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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. GB/T 12706 consists of 4 parts under the general title Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV): ——Part 1: Cables for rated voltage of 1kV (Um=1.2kV) and 3kV (Um=3.6kV); ——Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV); ——Part 3: Cables for rated voltages of 35kV (Um= 40.5kV); ——Part 4: Test requirements on accessories for cables with rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV). This is Part 2 of GB/T 12706. This part replaces GB/T 12706.2-2008 Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV). In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 12706.2-2008: ——The halogen-free flame-retardant (ST8) sheath material is added (see Table 4); ——The requirements for insulation, inner coverings and fillers, separation sheath and oversheath of halogen-free flame-retardant cables are added (see 6.1, 8.2.2, 13.3.3, 14.2 and Table 5); ——The requirements for the nominal insulation thickness of cables with rated voltages of 18/20(24)kV are added (see Tables 7 and 8); ——The requirements for extruded inner covering and lapped inner covering are modified (see 8.2; 8.1 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for the overlap rate of copper strips are modified (see 10.2.3; 10.2.3 of Edition 2008); ——The calculation formula for nominal thickness of lead sheath are modified (see Clause 12; 12.1 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for armouring materials are modified (see 13.2; 13.2 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for the diameter of thick round metal wires and those for the nominal thickness of separation sheath or inner covering under armour are added (see 13.4, Table 10 and 13.6); ——The requirements for thickness of oversheath are modified (see 14.3; 14.3 of Edition 2008); ——The method for determination of the cable conductor temperature during test is added (see 15.4 and Annex C); ——The withstand test of oversheath with semi-conductive layer is added (see 16.1 and 16.5); ——The requirements for the thickness of non-metal sheath are modified (see 17.5.3 and 19.3; 17.5.3 and 19.2 of Edition 2008); ——The measurement of the overlap rate of lapped tape and the gap rate of metal tape is added (see 17.11); ——The thickness measurement of lapped inner covering and (or) lapped bedding is added (see 17.12 and 19.26); ——The requirements for the diameter of bending test cylinder are modified (see 18.2.4; 18.1.3 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for the measurement of thickness of lead sheath are added (see 19.4); ——Tests on mechanical properties, pressure at high temperature, behaviour at low temperature, burning behavior and water absorption of halogen-free flame-retardant (ST8) sheath material are added (see 19.6, 19.7, 19.9, 19.10, 19.16, 19.25, Tables 21 and 25); ——The flame spread test of cables is modified (see 19.16; 19.14 of Edition 2008); ——The applicable objects of the measurement of carbon black content of black PE oversheaths are modified (see 19.17.1; 19.15.1 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for electrical tests after installation of cables are modified (see 20.3.1; 20.2.1 of Edition 2008); ——The time under load of hot set test is deleted (see Tables 15 and 16; Tables 19 and 23 of Edition 2008); ——The requirements for electrical test on insulation are modified (see Table 17; Table 15 of Edition 2008); ——The rounding rules for specified values are added (see B.3); ——The code of polyolefin oversheath is added (see G.1.1); ——The representation method of flame retardant cable products is added (see G.1.3); ——The requirements for delivery length and marking of finished cable are added (see G.2.2 and G.2.3); ——The recommendation of ambient temperature during installation of halogen-free flame-retardant sheathed cables is added (see G.3.1). This part has been redrafted and modified adoption of IEC 60502-2:2014 Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV) - Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV). The following main structural changes have been made with respect to IEC 60502-2:2014: ——The hanging paragraphs in 17.9 are adjusted according to the requirements of GB/T 1.1-2009 ——Tables 5 and 25 are added; ——The table numbers are adjusted in the order of references. Starting from Table 6, the correspondence between tables in this part and those in IEC 60502-2:2014 is Table 6 corresponding to Table 5, Table 7 to Table 6, Table 8 to Table 7, Table 9 to Table 8, Table 10 to Table 9, Table 11 to Table 10, Table 12 to Table 11, Table 13 to Table 12, Table 14 to Table 13, Table 15 to Table 19, Table 16 to Table 23, Table 17 to Table 15, Table 18 to Table 14, Table 19 to Table 16, Table 20 to Table 17, Table 21 to Table 20, Table 22 to Table 21, Table 23 to Table 28, and Table 24 to Table 22; ——12.1 and 12.12 are deleted; ——17.11, 17.12, 19.25 and 