标准编号:	GB/T 33014.1-2016
中文名称:	道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法 第1部分：一般规定
英文名称:	Road vehicles―Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy―Part 1:General
中标分类:	T36    电子、电气设备
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	43.040.10 43.040.10    电气和电子设备 43.040.10
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2016-10-13
实施日期:	2017-11-1
标准状态:	现行
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	15000 字
翻译价格(元):	290.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



GB/T 33014 consists of the following parts under the general title Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy:



—— Part 1: General;



—— Part 2: Absorber-lined shielded enclosure;



—— Part 3: Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell;



—— Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI);



—— Part 5: Stripline;



—— Part 7: Direct ratio frequency (RF) power injection;



—— Part 8: Magnetic field immunity method;



—— Part 9: Portable transmitters;



—— Part 10: Immunity to conducted disturbances in the extended audio frequency range;



—— Part 11: Reverberation chamber.



This part is Part 1 of GB/T 33014.



This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.



This part has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 11452-1: 2005 Road vehicles - Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 1: General principles and terminology and ISO 11452-1 AMD 1: 2008.



The technical deviations between this part and ISO 11451-1: 2005 and their justifications are as follows:



——Clause 1 is normatively prepared in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009;



——Clause 2 “Normative references” is added in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009, including several standards used in the text;



——in the original international standards of this series, 11 parts have been added, but the other parts (out of Parts 1-5) cannot be converted synchronously together with Parts 1-5, so such condition is not easy to express in Table 1. Consequently, Part 7 of Table 1 of the original international standard is deleted, and only Parts 1-5 converted synchronously are retained;



——the terms and definitions in the original international standard, which duplicated with those in GB/T 29259, are therefore deleted; only the ones in the national standard are referenced to avoid duplication of definitions;



——the content of Clause 3 and Sub-clause 4.1 of the original international standard are included in 4.1 and 4.2 of this part respectively, and Clauses 3 and 4 of the original international standard are merged in this part to maintain the structural correspondence with the original standard;



——a revision of the original international standard is added in 2008, making great adjustments to the functional performance status classification (FPSC) in Annex A. Considering that the understanding and requirements of many international standards for the functional performance status classification (FPSC) are tending to the new edition, the revised Edition 2008 is adopted for Annex A in this part.



——as both A.1 and A.2 in Annex A (Edition 2008) of the original international standard describe the principle of functional performance status classification (FPSC), while the contents and titles do not completely correspond, this part comprehensively synthesizes the upper and lower paragraphs, and integrates the principle of functional performance status classification (FPSC) into A.2, so that the contents of upper and lower paragraphs correspond to the titles, facilitating the understanding and use of the standard.



The following editorial change has been made in this part:



——“Foreword”, “Introduction” and “Bibliography” of the original international standard are deleted.



This part was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.



This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee of Auto Standardization (SAC/TC 114).





Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 1: General



1 Scope



This part of GB/T 33014 specifies the general conditions, test apparatus, test procedures, etc. for component (ESA) test for electrical/electronic disturbances from continuous narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy.



This part is applicable to electrical/electronic components for Categories M, N, O and L vehicles, regardless of the vehicle propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor).



Note: The immunity test of this standard series is applicable to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields with a frequency range of 0.01 MHz ~ 18,000 MHz.



2 Normative references



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 29259 Road vehicle - Electromagnetic compatibility terminology

GB/T 33014.2 Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 2: Absorber-lined shielded enclosure (GB/T 33014.2-2016, ISO 11452-2: 2004, MOD)

GB/T 33014.3 Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 3: Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell (GB/T 33014.3-2016, ISO 11452-3: 2001, MOD)

GB/T 33014.4 Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI) (GB/T 33014.4-2016, ISO 11452-4: 2005, MOD)

GB/T 33014.5 Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 5: Stripline (GB/T 33014.5-2016, ISO 11452-5: 2002, MOD)



3 Terms and definitions



For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 29259 apply.



4 Test condition



4.1 General



The test methods, procedures, instrumentation and levels specified in the standard are intended to determine the immunity characteristics of ESA for electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy, so as to provide a basis for mutual agreement between vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers.



Some ESAs are very susceptible to some characteristics of electromagnetic disturbance, such as frequency, severity level, type of coupling or modulation. Some are more susceptible to modulated, as opposed to unmodulated, radio-frequency (RF) signals. The reason is that high-frequency disturbances may be demodulated by semiconductors. In the case of unmodulated signals, this leads to a continuous shift of, for example, a voltage; in the case of amplitude-modulated signals, the resulting low-frequency fluctuations may be interpreted as intentional signals (e.g. speed information) and therefore disturb the function of the device under test (DUT) more severely.



A single test method may not reveal all the needed information about immunity of the DUT. It is thus necessary in the use of this standard series to anticipate the appropriate test conditions, select applicable parts of GB/T 33014 and define performance indexes of the DUT. The main characteristics of each test method are presented in Table 1.



