GB/T 16895 Low-voltage electrical installations is divided into five parts, and each part is divided into several sub-parts:
——Part 1: Fundamental principles, assessment of general characteristics, definition;
——Part 4: Protection for safety;
——Part 5: Selection and erection of electrical equipment;
——Part 6: Verification;
——Part 7: Requirements for special installations or locations.
This part is sub-part 42 of GB/T 16895 Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 4: Protection for safety.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 16895.2-2005 Electrical installations of buildings—Part 4-42: Protection for safety—Protection against thermal effects, and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 16895.2-2005:
——The scope now includes protection against all thermal effects and flames in case of a fire hazard being propagated from electrical installations to other fire compartments segregated by barriers which are in the vicinity.
——Requirements associated with escape routes for evacuation in an emergency have been expanded/modified;
——Requirements associated with the nature of processed or stored materials have been expanded/modified;
——Requirements associated with combustible constructional materials have been expanded/modified;
——Requirements associated with fire propagating structures have been expanded/modified;
——New requirements for the selection and erection of installations in locations which might endanger precious goods have been added;
——Protection against overheating now includes space heating appliances.
This part, by means of translation, is identical to IEC 60364-4-42: 2010 Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 4-42: Protection for safety—Protection against thermal effects.
The Chinese documents identical to the normative international documents given in this part are as follows:
——GB 7000.17-2003 Safety requirements for luminaires with limited surface temperatures (IEC 60598-2-24: 1997, IDT)
——GB/T 18380 (all parts) Tests on electric and optical fiber cables under fire conditions [IEC 60332 (all parts)]
——GB/T 19215 (all parts) Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations [IEC 61084 (all parts)]
——GB/T 19215 (all parts) Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations [IEC 61084 (all parts)]
——GB/T 20041 (all parts) Conduit systems for cable management [IEC 61386 (all parts)]
——GB/T 21762—2008 Cable management—Cable tray systems and cable ladder systems (IEC 61537: 2006, IDT)
This part is identical to IEC 60364-4-42: 2010 in clause and article numbers and technical contents, with only the following editorial changes:
Annex A has been deleted in this part as it is the national note of other countries applying this standard and is irrelevant to China.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 205 National Technical Committee on Electrical Installations of Buildings of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
Part 4-42: Protection for safety—Protection against thermal effects
420.1 Scope
This part of GB/T 16895 applies to electrical installations with regard to measures for the protection of persons, livestock and property against
——thermal effects, combustion or degradation of materials, and risk of burns caused by electrical equipment,
——flames in case of a fire hazard being propagated from electrical installations to other fire compartments segregated by barriers which are in the vicinity, and the impairment of the safe functioning of electrical equipment including safety services.
Note: Protection against overcurrent is dealt with in IEC 60364-4-43.
420.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 16895.18-2010 Electrical installations of buildings—Part 5-51: Selection and erection of electrical equipment—Common rules (IEC 60364-5-51: 2005, IDT)
GB/T 16895.21-2011 Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 4-41: Protection for safety—Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, IDT)
IEC 60332 (all parts) Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions
IEC 60598-2-24 Luminaires Part 2-24: Particular requirements—Luminaires with limited surface temperatures
IEC 61084 (all parts) Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations
IEC 61386 (all parts) Conduit systems for cable management
IEC 61534 (all parts) Powertrack systems
IEC 61537 Cable management—Cable tray systems and cable ladder systems
420.3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
420.3.1
combustible
capable of burning
420.3.2
fire
——a process of combustion characterized by the emission of heat and effluent accompanied by smoke, and/or flame and/or glowing
——rapid combustion spreading uncontrolled in time and space
420.3.3
flammability
ability of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions
420.3.4
ignitability
measure of the ease with which a specimen can be ignited due to the influence of an external source, under specified test conditions
420.3.5
ignition
initiation of combustion
Note: For more information see IEC 60695-4.
420.3.6
non-flam propagating component
component which is liable to ignite, as a result of an applied flame, but in which the flame does not propagate and which extinguishes itself within a limited time after the flame is removed
[IEC 60050-442:1998, 442-01-12]
421 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment
421.1 General requirements
Persons, livestock and property shall be protected against damage or injury caused by heat or fire which may be generated or propagated in electrical installations by taking into account the requirements of this standard and the instructions of equipment manufacturers.
