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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 18163-2008 Specification of amusement rides astro fighter category. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 18163-2008: —— the scope is modified (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of Edition 2008); —— the clause “Terms and definitions” is added (see Clause 3); —— the common types and main technical parameters of amusement rides astro fighter category are added (see Table 1); ——the requirements for design document, design calculation, risk assessment, etc. are added (see 5.1); ——the basic design requirements are deleted (see Clause 3 of Edition 2008); ——the requirements for electrical installation, grounding and lightning protection are deleted (see Clause 4 of Edition 2008); ——the requirements for pressure loss protection measures of hydraulic and pneumatic device, fall arrest device, deceleration braking device, decorations on rotating part, equipment foundation, non-destructive detection, overall dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance of parts and components, unspecified dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance for machining parts, unspecified dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance for welded structures, inclination tolerance between the swing supporting surface or the bearing end face and the horizontal plane, verticality tolerance between the middle post and the horizontal plane, verticality tolerance between the centerline of the lifting support arm and that of the axle pin at the root of the support arm for the loading device, assembly of gear rack driving, assembly of belt driving, tire pressure, installation of motors, speed reducers and couplings are added (see 5.2); ——the requirements for the release mode of rider tie-down safety device, quick reset measures of loading device and traction device in the load bearing system are added (see 5.3); ——electrical control systems and electrical interlock requirements for ancillary facilities for the safety function of the control system, fail-safe principle of the control system, standby power supply, current collector, control functions of electronic speed-limiting, position-limiting and extreme-position devices, video monitoring system, sensor protection, motor capacity verification, electric device capacity verification, decorative lighting, safety components of the control system, safety interlock function for electrical control system are added (see 5.4); ——the requirements for emergency rescue are added (see 5.5); —— the requirements for surface protection are added (see 5.6); ——the clause “Manufacture and installation” is deleted (see Clause 5 of Edition 2008); ——the clause "Safety devices" is deleted (see Clause 6 of Edition 2008); ——the clause "Inspection" is deleted (see Clause 7 of Edition 2008); ——the clause "Inspection rules" is deleted (see Clause 8 of Edition 2008); ——the requirements for complete machine are added (see 5.7); ——the clause "Requirements for