19.26 are added; ——Clause 21 is added; ——Annex B is deleted, and Annex G is added, so that the annex numbers are changed. Annex B and Annex C of this part correspond to Annex C and Annex G of IEC 60502-2:2014 respectively. The main technical differences of this part from IEC 60502-2:2014 and their justifications are as follows: ——The adjustment on technical differences has been made on “Normative references” of this part to meet the technical specification in China; the adjustment situations are embodied in a concentrated way in Clause 2 - "Normative references" and the specific adjustments are as follows: IEC 60038 is replaced by GB/T 156 which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 4.1); IEC 60811-201, IEC 60811-202, IEC 60811-203 and IEC 60811-501 are replaced by GB/T 2951.11-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 17.5.1, 17.8, 19.2.2, 19.3.2, 19.4.2, 19.5.3, 19.6.1, 19.6.3, 19.21.1, and Tables 16, 20 and 21); IEC 60811-401 is replaced by GB/T 2951.12-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.5.2, 19.6.2, 19.7, and Tables 20 and 21); IEC 60811-402, IEC 60811-502, IEC 60811-503 and IEC 60811-606 are replaced by GB/T 2951.13-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.15.1, 19.18.1, 19.22.1, 19.25.1, and Tables 15, 23, 24 and 25); IEC 60811-504, IEC 60811-505 and IEC 60811-506 are replaced by GB/T 2951.14-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.10, and Tables 22, 23 and 25); IEC 60811-403, IEC 60811-404 and IEC 60811-507 are replaced by GB/T 2951.21-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 17.10.1, 19.12, 19.14.1, and Tables 15 and 16); IEC 60811-508 and IEC 60811-509 are replaced by GB/T 2951.31-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.9, 19.11 and Tables 22, 23, 24 and 25); IEC 60811-405 and IEC 60811-409 are replaced by GB/T 2951.32-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.8.1, 19.19.1, and Tables 22 and 23); IEC 60811-605 is replaced by GB/T 2951.41-2008 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.17.1 and Table 24); GB/T 3048.10 is added for reference (see 13.3.3 and 14.1); IEC 60885-3 is replaced by GB/T 3048.12 which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 16.3 and 18.2.5); IEC 60230 is replaced by GB/T 3048.13 which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 15.3, 18.2.8 and 18.3.5.1); IEC 60228 is replaced by GB/T 3956 which is identical to the international standard (see Clause 5, 10.2.1, 16.2 and 17.4); GB/T 6995.3 is added for reference (see G.2.3); GB/T 7113.2 is added for reference (see 19.16.6.1 and Table 5); GB/T 8170 is added for reference (see B.3); GB/T 11017.2-2014 is added for reference (see 10.2.2); GB/T 11091 is added for reference (see 10.2.3); GB/T 12706.1 is added for reference (see Table 2, 17.11 and 17.12); IEC 60060-1 is replaced by GB/T 16927.1 which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 15.3); IEC 60060-3 is replaced by GB/T 16927.3 which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 20.3.1); IEC 60287-3-1 is deleted; GB/T 17650.1 and GB/T 17650.2 are added for reference (see 19.16 and Table 5); GB/T 18380.11 and GB/T 18380.13 are added for reference (see 19.16.1); IEC 60332-1-2 is replaced by GB/T 18380.12 which is identical to the international standard (see 19.16.1); GB/T 18380.33, GB/T 18380.34, GB/T 18380.35 and GB/T 18380.36 are added for reference (see 19.16.2); GB/T 19666 is added for reference (see G.1.3); JB/T 8137 (all parts) is added for reference (see G.2.4.1); IEC 60183 is replaced by JB/T 8996 which is not equivalent to the international standard (see 4.1); IEC 61034-2 is added for reference (see 19.16.3); The non-normative references IEC 60853 and IEC 60986 are included in the Bibliography; ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the term of “fictitious value” is deleted (see Clause 3); ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the requirements for the nominal insulation thickness of cables with rated voltages of 18/20(24)kV are added (see Tables 7 and 8); ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the thickness requirements (see 8.2.3 and 8.2.4) and technical requirements (see 17.5, 17.12, 19.3 and 19.26) for extruded and lapped inner coverings are modified; ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the thickness test requirements of extruded inner coverings are added (see 17.5 and 19.3); ——In order to clarify the requirements of copper strip materials for cables, the requirements of copper strip raw materials are added (see 10.2.3); ——To ensure the quality of extruded separation sheath and oversheath, the requirements for spark test of extruded separation sheath and oversheath are added (see 13.3.3 and 14.1); ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the requirements for the diameter of thick round metal wire and those for the nominal thickness of separation sheath or inner covering under armour are added (see 13.4, Table 