The heat generated by electrical equipment shall not cause danger or harmful effects to adjacent fixed material or to material which may foreseeably be in proximity to such equipment. Electrical equipment shall not present a fire hazard to adjacent materials.
Note: Damage, injury or ignition may be caused by effects such as
——heat accumulation, heat radiation, hot elements,
——reduction of the safe function of electrical equipment, e.g. protective devices such as protective switchgear, thermostats, temperature limiters, seals of cable penetrations and wiring systems,
——overvoltage, see Clause 443 of GB/T 16895.10-2010,
——inappropriate selection or erection of equipment.
Any relevant manufacturer’s erection instructions shall be taken into account in addition to the requirements of the GB/T 16895 series.
421.2 Where fixed equipment may attain surface temperatures which could cause a fire hazard to adjacent materials, the equipment shall either
· be mounted on or within materials that will withstand such temperatures and are of low thermal conductance, or
· be screened from elements of building construction by materials which will withstand such temperatures and are of low thermal conductance, or
Foreword i 420.1 Scope 420.2 Normative references 420.3 Terms and definitions 421 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment 422 Precautions where particular risks of fire exist 422.1 General 422.2 Conditions of evacuation in an emergency 422.3 Locations with risks of fire due to the nature of processed or stored materials 422.4 Locations with combustible constructional materials 422.5 Fire propagating structures 422.6 Selection and erection of installations in locations with endangering of irreplaceable goods 423 Protection against burns 424 Protection against overheating 424.1 Forced air heating systems 424.2 Appliances producing hot water or steam 424.3 Space heating appliances Bibliography
低压电气装置 第4-42部分:安全防护 热效应保护 Low-voltage electrical installations— Part 4-42:Protection for safety—Protection against thermal effects (IEC 60364-4-42:2010,IDT)
已出版的IEC 60598-1:2008规定,没有特殊标记的灯具可直接安装在可燃物表面但是不适合直接安装在可燃物表面的灯具,有如下标记。(洋细内容参见IEC 60598-1:2008的N.4) 和/或 422.5 火灾可蔓延的结构 条件CB2:火灾的蔓延(根据GB/T 16895.18—2010的表51A)。 422.5.1 对于形状和大小会助长火灾蔓延的结构,应采取预防措施以确保电气装置不会蔓延火灾(例如烟囱效应)。 注:可装设火灾探测器防止火灾蔓延.例如管道、建筑孔洞、洞的防火阀(门)的关闭等。符合IEC 60670-1的接线盒和外壳可用于空心墙内和符合IEC 60332-3电缆可被使用。IEC 60670-1中标记H的接线盒和外壳可用于空心墙内。 422.6 危及不可替代物品的场所内电气装置的选择和安装 应满足422.1.2的要求。 注1:包括具有重要价值的建筑物或房屋的场所。 例如:国家历史文物、博物馆和其他公共建筑。如:火车站和机场,建筑或设施如:实验室、计算机中心和某些工业和仓储设施。 注2:可考虑以下措施: ——根据IEC 60702-1要求,敷设矿物绝缘电缆; ——如果发生火灾危险,敷设具有提高耐火特性的电缆,且符合IEC 60331-1或IEC 60331-21或类似的规定; ——在非可燃实体墙、天花板和地板中敷设电缆; ——在具有30 min或90 min耐火性能的建筑分区中敷设电缆,后者的场所是指住宅楼梯和紧急疏散通道。 如这些措施不可行,可通过使消防灭火系统加强防护。 423 灼伤防护 在伸臂范围内的电气设备,其可接近部分的温度不应达到可能造成人员灼伤的程度,并且应遵守表42.1所列的相应温度限值的规定。在正常工作中,装置的所有部分即使是短时间的,其温度可能出现超过表42.1所列限值时,应加以防护,防止任何意外接触。表42.1中的值不适用于已符合国家标准的某些设备。 注:如符合条件BA2(儿童),较低的温度可能是可行的。 表42.1 伸臂范围内设备的可触及部分正常工作时的温度限值 可触及部分 可触及表面的材料 最高温度 ℃ 操作时手握的部分 金属的 非金属的 55 65 有意触及的,但非手握的部分 金属的 非金属的 70 80 正常操作时不必触及的部分 金属的 非金属的 80 90 424 过热防护 424.1 强迫通风加热系统 强迫通风加热系统的加热元件,除中央蓄热器外,其加热元件直到产生了规定的气流量才会被起动,且当气流量少于规定值时不能起动。另外,应设置两个独立的限温器件,可防止通风管道中的温度超过允许值。 加热元件的支撑零件、框架和外壳应均为非可燃性材料。 424.2 产生热水或蒸汽的设备 所行产生热水或蒸汽的设备在各种工作状态下都应被保护,设计或安装都不应导致其过热。除非这些设备完全符合相应国家标准的规定,否则应采用一种适当的非自动复位式元件来保护,该元件的工作与设备的温度控制器无关。 如果这类设备没有溢出口,还应有限制水压的器件。 424.3 空间加热设备 空间加热设备的框架和外壳应为非可燃性材料。 注:在有火灾危险的工作区域,如果空气是从这些工作区域引至设备,那么空间加热设备不能运行。 热辐射中不能触摸的辐射加热器,其侧置应与可燃零件保持足够的距离。当设置不可燃隔板使分隔距离减少时,该隔板与辐射加热器的外壳以及可燃零件的距离至少应为1 cm。