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According to the requirements of Document JIANBIAO [2014] No.189 issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China - Notice on printing and distributing the development and revision plan on engineering construction standards and codes in 2015, the drafting group of standard has revised this standard through extensive investigation and study, careful summarization of practical experience and reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and on the basis of widely soliciting for opinions.
This standard comprises 12 clauses and 1 annex, including general provisions, terms, water supply system, design flow, intake, pump house, water transmission and distribution, general layout of waterworks, water treatment, waste residuals treatment of waterworks, emergency water supply, monitoring and control, etc.
The following main technical revisions have been made with respect to this standard:
1. The terms that are duplicated with the current national standard GB/T 50125 Standard for basic terms of water and wastewater engineering are no longer included in this standard, and some terms have been supplemented and adjusted.
2. High-speed clarification tank, arsenic removal, hollow fiber microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane filtration, chlorine disinfection with sodium hypochlorite, chloramine disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulphate, ultraviolet disinfection and emergency water supply have been added.
3. The water consumption norm and design parameters of some water treatment structures have been adjusted.
The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China is in charge of the administration of this standard and the interpretation of the compulsory provisions, and Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd. is responsible for the interpretation of specific technical contents. During the process of implementing this standard, you are kindly requested to send your opinions and advice (if any) to Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd. (Address: No.901, North Zhongshan No.2 Road, Zhongshan District, Shanghai, 200092, China).
Standard for design of outdoor water supply engineering
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is hereby formulated to standardize the design of outdoor water supply engineering, ensure the engineering design quality, meet the requirements of water flow, water quality and water pressure, and achieve the objectives of safety and reliability, advanced technology, economic rationality and convenient management.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design for new construction, extension and renovation of permanent water supply engineering in towns and industrial areas.
1.0.3 The design of water supply engineering shall be based on the approved urban master plan and water supply system planning. Selection of water source, location of plants and stations, and determination of water transmission and distribution pipelines shall meet the requirements of relevant special planning.
1.0.4 The design of water supply engineering shall give comprehensive consideration to conservation of water resources, protection of water ecological environment and sustainable utilization of water resources, correctly handle various water use relationships and improve water use efficiency.
1.0.5 The design of water supply engineering shall implement the principle of land conservation and rational utilization of land resources.
1.0.6 The design of water supply engineering shall follow the principle of long-term planning, combining short-term and long-term planning, and giving priority to short-term planning. The short-term design period should be 5 to 10 years, and the long-term design period should be 10 to 20 years.
1.0.7 The design service life of the major structure of water supply engineering structures and the structure of underground main pipe for water transmission and distribution shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard GB 50788 Technical code for water supply and sewerage of urban. The design service life of main equipment, apparatus and other pipelines should be determined by technical and economic comparison according to materials, product renewal cycle and convenience of replacement.
1.0.8 The design of water supply engineering shall actively adopt effective new technologies, new processes, new materials and new equipment on the basis of continuously summing up production practice experience and scientific research.
1.0.9 On the premise of ensuring the safety of water supply, the design of water supply engineering shall reasonably reduce the engineering cost and operation cost, lessen the environmental impact and facilitate the operation optimization and management.
1.0.10 In addition to this standard, the design of water supply engineering shall also comply with the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1
mixed well
ground water intake structure consisting of partially penetrating large opening well and one or several tube well filters arranged below the bottom of the well
2.0.2
inverted layer
graded gravel bed laid at the inlet of large opening well or infiltration gallery, with grain size from fine to coarse along the water flow direction
2.0.3
suction intank canal
structure that connects the water inlet pipe (canal) with the suction sump (well), so that the inflow water flows evenly into the suction sump (well)
2.0.4
inflow runner
water flow channel that connects the suction sump with the suction inlet of the water pump for improving the suction conditions of large water pump
2.0.5
biological pre-treatment
water purification process that mainly uses biological action to remove ammonia nitrogen, foreign odor and organic micro-pollutants in raw water
2.0.6
shutter filter
air-water backwash filter that may be equipped with single-layer or multi-layer filter materials, with water introduced at one side of the filter grid and drained through flap valve at the other side only when washing stops
2.0.7
flap valve
valve that can be turned over within the range of 0° to 90° to form different opening degrees, with valve plate taking the long side as the rotation axis
2.0.8
ferrosoferric-coagulation sedimentation for defluorinate
process in which the fluoride ions are removed from the water by filtration after adding substances with coagulability or those can generate sediments with fluoride into water to form a large number of destabilized colloidal substances or sediments, with the fluoride coagulated or precipitated consequently
2.0.9
activated aluminum process for defluorinate
process in which the fluoride is removed from the water by using activated alumina filter material to adsorb and exchange fluoride ions
2.0.10
regeneration
process in which the exchange capacity of ion exchanger or filter material has been restored as before with regenerant after its failure
2.0.11
adsorption capacity
ability of a filter material or ion exchanger to adsorb certain substances or ions
2.0.12
fouling index
overall indicator of the concentration and filtration characteristics of suspended solids and colloidal substances in the feed, and indicator of the clogging degree caused by the feed to the microporous membrane
