标准编号:	GB 30981-2020
中文名称:	工业防护涂料中有害物质限量
英文名称:	Limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings
中标分类:	G51    涂料
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	87.040 87.040    涂料和清漆 87.040
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2020-03-04
实施日期:	2020-12-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB 30981-2014 建筑钢结构防腐涂料中有害物质限量
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	22000 字
翻译价格(元):	560.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. All the technical contents of this standard are mandatory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB 30981-2014 Limit of harmful substances of anticorrosion coatings for construction steel structure. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 30981-2014: ——The scope of this standard is modified (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of Edition 2014); ——The normative reference GB 24408-2009 is deleted; normative references GB/T 6682-2008, GB/T 9758.5-1988, GB/T 9760-1988, GB/T 23985-2009, GB/T 23986-2009, GB/T 23990-2009, GB/T 23992-2009, GB/T 30647-2014, GB/T 34675-2017, GB/T 34682-2017 and GB/T 36488-2018 are added (see Clause 2; Clause 2 of Edition 2014); ——The definition of “volatile organic compound” is modified; terms and definitions of “engineering machinery”, “agricultural machinery”, “port machinery”, “chemical machinery”, “container”, “package”, “profiles”, “electrical and electronic product”, “pre-coated coil”, “shop primer”, “effect pigment” and “application condition” are added; terms and definitions of “construction steel structure” and “anticorrosion coatings for construction steel structure” are deleted (see Clause 3; Clause 3 of Edition 2014); ——Product classification is modified (see Clause 4; Clause 4 of Edition 2014); ——The “type of coating” of solvent-based coatings and the limit of VOC content are modified (see Table 2; Table 1 of Edition 2014); ——Limits of VOC contents in water-based coatings, solvent-free coatings and radiation-curable coatings are added (see Tables 1, 3 and 4); ——Items and indexes of “total content of toluene and xylene (including ethylbenzene)” and “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons” are added (see Table 5); ——“total content of glycol ether (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol ethyl ether)” is changed to “total content of glycol ether and ester ether”; the item and index of “benzene content” are modified; the controlled varieties of “total content of halohydrocarbon” and “total content of glycol ether and ester ether” are modified (see Table 5; Table 2 of Edition 2014); ——The requirements of “harmful heavy metals” are changed from "voluntary" to "mandatory" (see Table 5; 5.3 of Edition 2014); ——The test methods for “VOC content”, “benzene content”, “total content of halohydrocarbon”, “methanol content”, “total content of glycol ether and ester ether” and “content of heavy metal” are modified (see 6.2; 6.2 of Edition 2014); ——The test methods for “total content of toluene and xylene (including ethylbenzene)” and “total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons” are added (see 6.2); ——Implementation of this standard is added (see Clause 9). This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. The previous edition of this standard is as follows: ——GB 30981-2014. Limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings 1 Scope This standard specifies the product classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marks for package and implementation of this standard involved in the allowable limit of harmful substances of industrial protective coatings to human body and the environment. This standard is applicable to various industrial protective coatings (except marine coatings) rather than the putty intended to protect metal, concrete, plastic and other surfaces. This standard does not apply to coatings for aerospace, nuclear power, military equipment and facilities. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 1725-2007 Paints, varnishes and plastics - Determination of non-volatile-matter content GB/T 3186 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods GB/T 6750-2007 Paints and varnishes - Determination of density - Pyknometer method GB/T 8170-2008 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values GB/T 9750 Marks for package of coating products GB/T 9758.5-1988 Paints and varnishes - Determination of “soluble” metal content - Part 5: Determination of hexavalent chromium content of the pigment portion of the liquid paint or the paint in powder form – Diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrophotometric method GB/T 9760-1988 Paints and varnishes - Preparation of acid extracts from paints in liquid or powder form GB/T 23985-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Difference method GB/T 23986-2009 Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Gas-chromatographic method GB/T 23990-2009 Determination of the contents of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene in coatings by gas chromatography GB/T 23992-2009 Determination of chlorhydrocarbon content in coatings - Gas chromatographic method GB/T 30647-2014 Determination of harmful elements total content of coatings GB/T 34675-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content in radiation curable coatings GB/T 34682-2017 Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content in reactive diluent containing coatings GB/T 36488-2018 Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coatings 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 engineering machinery operating machinery and equipment used in the process of comprehensive mechanized construction for earthwork, stonework, concrete work and various construction and installation works Note: For example, industrial vehicles, construction machinery, wiring machinery, municipal sanitation machinery, elevators and escalators, pneumatic tools, etc. 3.2 agricultural machinery machinery used in the process of crop planting and animal husbandry production, as well as in the initial processing and treatment of agricultural and animal products Note: For example, agricultural power machinery, farmland construction machinery, soil cultivating machinery, planting and fertilizing machinery, plant protection machinery, farmland irrigation and drainage machinery, harvesting machinery, agricultural products processing machinery, animal husbandry machinery, agricultural transport machinery, etc. 3.3 port machinery machinery and equipment used for loading or unloading of goods in or from ships at ports, stacking, unstacking and transshipment of goods in warehouses, and handling of goods in cabins, carriages and warehouses Note: For example, hoisting machinery, loading and unloading vehicles, conveying machinery, handling machinery, etc. 3.4 chemical machinery generic term of equipment and facilities used in chemical production Note: For example, chemical machines such as filters, crushers, centrifuges, rotary kilns, mixers, rotary dryers and fluid conveying machines and chemical equipment such as vessels (sinks, tanks, kettles, etc.), ordinary kilns, towers, reactors, heat exchangers, ordinary dryers, evaporators, reaction furnaces, electrolytic cells, crystallizers, mass transfer equipment, adsorption equipment, fluidization equipment, ordinary separation equipment and ion exchange equipment. 