10 and 13.6); ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, halogen-free flame-retardant sheath materials (see Tables 4 and 14.2) and corresponding requirements and tests (see 19.16, 19.25, and Tables 5 and 24) are added; ——In order to meet the technical requirements of China, the requirements for measurement of overlap rate and gap rate of lapped materials (see 17.11) and the thickness measurement of lapped inner covering and (or) lapped bedding (see 17.12 and 19.26) are added; ——In order to improve the domestic burning requirements for power cables, the flame spread test of cables is modified (see 19.16); ——In order to improve the domestic technical requirements for power cables, the rounding rules for specified values (see B.3) the supplementary items for cable products (see Clause 21 and Annex G) are added; The following editorial changes have been made in this part: ——In order to adapt to China's technical standard system, the standard name is changed to Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV); ——Annex B - “Tabulated continuous current ratings for cables having extruded insulation and a rated voltage from 3.6/6kV up to 18/30kV”, an informative annex to IEC 60502-2:2014, is deleted. This part was proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association. This part is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 213 National Technical Committee on Wires and Cables of Standardization Administration of China. The previous editions of this part are as follows: ——GB 12706.2-1991, GB/T 12706.2-2002 and GB/T 12706.2-2008; ——GB 12706.1-1991; ——GB 12706.3-1991. Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from 6kV (Um=7.2kV) up to 30kV (Um=36kV) 1 Scope This part of GB/T 12706 specifies the construction, dimensions and test requirements of power cables with extruded insulation for rated voltages from 6kV to 30kV. This part is applicable to the power cables with extruded insulation for rated voltages from 6kV to 30kV for fixed installations such as distribution networks or industrial installations. It is also applicable to cables with longitudinal watertightness and their tests. When determining applications, it is recommended that the possible risk of radial water ingress is considered. Cables for special installation and service conditions are not included, for example cables for overhead networks, the mining industry, nuclear power plants (in and around the containment area) nor for submarine use or shipboard application. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 156 Standard voltages (GB/T 156-2017, IEC 60038:2009, MOD) GB/T 2951.11-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 11: Methods for general application - Measurement of thickness and overall dimensions - Tests for determining the mechanical properties (IEC 60811-1-1:2001, IDT) GB/T 2951.12-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 12: Methods for general application - Thermal ageing methods (IEC 60811-1-2:1985, IDT) GB/T 2951.13-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 13: Methods for general application - Measurement for determining the density - Water absorption tests - Shrinkage test (IEC 60811-1-3:2001, IDT) GB/T 2951.14-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 14: Methods for general application - Test at low temperature (IEC 60811-1-4:1985, IDT) GB/T 2951.21-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 21: Methods specific to elastomeric compounds - Ozone resistance, hot set and mineral oil immersion tests (IEC 60811-2-1:2001, IDT) GB/T 2951.31-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 31: Methods specific to PVC compounds - Pressure test at high temperature - Test for resistance to cracking (IEC 60811-3-1:1985, IDT) GB/T 2951.32-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric cables - Part 32: Methods specific to PVC compounds - Loss of mass test - Thermal stability test (IEC 60811-3-2:1985, IDT) GB/T 2951.41-2008 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Part 41: Methods specific to polyethylene and polypropylene compounds - Resistance to environmental stress cracking - Measurement of the melt flow index - Carbon black and/or mineral filler content measurement in polyethylene by direct combustion - Measurement of carbon black content by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) - Assessment of carbon black dispersion in polyethylene using a microscope (IEC 60811-4-1:2004, IDT) GB/T 3048.10 Test methods for electrical properties of electric cables and wires - Part 10: Spark test of extruded protective sheaths GB/T 3048.12 Test methods for electrical properties of electric cables and wires - Part 12: Partial discharge test (GB/T 3048.12-2007, IEC 60885-3:1988, MOD) GB/T 3048.13 Test methods for electrical properties of electric cables and wires - Part 13: Impulse voltage test (GB/T 3048.13-2007, IEC 60230:1966, IEC 60060-1:1989, MOD) GB/T 3956 Conductors of