inspection, detection and test" is added (see Clause 6); ——the clause “Accompanying documents, marking, packaging, transportation and storage” is added (see Clause 7). ——the requirements for common critical shafts (axle pins) and critical welds in Annex A are modified (see Annex A; Annex A of Edition 2008). This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Ropeway and Entertainment Facilities of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 250). The previous editions of this standard are as follows: ——GB 18163-2000 and GB/T 18163-2008. Specifications of amusement rides astro fighter category 1 Scope This standard specifies the general provisions, technical requirements, requirements for inspection, detection and test, accompanying documents, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of amusement rides astro fighter category. This standard is applicable to amusement rides astro fighter category. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods GB/T 755-2008 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance GB/T 1184 Geometrical tolerancing - Geometrical tolerances for features without individual tolerance indications GB/T 1804 General tolerances－Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications GB/T 5226.1 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements GB 8408 Large-scale amusement device safety code GB/T 8923 (All parts) Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products - visual assessment of surface cleanliness GB/T 9286-1998 Paints and varnishes - Cross cut test for films GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product GB/T 13912 Metallic coatings - Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test methods GB/T 16754 Safety of machinery - Emergency stop - Principles for design GB/T 16855.1 Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design GB/T 19804 Welding - General tolerances for welded constructions - dimensions for lengths and angles - shape and position GB/T 20306 Amusement devices terminology GB/T 20438 (All parts) Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems GB/T 28265-2012 Safeguard specifications of amusement rides GB/T 34370 (All parts) Nondestructive testing of amusement equipments GB/T 34371 Risk assessment for amusement ride - General principles GB 50231 General code for construction and acceptance of mechanical equipment installation engineering 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 20306 and the following apply. 3.1 astro fighter category amusement rides astro fighter category with the main movement as the cabin rotating around or moving up and down along the center shaft of the equipment body while the cabin itself not rotating 3.2 octopus category amusement rides astro fighter category with the main movement as the cabin rotating around or moving up and down along the center shaft of the equipment body while the cabin rotating around its planetary shaft 3.3 other types of astro fighter category amusement rides astro fighter category with the main movement as the