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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. Articles of 7.1, 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.3 and 9.4 in this national standard are obligatory clauses and the rest are commendatory clauses. This national standard is non-equifinal to European cement standard EN 197-1:2000. This standard will replace the three Standards from the date of its implementation: GB175-1999 Portland Cements and Ordinary Portland Cement, GB1344-1999 Slag Portland Cement, Portland-pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland Cement, GB12958-1999 Composite Portland Cement. Compared with GB175-1999, GB1344-1999 and GB12958-1999, this national standard has the following changes: Full-text obligatory clauses are changed to provisional obligatory clauses (Foreword of this edition). Add definition for common Portland cement (Chapter 3 in this Edition). Cancel cements' definition for all kinds (Chapter 3 in original editions of GB175-1999, GB1344-1999, GB12958-1999) Combine Composition and Materials into one chapter (Chapter 4 in original editions of GB175-1999, GB1344-1999, GB12958-1999) For ordinary Portland cement, “when active admixture was mixed in, the maximum mixed amount should not exceed 15% and it is permitted to use kiln ash no more than 5% of the cement's mass and non-active admixture no more than 10% of the cement’s mass instead” is changed into “mixed active admixture >5%, ≤20%, and it is permitted to use kiln ash(in compliance with Article 5.2.5) no more than 5% of the cement's mass and non-active admixture(in compliance with Article 5.2.4) no more than 8% of the cement’s mass instead”(Article 3.2 in Original edition of GB175-1999, Article 5.1 in this edition). Slag content in slag Portland cement is changed from “20%~70%” into “>20%, ≤70%”and is classified as Type A and Type B. Type A’s mixed slag >20%, ≤50%, code number is P.S.A; Type B’s mixed slag>50%, ≤70% (Article 3.1 in original edition GB1344-1999, Article 5.1 in this edition; ) Volcanic ash content in Portland-Pozzolana cement is changed from “20%~50%” into “>20%, ≤40%” (Article 3.2 in original edition GB1344-1999, Article 5.1 in this edition; ) Mixed substances in composite Portland cement change from “greater than 15% but no greater than 50%” into “>20%, ≤50%” (Chapter 3.3 in original edition GB12598-1999, Article 5.1 in this edition; ) Add granulated blast-furnace slag powder in the materials (Article 5.2.3 and Article 5.2.4) Cancel granulated chrome iron slag, granulated-calcium enhanced liquid slag, granulated carbon chrome iron slag, granulated blast furnace slag bearing titania and other admixture, and newly developed mixed materials compliable with Annex A; cancel Annex A (Article 4.2 and Article 4.3 and Annex A in original edition of GB12958-1999) Add M-type mixed gypsum and cancel A-type hard gypsum (Chapter 3 in GB175-1999, GB1344-1999 and GB12958-1999, Article 5.2.1.1 in this edition). Mixed grinding aids change from “no greater than 1% of the mass of cement” into “no greater than 0.5% of the mass of cement” (Article 4.5 in original