insulated cables (GB/T 3956-2008, IEC 60228:2004, IDT) GB/T 6995.3 Markings for electric cables and wires - Part 3: Identifications of cables and wires GB/T 7113.2 Flexible insulating sleeving - Part 2: Methods of test (GB/T 7113.2-2014, IEC 60684-2:2003, MOD) GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values GB/T 11017.2-2014 Power cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation and their accessories for rated voltage of 110kV (Um=126kV) - Part 2: Power cables GB/T 11091 Copper strip for cables GB/T 12706.1 Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from 1kV (Um=1.2kV) up to 35kV (Um=40.5kV) - Part 1: Cables for rated voltage of 1kV (Um=1.2kV) and 3kV (Um=3.6kV) (GB/T 12706.1-2020, IEC 60502-1:2009, MOD) GB/T 16927.1 High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and test requirements (GB/T 16927.1-2011, IEC 60060-1:2010, MOD) GB/T 16927.3 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment - Part 3: Definitions and requirements for on-site testing (GB/T 16927.3-2010, IEC 60060-3:2006, MOD) GB/T 17650.1 Test on gases evolved during combustion of materials from cables - Part 1: Determination of the amount of halogen acid gas (GB/T 17650.1-1998, IEC 60754-1:1994, IDT) GB/T 17650.2 Test on gases evolved during combustion of materials from cables - Part 2: Determination of degree of acidity of gases by measuring pH and conductivity (GB/T 17650.2-1998, IEC 60754-2:1991, IDT) GB/T 18380.11 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 11: Test for vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable - Apparatus (GB/T 18380.11-2008, IEC 60332-1-1:2004, IDT) GB/T 18380.12 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 12: Test for vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable - Procedure for 1kW pre-mixed flame (GB/T 18380.12-2008, IEC 60332-1-2:2004, IDT) GB/T 18380.13 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 13: Test for vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable - Procedure for determination of flaming droplets/particles (GB/T 18380.13-2008, IEC 60332-1-3:2004, IDT) GB/T 18380.33 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 33: Test for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables - Category A (GB/T 18380.33-2008, IEC 60332-3-22:2000, IDT) GB/T 18380.34 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 34: Test for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables - Category B (GB/T 18380.34-2008, IEC 60332-3-23:2000, IDT) GB/T 18380.35 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 35: Test for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables - Category C (GB/T 18380.35-2008, IEC 60332-3-24:2000, IDT) GB/T 18380.36 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 36: Test for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables - Category D (GB/T 18380.36-2008, IEC 60332-3-25:2000, IDT) GB/T 19666 Flame retardant and fire resistant wires and cables JB/T 8137 (all parts) Delivery drums for wires and cables JB/T 8996 Guide to the selection of high-voltage cables (JB/T 8996-2014, IEC 60183:1984, NEQ) IEC 60229:2007 Electric cables - Tests on extruded oversheaths with a special protective function IEC 61034-2 Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions - Part 2: Test procedure and requirements ISO 48 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Terms concerning dimensional values 3.1.1 nominal value value by which a quantity is designated and which is often used in tables Note: Usually, in this part, nominal values give rise to values to be checked by measurements taking into account specified tolerances. 3.1.2 approximate value value which is neither guaranteed nor checked Note: It is used, for example, for the calculation of other dimensional values. 3.1.3 median value when several test results have been obtained and ordered in an increasing (or decreasing) succession, the median value is the middle value if the number of available values is odd, and the mean of the two middle values if the number is even 3.2 Definitions concerning the tests 3.2.1 routine tests tests made by the manufacturer on each manufactured length of cable to check that each length meets the specified requirements 3.2.2 sample tests tests made by the manufacturer on samples of completed cable or components taken from a completed cable, at a specified frequency, so as to verify that the finished product meets the specified requirements 3.2.3 type tests tests made before supplying, on a general commercial basis, a type of cable covered by this part, in order to demonstrate satisfactory performance characteristics to meet the intended application Note: These tests are of such a nature that, after they have been made, they need not be repeated, unless changes are made in the cable materials or design or manufacturing process which might change the performance characteristics. 