cabin rotating around or moving up and down along the center shaft of the equipment body and accompanied by other movements not belonging to the astro fighter category and octopus category 3.4 fail-safe if the equipment fails, its control system or mechanical mechanism can maintain the safe state or change to the safe state to avoid the occurrence of severe faults or accidents 3.5 single point of failure a part, structural connection point or electrical element on the amusement ride, of which the failure will lead to failure of the entire equipment or endanger the safety of riders 4 General provisions 4.1 The design, manufacture, installation, reconstruction, repair, test and inspection, as well as marking, packaging, transportation and storage of amusement rides astro fighter category shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 8408 and of this standard. 4.2 The common types and main technical parameters of amusement rides astro fighter category should be selected according to Table 1. Table 1 Common types and main technical parameters S.N. Type name Main technical parameters Typical equipment 1 Astro fighter category Swing diameter, number of riders, running height, rotating speed, number of cabins and acceleration Astro fighter 2 Octopus category Swing diameter, number of riders, running height, rotating speed, number of cabins and acceleration Octopus, big straw hat 3 Other types of astro fighter category Swing diameter, number of riders, running height, running speed, rotating speed, number of cabins and acceleration Energy storm, crazy dance and dance fountain 5 Technical requirements 5.1 Basic requirements 5.1.1 The design documents for amusement rides astro fighter category shall at least include design specifications, design calculation, operation and maintenance instructions, risk assessment reports, design verification outline and a complete set of design drawings conforming to relevant national standards. 5.1.2 Strength calculation and fatigue strength calculation shall be carried out during structural design of amusement rides astro fighter category. If the structure is unstable, the stability calculation shall be carried out accordingly. If the whole equipment has a tendency of overturning and sideslip, the calculation for preventing overturning and sideslip shall be carried out accordingly. Where deformation requirements for parts and components are available, the rigidity calculation shall be carried out accordingly. 5.1.3 Critical shafts (axle pins) that are difficult to be inspected and detected on amusement rides astro fighter category shall be designed as infinite lifetime, and shall be subjected to strength calculation and fatigue strength calculation during the design. 5.1.4 The partial load condition of amusement rides astro fighter category shall be calculated at the maximum design wind speed of 15m/s according to the worst partial load condition specified in the design. 