1 Scope
This standard provides general information about the methods for testing colour fastness of textiles for the guidance of users. The uses and limitations of the methods are pointed out, several terms are defined, the format and outline of the methods are given and the contents of the chapters constituting the methods are discussed. Procedures common to a number of the methods are discussed briefly.
Colour fastness means the resistance of the colour of textiles to the different agents during manufacture and their subsequent use. The change in colour of specimen and staining of undyed adjacent fabrics are assessed as fastness ratings. Other visible changes in the textile material under test, for example surface effects, change in gloss or shrinkage, are considered as separate properties and reported as such.
This standard is applicable to assess colour fastness of textiles but also to assess colour fastness of dyes. When assessing the colour fastness of dyes, the dye is applied to the textile in specified depths of colour by stated procedures and the textile is then tested in the usual way.
For the most part, individual methods are concerned with colour fastness to a single agent, as the agents of interest in a particular case, and the order of application, will generally vary. It is recognized that experience and future developments in practice can justify procedures in which two or more agents are combined.
The conditions in the tests have been chosen to correspond closely to treatments usually employed in manufacture and to conditions of ordinary use. At the same time, they have been kept as simple and reproducible as possible. As it cannot be hoped that the tests will duplicate all the conditions under which textiles are processed or used, the fastness ratings are interpreted according to the particular needs of each user. They provide, however, a common basis for testing and reporting colour fastness.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 250 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Grey Scale for Assessing Change in Colour (ISO 105-A02:1993, IDT)
GB/T 251 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Grey Scale for Assessing Staining (ISO 105-A03:1993, IDT)
GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing (ISO 139:2005, MOD)
GB/T 6682 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (ISO 3696:1987, MOD)
GB/T 7568.7 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Standard Adjacent Fabrics - Part 7: Multifibre (ISO 105-F10:1989, MOD)
GB/T 8426 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness to Light: Daylight (eqv ISO 105-B01:1994)
GB/T 8427 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness to Artificial Light: Xenon Arc Fading Lamp Test (ISO 105-B02:1994, MOD)
GB/T 8429 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness to Weathering: Outdoor Exposure (eqv ISO 105-B03:1994)
GB/T 8430 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness to Artificial Weathering: Xenon Arc Fading Lamp Test (eqv ISO 105-B04:1994)
GB/T 8431 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Detection and Assessment of Photochromism (eqv ISO 105-B05:1993)
GB/T 14576 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness to Light of Textiles Wetted with Artificial Perspiration (ISO 105-B07:2009, MOD)
GB/T 16991 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Colour Fastness and Ageing to Artificial Light at High Temperatures: Xenon Arc (ISO 105-B06:1998, MOD)
GB/T 32598 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Method for the Instrumental Assessment of the Degree of Staining of Adjacent Fabrics (ISO 105-A04: 1989, MOD)
GB/T 32616 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Instrumental Assessment of Change in Colour of the Specimen (ISO 105-A05: 1996, MOD)
CIE 51 A Method for Assessing the Quality of Daylight Simulators for Colourimetry
3 General Principle
A specimen of the textile to be tested, with adjacent fabric attached if staining is to be assessed, is subjected to the action of the set agent. The extent of any change in colour and that of any staining of the specimen are assessed and expressed in fastness ratings.