Table 1 Main characteristics of test methods in this standard series

Standard series Applicable frequency range MHz Coupling to Parameter and unit of test severity levels Remarks

Absorber-lined shielded enclosure (GB/T 33014.2) 80~18 000 DUT and wiring harness Electric field (V/m) Absorber-lined shielded enclosure

Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell (GB/T 33014.3) 0.01~200 DUT / wiring harness Electric field (V/m) The size of DUT/ harness is limited.

Bulk current injection (BCI) (GB/T 33014.4) 1~400 Wiring harness Current (mA) Shielded enclosure

Stripline (GB/T 33014.5) 0.01~400 Wiring harness Electric field (V/m) The size of Shielded enclosure harness is limited.



4.2 Test condition



Unless otherwise specified, the following test conditions are applicable to all parts of GB/T 33014:



—— Test temperature;



—— Test voltage;



—— Modulation;



—— Dwell time;



—— Frequency step sizes;



—— Definition of test severity levels;



—— Test signal quality.



Unless otherwise specified, the variables used shall have the following tolerances:



—— ±10% for durations and distances;



—— ±10% for resistances and impedances;



—— ±1 dB for power meter;



—— ±3 dB for field probe.



4.3 Test temperature



The ambient temperature during the test shall be (23±5)℃. If another test temperature is agreed by the supplier and the demander, the temperature shall be stated in the test report.



4.4 Test voltage



The supply voltages applied in the test are as follows:



—— 12V electrical system: (13.5±0.5) V;



—— 24V electrical system: (27±1) V.



Other voltages agreed upon by the supplier and demander shall be documented in the test report.



4.5 Modulation mode



The characteristics of the DUT determine the type and frequency of modulation signals. Unless otherwise specified, the following signals shall be used.



—— Unmodulated sine wave (CW). See Figure 1 a);



—— Sine wave amplitude modulated (AM) by 1 kHz sine wave at modulation depth m=0.8. See Figure 1 b) and Annex B;



—— Sine wave pulse modulated (PM) with pulse width of 577 μs and period of 4,600 μs. See Figure 1 c).



In actual test, PM modulated wave shall not be replaced by either the pulse from blanking of the amplifier or a 100% AM modulated wave (modulation depth m=1).

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test condition
4.1 General
4.2 Test condition
4.3 Test temperature
4.4 Test voltage
4.5 Modulation mode
4.6 Dwell time
4.7 Frequency step size
4.8 Definition of test severity levels
4.9 Test signal quality
5 Measuring equipment
5.1 Artificial loads
5.2 Grounding and shielding
5.3 Power supply
5.4 Test signal quality
6 Test procedure
6.1 Test plan
6.2 Test methods
6.3 Declared speed
6.4 DUT immunity measurement
6.5 Test report
Annex A (Normative) Function performance status classification (FPSC)
Annex B (Informative) Constant peak test level