5.1.5 Risk assessment shall be carried out for amusement rides astro fighter category in accordance with GB/T 34371 during the design. The assessment shall also be carried out for amusement rides astro fighter category that need to be reconstructed and that continue to be used after the service life of the complete machine expires. Risk assessment shall be carried out from the aspects such as stressed structure and stressed parts and components, electrical control system and components, operating environment of equipment, obstacles around amusement rides, human factors, accident factors, emergency rescue, and the single point of failure shall be identified. In the design phase, unacceptable risks shall be avoided and there shall be free of single point of failure that may not be detected or monitored. 5.1.6 The manufacturer shall prepare corresponding technological documents according to the requirements of design documents. The technological documents shall be able to guide the manufacturing process of parts, components and complete machines and ensure the manufacturing quality. 5.1.7 The manufacturer shall produce acceptable parts and components according to the requirements of design and technological documents, and keep original records of manufacturing and inspection processes. The original records shall be kept for not less than the service life of the equipment. 5.1.8 The installation organization shall ensure the installation quality, provide well-installed complete machines, issue the installation certificate, and keep the original records of the installation and inspection processes according to the requirements of design documents, installation process and installation specifications. 5.2 Machinery and structure 5.2.1 The start-up and operation of the equipment shall be smooth and free of abnormal sound. 5.2.2 The swing joint of hydraulic and pneumatic drive shall be flexible, reliably sealed and convenient for maintenance. 5.2.3 The pressure of hydraulic and pneumatic systems shall be adjusted properly, and shall be free of obvious impact vibration during start-up and shut-down. 5.2.4 The hydraulic station and air compressor station shall be set at appropriate positions and be convenient for maintenance. 5.2.5 If the lifting/lowering of the support arm of the load bearing system or the equipment body is driven by cylinder or air cylinder, where the hydraulic and pneumatic devices suddenly lose pressure, protective measures shall be taken. 5.2.6 The support arm of the load bearing system shall be equipped with a position-limiting device, and the bearings at the axle pins at both ends of the support arm shall be convenient for lubrication. 5.2.7 When the equipment body may be lifted/lowered, it shall be equipped with upper and lower limit devices. The lifting/lowering of the equipment body shall be smooth and free of abnormal sounds. Where the equipment body which may be lifted/lowered falls unexpectedly, which may cause riders to touch the ground or where the lifting/lowering speed of the equipment body is relatively fast in a relatively large range, an effective fall arrest device shall be arranged to ensure that the equipment and riders are safe. 5.2.8 When the load bearing system runs to the lowest position, the rider's feet shall not directly contact with the ground. 