editions GB175-1999, GB1344-1999 and GB12958-1999, Article 5.2.6 in this edition); Cancel 32.5 and 32.5R for ordinary cement’s strength level (Chapter 5 in original edition GB175-1999 and Chapter 6 in this edition); Change “the magnesium oxide content in clinkers” of slag Portland cement, Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement and composite Portland cement to “the magnesium content in cement”. For types P.S.A, P.P, P.F, and P.C, magnesium contents should be no greater than 6.0% and a note should be given that “if magnesium content in cement is greater than 6.0%, this kind of cement should pass the autoclave test and is proved be qualified”; no requirement for P.S.B. (Article 6.1 in the original editions GB1344-1999 and GB 12598-1999, Article 7.1 in this edition) Add the content limit of Chloride ion and Chloride ion’s content should be no greater than 0.06% (Article 7.1 in this edition); Change the strength indicators of ordinary Portland cement of all strength levels to make them identical to those of the Portland cement; change the strength indicators of composite Portland cements of all strength levels to make them identical to those of the slag Portland cement, Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement (Article 6.6 in original edition GB12958-1999, 7.3.3 in this edition) 45 μm Square-hole sieve residue no greater than 30% will be taken as an indicator (Article 7.3.4 in this edition); Add rules and regular verification for cement composition test method. Expand the applicable scope of the regulation “decide the water amount according to 0.05 water-cement ratio and mortar mobility no less than 180 mm” from regulated cement types to Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement, composite Portland cement and ordinary Portland cement mixed with volcanic ash content (Article 7.5 in original edition GB 1344-1999 and Article 8.5 in this edition) Add serial number and sample for annual capacity “over 200x104 t”, that is: greater than 200x104 t but no greater than 4000 t as a serial number; change “greater than 1200,000 tons no greater than 1200 tons as a serial number” to “120x104 t~ 200x104, no greater than 2400 t as a serial number” (Article 8.1 in original editions GB175-1999,GB1344-1999,GB12958-1999, Article 9.1 in this edition) Change “Finished cement’s strength level should be guaranteed, other technical specifications should comply with related specifications of this national standard” into “cement can be shipped only when all cement’s technical indicators and packaging quality comply with requirements” (Article 8.2 in original editions GB175-1999,GB1344-1999,GB12958-1999, Article 9.2 in this edition). Add factory inspection (Article 9.3 in this edition). Cancel the rejected product testing (Article 8.3.1 in original edition GB175-1999,GB1344-1999,GB12958-1999); Cancel the regulations for the fineness and mixed amount of admixture in unacceptable products. The test rule changes into “according to the test result, if the products comply with 7.1, 7.3,.