2.0.13
chlorine disinfection
process of oxidation and disinfection by adding liquid chlorine or sodium hypochlorite, bleaching powder and bleaching powder concentrate into water
2.0.14
ultraviolet (UV) reactor
equipment for disinfection by irradiating water body with UV lamp, consisting of UV lamp, quartz casing, ballast, UV intensity sensor and cleaning system
2.0.15
closed vessel reactor
UV reactor with UV lamp arranged in a closed pipeline
2.0.16
ozonation
method for purifying water by using the direct oxidation of ozone in water and the oxidation ability of generated hydroxyl radicals
2.0.17
activated carbon adsorption tank
treatment structure with single granular activated carbon as adsorption filler, also having biodegradation effect
2.0.18
granular activated carbon-sand filter
filter that can remove turbidity and organic matters simultaneously by adding a thick sand filter layer under the carbon layer of the downflow activated carbon adsorption tank
2.0.19
inside-out hollow fiber membrane
hollow fiber membrane that filters the water from inside to outside of the membrane under the action of pressure
2.0.20
outside-in hollow fiber membrane
hollow fiber membrane that filters the water from outside to inside of the membrane under the action of pressure
2.0.21
pressurized membrane process
membrane process in which water to be filtered is led under the action of positive pressure into a cylindrical pressure vessel filled with hollow fiber membrane for filtration
2.0.22
submerged membrane process
membrane process in which the hollow fiber membrane is placed in a tank of water to be filtered, and water produced by the membranes is filtered under the action of negative pressure
2.0.23
dead-end filtration
mode of filtration in which the water to be filtered completely penetrates through the membrane
2.0.24
cross-flow filtration
mode of filtration in which the water to be filtered partially penetrates through the membrane and the rest only flows through the membrane surface
2.0.25
integrity test
regular detection of pollutant removal capacity and membrane damage degree of the membrane system
2.0.26
module set
filter unit that can operate independently in the pressurized membrane process system, consisting of membrane element, bracket, water collection and distribution pipe, air distribution pipe and various valves
2.0.27
membrane tank
filter unit that can operate independently in the submerged membrane process system
2.0.28
membrane cassette
basic filtration module in the membrane tank, including membrane element, bracket, water collection pipe and air distribution pipe
2.0.29
pressure decay test
method of detecting the integrity of membrane system by monitoring the air pressure decay rate of membrane system based on bubble point principle
2.0.30
leak test
method of locating the broken point of membrane by bubbles based on the bubble point principle
2.0.31
normal flux
membrane flux when all module sets (membrane tanks) in the system are in filtration state under the conditions of design water temperature and design flow
2.0.32
maximum flux
membrane flux when the minimum number of module sets (membrane tanks) in the system is in filtration state under the conditions of design water temperature and design flow
2.0.33
normal transmembrane pressure
transmembrane pressure difference when all module sets (membrane tanks) in the system are in filtration state under the conditions of design water temperature and normal flux
2.0.34
maximum transmembrane pressure
transmembrane pressure difference when the maximum allowable number of module sets (membrane tanks) in the system is in unfiltered state under the conditions of design water temperature and design flux
2.0.35
chemical stability
degree of influence of various chemical reactions in water on water quality and pipelines, including water corrosion on pipelines, precipitation of insoluble substances, dissolution and release of corrosion products on pipe walls, formation and accumulation of disinfection by-products in water, etc.
2.0.36
biostability
potential of biodegradable organic matters in finished water to support the growth of heterotrophic bacteria
2.0.37
Larson Ratio (LR)
index used to relatively quantitatively predict the corrosion tendency of chloride ions and sulfate ions in water to metal pipes and dissolution and release tendency of corrosion products on pipe walls
2.0.38
adjusting tank
structure used to adjust the inflow and outflow of water
2.0.39
drain tank
adjusting tank mainly used to receive and adjust the backwash wastewater of the filter tank, also called recycling water tank when the backwash wastewater is reused
2.0.40
sludge discharge tank
adjusting tank mainly used to receive and adjust the waste residuals in sedimentation tank
2.0.41
sludge tank with floating trough
sludge discharge tank with floating trough for collecting liquid supernatant
2.0.42
combined sludge tank
adjusting tank used to receive and adjust not only waste residuals in sedimentation tank, but also backwash wastewater from filter tank
2.0.43
design turbidity value of raw water
turbidity value of raw water used to determine the design scale of waste residuals treatment system, that is, the treatment capacity
2.0.44
supernumerary sludge
amount of sludge caused by the difference when the turbidity of raw water is higher than the design value, including the amount of sludge caused by chemicals
2.0.45
sludge drying bed
disposal facility that removes most water from sludge by soil infiltration or natural evaporation
2.0.46
emergency water supply
water supply mode that is adopted by appropriate reduction, decompression or intermittent water supply, or by using emergency water resource or alternate water resource when an emergency occurs in the city and the original water supply system cannot meet the normal water demand of the city
2.0.47
alternate water resource
water resource that is built to cope with the shortage or unavailability of common water resources caused by water quantity or water quality problems such as extreme arid climate, periodic tide and seasonal drainage, and can be used as alternate water resource for common water resources, usually aiming at meeting the guarantee rate of urban water supply in the planning period
2.0.48
emergency water resource
water resource that is built to cope with sudden water pollution, with water quality basically meeting the requirements and with the ability of fast switching with common water resources, usually aiming at meeting the living and domestic water needs of urban residents to the maximum extent
2.0.49
emergency water treatment
emergency purification measure taken to achieve water quality standards when water quality is affected by sudden pollution or emergency water resource with relatively poor water quality is used
3 Water supply system
3.0.1 The selection of water supply system shall be determined according to the requirements of local topography, water resource conditions, town planning, overall urban-rural development, water supply scale, water quality, water pressure and water supply safety, combined with the original water supply engineering facilities, starting from the overall situation and through comprehensive consideration after technical and economic comparison.