3.5 building a space or entity constructed using building materials for people to live and carry out various activities [GB/T 50504-2009, definition 2.1.4] Note: For example, residential buildings, office buildings, plants, warehouses, shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition halls, libraries, hospitals, schools, airports, stations, theaters, churches, etc. 3.6 construction construction entity or auxiliary building facilities constructed for certain purposes, but generally not for direct production and living therein [GB/T 50504-2009, definition 2.1.5] Note: For example, structures such as bridges, iron towers, monument towers, television towers, guardrails, power facilities, petrochemical facilities and offshore facilities. 3.7 container a kind of equipment for transporting goods, which shall meet the following conditions: a) it shall have sufficient strength and stiffness and may be used repeatedly; b) it is suitable for carriage of goods by one or more modes of transportation. During transshipment on the way, the goods in the container do not need to be changed; c) it is equipped with the device facilitating quick loading/unloading and handling, especially the change from one mode of transportation to another one; d) it is convenient for filling up the container with goods and emptying the container; e) it is of 1m3 or more; f) it is designed according to the requirements of ensuring safety and is capable of preventing irrelevant personnel from easily entering. [GB/T 1992-2006, definition 3.1] 3.8 package generic term of vessels, materials and auxiliaries adopted according to certain technical methods for protecting products, facilitating storage and transport and promoting sales during the circulation process Note: For example, beverage cans, food cans, chemical barrels, steel barrels, non-stick pans, etc. 3.9 profiles objects of certain geometrical shapes and made of aluminum, iron or steel and materials with certain strength and toughness by rolling, extrusion, casting and other processes Note: For example, aluminum profiles, plastic profiles, etc. 3.10 electrical and electronic product equipment and supporting products with the rated working voltage not exceeding 1,500V for direct current and not exceeding 1,000V for alternating current that rely on current or electromagnetic fields for operation or are intended to generate, transmit and measure current and electromagnetic fields, excluding the equipment involved in the production, transmission and distribution of electric energy 3.11 pre-coated coil organic materials/metal composite plates sold in rolls or sheets after the coating or laminated plastic film is applied to rolled metal sheets Note: For example, building plates, home appliance plates, etc. 3.12 shop primer (general) a protective coating applied to a workpiece in a shop, followed by a finish paint on site [GB/T 5206-2015, definition 2.232.1] 3.13 effect pigment usually as a flake pigment, which can provide some other performances besides color, such as rainbow color (formed by light interference on a thin layer), different color with angle (color change, color jump, color shade change) or texture [GB/T 5206-2015, definition 2.91]