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.3, then it is rated as acceptable products; if the products fail to comply with 7.1, 7.3.1, 7.3.2, 7.3.3, then it is rated as unacceptable products”. (Article 8.3.2 in original editions GB175-1999, GB1344-1999, GB12958-1999, Article 9.4.1 and 9.4.2 in this edition). In inspection report, add “other technical specifications by the contract” (Article 8.4 in original editions GB175-1999, GB1344-1999, GB12958-1999, Article 9.5 in this edition.) In delivery and acceptance report, add “soundness arbitration should be finished within ten days of its sampling.”(Article 9.6.2 in this edition)” As for the package marking, “Both sides of Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement and composite Portland cement should be printed in black” changes into “Both sides of Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement and composite Portland cement should be printed in black or blue (Article 9.2 in original editions GB175-1999, GB1344-1999, GB12958-1999, Article 10.2 in this edition). This national standard is proposed by China Building Materials Industry Association. This national standard is under the jurisdiction of Technological Standard Committee for Cement (SAC/TC184). Primary unit drafting organization: China Building Materials Academy Units that have taken part in the drafting: Tangshan Jidong cement holding co., Ltd., Fujian cement holding Co., ltd., Shandong Conglin Corporation, Dujiangyan Lafaji Co., Ltd., Yunan Guozi Cement Honghe Co., Ltd.,Yun’nan Guozi Cement Kunming Co., Ltd., Hefei Cement Designing Institute, Guangdong Architecture Science Institute, Shandong Cement Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Shanghai Building Scicence Institute Co., ltd., Building Materials Industrial Technological Intelligence Rearch Center, GuanLu Corporation Shandong Wanli Cement Co., Ltd., and Tangshan Longfeng Cement Co., Ltd. This national standard is drafted mainly by: Yan Bilan, Jiang Lizhen, Xiao Zhongming, Liu Chen, Zhang Qiuying, Chen Ping, Huo Chunming, Xi Jinsong, Song Lichun, Wang Xin and Guo Junping. This national standard shall replace the following historical editions GB175-1956, GB175-1962, GB175-1977, GB175-1985, GB175-1992, GB175-1999; GB1344-1956, GB1344-1962, GB1344-1977, GB1344-1985, GB1344-1992, GB1344-1999; GB12958-1981, GB12958-1991, GB12958-1999. Common Portland Cements 通用硅酸盐水泥 1 Scope This national standard specifies that common portland cements’ compositions, materials specifications, strength levels, technical specifications, test methods, test rules, packaging, marking, transportation, storage, etc.. This national standard is applicable to common portland cements. 2 Normative Reference The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. GB/T176 Methods for chemical analysis of cement (GB/T176-1996, eqv ISO680:1990) GB/T203 Granulated blastfurnace slag used for cement production GB/T750 Autoclave method for soundness of portland cement GB/T1345 The test sieving method for fineness of cement (sieve processing method) GB/T1346 Test methods for water requirement of normal consistency,setting time and soundness of the portland cement (GB/T1346-2001, eqv ISO9597:1989) GB/T1596 