3.0.2 The urban water supply system with large topographic elevation difference should adopt separate pressure water supply. For water supply areas far away from waterworks or with high local topography, pressurized pumping station may be set up and zoned water supply may be adopted.
3.0.3 When the industrial enterprises with large water consumption are relatively concentrated and suitable water resources are available, the industrial water supply system may be set up independently through technical and economic comparison, and separate quality water supply may be adopted.
3.0.4 When the topographic difference between water source and water supply area is available, technical and economic comparison shall be made between gravity water transmission and distribution system and pressurized water transmission and distribution system to choose the best of both.
3.0.5 When the water supply system supplies water to a wide range of cities and towns by means of zoned water supply, selection of raw water or clear water, layout of transmission pipelines and setting of adjusting tank and pressurized pumping station shall be determined through technical and economic comparison of multiple schemes.
3.0.6 The water supply system with multiple water resources shall have the ability to dispatch raw water or pipe network water to each other.
3.0.7 The alternate water resource or emergency water resource of urban water supply system shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards GB 50788 Technical code for water supply and sewerage of urban and GB 50282 Code for urban water supply engineering planning.
3.0.8 The setting of water regulation structures in urban water supply system should be determined after technical and economic comparison of multiple schemes, which may be concentrated in the water purification plant (clean water tank) or partially located in the water distribution pipe network (high-level tank and tank pumping station).
3.0.9 The water quality of the water supply system for domestic water must comply with the relevant provisions of GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality. The water quality of special industrial water supply system shall be determined according to the requirements of users.
3.0.10 When the water pressure of the water supply network is determined according to the storeys of the building to which water is supplied directly, the minimum service head at the user's connection shall be 10 m on the first floor, 12 m on the second floor and 4 m for each additional floor above the second floor. When the secondary water supply facilities mostly adopt the superimposed pressure water supply mode, the minimum service head at the user's connection of direct water supply by water pressure of the water supply network should be appropriately increased.
3.0.11 The design for extension or renovation of the urban water supply system shall make full use of the original water supply facilities.
Foreword i
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Water supply system
4 Design flow
5 Intake
5.1 Selection of water source
5.2 Ground water intake structure
5.3 Surface water intake structure
6 Pump house
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Suction intank canal, suction sump (well) and water suction condition of pump
6.3 Suction pipe and the discharge pipe within pump house
6.4 Hoisting equipment
6.5 Pump unit layout
6.6 Pump house layout
7 Water transmission and distribution
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Hydraulic calculation
7.3 Long distance water transmission pipeline
7.4 Piping layout and laying
7.5 Pipe (canal) materials and appurtenances
7.6 Storage structure
8 General layout of waterworks
9 Water treatment
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Pre-treatment
9.3 Dosage of coagulant and coagulant aid
9.4 Coagulation, sedimentation and clarification
9.5 Filtration
9.6 Groundwater deironing and demanganize
9.7 Defluorinate
9.8 Dearsenicing
9.9 Disinfection
9.10 Ozonation
9.11 Activated carbon adsorption
9.12 Hollow fiber microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane filtration
9.13 Stabilization treatment of water quality
10 Waste residuals treatment of waterworks
10.1 General requirements
10.2 Process flow
10.3 Adjusting
10.4 Thickening
10.5 Balancing
10.6 Dewatering
10.7 Waste residuals reclaiming and reusing
10.8 Sludge cake disposing and utilizing
11 Emergency water supply
11.1 General requirements
11.2 Emergency water resource
11.3 Emergency water treatment
12 Monitoring and control
12.1 General requirements
12.2 Online monitoring
12.3 Control
12.4 Computer control and management system
12.5 Monitoring system
12.6 Water supply information system
Annex A Hydraulic parameter values (n, Ch, Δ) for pipe friction head loss calculation
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
