical contents such as environmental requirements, sample transportation and preservation, parallel sample inspection, result expression and laboratory safety are added (see A.2.1, A.7, A.9.4, A.10.2 and A.11 in Annex A);
i) the determination methods and method sources of 11 indicators, i.e., temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, fresh air volume, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia and formaldehyde (spectrophotometry), are modified; the determination methods and method sources of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and fine particulate matter are added; the recommended sampling method parameters are added (see Annex A; Annex A of Edition 2002);
j) the determination methods of 5 indicators, i.e., formaldehyde (high performance liquid chromatography), benzo[a]pyrene, inhalable particulate matter, fine particulate matter and radon, are added (see Annexes B, E, F and H), and those of benzene, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and total bacterial count are modified (see Annexes C, D and G; Annexes B~D of Edition 2002).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China.
The previous editions of this document are as follows:
——it was firstly released as GB/T 18883-2002 in 2002;
——this is the first revision.
Standards for indoor air quality
1 Scope
This standard specifies the physical, chemical, biological and radioactive indicators and requirements of indoor air quality, and describes the measurement methods of the indicators.
This standard is applicable to residential and office buildings, and may apply to other indoor environment by reference.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3095–2012 Ambient air quality standard
GB/T 12372 Standard method for examination of nitrogen dioxide in air of residential areas-Modified Saltzman method
GB/T 14669 Air quality. Determination of ammonia. Ion selective electrode method
GB/T 15435 Ambient air - Determination of nitrogen dioxide - Saltzman method
GB/T 16128 Standard method for hygienic examination of sulfur dioxide in air of residential areas - Formaldehyde solution sampling-pararosaniline hydrochloride spectrophotometric method
GB/T 16129 Standard method for hygienic examination of formaldehyde in air of residential areas - Spectrophotometric method
GB/T 18204.1 Examination methods for public places - Part 1: Physical parameters
GB/T 18204.2 Examination methods for public places - Part 2: Chemical pollutants
GB/T 27476.5 Safety in testing laboratories - Part 5: Chemical aspects
GB/T 32465 Requirements for verification & validation of detection methods and internal quality control on chemical analysis
HJ 93 Specifications and test procedures for PM10 and PM2.5 sampler
HJ/T 167 Technical specification for monitoring of indoor air quality
HJ 533 Air and exhaust gas - Determination of ammonia - Nessler’s reagent spectrophotometry
HJ 590 Ambient air - Determination of ozone - Ultraviolet photometric method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 3095 - 2012 and the following apply.
3.1
indoor air quality indicator
physical, chemical, biological and radioactive indicators in indoor air related to human health
3.2
inhalable particulate matter; PM10
particulate matter floating in the air, with particle size (aerodynamic equivalent diameter) less than or equal to 10μm
[Source: GB 3095-2012, 3.3, modified]
3.3
fine particulate matter; PM2.5
particulate matter floating in the air, with particle size (aerodynamic equivalent diameter) less than or equal to 2.5μm
[Source: GB 3095-2012, 3.4, modified]
3.4
total volatile organic compounds; TVOC
volatile organic compounds with retention time between n-hexane and n-hexadecane when sampled by Tenax TA or equivalent filling adsorption tube and analyzed with a non-polar or weak-polar capillary column (polarity index: <10)
3.5
1-hour average
arithmetic average of pollutant concentration in any 1 hour
[Source: GB/T 3095- 2012, 3.8]
3.6
8-hour average
arithmetic average of pollutant concentration in consecutive 8 hours
[Source: GB 3095-2012, 3.9, modified]
3.7
24-hour average
arithmetic average of pollutant concentration in consecutive 24 hours
[Source: GB 3095-2012, 3.10, modified]
4 Requirement for indoor air quality
4.1 Indoor air shall be non-toxic, harmless and have no abnormal smell.
4.2 Indoor air quality indicators and requirements shall comply with the provisions of Table 1.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirement for indoor air quality
5 Determination and evaluation of indoor air quality indicators
Annex A (Nominative) Technical guideline for detection of indoor air quality indicators
Annex B (Nominative) Determination of formaldehyde
Annex C (Normative) Determination of benzene, methylbenzene and xylene
Annex D (Normative) Determination of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC)
Annex E (Normative) Determination of benzo[a]pyrene in inhalable particulate matter
Annex F (Normative) Determination of inhalable particulate matter and fine particulate matter
Annex G (Normative) Determination of total bacterial count
Annex H (Normative) Determination of radon
Bibliography