Fly-ash used for cement and concrete GB/T2419 Test method for fluidity of cement mortar GB/T2847 Pozzolanic materials used for cement production GB/T5483 Gypsum and hard gypsum GB/T8074 Cement’s specific surface area test method (Blaine) GB9774 Package bag of cement GB12573 Cement’s sampling GB/T12960 Examination of cement’s composition of certain amount GB/T17671 Test method for the cement mortar’s strength level (ISO method) (GB/T17671-1999, idt ISO679:1989) GB/T18046 Ground granulated blast furnace slag used for cement and concrete JC/T420 Chemical analysis method of chloride in cement materials JC/T667 Cement’s grinding aids JC/T742 Rotary Kiln ash blended in cement 3 Terms and Definitions The following terms and definitions are applicable to this national standard. Common Portland cement: It is a kind of cement matrix composed of Portland cement clinkers and appropriate gypsum, plus specified admixture. 4 Classifications Common Portland cement specified in this national standard include Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, slag Portland cement, Portland-Pozzolana cement, Fly-ash Portland cement and composite Portland cement. Compositions and codes of all kinds should comply with specifications in Article 5.1. 5 Composition and Material 5.1 Composition Compositions of common Portland cement should comply with specifications of Table 1. Table 1 % Type Code No. Composition (mass fraction) Clinker + Gypsum Granulated blast-furnace slag Volcanic ash admixture fly ash Limestone Portland Cement P.I 100 - - - - P.II ≥95 ≤5 - - - ≥95 - - - ≤5 Ordinary Portland Cement P.O ≥80, <95 >5, ≤20a - Slag Portland Cement P.S.A ≥50, <80 >20, ≤50b - - - P.S.B ≥30, <50 >50, ≤70b - - - Portland-Pozzolana Cement P.P ≥60, <80 - >20, ≤40c - - Fly-ash Portland cement P.F ≥60, <80 - - >20, ≤40d - Composite Portland Cement P.C ≥50, <80 >20, ≤50e Materials of the composition refer to active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.3 of this national standard. The materials are permitted to be replaced by non-active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.4 of this national standard with its mass no greater than 8% of the cement’s or kiln ash in compliance with Article 5.2.5 of this national standard no greater than 5% of the cement’s mass. Materials of the composition refer to active admixture in compliance with GB/T 203 or GB/T 18046.The materials are permitted to be replaced by active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.3 of this national standard with its mass no greater than 8% of the cement’s or non-active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.4 or kiln ash in compliance with Article 5.2.5 of this national standard no greater than 5% of the cement. Materials of the composition refer to active admixture in compliance with GB/T 2847. Materials of the composition refer to active admixture in compliance with GB/T 1596. Materials of the composition are composed of two plus kinds of active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.3 of this national standard or/and non-active admixture in compliance with Article 5.2.4 of this national standard. It is permitted to replace the admixture with kiln ash in compliance with Article 5.2.5 of this national standard no greater than 8% of the cement’s mass. If it is mixed with slag, the mixed admixture should not be identical with that of Slag Portland Cement. 