5.2.9 The deceleration braking device shall ensure that there is no large impact during emergency shutdown. Inertia shutdown or flexible braking methods such as dynamic braking and energy feedback shall be preferred. After emergency shutdown, the load bearing system shall remain stationary and the riders shall be in a safe state. If necessary, auxiliary locking devices or parking devices shall be arranged. 5.2.10 The rotating part shall be reliably connected with decorations on it so as to be convenient for disassembly and inspection. 5.2.11 The equipment foundation shall be solid to meet the requirements of equipment bearing capacity. The foundation of mobile equipment shall be flat and smooth, and the foundation frame shall meet the anti-sideslip requirements of the equipment. 5.2.12 The critical shafts (axle pins) of amusement rides astro fighter category and critical welds of main stressed parts and components shall be subjected to non-destructive testing according to the methods and requirements specified in GB/T 34370. See Annex A for examples of common critical shafts (axle pins) and critical welds. 5.2.13 The overall dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance of parts and components shall meet the requirements of design documents. Unspecified dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance for machining parts shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 1804 and GB/T 1184. Unspecified dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerance for welded structures shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 19804. 5.2.14 The inclination tolerance between the swing supporting surface or the bearing end face and the horizontal plane is not greater than 1/1,000. 5.2.15 The verticality tolerance between the middle post and the horizontal plane is not greater than 1/1,000. 5.2.16 The verticality tolerance between the centerline of the lifting support arm and that of the axle pin at the root of the support arm for the loading device is not greater than 1/1,000. 5.2.17 The assembly requirements for gear rack, if used for driving, shall comply with the requirements of GB 50231, and the requirements and measurement methods for contact spots of gear meshing shall comply with the requirements of GB 50231. 5.2.18 The assembly requirements for belt, if used for driving, shall comply with the requirements of GB 50231. The belt shall be properly tensioned without obvious deviation, and the guide device shall be flexible and reliable. 5.2.19 Where pneumatic tires are used for driving or supporting, the tire pressure shall meet the design requirements, and the safety of riders shall be ensured upon pressure drop or burst of tire. 5.2.20 Motors, speed reducers and couplings shall be installed well, and the coaxiality and end clearance of the two shafts of the coupling shall meet the requirements of GB 50231. Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General provisions 5 Technical requirements 5.1 Basic requirements 5.2 Machinery and structure 5.3 Load bearing system 5.4 Electrical control system 5.5 Emergency rescue 5.6 Surface protection 5.7 Complete machine 6 Requirements for inspection, detection and test 6.1 Basic requirements 6.2 Machinery and structure 6.3 Load bearing system 6.4 Electrical control system 6.5 Emergency rescue 6.6 Surface protection detection 6.7 Complete machine 7 Accompanying documents, marking, packaging, transportation and storage 7.1 Accompanying documents and marking 7.2 Packaging, transportation and storage Annex A (Informative) Examples of common critical shafts (axle pins) and critical welds 自控飞机类游乐设施通用技术条件 1 范围 本标准规定了自控飞机类游乐设施的总则、技术要求、检验、检测与试验要求、随机文件、标志、包装、运输和贮存。 本标准适用于自控飞机类游乐设施。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 191包装储运图示标志 GB/T 755—2008旋转电机 定额和性能 GB/T 1184形状和位置公差 未注公差值 GB/T 1804一般公差 未注公差的线性和角度尺寸的公差 GB/T 5226.1机械电气安全 机械电气设备 第1部分：通用技术条件 GB 8408 大型游乐设施安全规范 GB/T 8923(所有部分)涂覆涂料前钢材表面处理 表面清洁度的目视评定 GB/T 9286—1998色漆和清漆 漆膜的划格试验 GB/T 13384机电产品包装通用技术条件 GB/T 13912 金属覆盖层 钢铁制件热浸镀锌层技术要求及试验方法 GB/T 16754机械安全 急停 设计原则 GB/T 16855.1机械安全 控制系统安全相关部件 第1部分：设计通则 GB/T 19804焊接结构的一般尺寸公差和形位公差 GB/T 20306游乐设施术语 GB/T 20438(所有部分)电气/电子/可编程电子安全相关系统的功能安全 GB/T 28265—2012游乐设施安全防护装置通用技术条件 GB/T 34370(所有部分)游乐设施无损检测 GB/T 34371游乐设施风险评价 总则 GB 50231 机械设备安装工程施工及验收通用规范 3术语和定义 GB/T 20306界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 自控飞机系列astro fighter category 设备主运动为座舱绕设备主体的中心轴旋转、升降且座舱自身不旋转的自控飞机类游乐设施。 3.2 章鱼系列 octopus category 设备主运动为座舱绕设备主体的中心轴旋转、升降且座舱绕座舱自身的行星轴旋转的自控飞机类游乐设施。 3.3 其他型式自控飞机类 other types of astro fighter category 设备主运动为座舱绕设备的主体中心轴旋转、升降并伴有其他动作且运动形式不属于自控飞机系列、章鱼系列的自控飞机类游乐设施。 3.4 故障-安全fail-safe 设备出现故障后，其控制系统或机械机构能够维持安全状态或向安全状态转移，以避免出现更大故障或事故的模式。 3.5 单一失效点 single point of failure 游乐设施上的某一个零件、结构连接点或电气元件，其失效将会导致整个设备失效或严重危及乘客安全。 4 总则 4.1 自控飞机类游乐设施产品的设计、制造、安装、改造、修理、试验和检验、标志、包装、运输和贮存应满足GB 8408的规定和本标准的相关要求。 4.2 自控飞机类游乐设施常见型式的主要技术参数宜按表1选取。 表1 常见型式主要技术参数 序号 型式名称 主要技术参数 典型设备 1 自控飞机系列 回转直径、承载人数、运行高度、转速、座舱数量、加速度 自控飞机 2 章鱼系列 回转直径、承载人数、运行高度、转速、座舱数量、加速度 章鱼、大草帽 3 其他型式自控飞机类 回转直径、承载人数、运行高度、运行速度、转速、座舱数量、加速度 能量风暴、狂舞、舞蹈喷泉 5技术要求 5.1基本要求 5.1.1 自控飞机类游乐设施的设计文件应至少包括设计说明书、设计计算书、产品使用维护保养说明书、风险评价报告、设计验证大纲及符合国家相关标准的全套设计图纸。 5.1.2 自控飞机类游乐设施结构设计时，应进行强度计算和疲劳强度计算。如果结构有失稳趋势时，需要相应增加稳定性计算。如果设备整体有倾覆、侧滑趋势时，需要相应增加防止倾覆计算、防止侧滑计算。如果零部件有变形要求的，需要相应增加刚度计算。 5.1.3 自控飞机类游乐设施难以检验、检测的重要轴(销轴)应按无限寿命设计，重要轴(销轴)设计时应进行强度计算、疲劳强度计算。 5.1.4 自控飞机类游乐设施的偏载工况计算，应在最大设计风速为15 m/s的情况下，按设计规定的最恶劣偏载工况进行计算。 5.1.5 自控飞机类游乐设施设计阶段应按GB/T 34371进行风险评价，需要改造的或整机设计使用年限到期后仍需继续使用的自控飞机类游乐设施也应进行风险评价。风险评价应分别从受力结构与受力零部件、电气控制系统与部件、设备运行环境、游乐设施周围障碍物、人为因素、意外因素、应急救援等方面进行，并对单一失效点进行辨识。设计阶段应避免不可接受的风险，不应有不可检测或监测的单一失效点。 5.1.6 制造单位应根据设计文件要求，编制相应工艺文件。工艺文件应能够指导零部件和整机的制造过程，并保证制造质量。 5.1.7 制造单位应根据设计文件和工艺文件要求，生产质量合格的零部件，并保存制造和检验过程原始记录，原始记录保存年限应不低于设备使用年限。 5.1.8安装单位应按照设计文件、安装工艺和安装规范的要求，保证安装质量，提供安装合格的整机，出具安装合格证，并保存安装和检验过程原始记录。 5.2机械及结构 5.2.1 设备启动及运行应平稳、无异常声响。 5.2.2液压及气动传动的回转接头应转动灵活、密封可靠、维修方便。 5.2.3液压及气动装置的压力应调整适当，当设备启动和停止时，液压及气动装置不应有明显的冲击振动。 5.2.4 液压站及空压站设置位置应适当，且便于维修。 5.2.5油缸、气缸驱动乘载系统升降支承臂或设备主体升降，液压、气动装置突然失压时应有保护措施。 