ICS 43.040.10
T 36
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 33014.1—2016
道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射
电磁能的抗扰性试验方法
第1部分：一般规定
Road vehicles—Component test methods for electrical/electronic
disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy—Part 1：General
(ISO 11452-1：2005，Road vehicles—Component test methods for electrical
disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy—
Part 1：General principles and terminology，MOD)
2016-10-13发布 2017-11-01实施
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局
中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布
前方
GB/T 33014《道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法》包括以下几部分：
——第1部分：一般规定；
——第2部分：电波暗室法；
——第3部分：横电磁波(TEM)小室法；
——第4部分：大电流注入(BCI)法；
——第5部分：带状线法；
——第7部分：射频(RF)功率直接注入法；
——第8部分：磁场抗扰法；
——第9部分：便携式发射机模拟法；
——第10部分：扩展音频范围的传导抗扰法；
——第11部分：混响室法。
本部分为GB/T 33014的第1部分。
本部分按照GB/T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。
本部分使用重新起草法修改采用ISO 11452-1：2005《道路车辆 窄带辐射电磁能引发的电骚扰的零部件试验方法 第1部分：总则及术语》及ISO 11452-1 AMD 1：2008。
本部分与ISO 11452-1：2005的技术性差异及原因如下：
——按GB/T 1.1—2009规定对第1章进行规范编写；
——按GB/T 1.1—2009规定增加了规范性引用文件一章，列入了正文中用到的多个标准；
——因本系列原国际标准已经增加到了11部分，但其他部分和第1～5部分不能同步进行转化，因此在表1中不好表述，故删除了原国际标准表1的第7部分，只保留同步转化的第1～5部分；
——原国际标准中的术语定义和GB/T 29259有重复，给予删除，改为引用国标，避免重复定义；
——将原国际标准第3章的内容列入4.1，将原文4.1的内容列入4.2，并且将原国际标准的第3章和第4章合并在一起保持与原国际标准结构上的对应；
——原国际标准于2008年又增加了修正版，对附录A功能特性状态分类(FPSC)做了很大的调整，考虑到目前国际上很多标准对功能特性状态分类(FPSC)的理解和要求都趋向于新版本，在本部分中对附录A采用了2008年修正版；
——因原国际标准附录A(2008版)中A.1和A.2对功能特性状态分类(FPSC)原则都有描述，同时内容和标题又没有完全对应，本部分对上、下两段内容进行了综合整理，对功能特性状态分类(FPSC)原则整合到A.2，使上、下两段内容和标题对应，便于标准的理解和使用。
本部分还进行了下列编辑性修改：
——删除了原国际标准的前言、引言和参考文献。
本部分由中华人民共和国工业和信息化部提出。
本部分由全国汽车标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 114)归口。
道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射
电磁能的抗扰性试验方法
第1部分：一般规定
1 范围
GB/T 33014的本部分规定了电气/电子部件(ESA)对连续窄带辐射电骚扰抗扰试验的基本条件、试验仪器和试验程序等。
本部分适用于M、N、O、L类车辆(不限定车辆动力系统，例如火花点火发动机、柴油发动机、电动机)用电气/电子部件。
注：本系列标准的抗扰度试验适用于频率范围为0.01 MHz～18 000 MHz的连续窄带电磁场。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 29259道路车辆 电磁兼容术语
GB/T 33014.2道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法 第2部分：电波暗室法(GB/T 33014.2—2016，ISO 11452-2：2004，MOD)
GB/T 33014.3道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法 第3部分：横电磁波(TEM)小室法(GB/T 33014.3—2016，ISO 11452-3：2001，MOD)
GB/T 33014.4道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法 第4部分：大电流注入(BCI)法(GB/T 33014.4—2016，ISO 11452-4：2005，MOD)
GB/T 33014.5道路车辆 电气/电子部件对窄带辐射电磁能的抗扰性试验方法 第5部分：带状线法(GB/T 33014.5—2016，ISO 11452-5：2002，MOD)
3术语和定义
GB/T 29259界定的术语和定义适用于本文件。
4试验条件
4.1 一般规定
本系列标准中规定的试验方法、程序、试验仪器和等级是用来确定ESA对窄带辐射电磁能引发的电骚扰的抗扰特性，为车辆制造商和零部件供应商之间的协议提供依据。
有些ESA对电磁骚扰信号的一些特性(比如频率、严酷等级、耦合方式或调制类型等)非常敏感，有些则对调制射频信号比未调制信号更敏感，这是由于高频骚扰可能被半导体器件解调；未调制信号可能会导致电压等特性的持续偏移，而调幅信号被解调后产生的低频波动信号有可能被电子装置误认为是有用信号(如速度信息)，此时被测装置(DUT)就更容易受到严重干扰。
单一试验方法可能无法反映DUT抗扰性的全部信息。因此使用本系列标准时应预先确定合适的试验条件，选择GB/T 33014的相应部分，定义DUT的性能指标。每个试验方法的主要特性见表1。
表1 系列标准中试验方法的主要特性
系列标准 适用频率范围MHz 耦合对象 试验严酷等级的参数和单位 备注
GB/T 33014.2电波暗室法 80～18 000 DUT和线束 电场(V/m) 电波暗室
GB/T 33014.3横电磁波(TEM)小室法 0.01～200 DUT/线束 电场(V/m) DUT/线束的尺寸有限制
GB/T 33014.4大电流注入(BCI)法 1～400 线束 电流(mA) 屏蔽室
GB/T 33014.5带状线法 0.01～400 线束 电场(V/m) 屏蔽室线束的尺寸有限制

4.2试验条件
如无特别规定，下列试验条件适于GB/T 33014的所有部分：
——试验温度；
——试验电压；
——调制方式；
——驻留时间；
——频率步长；
——试验严酷等级的定义；
——试验信号质量。
如无特别规定，所用参数的允差如下：
——持续时间和距离：±10％；
——电阻和阻抗：±10％；
——功率计：±1 dB；
——场强探头：±3 dB。
4.3试验温度
试验过程中环境温度应为(23±5)℃，如果供需双方商定采用其他试验温度应在试验报告中声明。
4.4试验电压
试验过程中电源电压为：
——12 V电系：(13.5±0.5)V；
——24 V电系：(27±1)V。
如果供需双方商定采用其他试验电压应在试验报告中说明。
4.5调制方式
调制信号的类型和频率由DUT的特性决定，如无其他规定，应使用下列信号：
——未调制正弦波(CW)，见图1a)；
——调制频率为1 kHz，调制深度为0.8的调幅正弦波(AM)，见图1b)和附录B；
——脉冲宽度为577μs，周期为4 600μs的脉冲调制正弦波(PM)，见图1c)。
实际试验时不能使用放大器的通断所形成的脉冲或100％AM调制波(调制深度m=1)来代替PM调制波。

a)CW信号

b)AM信号

c)PM信号
说明：
f——频率：1 kHz；
t——时间：μs。
图1 调制
调制信号的适用频率范围如下：
——CW：0.01 MHz～18 000 MHz；
——AM：0.01 MHz～800 MHz；
——PM：800 MHz～18 000 MHz。
4.6 驻留时间
在每个频点，DUT暴露在试验场强下的时间应不小于控制DUT所需的最短响应时间。任何情况下，驻留时间不得小于1 s。
4.7频率步长
各个试验中的频率步长(对数或线性步长)不得大于表2规定。如果供需双方商定采用其他频率步长应在试验报告中声明。
表2频率步长
频段
MHz 线性步长
MHz 对数步长
％
0.01≤f≤0.1 0.01 10
0.1