5.2 Materials 5.2.1 Cement clinker of Portland cement Materials are mainly composed of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3. According to a proper proportion, they are grinded into fine powders, burned until partially fused and the hydraulic refractory gelatinous substance is obtained with its main composition calcium silicate. Mineral substance of calcium silicate should be no less than 66%. Mass ratio of Calcium oxide and silicon oxide should be no less than 2.0. 5.2.2 Gypsum Natural gypsum: It should be gypsum or mixed gypsum higher than Class 2 (including Class 2) of Classification G, Classification M, and Classification A specified in GB/T 5483. Industrial by-product Gypsum: By-product from industrial production is mainly composed of calcium sulfate. Before the industrial by-product gypsum is put in use, it should be tested and proved to be harmless to the cement’s property. 5.2.3 Active admixture The admixture should be granulated blast-furnace slag, granulated blast-furnace slag powder, fly-ash and volcanic ash content in compliance with GB/T203, GB/T18046, GB/T1596 and GB/T2847. 5.2.4 Non-active admixture Admixture composed of granulated blast-furnace slag, granulated blast-furnace slag powder, fly-ash and volcanic ash content with its activity indicator lower than the standard specified in GB/T203, GB/T18046, GB/T1596 and GB/T2847; limestone, sandstone and limestone alumina content should be no greater than 2.5%. 5.2.5 Kiln ash It should comply with specifications of JC/T742. 5.2.6 Grinding aids Grinding aids are permitted to be added when the cement is powdered but the added amount should be no greater than 0.5% of the cement’s mass and the grinding aids should be in compliance with specifications in JC/T667. Contents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative Reference 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Classifications 5 Composition and Material 5.1 Composition 5.2 Materials 5.2.1 Cement clinker of Portland cement 5.2.2 Gypsum 5.2.3 Active admixture 5.2.4 Non-active admixture 5.2.5 Kiln ash 5.2.6 Grinding aids 6 Strength Level 7 Technical Specifications 7.1 Chemical Indicators 7.2 Alkali content 7.3 Physical requirement 7.3.1 Setting time 7.3.2 Soundness 7.3.3 Strength level 7.3.4 Fineness (selective indicator) 8 Test Method 8.1 Composition 8.2 Insoluble substance, loss on ignition, magnesium oxide, sulfur trioxide and alkali content 8.3 Autoclave method for soundness 8.4 Chloride ion 8.5 Water requirement of normal consistency, setting time and soundness of the portland cements 8.6 Strength level 8.7 Specific surface 8.8 80 μm and 45 μm sieve residue 9. Test Rules 9.1 Serial number and sampling 9.2 Cement’s being delivered out of factory 9.3 Factory inspection 9.4 Criterion rule 9. 9. 