除非制造商另行规定,安装辐射加热器并确保热辐射方向与易燃零件的安全距离宜至少为2 m。 参考文献 [1] GB/T 2900.70—2008 电工术语 电器附件(IEC 60050-442:1998,IDT) [2] GB 3836.15—2000 爆炸性气体环境用电气设备 第15部分:危险场所电气安装(煤矿除外)(eqv IEC 60079-14:1996) [3] GB/T 16895.10—2010 低压电气装置 第4-44部分:安全防护 电压骚扰和电磁骚扰防护(IEC 60364-4-44:2007,IDT) [4] GB/T 18380.12—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第12部分:单根绝缘电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 1 kW预混合型火焰试验方法(IEC 60332-1-2:2004,IDT) [5] GB/T 18380.32—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第32部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 A F/R类(IEC 60332-3-21:2000,IDT) [6] GB/T 18380.33—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第33部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 A类(IEC 60332-3-22:2000,IDT) [7] GB/T 18380.34—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第34部分:垂直安装的成束线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 B类(IEC 60332-3-23:2000,IDT) [8] GB/T 18380.35—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第35部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 C类(IEC 60332-3-24:2000,IDT) [9] GB/T 18380.36—2008 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第36部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 D类(IEC 60332-3-25:2000,IDT) [10] IEC 60331-1 Tests for electric cables under fire conditions—Circuit integrity—Part 1:Test method for fire with shock at a temperature of at least 830℃ for cables of rated voltage up to and including 0.6/1.0 kV and with an overall diameter exceeding 20 mm [11] IEC 60331-21 Tests for electric cables under fire conditions Circuit integrity Part 21:Procedures and requirements—Cables of rated voltage up to and including 0.6/1.0 kV [12] IEC 60364-4-43 Low—voltage electrical installations—Part 4-43:Protection for safety—Protection against overcurrent [13] IEC 60364-5-52 Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 5-52:Selection and erection of electrical equipment—Wiring systems [14] IEC 60364-5-55:2001 Electrical installations of buildings—Part 5-55:Selection and erection of electrical equipment—Other equipment [15] IEC 60364-7-753 Low-voltage electrical installations Part 7-753:Requirements for special installations or locations—Floor and ceiling heating systems [16] IEC 60598 (all parts) Luminaires [17] IEC 60598-1:2003 Luminaires—Part 1:General requirements and tests [18] IEC 60598-1:2008 Luminaires—Part 1:General requirements and tests [19] IEC 60670-1 Boxes and enclosures for electrical accessories for household and similar fixed electrical installations—Part 1:General requirements [20] IEC 60695-4 Fire hazard testing—Part 4:Terminology concerning fire tests for electro-technical products [21] IEC 60702-1 Mineral insulated cables and their terminations with a rated voltage not exceeding 750 V—Part 1:Cables [22] IEC 60947-2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 2:Circuit-breakers [23] IEC 61034-2 Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions—Part 2:Test procedure and requirements [24] IEC 61084-1 Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations—part 1:General requirements [25] IEC 61386-1 Conduit systems for cable management—Part 1:General requirements [26] IEC 61439-1 Low—voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies—Part 1:General rules [27] IEC 62020 Electrical accessories—Residual current monitors for household and similar uses (RCMs) [28] IEC 62305 (all parts) Protection against lightning [29] EN 50272-2 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations—Part 2:Stationary batteries