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Product classification 5 Requirements 6 Test methods 7 Inspection rules 8 Marks for package 9 Implementation of this standard Annex A (Normative) Determination of water content - Gas chromatographic method Annex B (Normative) Determination of the content of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) - Spectrophotometry Bibliography

工业防护涂料中有害物质限量 1 范围 本标准规定了工业防护涂料中对人体和环境有害的物质容许限量所涉及的产品分类、要求、测试方法、检验规则、包装标志、标准的实施。 本标准适用于除腻子以外的对金属、混凝土、塑胶等表面进行防护的各类工业防护涂料(船舶涂料除外)。 本标准不适用于航空航天涂料、核电涂料、军事装备和设施用涂料。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 1725—2007 色漆、清漆和塑料 不挥发物含量的测定 GB/T 3186—色漆、清漆和色漆与清漆用原材料 取样 GB/T 6682—2008 分析实验室用水规格和试验方法 GB/T 6750—2007 色漆和清漆 密度的测定 比重瓶法 GB/T 8170—2008数值修约规则与极限数值的表示和判定 GB/T 9750涂料产品包装标志 GB/T 9758.5—1988色漆和清漆 “可溶性”金属含量的测定 第5部分：液体色漆的颜料部分或粉末状色漆中六价铬含量的测定 二苯卡巴肼分光光度法 GB/T 9760—1988色漆和清漆 液体或粉末状色漆中酸萃取物的制备 GB/T 23985—2009 色漆和清漆 挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 差值法 GB/T 23986—2009色漆和清漆 挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 23990—2009涂料中苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 23992—2009涂料中氯代烃含量的测定 气相色谱法 GB/T 30647—2014涂料中有害元素总含量的测定 GB/T 34675—2017辐射固化涂料中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 GB/T 34682—2017含有活性稀释剂的涂料中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)含量的测定 GB/T 36488—2018涂料中多环芳烃的测定 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 工程机械 engineering machinery 土方工程、石方工程、混凝土工程及各类建筑安装工程在综合机械化施工过程中所使用的作业机械设备。 注：例如，工业车辆、建筑机械、线路机械、市政环卫机械、电梯及扶梯、气动工具等。 3.2 农业机械 agricultural machinery 在作物种植业和畜牧业生产过程中，以及农、畜产品初加工和处理过程中所使用的各种机械。 注：例如，农用动力机械、农田建设机械、土壤耕作机械、种植和施肥机械、植物保护机械、农田排灌机械、作物收获机械、农产品加工机械、畜牧业机械和农业运输机械等。 3.3 港口机械port machinery 在港口从事船舶的货物装卸，库场进行货物堆码、拆垛和转运，以及船舱内、车厢内、仓库内货物搬运等作业的机械设备。 注：例如，起重机械、装卸车辆、输送机械、搬运机械等。 3.4 化工机械 chemical machinery 在化学工业生产中所用的机器和设备的总称。 注：例如，各种过滤机、破碎机、离心分离机、旋转窑、搅拌机、旋转干燥机以及流体输送机械等化工机器，各种容器(槽、罐、釜等)、普通窑、塔器、反应器、换热器、普通干燥器、蒸发器，反应炉、电解槽、结晶设备、传质设备、吸附设备、流态化设备、普通分离设备以及离子交换设备等化工设备。 3.5 建筑物 building 用建筑材料构筑的空间和实体，供人们居住和进行各种活动的场所。 [GB/T 50504—2009，定义2.1.4] 注：例如，住宅、办公大楼、厂房、仓库、商场、体育馆、展览馆、图书馆、医院、学校、机场、车站、剧院、教堂等。 3.6 构筑物 construction 为某种使用目的而建造的、人们一般不直接在其内部进行生产和生活活动的工程实体或附属建筑设施。 [GB/T 50504—2009，定义2.1.5] 注：例如，桥梁、铁塔、碑塔、电视塔、护栏、电力设施、石化设施、近海设施等结构。 3.7 集装箱 container 一种供货物运输的设备，应满足以下条件： a)具有足够的强度和刚度，可长期反复使用； b)适于一种或多种运输方式载运，在途中转运时，箱内货物不需换装； c)具有便于快捷装卸和搬运的装置，特别是从一种运输方式转移到另一种运输方式； d)便于货物的装满或卸空； e)具有1 m3及其以上的容积； f)是一种按照确保安全的要求进行设计，并具有防御无关人员轻易进入的货运工具。 [GB/T 1992—2006，定义3.1] 3.8 包装package 为在流通过程中保护产品、方便贮运、促进销售，按一定技术方法而采用的容器、材料及辅助物等的总体名称。 注：例如，饮料罐、食品罐、化工桶、钢桶、不粘锅等。 3.9 型材profiles 以铝、铁或钢以及具有一定强度和韧性的材料通过轧制、挤出、铸造等工艺制成的具有一定几何形状的物体。 注：例如，铝型材、塑料型材等。 3.10 电子电器 electrical and electronic product 依靠电流或电磁场工作或者以产生、传输和测量电流和电磁场为目的，额定工作电压为直流电不超过1 500 V、交流电不超过1 000 V的设备及配套产品。其中涉及电能生产、传输和分配的设备除外。 3.11 预涂卷材pre-coated coil 在成卷的金属薄板上涂覆涂料或层压塑料薄膜后，以成卷或单张形式出售的有机材料/金属复合板材。 注：例如，建筑板、家电板等。 3.12 车间底漆 shop primer (通用)一种保护涂料，在车间施涂于工件，随后在现场施涂面漆。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定义2.232.1] 3.13 效应颜料 effect pigment 通常为片状颜料，除提供颜色外还能提供一些其他性能，如彩虹色(光在薄层上发生干涉而形成)，随角异色(颜色变换，颜色跳跃、颜色明暗变化)或纹理。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定义2.91] 3.14 挥发性有机化合物 volatile organic compound VOC 参与大气光化学反应的有机化合物，或者根据有关规定确定的有机化合物。 3.15 挥发性有机化合物含量 volatile organic compound content VOC含量 在规定的条件下测得的涂料中存在的挥发性有机化合物的质量。 [GB/T 5206—2015，定义2.271] 3.16 施工状态 application condition 在施工方式和施工条件满足相应产品技术说明书中的要求时，产品所有组分混合后，可以进行施工的状态。 4产品分类 本标准将工业防护涂料分为水性涂料、溶剂型涂料、无溶剂涂料、辐射固化涂料、粉末涂料。其中，水性涂料分为机械设备涂料、建筑物和构筑物防护涂料(建筑用墙面涂料除外)、集装箱涂料、包装涂料、型材涂料(含金属底材幕墙板涂料)、电子电器涂料；溶剂型涂料分为机械设备涂料、建筑物和构筑物防护涂料、集装箱涂料、预涂卷材涂料、包装涂料、型材涂料(含金属底材幕墙板涂料)、电子电器涂料；辐射固化涂料分为水性和非水性。 5 要求 5.1 除特殊功能性涂料以外的各类工业防护涂料中VOC含量的限量值应符合表1、表2、表3、表4的要求。 注：特殊功能性涂料是指绝缘涂料、触摸屏和光学塑料片用耐指纹涂料、150℃以上高温烧结成膜的聚四氟乙烯类涂料(耐化学介质、耐磨、润滑、不粘等特殊功HB)、弹性体用氟硅涂料、电镀银效果漆(辐射固化型)、标志漆、电子元器件用保护涂料(防酸雾、防尘、防湿等特殊功能)等。 水性涂料中VOC含量的限量值应符合表1的要求；溶剂型涂料中VOC含量的限量值应符合表2的要求；无溶剂涂料中VOC含量的限量值应符合表3的要求；辐射固化涂料中VOC含量的限量值应符合表4的要求。当涂料产品明示适用于多种用途时，应符合各要求中最严格的限量值要求。 水性涂料和水性辐射固化涂料所有项目均不考虑水的稀释比例；其他类型涂料按产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比混合后测定，如多组分的某组分使用量为某一范围时，应按照产品施工状态下的施工配比规定的最大比例混合后进行测定。 表1 水性涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 产品类别 主要产品类型 限量值/(g/L) 机械设备涂料 工程机械和农业机械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤300 面漆 ≤420 清漆 ≤420 港口机械和化工机械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 车间底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 清漆 ≤300 其他 底漆 ≤250 中涂 ≤200 面漆 ≤300 清漆 ≤300 建筑物和构筑物 防护涂料(建筑用 墙面涂料除外) 金属基材 防腐涂料 单组分 醇酸树脂涂料 ≤350 其他 底漆 ≤300 面漆 ≤300 效应颜料漆 ≤420 双组分 车间底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤300 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 效应颜料漆 ≤420 建筑物和构筑物防护涂料(建筑用墙面涂料除外) 混凝土防护涂料 封闭底漆 ≤300 底漆 ≤250 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 其他 — ≤300 集装箱涂料 底漆 ≤350 中涂 ≤250 面漆 ≤300 包装涂料 不粘涂料 底漆 ≤480 中涂 ≤350 面漆 ≤300 其他 辊涂(片材) ≤480 喷涂 ≤400 型材涂料(含金属底材幕墙板涂料) 电泳涂料 ≤250 氟树脂涂料 ≤350 其他 ≤300 电子电器涂料 底漆 ≤420 色漆 ≤420 清漆 ≤420 表2溶剂型涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 产品类别 主要产品类型 限量值/(g/L) 机械设备涂料 工程机械和农业机械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 底漆 ≤540 中涂 ≤540 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤550 港口机械和化工机械涂料 (含零部件涂料) 车间底漆 ≤680 底漆 无机 ≤600 其他 ≤550 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤500 清漆 ≤500 特种涂料(耐高温涂料等) ≤650 机械设备涂料 其他 底漆 ≤500 中涂 ≤480 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤550 建筑物和构筑 物防护涂料 金属基材防腐涂料 车间底漆 无机 ≤720 有机 ≤650 无机锌底漆 ≤600 单组分涂料 ≤630 双组分涂料 底漆 ≤500 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤550 清漆 ≤580 混凝土防护涂料 (含铁路混凝土桥面 用薄涂型防水涂料) 封闭底漆 ≤700 底漆 ≤540 中涂 ≤540 面漆 ≤550 特种涂料(耐高温涂料、 耐化学品涂料、联接漆等) — ≤650 其他 — ≤550 集装箱涂料 车间底漆 喷涂 ≤700 辊涂 ≤650 底漆 ≤550 中涂 ≤500 面漆 ≤550 预涂卷材涂料 氟树脂涂料 — ≤780 其他 底漆 ≤650 背漆 ≤700 面漆 ≤600 清漆 ≤600 包装涂料 不粘涂料 — ≤420 其他 辊涂 卷材 ≤780 片材 ≤680 喷涂 ≤750 型材涂料 (含金属底材 幕墙板涂料) 氟树脂涂料 — ≤780 其他 底漆 ≤520 面漆 ≤600 清漆 ≤550 电子电器涂料 底漆 ≤600 色漆 ≤700 清漆 ≤650 表3无溶剂涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 项目 限量值/(g/L) VOC含量 ≤100 表4辐射固化涂料中VOC含量的限量值要求 产品类别 施涂方式 限量值/(g/L) 水性 喷涂 ≤400 水性 其他 ≤150 非水性 喷涂 ≤550 其他 ≤200 5.2各类工业防护涂料中除VOC含量以外其他有害物质含量的限量值应符合表5的要求。 表5 其他有害物质含量的限量值要求 项目 限量值 苯含量a(限溶剂型涂料、非水性辐射固化涂料)/％ ≤0.3 甲苯与二甲苯(含乙苯)总和含量a(限溶剂型涂料、非水性辐射固化涂料)/％ ≤35 卤代烃总和含量a(限溶剂型涂料、非水性辐射固化涂料)/％ (限二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,1-二氯乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、1,1,2-三氯乙烷、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,2,3-三氯丙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯) ≤1 多环芳烃总和含量a(限溶剂型涂料、非水性辐射固化涂料)/(mg/kg) (限萘、蒽) ≤500 甲醇含量a(限无机类涂料)/％ ≤1 乙二醇醚及醚酯总和含量a(限水性涂料、溶剂型涂料、辐射固化涂料)/％ (限乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇乙醚醋酸酯、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚) ≤1 重金属含量(限色漆b、粉末涂料、醇酸清漆)/(mg/kg) 铅(Pb)含量 ≤1 000 镉(Cd)含量 ≤100 六价铬(Cr6+)含量 ≤1 000 汞(Hg)含量 ≤1 000 a按产品明示的施工状态下的施工配比混合后测定，如多组分的某组分的使用量为某一范围时，应按照产品施工状态下的施工配比规定的最大比例混合后进行测定，水性涂料和水性辐射固化涂料所有项目均不考虑水的稀释比例。 b指含有颜料、体质颜料、染料的一类涂料。