3.2.4 electrical tests after installation tests made to demonstrate the integrity of the cable and its accessories as installed 4 Voltage designations and materials 4.1 Rated voltages The rated voltages U0/U (Um) of the cables considered in this part are as follows: 3.6/6 (7.2)kV, 6/6 (7.2)kV, 6/10 (12)kV, 8.7/10 (12)kV, 8.7/15 (17.5)kV, 12/20 (24)kV, 18/20 (24)kV and 18/30 (36)kV. Note: The voltages given above are the correct designations although in some countries other designations are used, e.g. 3.5/6kV, 5.8/10kV, 11.5/20kV and 17.3/30kV. In the voltage designation of cables U0/U (Um): ——U0 is the rated power frequency voltage between conductor and earth or metal screen for which the cable is designed; ——U is the rated power frequency voltage between conductors for which the cable is designed; ——Um is the maximum value of the "highest system voltage'' for which the equipment may be used (see GB/T 156). Foreword III 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Voltage designations and materials 5 Conductors 6 Insulation 7 Screening 8 Assembly of three-core cables, inner coverings and fillers 9 Metal layers for single-core and three-core cables 10 Metal screen 11 Concentric conductor 12 Lead sheath 13 Metal armour 14 Oversheath 15 Test conditions 16 Routine tests 17 Sample tests 18 Electrical type tests 19 Non-electrical type tests 20 Electrical tests after installation 21 Supplementary terms for cable products Annex A (Normative) Fictitious calculation method for determination of dimensions of protective coverings Annex B (Normative) Rounding of numbers Annex C (Informative) Determination of the cable conductor temperature Annex D (Normative) Method of measuring resistivity of semi-conducting screens Annex E (Normative) Determination of hardness of HEPR insulations Annex F (Normative) Water penetration test Annex G (Normative) Supplementary terms of cable products Bibliography Figure C.1 Typical test set-up for the reference loop and the main test loop Figure C.2 Example of an arrangement of the temperature sensors on the conductor of the reference loop Figure D.1 Measurement of the volume resistivity of the conductor screen Figure D.2 Measurement of the volume resistivity of the insulation screen Figure E.1 Test on surfaces of large radius of curvature Figure E.2 Test on surfaces of small radius of curvature Figure F.1 Schematic diagram of apparatus for water penetration test Figure G.1 Composition and arrangement sequence of product model Table 1 Recommended rated voltages U Table 2 Insulating compounds Table 3 Maximum conductor temperatures for different types of insulating compound Table 4 Maximum conductor temperatures for different types of sheathing compound Table 5 Test methods and requirements for halogen free compounds Table 6 Nominal thickness of PVC/B insulation Table 7 Nominal thickness of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation Table 8 Nominal thickness of ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) and hard ethylene propylene rubber (HEPR) insulation Table 9 Thickness of extruded inner covering Table 10 Nominal diameter of round armour wires Table 11 Nominal thickness of armour tapes Table 12 Routine test voltages Table 13 Number of samples for sample tests Table 14 Voltages for sample tests Table 15 Test requirements for particular characteristics of various thermosetting insulating compounds Table 16 Test requirements for particular characteristics of elastomeric sheathing compound Table 17 Electrical type test requirements for insulating compounds Table 18 Impulse voltages Table 19 Non-electrical type tests Table 20 Test requirements for mechanical characteristics of cable insulation (before and after ageing) Table 21 Test requirements for mechanical characteristics of sheathing compounds (before and after ageing) Table 22 Test requirements for particular characteristics for PVC sheathing compounds Table 23 Test requirements for particular characteristics for PVC insulating compound Table 24 Test requirements for particular characteristics of PE (thermoplastic polyethylene) sheathing compounds Table 25 Test requirements for particular characteristics for halogen free sheathing compounds Table A.1 Fictitious diameter of conductor Table A.2 Increase in diameter for concentric conductors and metallic screens Table A.3 Increase in diameter for additional bedding Table B.1 Rounded digits of specified values, measured values or their calculated value Table G.1 Common cable models Table G.2 Minimum bending radius during cable installation 额定电压1 kV(Um=1.2 kV)到35 kV (Um=40.5 kV)挤包绝缘电力电缆及附件 第2部分:额定电压6 kV(Um=7.2 kV)到30 kV(Um=36 kV)电缆 1 范围 GB/T 12706的本部分规定了额定电压6 kV 到30 kV 挤包绝缘电力电缆的结构、尺寸和试验要求。 本部分适用于配电网或工业装置中固定安装的额定电压6 kV 到30 kV 挤包绝缘电力电缆。本部分也适用于纵向阻水结构电缆及其试验。在决定电缆应用时,宜考虑径向进水的可能风险。 本部分不适用于特殊安装和运行条件的电缆,例如架空电缆、采矿工业、核电厂(安全壳内及其附近),以及水下或船舶的电缆。