9.5 Inspection report 9.6 Delivery and acceptance 10. Package, Marking, Transportation and Storage 10.1 Package 10.2 Marking 10.3 Transportation and storage GB 175-2007通用硅酸盐水泥 前 言 本标准第6.1、6.3、8.3条为强制性条款,其余为推荐性条款。 本标准参照欧洲水泥试行标准ENV 197-1:2000《通用波特兰水泥》修订。 本标准代替GB175-1999《硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥》、GB1344-1999《矿渣硅酸盐水泥、火山灰质硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥》、GB12958-1999《复合硅酸盐水泥》三个标准。 与GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999相比,主要变化如下: ——全文强制改为条文强制(本版前言); ——增加通用硅酸盐水泥的定义(本版第3.1条); ——将各品种水泥的定义取消(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999第3章); ——将组成与材料合并为一章,材料中增加了硅酸盐水泥熟料(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999第4章,本版第4章); ——普通硅酸盐水泥中“掺活性混合材料时,最大掺量不超过15%,其中允许用不超过水泥质量5%的窑灰或不超过水泥质量10%的非活性混合材料来代替”改为“活性混合材料掺加量为>5%,≤20%,其中允许用不超过水泥质量5%符合本标准第4.2.5条的窑灰或不超过水泥质量8%符合本标准第4.2.4条的非活性混合材料代替”。(原版GB175-1999中第3.2条,本版第4.1条); ——将矿渣硅酸盐水泥中矿渣掺加量由“20%~70%”改为“>20%,≤70%”(原版GB1344-1999中第3.1条,本版第3.4条、4.1条); ——将火山灰质硅酸盐水泥中火山灰质混合材料掺量由“20%~50%”改为“>20%,≤40%” (原版GB1344-1999中第3.2条,本版第4.1条); ——将粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥中粉煤灰掺量由“20%~40%”改为“>20%,≤40%” (原版GB1344-1999中第3.3条,本版第4.1条); ——将复合硅酸盐水泥中混合材料总掺加量由“应大于15%,但不超过50%”改为“>20%,≤50%” (原版GB12958-1999中第3章,本版第4.1条); ——材料中增加了粒化高炉矿渣粉(本版第4.2.2、4.2.3条); ——取消了粒化精铬铁渣、粒化增钙液态渣、粒化碳素铬铁渣、粒化高炉钛矿渣等混合材料以及符合附录A新开辟的混合材料,并将附录A取消(原版GB12958-1999中第4.2条、第4.3条和附录A) ——增加了M类混合石膏(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999和GB12958-1999中第3章,本版第4.2.2.1条); ——助磨剂允许掺量由“不超过水泥质量的1%”改为“不超过水泥质量的0.5%” (原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999和GB12958-1999中第4.5条,本版第4.2.6条); ——普通水泥强度等级中取消32.5和32.5R(原版GB175-1999中第5章,本版第5章); ——增加了氯离子含量的要求,即水泥中氯离子含量不大于0.06%(本版第6.1条); ——取消了细度指标要求,但要求在试验报告中给出结果(原版GB175-1999第6.5条、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第6.3条,本版8.4条); ——将复合硅酸盐水泥的强度等级改为和矿渣硅酸盐水泥、火山灰硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥一致(原版GB12958-1999中第6.6条,本版第6.3.3条) ——增加了水泥组分的试验方法(本版第7.1条); ——强度试验方法中增加了“掺火山灰混合材料的普通硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥和复合硅酸盐水泥在进行胶砂强度检验时,其用水量按0.50水灰比和胶砂流动度不小于180mm来确定。当流动度小于180mm时,须以0.01的整倍数递增的方法将水灰比调整至胶砂流动度不小于180mm” (原版GB1344-1999第7.5条,本版第7.5条); ——将“水泥出厂编号按水泥厂年生产能力规定”改为“水泥出厂编号按单线年生产能力规定” (原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第8.1条,本版第8.1条); ——将“出厂水泥应保证出厂强度等级,其余技术要求应符合本标准有关要求”改为“出厂检验结果符合本标准6.1、6.3条技术要求时,判为出厂检验合格。其中6.1、6.3.1、6.3.2为检验合格、6.3.3条为确认合格后方可出厂。每批水泥出厂时应附有质量保证书”(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第8.2条,本版第8.3.1.1条); ——取消了废品判定(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第8.3.1条); ——不合格品判定中取消了细度和混合材料掺加量的规定,将不合格品判定改为“当6.1、6.3条中任何一项不符合本标准技术要求时,判为不合格品。水泥包装标志中水泥名称、强度等级、生产者名称和出厂编号不全时,判为包装不合格”(原版GB175-1999、GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第8.3.2条,本版第8.3.1.2、8.3.1.3条); ——交货与验收中增加了“安定性仲裁检验时,应在10天以内完成”(本版第8.5.4条); ——包装标志中将“火山灰硅酸盐、粉煤灰硅酸盐和复合硅酸盐水泥的两侧印刷采用黑色”改为“火山灰硅酸盐、粉煤灰硅酸盐和复合硅酸盐水泥的两侧印刷采用黑色或蓝色”(原版GB1344-1999、GB12958-1999中第9.2条,本版第9.2条)。 本标准由中国建筑材料工业协会提出。 本标准由全国水泥标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC184)归口。 本标准主要起草单位: 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 本标准参加起草单位: 本标准主要起草人: 本标准所代替标准的历次版本情况为 -GB175-1956、GB175-1962、GB175-1977、GB175-1985、GB175-1992、GB175-1999; GB1344-1956、GB1344-1962、GB1344-1977、GB1344-1985、GB1344-1992、GB1344-1999;GB12958-1981、GB12958-1991、GB12958-1999。 