GB/T 45049-2024 Earth-moving machinery - Battery electric hydraulic excavators - Test methods
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for battery electric hydraulic excavators. This document is applicable to the inspection of battery electric hydraulic excavators.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3838-2002 Environmental quality standards for surface water
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 6572 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Terminology and commercial specifications
GB/T 7586-2018 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Test methods
GB/T 8419 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
GB/T 8499 Earth-moving machinery - Method for locating the centre of gravity
GB/T 8595 Earth-moving machinery - Operator's controls
GB/T 10913 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of ground speed
GB/T 13331 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Lift capacity
GB/T 13332 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders - Methods of determining tool forces
GB/T 14848-2017 Standard for groundwater quality
GB/T 16937 Earth-moving machinery - Operator's field of view - Test method and performance criteria
GB/T 18488 Drive motor system for electric vehicles
GB/T 19929 Earth-moving machinery - Crawler machines - Performance requirements and test procedures for braking systems
GB/T 19930 Earth-moving machinery - Tip-Over Protection Structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements
GB/T 19930.2 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory tests and performance requirements for protective structures of excavators - Part 2: Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for excavators of over 6 t
GB/T 19932 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements for operator protective guards
GB/T 19933.2 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 2: Air filter element test method
GB/T 19933.3 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 3: Pressurization test method
GB/T 19933.4 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 4: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) test method and performance
GB/T 19933.5 Earth-moving machinery - Operator enclosure environment - Part 5: Windscreen defrosting system test method
GB/T 20418 Earth-moving machinery - Lighting, signaling, and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices
GB/T 21152 Earth-moving machinery - Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines - Performance requirements and test procedures for brake systems
GB/T 21155 Earth-moving machinery - Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns - Test methods and performance criteria
GB/T 22359.1 Earth-moving and building construction machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply - Part 1: General EMC requirements under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions
GB/T 25602 Earth-moving machinery - Machine availability - Vocabulary
GB/T 25614 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of sound power level - Dynamic test conditions
GB/T 25615 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of emission sound pressure level at operator’s position - Dynamic test conditions
GB/T 25685.1 Earth-moving machinery - Field of vision of surveillance and rear-view mirrors - Part 1: Test methods
GB/Z 26139 Earth-moving machinery - Guidelines for assessment of exposure to whole-body vibration of ride-on machines - Use of harmonized data measured by international institutes, organizations and manufacturers
GB/T 30965 Earth-moving machinery - Determination of average ground contact pressure for crawler machines
GB/T 36693-2018 Earth-moving machinery - Hydraulic excavator - Reliability test procedures, failure classification and evaluation
GB/T 44254 Electric earth-moving machinery - Terminology
GB/T 44255-2024 Earth-moving machinery - Energy consumption for battery electric hydraulic excavators - Test methods
GB/T 44257.1 Traction battery of electric earth-moving machinery - Part 1: Safety requirements
GB/T 44259-2024 Earth-moving machinery - Battery electric hydraulic excavator for plateau tunnels
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 6572, GB/T 25602, GB/T 36693-2018 and GB/T 44254 apply.
4 Preparation before testing
4.1 Measurement accuracy
Measurement accuracy shall comply with the requirements of 4.3 in GB/T 44255-2024.
4.2 Preparation of technical documents
4.2.1 Operator's manual for the battery electric hydraulic excavator (hereinafter referred to as "electric excavator").
4.2.2 Technical parameters of the electric excavator are given in Table A.1 of Annex A.
4.3 Preparation of electric excavator
4.3.1 The configuration of the complete machine shall reach the standard state specified by the manufacturer, and the power battery shall undergo at least one process from full charge to the minimum state of charge (SOC).
4.3.2 The complete machine shall be sufficiently warmed up before testing, and the hydraulic oil temperature shall reach 50°C±3°C.
4.4 Test site
The test site shall comply with the requirements of 4.4 in GB/T 7586-2018.
5 Stationary test
5.1 Determination of overall dimensions of base machine
The determination of overall dimensions of base machine shall be in accordance with the requirements of 5.1 in GB/T 7586-2018.
5.2 Determination of operating parameters
Contents
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Preparation before testing
5 Stationary test
6 Determination of tipping moments
7 Determination of digging forces
8 Travel performance tests
9 Swing tests
10 Noise measurement
11 Vibration tests
12 Lift capacity test
13 Indirect contact protection tests
14 Electromagnetic compatibility tests
15 Tests for lighting, signaling and marking lights, and reflex reflectors
16 Tests for travel audible warning devices and front horns
17 Tests for surveillance and rear-view mirrors
18 Tests for operator protective devices
19 Tests for tip-over protective structures (TOPS) and roll-over protective structures (ROPS)
20 Tests for operator enclosure environment
21 Strength tests
22 All-electric-working-time test
23 No-load operation test
24 Hydraulic system tests
25 Thermal balance tests
26 Electrical equipment protection level tests
27 Power battery safety verification
28 Motor safety verification
29 Reliability tests
Annex A (Informative) Technical parameters sheet for battery electric hydraulic excavators
Annex B (Informative) Test record sheets for battery electric hydraulic excavators
Figure 1
Figure 2
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Figure 6
Table 1 Failure classification and evaluation criteria
Table A.1 Technical parameters sheet for battery electric hydraulic excavators
Table B.1 Record sheet for hydraulic cylinder speed determination
Table B.2 Record sheet for gradeability determination
Table B.3 Record sheet for swing braking test
Table B.4 Record sheet for swing moment test
Table B.5 Record sheet of insulation resistance test for complete machine
Table B.6 Record sheet for potential equalization test
Table B.7 Reliability test shift record sheet for battery electric hydraulic excavators
Table B.8 Reliability test failure record sheet for battery electric hydraulic excavators
