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This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This standard was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Fuel Cell and Flow Battery of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 342).
Evaluation method for lifetime of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack in vehicle application
1 Scope
This standard specifies the testing and calculation method for lifetime of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack in vehicle application.
This standard is applicable to testing and evaluation of lifetime of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks for road vehicles and non-road vehicles.
Note: For the purposes of this standard, the impact due to the difference of ambient air quality between laboratory and road is not considered.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 20042.1 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell—Part 1: Terminology
GB/ T23645-2009 Test methods of fuel cell power system for passenger cars
GB/T 28183-2011 Test methods of fuel cell power system for bus
GB/T 29838-2013 Fuel cell modules
GB/T 36288-2018 Fuel cell electric vehicles—Safety requirement of fuel cell stack
GB/T 37244-2018 Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles—Hydrogen
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 20042.1, GB/T 23645-2009, GB/T 28183-2011, GB/T 29838-2013 as well as the following apply.
3.1
idling current
output current of the fuel cell stack under test with the on-board fuel cell system under idling condition, at which the fuel cell stack can keep the fuel cell system operating for a period of time without power output
3.2
rated current
output current of the fuel cell stack under test with the on-board fuel cell system under rated condition, at which the fuel cell stack can keep operating for a period of time
3.3
reference current condition
condition based on a specific current in the evaluation of fuel cell lifetime
3.4
operation mode cycle
change process of the operation mode of the fuel cell stack under test during the continuous operation of the corresponding on-board fuel cell system from startup to shutdown
3.5
lifetime of fuel cell stack in vehicle application
cumulative service time of the fuel cell stack from startup to the moment when the volt-ampere characteristics decay to the specified lowest level under operation mode cycle
4 Test equipment and conditions
4.1 Test object
The test object is generally a single fuel cell stack or a combination of multiple fuel cell stacks. For the cell stack under test, the structure, size and material of its internal membrane electrode and bipolar plate are the same as those of the fuel cell stack in practical application.
In the case of multi-cell stack assembly in fuel cell system, one of the cell stacks, or the cell stack assembly, partially or wholly, may be taken as the test object. The test object needs to be taken out of the system and then installed on the test platform before testing.
Before installing the test object on the test platform, check and make sure that the test object has no visual damage and that the fuel cell stack meets the basic safety requirements of GB/T 36288-2018.
4.2 Installation of test platform and test object
See Table 1 for main measuring devices and accuracy.
Table 1 Main measuring devices and accuracy
Measuring device Accuracy
Humidity measuring device Relative humidity: ≥ ±3.0%
Temperature measuring device ≥ ±1.0°C
Pressure measuring device ≥ ±1.0 kpa
Fuel mass flow measuring device ≥ ±1.0% FS (Full scale)
Air mass flow measuring device ≥ ±1.0% FS
Voltage measuring device ≥ ±0.5% FS
Current measuring device ≥ ±0.5% FS
See Figure 1 for the fuel cell stack test platform. Test equipment, which shall be automatically adjustable according to test procedures, can record test parameters; multi-channel voltage acquisition function shall be provided to display and record the voltage of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack; the change rate of air supply flow and humidity is not lower than the variable load speed in the operating condition spectrum used for testing. The test platform provided by either party can be used, only if it meets the requirements of this standard.
It is required that the sensors of inlet gas temperature, humidity and pressure be arranged within 100mm upstream of the gas inlet of the cell stack, the temperature sensor of the cell stack be arranged within 100mm downstream of the coolant outlet or inside the cell stack, and the inlet air flow meter be arranged in the pipeline before gas humidification. If the sensors are arranged in such a way that the aforementioned position requirement (within 100mm) is not met due to special design of fuel cell stack or module housing, it may be resolved through negotiation between the tester and the client.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test equipment and conditions
4.1 Test objects
4.2 Installation of test platform and test object
4.3 Test environment and basic requirements
4.4 Special provisions
5 Lifetime test method
5.1 General provisions
5.2 Activation, testing and stability assessment
5.3 Test at different conditions
5.4 Power generation performance test at the end of lifetime test
5.5 Determination of operation mode cycle spectrum
5.6 Calculation of performance attenuation rate and lifetime of fuel cell
6 Evaluation report
Bibliography