GB 175-2007通用硅酸盐水泥 1 范围 本标准规定了通用硅酸盐水泥的组成、材料要求、强度等级、技术要求、检验规则和包装、标志、运输与贮存等。 本标准适用于通用硅酸盐水泥。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件,其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准,然而,鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本适用于本标准。 GB/T176 水泥化学分析方法(GB/T176-1996,eqv ISO680:1990) GB/T203 用于水泥中的粒化高炉矿渣 GB/T750 水泥压蒸安定性试验方法 GB/T1345 水泥细度检验方法(筛析法) GB/T1346 水泥标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、安定性检验方法(GB/T1346-2001,eqv ISO9597:1989) GB/T1596 用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰 GB/T2419 水泥胶砂流动度测定方法 GB/T2847 用于水泥中的火山灰质混合材料 GB/T5483 用于水泥中的石膏和硬石膏 GB/T8074 水泥比表面积测定方法(勃氏法) GB9774 水泥包装袋 GB12573 水泥取样方法 GB/T12960 水泥组份的定量测定 GB/T17671 水泥胶砂强度检验方法(ISO法)(GB/T17671-1999,idt ISO679:1989) GB/T18046 用于水泥和混凝土中的粒化高炉矿渣粉 JC/T420 水泥原料中氯的化学分析方法 JC/T667 水泥助磨剂 JC/T742 掺入水泥中的回转窑窑灰 3 定义与分类 3.1 定义 通用硅酸盐水泥 common portland cemant一般土木工程通常采用的水泥。 3.2 分类 本标准规定的通用硅酸盐水泥包括硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐水泥、火山灰硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥和复合硅酸盐水泥,各品种的组分和代号应符合4.1的规定。 4 组分与材料 4.1 组分 通用硅酸盐水泥的组分应符合表1的规定。 表1 单位为百分数,% 名称 代号 组 成 熟料a 粒化高炉矿渣 火山灰质混合材料 粉煤灰 石灰石 硅酸盐水泥 P·I 100 - - - - P·Ⅱ ≥95,<100 ≤5 - - - - - - ≤5 普通硅酸盐水泥 P·O ≥80,≤94 >5,≤20b - 矿渣硅酸盐水泥 P·S ≥30,≤79 >20,≤70c - - - 火山灰硅酸盐水泥 P·P ≥60,≤79 - >20,≤40d - - 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥 P·F ≥60,≤79 - - >20,≤40e - 复合硅酸盐水泥 P·C ≥50,≤79 >20,≤50f 注:a.该组分为硅酸盐水泥熟料和石膏的总和。 b.该组分材料为符合本标准第4.2.3条的活性混合材料,其中允许用不超过水泥质量5%符合本标准第4.2.5条的窑灰或不超过水泥质量8%符合本标准第4.2.4条的非活性混合材料代替。 c.本组分材料为符合GB/T203或GB/T18046的活性混合材料,其中允许用不超过水泥质量8%的、符合本标准第4.2.3条的活性混合材料或符合本标准第4.2.4条的非活性混合材料或符合本标准第4.2.5条的窑灰中的任一种材料代替。 d.本组分材料为符合GB/T2847的活性混合材料。 e.本组分材料为符合GB/T1596的活性混合材料。 f.本组分材料为由两种或两种以上符合本标准第4.2.3条的活性混合材料或符合本标准第4.2.4条的非活性混合材料组成,其中允许用不超过水泥质量8%符合本标准第4.2.5条的窑灰代替。掺矿渣时混合材料掺量不得与矿渣硅酸盐水泥重复。 4.2 材料 4.2.1 硅酸盐水泥熟料:由主要含CaO、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3的原料,按适当比例磨成细粉烧至部分熔融所得以硅酸钙为主要矿物成分的水硬性胶凝物质。其中硅酸钙矿物不小于66%,氧化钙和氧化硅的质量比不小于2.0。 4.2.2石膏 4.2.2.1 天然石膏:应符合GB/T 5483中规定的G类、M类或A类二级(含)以上的石膏、混合石膏或硬石膏。 4.2.2.2 工业副产石膏:工业生产中以硫酸钙为主要成分的副产品。采用工业副产石膏时,应经省级以上权威机构鉴定,证明对水泥性能无害。 4.2.3活性混合材料 符合GB/T203的粒化高炉矿渣(或GB/T18046的粒化高炉矿渣粉)、GB/T1596的粉煤灰、GB/T2847的火山灰质混合材料。 4.2.4非活性混合材料 活性指标低于GB/T203(或GB/T18046)、GB/T1596、GB/T2847标准要求的粒化高炉矿渣(或粒化高炉矿渣粉)、粉煤灰、火山灰质混合材料以及石灰石和砂岩,其中石灰石中的三氧化二铝含量应不超过2.5%。 4.2.5 窑灰 应符合JC/T742的规定。 4.2.6 助磨剂 水泥粉磨时允许加入助磨剂,其加入量应不超过水泥质量的0.5%,助磨剂应符合JC/T667的规定。 5 强度等级 硅酸盐水泥强度等级分为42.5、42.5R、52.5、52.5R、62.5、62.5R。 普通水泥强度等级分为42.5、42.5R、52.5、52.5R。 矿渣、火山灰、粉煤灰、复合水泥强度等级分为32.5、32.5R、42.5、42.5R、52.5、52.5R。 6 技术要求 6.1 化学要求 水泥化学要求应符合表2规定。 表2 项目 硅酸盐水泥 普通硅酸盐水泥 矿渣硅酸盐水泥 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥 火山灰硅酸盐水泥 复合硅酸盐水泥 P·I P·Ⅱ P·O P·S P·F P·P P·C 不溶物不大于,% 0.75 1.50 — — — — — 烧失量不大于,% 3.0 3.5 5.0 — — — — 三氧化硫不大于,% 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 氧化镁不大于,% 5.0a 6.0b 氯离子不大于,% 0.06 注: a. 水泥中氧化镁的含量。如果水泥压蒸安定性合格,则水泥中氧化镁的含量允许放宽至6.0%。 b. 水泥中氧化镁的含量。如果水泥中氧化镁的含量大于6.0%时,应通过水泥压蒸安定性试验。当矿渣硅酸盐水泥中混合材料总掺量大于40%或火山灰硅酸盐水泥和粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥中混合材料总掺量大于30%时,则制成的水泥可不做水泥压蒸安定性试验。 