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 156 标准电压(GB/T 156—2017,IEC 60038:2009,MOD) GB/T 2951.11—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第11部分:通用试验方法 厚度和外形尺寸测量 机械性能试验(IEC 60811-1-1:2001,IDT) GB/T 2951.12—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第12部分:通用试验方法 热老化试验方法(IEC 60811-1-2:1985,IDT) GB/T 2951.13—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第13部分:通用试验方法 密度测定方法 吸水试验 收缩试验(IEC 60811-1-3:2001,IDT) GB/T 2951.14—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第14部分:通用试验方法 低温试验(IEC 60811-1-4:1985,IDT) GB/T 2951.21—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第21部分:弹性体混合料专用试验方法 耐臭氧试验 热延伸试验 浸矿物油试验(IEC 60811-2-1:2001,IDT) GB/T 2951.31—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第31部分:聚氯乙烯混合料专用试验方法 高温压力试验 抗开裂试验(IEC 60811-3-1:1985,IDT) GB/T 2951.32—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第32部分:聚氯乙烯混合料专用试验方法 失重试验 热稳定性试验(IEC 60811-3-2:1985,IDT) GB/T 2951.41—2008 电缆和光缆绝缘和护套材料通用试验方法 第41部分:聚乙烯和聚丙烯混合料专用试验方法 耐环境应力开裂试验 熔体指数测量方法 直接燃烧法测量聚乙烯中碳黑和(或)矿物质填料含量 热重分析法(TGA)测量碳黑含量 显微镜法评估聚乙烯中碳黑分散度(IEC 60811-4-1:2004,IDT) GB/T 3048.10 电线电缆电性能试验方法 第10部分:挤出护套火花试验 GB/T 3048.12 电线电缆电性能试验方法 第12部分:局部放电试验(GB/T 3048.12—2007,IEC 60885-3:1988,MOD) GB/T 3048.13 电线电缆电性能试验方法 第13部分:冲击电压试验(GB/T 3048.13—2007,IEC 60230:1966,IEC 60060-1:1989,MOD) GB/T 3956 电缆的导体 (GB/T 3956—2008,IEC 60228:2004,IDT) GB/T 6995.3 电线电缆识别标志方法 第3部分:电线电缆识别标志 GB/T 7113.2 绝缘软管 第2部分:试验方法(GB/T 7113.2—2014,IEC 60684-2:2003,MOD) GB/T 8170 数值修约规则与极限数值的表示和判定 GB/T 11017.2—2014 额定电压110 kV(Um=126 kV)交联聚乙烯绝缘电力电缆及其附件 第2部分:电缆 GB/T 11091 电缆用铜带 GB/T 12706.1 额定电压1 kV(Um =1.2 kV)到35 kV (Um =40.5 kV)挤包绝缘电力电缆及附件 第1部分:额定电压1 kV (Um =1.2 kV)和3 kV(Um =3.6 kV)电缆(GB/T 12706.1—2020,IEC 60502-1:2009,MOD) GB/T 16927.1 高电压试验技术 第1 部分:一般定义及试验要求(GB/T 16927.1—2011,IEC 60060-1:2010,MOD) GB/T 16927.3 高电压试验技术 第3部分:现场试验的定义及要求(GB/T 16927.3—2010,IEC 60060-3:2006,MOD) GB/T 17650.1 取自电缆或光缆的材料燃烧时释出气体的试验方法 第1部分:卤酸气体总量的测定(GB/T 17650.1—1998,IEC 60754-1:1994,IDT) GB/T 17650.2 取自电缆或光缆的材料燃烧时释出气体的试验方法 第2部分:用测量pH 值和电导率来测定气体的酸度(GB/T 17650.2—1998,IEC 60754-2:1991,IDT) GB/T 18380.11 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第11部分:单根绝缘电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 试验装置(GB/T 18380.11—2008,IEC 60332-1-1:2004,IDT) GB/T 18380.12 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第12部分:单根绝缘电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验1kW 预混合型火焰试验方法(GB/T 18380.12—2008,IEC 60332-1-2:2004,IDT) GB/T 18380.13 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第13部分:单根绝缘电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验 测定燃烧的滴落(物)/微粒的试验方法(GB/T 18380.13—2008,IEC 60332-1-3:2004,IDT) GB/T 18380.33 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第33部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验A 类(GB/T 18380.33—2008,IEC 60332-3-22:2000,IDT) GB/T 18380.34 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第34部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验B类(GB/T 18380.34—2008,IEC 60332-3-23:2000,IDT) GB/T 18380.35 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第35部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验C类(GB/T 18380.35—2008,IEC 60332-3-24:2000,IDT) GB/T 18380.36 电缆和光缆在火焰条件下的燃烧试验 第36部分:垂直安装的成束电线电缆火焰垂直蔓延试验D类(GB/T 18380.36—2008,IEC 60332-3-25:2000,IDT) GB/T 19666 阻燃和耐火电线电缆通则 JB/T8137(所有部分) 电线电缆交货盘 JB/T8996 高压电缆选择导则(JB/T8996—2014,IEC 60183:1984,NEQ) IEC 60229:2007 电力电缆 具有特殊保护作用的挤包外护套试验(Electri ccables—Tests on extruded oversheaths with a special protective function) IEC 61034-2 电缆或光缆在特定条件下燃烧的烟密度测定 第2部分:试验步骤和要求(Meas-urement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions—Part2:Test procedure and requirements) ISO 48 硫化型或热塑型橡胶 硬度确定(硬度在10 IRHD 和100 IRHD 之间)[Rubber,vulcanized or thermoplastic—Determination of hardness(hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD)] 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 有关尺寸值术语 3.1.1 标称值 nominal value 指定的量值并经常用于表格之中。 注:在本部分中,通常标称值引申出的量值在考虑规定公差下通过测量进行检验。 3.1.2 近似值 approximate value 既不保证也不检查的数值。 注:近似值可用于其他尺寸值的计算。 3.1.3 中间值 median value 将试验得到的若干数值以递增(或递减)的次序依次排列时,若数值的数目是奇数,中间的那个值;若数值的数目是偶数,中间两个数值的平均值。 3.2 有关试验的术语 3.2.1 例行试验 routine tests 由制造方在成品电缆的所有制造长度上进行的试验,以检验所有电缆是否符合规定的要求。 3.2.2 抽样试验 sample tests 由制造方按规定的频度,在成品电缆试样上、或在取自成品电缆的某些部件上进行的试验,以检验电缆是否符合规定要求。 3.2.3 型式试验 type tests 按一般商业原则对本部分所包含的一种类型电缆在供货之前所进行的试验,以证明电缆具有满足预期使用条件的满意性能。 注:该试验的特点为除非电缆材料或设计或制造工艺的改变可能改变电缆的特性,试验做过以后就不需要重做。 3.2.4 安装后电气试验 electrical tests after installation 在安装后进行的试验,用以证明安装后的电缆及其附件完好。 4 电压标示和材料 4.1 额定电压 本部分中电缆的额定电压U0/U(Um)标示为3.6/6(7.2) kV、6/6(7.2) kV、6/10(12) kV、8.7/10(12) kV、8.7/15(17.5) kV、12/20(24) kV、18/20(24) kV、18/30(36) kV。 注:上述电压的表示方法是合适的。尽管在一些国家采用其他的表示方法,例如3.5/6 kV、5.8/10 kV、11.5/20 kV、17.3/30 kV。 在电缆的电压标示U0/U(Um)中: ——U0 为电缆设计用的导体对地或金属屏蔽之间的额定工频电压; ——U 为电缆设计用的导体之间的额定工频电压; ——Um 为设备可使用的“最高系统电压”的最大值(见GB/T 156)。 对于一种给定应用电缆的额定电压应适合电缆所在系统的运行条件。为了便于选择电缆,将系统划分为下列三类: ——A 类:该类系统任一相导体与地或接地导体接触时,能在1min内与系统分离。 ——B类:该类系统可在单相接地故障时作短时运行,接地故障时间按JB/T8996不应超过1h。 对于本部分包括的电缆,在任何情况下允许不超过8h的更长的带故障运行时间。任何一年接地故障的总持续时间不应超过125h。 ——C类:包括不属于A 类、B类的所有系统。 宜认识到,在系统接地故障不能立即自动解除时,故障期间加在电缆绝缘上过高的电场强度,会在一定程度上缩短电缆寿命。如系统预期会经常地运行在持久的接地故障状态下,该系统可划为C类。 用于三相系统的电缆,U0 的推荐值见表1。 