5.2.6 乘载系统支承臂应设限位装置，支承臂两端销轴处的轴承应便于润滑。 5.2.7设备主体可升降时，应设置上下限位装置。设备主体升降应平稳、无异常声响。可升降的设备主体存在意外坠落可能导致乘客触及地面或设备主体升降速度较快、升降幅度较大时，应设置有效的防坠落装置，保证设备及乘客处于安全状态。 5.2.8乘载系统运行至最低位置时，乘客脚部不宜直接接触地面。 5.2.9减速制动装置应保证紧急停机时不产生较大冲击，优先选用惯性停机或能耗制动、能量反馈等柔性制动方式。紧急停机后，应使乘载系统保持静止状态且乘客处于安全状态，必要时应设置辅助锁紧装置或驻车装置。 5.2.10 转动部分的装饰物应与转动部分连接可靠，并便于拆卸检查。 5.2.11 设备基础应坚实，满足设备承载力要求。移动式设备的基础应平整，基础框架应满足设备防侧滑要求。 5.2.12 自控飞机类游乐设施的重要轴(销轴)和主要受力零部件的重要焊缝应进行无损检测，无损检测方法和要求按GB/T 34370执行。常见重要轴(销轴)和重要焊缝示例参见附录A。 5.2.13 零部件外形尺寸公差和形位公差应符合设计文件要求。机加工零件未注尺寸公差和形位公差应符合GB/T 1804和GB/T 1184的相关要求。焊接结构未注尺寸公差和形位公差应符合GB/T 19804的相关要求。 5.2.14 回转支承面或轴承端面与水平面的倾斜度公差不大于1/1 000。 5.2.15中间立柱与水平面的垂直度公差不大于1/1 000。 5.2.16乘人装置升降支承臂中心线对支承臂根部销轴中心线的垂直度公差不大于1/1 000。 5.2.17用齿轮齿条传动时，其装配要求应符合GB 50231的规定，齿轮啮合的接触斑点要求和测量方法应按GB 50231的规定执行。 5.2.18采用皮带传动时，其装配要求应符合GB 50231的规定。皮带应张紧适度，不应有明显跑偏现象，导向装置应灵活可靠。 5.2.19采用充气轮胎传动或作为支承时，应保证轮胎气压满足设计要求，轮胎气压降低或爆胎时应保证乘客的安全。 5.2.20 电动机、减速机和联轴器应安装良好，联轴器两轴的同轴度和端面间隙应符合GB 50231的规定。 5.2.21 重要结构件应设置有效的排水措施，结构件外表面及其内部不应有残留积水。 5.2.22乘人装置运行时有振动、跳动运动的自控飞机类游乐设施，应设置相应的缓冲装置。 5.3乘载系统 5.3.1 乘人装置框架宜采用金属材料，应具有足够的强度。座席可采用金属、木质、玻璃钢等材料，座席与乘人装置框架应牢固固定且方便检查维护。 5.3.2章鱼系列自控飞机类游乐设施(有封闭座舱及半封闭拦挡门结构座舱的设备除外)以及按照GB 8408规定的设计加速度在区域4和区域5的自控飞机类游乐设施，只允许操作人员手动或自动释放乘客束缚装置，乘客在运行中不得自行打开。 5.3.3乘人装置内应设置与运动形式、设计加速度分区及乘客限制相适应的安全压杠、安全挡杆、安全带、扶手等安全装置。乘客束缚装置应符合GB 8408的规定。对于未设置安全压杠、安全带或安全挡杆的乘人装置，宜设置座舱门或座舱拦挡物。 5.3.4乘人装置有翻滚动作的自控飞机类游乐设施，应有快速复位措施。在停电或紧急停止时，能够使乘客恢复到正常乘坐姿态。 5.3.5乘人装置与乘载系统支承臂连接部分存在由于单个零部件失效进而导致运行时座舱存在甩出风险时，应设置有效的保险措施。 5.3.6保持乘人装置水平的牵引装置应设有保险措施，牵引装置及保险措施与乘人装置连接应牢固可靠，不应直接固定在玻璃钢上。 5.3.7 当动力电源突然断电或设备控制系统发生故障时，应有使乘人装置安全降到地面的措施。 5.4电气控制系统 5.4.1 电气系统应符合GB/T 5226.1的规定。 5.4.2控制系统安全功能宜符合GB/T 16855.1的规定，采用电气电子可编程器件的控制系统宜符合GB/T 20438的规定。 5.4.3安全相关电气控制系统应符合故障安全原则，设计时应至少考虑信号采集错误、控制线路断线、供电线路断线、线路短路、漏电等故障时，安全相关电气控制系统导向安全。 5.4.4设计电路结构及设备时，应对可能发生的故障进行假设，并根据其假设采取具体的防护措施。 5.4.5紧急停车的设计应符合GB/T 16754的规定。 5.4.6设有备用电源的自控飞机类游乐设施，备用电源容量应满足设备顺利疏散乘客的要求。 5.4.7 根据结构和功能的有关规定，集电器可采用轴向或端面滑环的结构型式。集电器应满足设备功能要求，滑环应选用导电性能良好的材料。 5.4.8集电器电刷和滑环应接触良好，并满足电流容量的要求，每个滑环上应设置不少于两个电刷接入点。 5.4.9室外外露的集电器应采取防水措施或具有防水功能，满足外露情况下的使用要求。 5.4.10 电子类的限速、限位、极限位装置控制功能应灵敏可靠。限位开关失效后可能造成风险的，应设置冗余的限位措施。 5.4.11 操作人员在操作室内不能直接观察乘客上下及设备运行的全部情况时，应设置启动安全确认按钮，启动安全确认按钮应与设备启动联锁。 5.4.12 自控飞机类游乐设施应设置视频监控系统，监控系统应处于可用状态，监控显示画面应清晰无干扰，用于观察乘客上下及设备运行的全部情况。 5.4.13安全防护装置选用的传感器防护应符合GB/T 28265—2012中4.4.5的规定。 5.4.14 当设备使用地点的海拔高度超过1 000 m时，应按GB/T 755的规定对电动机容量进行校核；海拔高度超过2 000 m时，还应对电器件进行校核。 5.4.15装饰照明等附属设施的电气控制系统应独立于设备本体的电气控制系统，应设置独立的电气保护装置，故障时不应影响设备本体电气控制系统的正常工作。 5.4.16对于设置升降站台或移动的上下客装置的自控飞机类游乐设施，设备运行时应有可靠的防止误动作措施。升降站台或移动的上下客装置应与控制系统联锁。 5.4.17设备采用多个电机刚性连接共同驱动时，每个电机均应设置独立的电气保护装置。任意单个电机的电气保护装置动作时，设备及乘客均应处于安全状态。 5.4.18控制系统安全部件采用应符合GB/T 16855.1的规定；控制系统电气电子可编程器件中的硬件和软件的采用应满足GB/T 20438的要求。 5.4.19按GB 8408规定的设计加速度分区位于区域4或区域5且设置安全压杠的自控飞机类游乐设施，安全压杠锁紧、闭合应与设备启动联锁。 5.5应急救援 5.5.1 应急救援设备设施应随时保持可用状态。 5.5.2应急救援措施应有效、可靠。在应急救援疏散过程中，应保证乘客安全，防止发生乘客和救援人员在应急救援疏散过程中的二次伤害。 5.6表面防护 5.6.1 自控飞机类游乐设施金属结构应采取适当的表面防护措施，如涂防锈漆、热(浸)镀锌等，或采用不锈钢材料。 5.6.2采用涂防锈漆进行金属结构表面防护，涂装前应进行除锈处理，应达到GB/T 8923中的Sa2 级；主要受力构件之外的构件应达到Sa2或St2级(手工除锈)。漆面应均匀、细致、光亮、完整和色泽一致，不应有粗糙不平、漏漆、错漆、皱纹、针孔及严重流挂等缺陷。推荐漆膜总厚度不少于80 μm。漆膜附着力应符合GB/T 9286—1998中规定的1级质量要求。 