6.2 碱含量 水泥中碱含量按Na2O+0.658K2O计算值表示。若使用活性骨料,用户要求提供低碱水泥时,水泥中的碱含量应不大于0.60%或由供需双方商定。 6.3 物理要求 6.3.1 凝结时间 硅酸盐水泥初凝不小于45min,终凝不大于6h30min;普通硅酸盐水泥、矿渣硅酸盐水泥、火山灰硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥、复合硅酸盐水泥初凝不小于45min,终凝不大于10h。 6.3.2 安定性 沸煮法合格。 6.3.3 强度 水泥强度等级按规定龄期来划分,各强度等级水泥的各龄期强度应大于表3的要求。 表3 单位为兆帕,MPa 品 种 强度等级 抗 压 强 度 抗 折 强 度 3d 28d 3d 28d 硅酸盐水泥 42.5 17.0 42.5 3.5 6.5 42.5R 22.0 4.0 6.5 52.5 23.0 52.5 4.0 7.0 52.5R 27.0 5.0 7.0 62.5 28.0 62.5 5.0 8.0 62.5R 32.0 5.5 8.0 普通硅酸盐水泥 42.5 16.0 42.5 3.5 6.5 42.5R 21.0 4.0 6.5 52.5 22.0 52.5 4.0 7.0 52.5R 26.0 5.0 7.0 矿渣硅酸盐水泥 火山灰硅酸盐水泥 粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥 复合硅酸盐水泥 强度等级 抗 压 强 度 抗 折 强 度 32.5 10.0 32.5 2.5 5.5 32.5R 15.0 3.5 5.5 42.5 15.0 42.5 3.5 6.5 42.5R 19.0 4.0 6.5 52.5 21.0 52.5 4.0 7.0 52.5R 23.0 4.5 7.0 7 试验方法 7.1组分 由生产者选择最适宜的方法或按GB/T12960进行。在正常生产情况下,生产者应至少每月对水泥组分进行校核,年平均值应符合本标准第4.1条的规定,单一结果最大偏差为±2%。 为保证组分测定结果的准确性,生产者应采用适当的生产程序和适宜的验证方法进行验证所选方法的可靠性,并将经验证的方法形成企业标准。 7.2 不溶物、烧失量、氧化镁、三氧化硫和碱含量 按GB/T176进行。 7.3 氯离子 按JC/T420进行。 7.4 凝结时间和安定性 按GB/T 1346进行。 7.5 强度 按GB/T17671进行。但掺火山灰混合材料的普通硅酸盐水泥、火山灰硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥和复合硅酸盐水泥在进行胶砂强度检验时,其用水量按0.50水灰比和胶砂流动度不小于180mm来确定。当流动度小于180mm时,须以0.01的整倍数递增的方法将水灰比调整至胶砂流动度不小于180mm。 胶砂流动度试验按GB/T2419进行,其中胶砂制备按GB/T17671进行。 7.6 比表面积 按GB/T8074进行。 7.7 细度 按GB/T1345进行。 8.检验规则 8.1 编号及取样 水泥出厂前按同品种、同强度等级编号和取样。袋装水泥和散装水泥应分别进行编号和取样。每一编号为一取样单位。水泥出厂编号按单线年生产能力规定: 120万吨以上,不超过1200吨为一编号; 60万吨以上~120万吨,不超过1000吨为一编号; 30万吨以上~60万吨,不超过600吨为一编号; 30万吨以下,不超过400吨为一编号。 取样方法按GB12573进行。当散装水泥运输工具的容量超过该厂规定出厂编号吨数时,允许该编号的数量超过取样规定吨数。 取样应有代表性,可连续取,亦可从20个以上不同部位取等量样品,总量至少12kg。 8.2出厂检验 出厂检验项目为6.1、6.3条技术要求。 8.3判定规则 8.3.1 出厂检验 8.3.1.1 出厂检验结果符合本标准6.1、6.3条技术要求时,判为出厂检验合格。其中6.1、6.3.1、6.3.2条为检验合格、6.3.3条为确认合格后方可出厂。每批水泥出厂时应附有质量保证书。 8.3.1.2 当6.1、6.3条中任何一项不符合本标准技术要求时,判为不合格品。 8.3.1.3 水泥包装标志中水泥名称、强度等级、生产者名称和出厂编号不全时,判为包装不合格。 8.4 试验报告 试验报告内容应包括本标准规定的各项技术要求和细度的检测结果、混合材料名称和掺加量、属旋窑或立窑生产。当用户需要时,生产者应在水泥发出之日起7天内寄发除28天强度以外的各项试验结果。28天强度数值,应在水泥发出之日起32天内补报。 8.5 交货与验收 8.5.1 交货时水泥的质量验收可抽取实物试样以其检验结果为依据,也可以生产者同编号水泥的检验报告为依据。采取何种方法验收由买卖双方商定,并在合同或协议中注明。卖方有告知买方验收方法的责任。当无书面合同或协议,或未在合同、协议中注明验收方法的,卖方应在发货票上注明“以本厂同编号水泥的检验报告为验收依据”字样。 8.5.2以抽取实物试样的检验结果为验收依据时,买卖双方应在发货前或交货地共同取样和签封。取样方法按GB12573进行,取样数量为20kg,缩分为二等份。一份由卖方保存40天,一份由买方按本标准规定的项目和方法进行检验。 在40天以内,买方检验认为产品质量不符合本标准要求,而卖方又有异议时,则双方应将卖方保存的另一份试样送省级或省级以上国家认可的水泥质量监督检验机构进行仲裁检验。 8.5.3以生产者同编号水泥的检验报告为验收依据时,在发货前或交货时买方在同编号水泥中取样,双方共同签封后由卖方保存三个月,或认可卖方自行取样、签封并保存三个月的同编号水泥的封存样。 在三个月内,买方对水泥质量有疑问时,则买卖双方应将共同认可的试样送省级或省级以上国家认可的水泥质量监督检验机构进行仲裁检验。 8.5.4 水泥安定性仲裁检验时,应在10天以内完成。 9. 包装、标志、运输与贮存 9.1 包装 水泥可以袋装或散装,袋装水泥每袋净含量为50kg,且应不少于标志质量的98%;随机抽取20袋总质量(含包装袋)应不少于1000kg。其它包装形式由供需双方协商确定,但有关袋装质量要求,必须符合上述规定。水泥包装袋应符合GB9774的规定。 9.2 标志 水泥包装袋上应清楚标明:生产者名称、生产许可证编号、水泥名称、代号、强度等级、出厂编号、执行标准号、包装日期。包装袋两侧应印有水泥名称和强度等级,其中硅酸盐水泥和普通硅酸盐水泥的两侧印刷采用红色,矿渣硅酸盐水泥的两侧印刷采用绿色;火山灰硅酸盐、粉煤灰硅酸盐和复合硅酸盐水泥的两侧印刷采用黑色或蓝色。 散装运输时应提交与袋装标志相同内容的卡片。 9.3 运输与贮存 水泥在运输与贮存时不得受潮和混入杂物,不同品种和强度等级的水泥应分别贮运,不得混杂。 |
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GB 175-2007/XG3-2018, GBT 175-2007/XG3-2018, GBT 175-2007XG3-2018, GB175-2007/XG3-2018, GB 175, GB175, GBT175-2007/XG3-2018, GBT 175, GBT175, GBT175-2007XG3-2018, GBT 175, GBT175 |