表1 额定电压U0 推荐值 系统最高电压Um kV 额定电压U0 kV A类 B类 C类 7.2 12.0 17.5 24.0 36.0 3.6 6.0 8.7 12.0 18.0 6.0 8.7 12.0 18.0 — 4.2 绝缘混合料 绝缘混合料及其代号见表2。 表2 绝缘混合料 绝缘混合料 代号 热塑性 用于额定电压 U0/U=3.6/6 kV电缆的聚氯乙烯 PVC/Ba 热固性 乙丙橡胶或类似绝缘混合料 (EPR或 EPDM)高 弹性模数或高硬度乙丙橡胶 EPR HEPR 交联聚乙烯 XLPE a聚氯乙烯绝缘混合料用于额定电压 U0/U≤1.8/3 kV电缆时 ,在 GB/T 12706.1中表示为 PVC/A。 各种绝缘混合料电缆的导体最高温度见表3。 表3 各种绝缘混合料电缆的导体最高温度 绝缘混合料 导体最高温度 ℃ 正常运行 短路 (最长持续 5s) 聚氯乙烯 (PVC/B) 导体标称截面积 ≤300mm2 70 160 导体标称截面积 >300mm2 70 140 交联聚乙烯 (XLPE) 乙丙橡胶 (EPR和 HEPR) 90 90 250 250 表3中温度由绝缘混合料的固有特性决定,使用这些数据计算额定电流时还应考虑其他因素。 例如正常运行时,如果直接埋入地下的电缆按表3所示导体最高温度在连续负荷(100%负荷因数)下运行,电缆周围土壤的热阻系数经过一定时间后,会因土壤干燥而超过原始值,因此导体温度可能会超过最高温度。如果能预料这类运行条件,应采取适当的预防措施。 短路温度的导则可参照IEC 60986。 4.3 护套混合料 不同类型护套混合料的电缆导体最高温度见表4。 表4 不同类型护套混合料电缆的导体最高温度 护套混合料 代号 正常运行导体最高温度 ℃ 热塑性 聚氯乙烯 (PVC) ST1 ST2 80 90 聚乙烯 ST3 80 ST7 90 无卤阻燃 ST8 90 弹性体 氯丁橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯或类似聚合物 SE1 85 5 导体 导体应是符合GB/T 3956的第1种或第2种镀金属层或不镀金属层退火铜导体,或是第1种或第2种铝或铝合金导体。第2种导体也可是纵向阻水结构。 6 绝缘 6.1 材料 绝缘应为表2所列的一种挤包成型的材料。 无卤电缆的绝缘应符合表5规定。 表5 无卤混合料的试验方法和要求 试验项目 单位 要求 酸气含量试验 (GB/T 17650.1) 溴和氯含量 (以 HCl表示 ),最大值 % 0.5 氟含量试验 (GB/T 7113.2) 氟含量 ,最大值 % 0.1 pH值和电导率试验 (GB/T 17650.2) pH值,最小值 电导率 ,最大值 μS/mm 4.3 10 6.2 绝缘厚度 绝缘标称厚度见表6、表7和表8。 注:表7和表8中额定电压6/6 kV、8.7/10 kV、18/20 kV电缆分别与6/10 kV、8.7/15 kV、18/30 kV 电缆结构完全相同,详见表1规定。 导体或绝缘外面的任何隔离层或半导电屏蔽层的厚度不应包括在绝缘厚度之中。 表6 聚氯乙烯(PVC/B)绝缘标称厚度 导体标称截面积 mm2 额定电压 U0/U(Um)下的绝缘标称厚度 mm 3.6/6(7.2) kV 10~1600 3.4 注1:不宜采用任何小于表中给出的导体截面积。如果需要更小截面积 ,可用导体屏蔽来增加导体的直径 (见 7.1)或增加绝缘厚度 ,限制在试验电压下加于绝缘的最大电场强度不超过表中给出的最小导体尺寸计算得出的场强值。 注2:对标称截面积大于 1000mm2导体 ,可增加绝缘厚度以避免安装和运行时的机械伤害。 表7 交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘标称厚度 导体标称截面积 mm2 额定电压 U0/U(Um)下的绝缘标称厚度 mm 3.6/6(7.2) kV 6/6(7.2) kV 6/10(12) kV 8.7/10(12) kV 8.7/15(17.5) kV 12/20(24) kV 18/20(24) kV 18/30(36) kV 10 2.5 — — — — 16 2.5 3.4 — — — 25 2.5 3.4 4.5 — — 35 2.5 3.4 4.5 5.5 — 50~185 2.5 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 240 2.6 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 300 2.8 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 400 3.0 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 500~1600 3.2 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 注1:不宜采用任何小于表中给出的导体截面积。如果需要更小截面积 ,可用导体屏蔽来增加导体的直径 (见 7.1)或增加绝缘厚度 ,限制在试验电压下加于绝缘的最大电场强度不超过表中给出的最小导体尺寸计算得出的场强值。 注2:对标称截面积大于 1000mm2导体 ,可增加绝缘厚度以避免安装和运行时的机械伤害。 表8 乙丙橡胶(EPR)和硬乙丙橡胶(HEPR)绝缘标称厚度 导体标称截面积 mm2 额定电压 U0/U(Um)下的绝缘标称厚度 mm 3.6/6(7.2) kV 6/6(7.2) kV 6/10(12) kV 8.7/10(12) kV 8.7/15(17.5) kV 12/20(24) kV 18/20(24) kV 18/30(36) kV 无屏蔽 有屏蔽 10 3.0 2.5 — — — — 16 3.0 2.5 3.4 — — — 25 3.0 2.5 3.4 4.5 — — 35 3.0 2.5 3.4 4.5 5.5 — 50~185 3.0 2.5 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 240 3.0 2.6 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 300 3.0 2.8 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 400 3.0 3.0 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 500~1600 3.2 3.2 3.4 4.5 5.5 8.0 注1:不宜采用任何小于表中给出的导体截面积。如果需要更小截面积 ,可用导体屏蔽来增加导体的直径 (见 7.1)或增加绝缘厚度 ,限制在试验电压下加于绝缘的最大电场强度不超过表中给出的最小导体尺寸计算得出的场强值。 注2:对标称截面积大于 1000mm2导体 ,可增加绝缘厚度以避免安装和运行时的机械伤害。 7 屏蔽 7.1 一般规定 所有电缆的绝缘线芯上应有金属屏蔽,可在单根绝缘线芯上也可在成缆缆芯外包覆金属屏蔽。 当单芯和三芯电缆绝缘线芯需要屏蔽时,应由导体屏蔽和绝缘屏蔽组成。除下列两种电缆外,其他电缆均应有屏蔽: a) 额定电压3.6/6(7.2) kVEPR和HEPR绝缘电缆,若采用表8中绝缘厚度较大的一种结构时,可用无屏蔽结构; b) 额定电压3.6/6(7.2) kVPVC绝缘电缆可采用无屏蔽结构。 7.2 导体屏蔽 导体屏蔽应是非金属的,由挤包半导电料或在导体上先包半导电带再挤包半导电料组成。挤包半导电料应与绝缘紧密结合。 7.3 绝缘屏蔽 绝缘屏蔽应由非金属半导电层与金属层组合而成。 每根绝缘线芯上应直接挤包与绝缘线芯紧密结合或可剥离的非金属半导电层。 然后对每根绝缘线芯或缆芯也可绕包一层半导电带或挤包半导电料。 金属屏蔽层应包覆在每根绝缘线芯或缆芯的外面,并应符合第10章的规定。 8 三芯电缆的缆芯、内衬层和填充 8.1 概述 三芯电缆的缆芯与电缆的额定电压及每根绝缘线芯上有否金属屏蔽层有关。 8.2~8.4不适用于有护套单芯电缆成缆的缆芯。 8.2 内衬层与填充 8.2.1 结构 内衬层可挤包或绕包。 圆形绝缘线芯电缆只有在绝缘线芯间的间隙被填充时,才可采用绕包内衬层。 挤包内衬层前可用合适的带子扎紧。 8.2.2 材料 用于内衬层和填充物的材料应适合电缆的运行温度并与电缆绝缘材料相兼容。除纵向阻水型电缆外,内衬层和填充物应采用非吸湿材料。 无卤电缆的内衬层和填充应符合表5规定。 8.2.3 挤包内衬层 挤包内衬层的标称厚度见表9。 表9 挤包内衬层厚度 缆芯假设直径 mm 挤包内衬层标称厚度 mm — ≤25.0 1.0 >25.0 ≤35.0 1.2 >35.0 ≤45.0 1.4 >45.0 ≤60.0 1.6 >60.0 ≤80.0 1.8 >80.0 — 2.0 8.2.4 绕包内衬层 缆芯假设直径为40.0mm 及以下时,绕包内衬层的标称厚度取0.4mm;如大于40.0mm 时,则取0.6mm。 绕包内衬层采用单根或多根带材重叠绕包而成,不应露出缆芯或下层包带。当多根带材绕包时,每一根均应重叠绕包。 8.3 具有统包金属层的电缆(见第9章) 电缆的缆芯外应包覆内衬层。内衬层和填充物应符合8.2的规定。 如果电缆每个绝缘线芯均采用半导电屏蔽并统包金属层,内衬层应采用半导电材料,填充物也可采用半导电材料。 8.4 具有分相金属层的电缆(见第10章) 各个绝缘线芯的金属层应相互接触。 若电缆分相金属屏蔽缆芯外具有另外的同样金属材料的统包金属层(见第9章),电缆的缆芯外应包覆内衬层。内衬层和填充物应符合8.2规定。内衬层和填充物也可采用半导电材料。 当分相与统包金属层采用的金属材料不同时,应采用符合14.2中规定的任一种材料挤包隔离套将其隔开。对于铅套电缆,铅套与分相包覆金属层之间的隔离,可采用符合8.2规定的内衬层。 若电缆没有统包金属层(见第9章),只要电缆外形保持圆整,可省略内衬层。 9 单芯或三芯电缆的金属层 本部分包括以下类型的金属层: a) 金属屏蔽(见第10章); b) 同心导体(见第11章); c) 金属套铅套(见第12章); d) 金属铠装(见第13章)。 金属层应由上述的一种或几种型式组成,包覆在单芯电缆上或三芯电缆的单独绝缘线芯上时应是非磁性的。 可采取措施使金属层周围具有纵向阻水性能。 10 金属屏蔽 10.1 结构 金属屏蔽应由一根或多根金属带、金属编织、金属丝的同心层或金属丝与金属带的组合结构组成。 金属屏蔽可为金属套或在统包屏蔽情况下符合10.2规定的铠装。 选择金属屏蔽材料时,应特别考虑存在腐蚀的可能性,这不仅为了机械安全,也为了电气安全。 金属屏蔽的搭盖和间隙应符合10.2规定。 10.2 要求 10.2.1 金属屏蔽中铜丝屏蔽的电阻,适用时应符合GB/T 3956规定。铜丝屏蔽的标称截面应根据故障电流容量确定。 10.2.2 铜丝屏蔽由疏绕的软铜线组成,表面可采用反向绕包的铜丝或铜带扎紧,相邻铜丝的平均间隙不应大于4mm。相邻铜丝平均间隙的定义和计算见GB/T 11017.2—2014中6.5.2。 10.2.3 铜带屏蔽应由一根重叠绕包的软铜带组成。重叠绕包铜带间标称搭盖率为15%,最小搭盖率不应小于5%。要求时,可采用其他结构。 屏蔽原材料软铜带应选择符合GB/T 11091规定的铜带。 铜带标称厚度为: ——单芯电缆:≥0.12mm; ——三芯电缆:≥0.10mm。 铜带的最小厚度不应小于标称值的90%。 