5.6.3采用热(浸)镀锌进行金属结构表面防护时，锌层应满足GB/T 13912的规定。 5.7 整机 5.7.1 自控飞机类游乐设施整机应外观状态良好，无破损。 5.7.2主要技术参数中的设备高度、回转直径、座舱数量、每舱承载人数等静态参数应符合设计要求；转速、单侧摆角、运动幅度、速度等动态参数与设计值的允许偏差为-10％～5％。 5.7.3整机运行试验应包含空载、偏载和满载试验。运行试验时不应有异常的振动、冲击、发热、声响及卡滞现象。运行试验后，机械及结构零部件不应有异常磨损、变形、脱落、永久变形及损坏等现象，电气零部件不应有脱落、损坏、异常发热现象。基础不应有不均匀沉降和开裂。 5.7.4 重要受力结构的应力应满足设计要求，必要时应进行应力测试。新设计及修改设计后的首台自控飞机类游乐设施产品的重要受力结构应进行应力测试，应力测试结果应满足设计要求。 5.7.5设计加速度分区位于GB 8408规定的区域3、区域4、区域5的自控飞机类游乐设施产品，应进行加速度测试。加速度测试值不应超过设计值(含冲击系数)的5％。 6检验、检测与试验要求 6.1基本要求 6.1.1 制造、安装单位应依据相关标准、设计文件、制造工艺和设备特点制定具体的检验方案，检验方案应包括机械及结构、乘载系统、电气控制系统、应急救援系统、整机等方面的检验、检测与试验。 6.1.2每台产品安装调试完毕后应按检验方案进行检验、检测与试验，全部检验项目合格方可交付使用。 6.1.3根据结构形式、运行方式和试验目的不同，检验、检测与试验项目可有所增减。 6.1.4根据检验、检测与试验有关要求，选择相应精度的测试仪器及量具。基本参数、重要线性尺寸和角度尺寸检验采用钢卷尺、钢直尺、游标卡尺、万能角度尺等通用量具检查。 6.1.5用于检验、检测与试验的仪器、仪表和其他测量工具，应经法定计量部门检定合格并在有效期内，方可使用。必要时，在测试前后应进行校对。 6.1.6试验条件应满足以下要求： a)除特殊规定外，试验时风速不大于15 m/s； b)除特殊规定外，试验时的环境温度应为-5℃～35℃，环境相对湿度宜不大于85％； c)试验载荷与其额定值的误差不超过±5％。 6.1.7试验前应使自控飞机类游乐设施具备正常的技术状态，以保证试验结果的正确性。 6.1.8试验前应检查自控飞机类游乐设施的机械及结构、乘载系统、电气控制系统、应急救援设备设施中的零部件、元器件及其连接方式、各处紧固件的紧固程度、各润滑点的润滑密封程度，均应与设计一致。 6.1.9试验后对于有问题或疑问的部件应进行检查，对发现的问题及时判明原因并采取措施，做好详细记录，必要时应重新进行载荷试验。 6.1.10各项试验结束后，应编写包含明确要求、检测结果和与相关标准及规定要求的对比考核结果且有明确结论的试验报告。 6.1.11 制造单位应按设计规定的无损检测要求对自控飞机类游乐设施进行无损检测，无损检测结果应满足设计要求。 6.1.12各项检验结束后，应编写检验报告，检验报告至少应包含以下内容： a)检验时间、地点； b)设备名称、编号、主要技术参数； c)检验依据； d)检验项目的名称、要求、方法、结果、检验人员签字； e)检验结论； f)检验报告的编制、审核、审批人员签字。 6.1.13制造单位应保存产品检验报告和有关记录、图样、质量证明文件及技术文件。 6.2机械及结构 6.2.1 试验前后应进行机械及结构的检验，内容至少包含基础、钢结构、传动装置、机械限速限位缓冲装置、机械传动零部件、重要焊缝、重要(轴)销轴、重要螺栓连接等的检查。 6.2.2设备启动及运行应平稳无异常声响。在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况下试验，每种工况下试验不少于3次。 6.2.3在运行及停止时，液压及气动传动的回转接头应转动灵活、密封可靠、维修方便。在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况下试验，每种工况下试验不少于3次。 6.2.4设备启动和停止时，检查液压及气动装置，不应有明显的冲击振动。在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况下试验，每种工况下试验不少于3次。 6.2.5 检查液压站及空压站设置位置，应符合设计要求且便于维修。 6.2.6油缸、气缸驱动乘载系统或设备主体升降且有保护措施时，按设计规定的试验方法，模拟液压、气动装置突然失压的状态进行试验，试验次数不少于3次。保护措施应符合设计要求且安全有效。 6.2.7机械类限速、限位、缓冲装置功能试验应在按设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况，按设计规定的试验方法试验，每种工况下试验不少于3次。机械类限速、限位、位置检测、缓冲装置功能应满足设计要求。 6.2.8乘载系统运行至最低位置时，检查乘客脚部与地面的情况，应满足设计要求。 6.2.9防坠落装置功能试验应按设计规定的试验方法，分别在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况下，每种工况下试验不少于3次。防坠落装置应安全有效且满足设计要求。 6.2.10减速制动装置试验应按设计规定的试验方法，分别在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况及可预见的故障工况下，每种工况下试验不少于3次。减速制动装置应符合设计，减速制动过程应平稳，减速制动装置应有效地减速制动，制动时间应满足设计要求。紧急停止时不产生较大冲击，设备停止后运动部件、乘载系统保持静止状态且乘客处于正常乘坐姿态。 6.2.11 转动部分的装饰物与转动部分连接可靠性试验应在设计允许的空载、偏载、满载工况下试验，每种工况下试验不少于3次。试验后检查转动部分的装饰物应与转动部分连接可靠，便于拆卸。 6.2.12在静止状态下，机械及结构系统主要受力结构应无目视可见形变、连接焊缝无开裂、连接螺栓无松动断裂等现象。设备基础应坚实可靠，移动式设备的基础应平整，基础框架应满足设备防侧滑要求。 6.2.13分别测量回转支承面或轴承端面与水平面的倾斜度公差、中间立柱与水平面的垂直度公差、乘人装置升降支承臂中心线对支承臂根部销轴中心线的垂直度公差，不同方位测量不少于3处，均应不大于1/1 000。 6.2.14采用齿轮及齿条传动时，检查装配情况，并进行齿轮啮合的接触斑点的测量，应符合GB 50231的规定。 6.2.15采用皮带传动时，检查装配情况，应符合GB 50231的规定，皮带应张紧适度，不应有明显跑偏现象，导向装置应灵活可靠。 |
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| GB/T 18163-2020, GB 18163-2020, GBT 18163-2020, GB/T18163-2020, GB/T 18163, GB/T18163, GB18163-2020, GB 18163, GB18163, GBT18163-2020, GBT 18163, GBT18163 |