10.3 不带半导电层的金属屏蔽 额定电压为3.6/6(7.2) kV 的PVC、EPR和HEPR绝缘的电缆,采用金属屏蔽时可不需要有半导电层。 11 同心导体 11.1 结构 同心导体的间隙应符合10.2.2规定。 选用同心导体结构和材料时,应特别考虑腐蚀的可能性,这不仅为了机械安全,也为了电气安全。 11.2 要求 同心导体的尺寸、物理性能及电阻值要求应符合10.2规定。 11.3 使用 如要求采用同心导体结构,可在三芯电缆的内衬层外,对单芯电缆也可直接在绝缘上、半导电绝缘屏蔽层上或适当的内衬层外包覆同心导体层。 12 金属套铅套 铅套应采用铅或铅合金,并形成松紧适当的无缝铅管。 铅套的标称厚度应按式(1)计算: tpb =0.03Dg +0.7 (1) 式中: tpb——铅套标称厚度,单位为毫米(mm); Dg——铅套前假设直径,单位为毫米(mm)。 假设直径计算应按附录A 进行,计算结果应修约到一位小数(见附录B)。 当标称厚度计算值小于1.2mm 时,铅套标称厚度取值为1.2mm,计算值应按附录B修约到一位小数。 13 金属铠装 13.1 金属铠装类型 本部分包括的铠装类型如下: a) 扁金属线铠装; b) 圆金属丝铠装; c) 双金属带铠装。 13.2 材料 圆金属丝或扁金属线应为镀锌钢丝、不锈钢丝(非磁性)、铜丝或镀锡铜丝、铝丝或铝合金丝。 金属带应为镀锌钢带、不锈钢带(非磁性)、铝带或铝合金带。钢带应采用工业等级的热轧或冷轧钢带。 在 要求铠装钢丝层满足最小导电性的情况下,铠装层中允许包含足够的铜丝或镀锡铜丝,以确保达到要求。 选择铠装材料时,尤其是铠装作为屏蔽层时,应特别考虑腐蚀的可能性,这不仅为了机械安全,也为了电气安全。 除非采用特殊结构,用于交流系统单芯电缆的铠装应采用非磁性材料。 注:用于交流系统的单芯电缆以磁性材料为主的铠装即使采用特殊结构,电缆载流量仍将大为降低。 13.3 铠装的应用 13.3.1 单芯电缆 单芯电缆的铠装层下应有挤包或绕包的内衬层,厚度应符合8.2.3或8.2.4规定。 13.3.2 三芯电缆 三芯电缆需要铠装时,铠装应包覆在符合8.2规定的内衬层上。 13.3.3 隔离套 当铠装下的金属层与铠装材料不同时,应用14.2中规定的一种材料,挤包一层隔离套将其隔开。 隔离套应经受GB/T 3048.10规定的火花试验。 无卤电缆的隔离套(无卤阻燃ST8)应符合表5规定。 当铅套电缆要求有铠装层时,可采用隔离套或包带垫层,并应符合13.3.4规定。 如果在铠装层下采用隔离套,可代替内衬层或附加在内衬层上。 在金属层周围具有纵向阻水结构的电缆不必采用隔离套。 隔离套的标称厚度应按式(2)计算: tss=0.02Du +0.6 (2) 式中: tss——隔离套标称厚度,单位为毫米(mm); Du——隔离套前的假设直径,单位为毫米(mm)。 计算应按附录A 所述进行,计算结果应修约到0.1mm(见附录B)。 非铅套电缆隔离套标称厚度的计算值小于1.2mm 时,隔离套标称厚度取值为1.2mm。若隔离套直接挤包在铅套上,当隔离套标称厚度的计算值小于1.0mm 时,隔离套标称厚度取值为1.0mm。 13.3.4 铅套电缆铠装下的包带垫层 铅套涂层外的包带垫层应由浸渍纸带与复合纸带组成,或者由两层浸渍纸带与复合纸带外加一层或多层复合浸渍纤维材料组成。 垫层材料的浸渍剂可为沥青或其他防腐剂,对于金属丝铠装,这些浸渍剂不应直接涂敷到金属丝下。 也可采用合成材料带代替浸渍纸带。 铅套与铠装之间的包带垫层在铠装后总厚度的近似值为1.5mm。 13.4 铠装金属丝和铠装金属带的尺寸 铠装金属丝和铠装金属带应优先采用下列标称尺寸: ——圆金属丝(细):直径0.8mm、1.25mm、1.6mm、2.0mm、2.5mm、3.15mm; ——圆金属丝(粗):直径4.0mm; ——扁金属线:厚度0.8mm; ——钢带:厚度0.2mm、0.5mm、0.8mm; ——铝或铝合金带:厚度0.5mm、0.8mm。 13.5 电缆直径与铠装层尺寸的关系 铠装圆金属丝的标称直径和铠装金属带的标称厚度应分别不小于表10和表11规定的数值。 表10 铠装圆金属丝标称直径 铠装前假设直径 mm 铠装金属丝标称直径 mm — ≤10.0 0.8 >10.0 ≤15.0 1.25 >15.0 ≤25.0 1.6 >25.0 ≤35.0 2.0 >35.0 ≤60.0 2.5 >60.0 — 3.15,4.0 表11 铠装金属带标称厚度 铠装前假设直径 mm 金属带标称厚度 mm 钢带 铝或铝合金带 — ≤30.0 0.2 0.5 >30.0 ≤70.0 0.5 0.5 >70.0 — 0.8 0.8 铠装前电缆假设直径大于15.0mm 的电缆,扁金属线的标称厚度应取0.8mm。电缆假设直径为15.0mm 及以下时,不应采用扁金属线铠装。 13.6 圆金属丝或扁金属线铠装 金属丝铠装应紧密,即使相邻金属丝间的间隙很小。必要时,可在扁金属线铠装和圆金属丝铠装外疏绕一条标称厚度最小为0.3mm 的镀锌钢带,钢带厚度的偏差应符合17.7.3规定。 采用粗圆金属丝铠装时,当铠装下隔离套或内衬层的标称厚度计算值小于2.0mm 时,隔离套或内衬层的标称厚度应取值为2.0mm。 13.7 双金属带铠装 当采用金属带铠装和符合8.2规定的绕包内衬层时,内衬层应采用包带垫层加强。如果铠装金属带厚度为0.2mm,内衬层和附加包带垫层的总厚度应按8.2的标称值再加0.5mm;如果铠装金属带厚度大于0.2mm,内衬层和附加包带垫层的总厚度应按8.2的标称值再加0.8mm。 绕包内衬层和附加包带垫层总厚度的测量值不应小于规定值的80%再减0.2mm。 金属带铠装应螺旋绕包两层,使外层金属带的中间部位大致在内层金属带间隙上方,每层金属带间隙率不应大于50%。 14 外护套 14.1 概述 所有电缆都应具有外护套。 外护套通常为黑色,但也可按制造方和买方协议采用黑色以外的其他颜色,以适应电缆使用的特定环境。 包覆在铠装、金属屏蔽或同心导体上的电缆外护套应经受GB/T 3048.10规定的火花试验。 14.2 材料 外护套为热塑性材料(聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯或无卤阻燃材料)或弹性体材料(氯丁橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯或类似聚合物)。 如果要求在火灾时电缆能阻止火焰的蔓延、发烟少以及没有卤素气体释放,应采用无卤阻燃型护套材料。无卤阻燃(ST8)电缆的外护套应符合表5的规定。 外护套材料应与表4中规定的电缆运行温度相适应。 在特殊条件下(例如为了防白蚁)使用的外护套,可能有必要使用化学添加剂,但这些添加剂不应包括对人类及环境有害的材料。 注:例如添加剂不希望采用的材料包括1): 氯甲桥萘(艾氏剂):1,2,3,4,10,10-六氯代-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-六氢化-1,4,5,8-二甲桥萘;氧桥氯甲桥萘(狄氏剂):1,2,3,4,10,10-六氯代-6,7-环氧-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢-1,4,5,8-二甲桥萘; 六氯化苯(高丙体六六六):1,2,3,4,5,6-六氯代-环乙烷γ异构体。 14.3 厚度 若无其他规定,挤包外护套标称厚度值应按式(3)计算: tos=0.035Dos+1.0 (3) 式中: tos ——外护套标称厚度,单位为毫米(mm); Dos——挤包护套前电缆的假设直径,单位为毫米(mm)。 按式(3)计算出的数值应修约到0.1mm(见附录B)。 当单芯电缆外护套标称厚度的计算值小于1.4mm 时,外护套标称厚度取值为1.4mm。当多芯电缆外护套标称厚度的计算值小于1.8mm 时,外护套标称厚度取值为1.8mm。 15 试验条件 15.1 环境温度 除非另有规定,试验应在环境温度(20±15)℃下进行。 15.2 工频试验电压的频率和波形 工频试验电压的频率应为49Hz~61Hz,波形应基本上为正弦波,引用值为有效值。 15.3 冲击试验电压的波形 按GB/T 3048.13规定,冲击波应具有有效波前时间1μs~5μs,标称半峰值时间40μs~60μs。 其他方面应符合GB/T 16927.1。 15.4 电缆导体温度的确定 试验中电缆导体温度的确定参见附录C。 16 例行试验 16.1 概述 例行试验通常应在每一根电缆制造长度上进行(见3.2.1)。根据购买方和制造方达成的质量控制协议,可减少试验电缆的根数或采用其他的试验方法。 本部分规定的例行试验为: a) 导体电阻测量(见16.2); 1) 来源:《工业材料中的危险品》N.I.Sax,第五版,VanNostrandReinhold,ISBN0-442-27373-8。 b) 在带有符合7.2和7.3规定的导体屏蔽和绝缘屏蔽的电缆绝缘线芯上进行的局部放电试验(见16.3); c) 电压试验(见16.4); d) 当电缆外护套上有半导电结构时,外护套直流耐压试验(见16.5)。 16.2 导体电阻 应对例行试验中每一根电缆长度的所有导体进行电阻测量,如果有同心导体也应包括在内。 成品电缆或从成品电缆上取下的试样,试验前应在保持适当温度的试验室内至少存放12h。若怀疑导体温度是否与室温一致,电缆应在试验室内存放24h后测量。也可将导体试样放在温度可控制的液体槽内至少1h后测量电阻。 电阻测量值应按GB/T 3956给出的公式和系数校正到20℃下1km 长度的数值。 每一根导体20℃时的直流电阻不应超过GB/T 3956规定的相应的最大值。标称截面积适用时,同心导体的电阻也应符合GB/T 3956规定。 铝合金导体的导体直流电阻要求与相同标称截面积的铝导体一致。 16.3 局部放电试验 应按GB/T 3048.12进行局部放电试验,试验灵敏度应为10pC或更优。 三芯电缆的所有绝缘线芯都应试验,电压施加于每一根导体和金属屏蔽之间。 试验电压应逐渐升高到2U0 并保持10s,然后缓慢降到1.73U0。 在1.73U0 下,应无任何由被试电缆产生的超过声明试验灵敏度的可检测到的放电。 注:被试电缆的任何放电都可能有害。 16.4 电压试验 16.4.1 概述 电压试验应在环境温度下采用工频交流电压进行。 16.4.2 单芯电缆试验步骤 单芯电缆的试验电压应施加在导体与金属屏蔽之间,持续5min。 16.4.3 三芯电缆试验步骤 对分相金属屏蔽的三芯电缆,应在每一根导体与金属屏蔽层之间施加电压,持续5min。 对不分相金属屏蔽的三芯电缆,应依次在每一根绝缘导体对其他所有导体及统包金属屏蔽层之间施加试验电压,持续5min。 三芯电缆也可采用三相变压器,一次完成试验。 16.4.4 试验电压 工频试验电压应为3.5U0,对应额定电压的单相试验电压值见表12。 表12 例行试验电压 额定电压U0 kV 试验电压 kV 3.6 12.5 6 21 8.7 30.5 12 42 18 63 若用三相变压器同时对三芯电缆进行电压试验,相间试验电压应取表12所列数据的1.73倍。 在任何情况下,电压都应逐渐升高到规定值。 |
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GB/T 12706.2-2020, GB 12706.2-2020, GBT 12706.2-2020, GB/T12706.2-2020, GB/T 12706.2, GB/T12706.2, GB12706.2-2020, GB 12706.2, GB12706.2, GBT12706.2-2020, GBT 12706.2, GBT12706.2 |